PRIME
In which Nicholas tells many things as the crypt of the treasure is visited.
Nicholas of Morimondo, in his new position as cellarer, was giving orders to the cooks, and they were supplying him with information about the operation of the kitchen. William wanted to speak with him, but Nicholas asked us to wait a few moments, until he had to go down into the crypt of the treasure to supervise the polishing of the glass cases, which was still his responsibility; there he would have more time for conversation.
A little later, he did in fact ask us to follow him. He entered the church, went behind the main altar (while the monks1 were setting up a catafalque in the nave3, to keep vigil over Malachi’s corpse4), and led us down a little ladder. At its foot we found ourselves in a room with a very low vaulted5 ceiling supported by thick rough-stone columns. We were in the crypt where the riches of the abbey were stored, a place of which the abbot was very jealous and which he allowed to be opened only under exceptional circumstances and for very important visitors.
On every side were cases of different dimensions; in them, objects of wondrous6 beauty shone in the glow of the torches (lighted by two of Nicholas’s trusted assistants). Gold vestments, golden crowns studded with gems8, coffers of various metals engraved9 with figures, works in niello and ivory. In ecstasy10, Nicholas showed us an evangeliarium whose binding11 displayed amazing enam?el plaques12 composing a variegated13 unity14 of graduated compartments15, outlined in gold filigree16 and fixed17 by precious stones in the guise18 of nails. He showed us a delicate aedicula with two columns of lapis lazuli and gold which framed an Entombment of Christ in fine silver bas-relief surmounted19 by a golden cross set with thirteen diamonds against a background of grainy onyx, while the little pediment was scalloped with agate20 and rubies21. Then I saw a chryselephantine diptych divided into five sections, with five scenes from the life of Christ, and in the center a mystical lamp composed of cells of gilded22 silver with glass paste, a single poly?chrome image on a ground of waxen whiteness.
Nicholas’s face and gestures, as he illustrated23 these things for us, were radiant with pride. William praised the objects he had seen, then asked Nicholas what sort of man Malachi had been.
Nicholas moistened one finger and rubbed it over a crystal surface imperfectly polished, then answered with a half smile, not looking William in the face: “As many said, Malachi seemed quite thoughtful, but on the contrary he was a very simple man. According to Alinardo, he was a fool.”
“Alinardo bears a grudge24 against someone for a re?mote25 event, when he was denied the honor of being librarian.”
“I, too, have heard talk of that, but it is an old story, dating back at least fifty years. When I arrived here the librarian was Robert of Bobbio, and the old monks muttered about an injustice26 committed against Alinardo. Robert had an assistant, who later died, and Malachi, still very young, was appointed in his place. Many said that Malachi was without merit, that though he claimed to know Greek and Arabic it was not true, he was only good at aping, copying manuscripts in those languages in fine calligraphy28, without understanding what he was copying. Alinardo insinuated29 that Malachi had been put in that position to favor the schemes of his, Alinardo’s, enemy. But I did not understand whom he meant. That is the whole story. There have always been whispers that Malachi protected the library like a guard dog, but with no knowledge of what he was guarding. For that matter, there was also whispering against Berengar, when Malachi chose him as assistant. They said that the young man was no cleverer than his master, that he was only an intriguer30. They also said—but you must have heard these rumors31 yourself by now—that there was a strange relationship between him and Malachi. ... Old gossip. Then, as you know, there was talk about Berengar and Adelmo, and the young scribes said that Malachi silently suffered horrible jealousy33. ... And then there was also murmuring about the ties between Malachi and Jorge. No, not m the sense you might believe—no one has ever murmured against Jorge’s virtue34!—but Malachi, as librarian, by tradition should have chosen the abbot as his confessor, whereas all the other monks go to Jorge for confession35 (or to Alinardo, but the old man is by now almost mindless). ... Well, they said that in spite of this, the librarian conferred too often with Jorge, as if the abbot directed Malachi’s soul but Jorge ruled his body, his actions, his work. Indeed, as you know yourself and have probably seen, if anyone wanted to know the location of an ancient, forgotten book, he did not ask Malachi, but Jorge. Malachi kept the cata?logue and went up into the library, but Jorge knew what each title meant. …”
“Why did Jorge know so many things about the library?”
“He is the oldest, after Alinardo; he has been here since his youth. Jorge must be over eighty, and they say he has been blind at least forty years, perhaps longer. ...”
“How did he become so learned, before his blindness?”
“Oh, there are legends about him. It seems that when he was only a boy he was already blessed by divine grace, and in his native Castile he read the books of the Arabs and the Greek doctors while still a child. And then even after his blindness, even now, he sits for long hours in the library, he has others recite the catalogue to him and bring him books, and a novice36 reads aloud to him for hours and hours.”
“Now that Malachi and Berengar are dead, who is left who possesses the secrets of the library?”
“The abbot, and the abbot must now hand them on to Benno ... if he chooses. ...”
“Why do you say. ‘if he chooses’?”
“Because Benno is young, and he was named assistant while Malachi was still alive; being assistant librari?an is different from being librarian. By tradition, the librarian later becomes abbot. ...”
“Ah, so that is it. ... That is why the post of librarian is so coveted37. But then Abo was once librarian?”
“No, not Abo. His appointment took place before I arrived here; it must be thirty years ago now. Before that, Paul of Rimini was abbot, a curious man about whom they tell strange stories. It seems he was a most voracious38 reader, he knew by heart all the books in the library, but he had a strange infirmity: he was unable to write. They called him Abbas agraphicus. … He be?came abbot when very young; it was said he had the support of Algirdas of Cluny. … But this is old monk2?ish gossip. Anyway, Paul became abbot, and Robert of Bobbio took his place in the library, but he wasted away as an illness consumed him; they knew he would never be able to govern the abbey, and when Paul of Rimini disappeared …”
“He died?”
“No, he disappeared, I do not know how. One day he went off on a journey and never came back; perhaps he was killed by thieves in the course of his travels. ... Anyway, when Paul disappeared, Robert could not take his place, and there were obscure plots. Abo—it is said—was the natural son of the lord of this district. He grew up in the abbey of Fossanova; it was said that as a youth he had tended Saint Thomas when he died there and had been in charge of carrying that great body down the stairs of a tower where the corpse could not pass. ... That was his moment of glory, the malicious39 here murmured. ... The fact is, he was elected abbot, even though he had not been librarian, and he was instructed by someone, Robert I believe, in the myster?ies of the library. Now you understand why I do not know whether the abbot will want to instruct Benno: it would be like naming him his successor, a heedless youth, a half-barbarian grammarian from the Far North, what could he know about this country, the abbey, its relations with the lords of the area?”
“But Malachi was not Italian, either, or Berengar, and yet both of them were appointed to the library.”
“There is a mysterious thing for you. The monks grumble40 that for the past half century or more the abbey has been forsaking41 its traditions. ... This is why, over fifty years ago, perhaps earlier, Alinardo aspired42 to the position of librarian. The librarian had always been Italian—there is no scarcity44 of great minds in this land. And besides, you see ...” Here Nicholas hesitated, as if reluctant to say what he was about to say. “… you see, Malachi and Berengar died, perhaps so that they would not become abbot.”
He stirred, waved his hand before his face as if to dispel45 thoughts less than honest, then made the sign of the cross. “Whatever am I saying? You see, in this country shameful46 things have been happening for many years, even in the monasteries47, in the papal court, in the churches. ... Conflicts to gain power, accusations48 of heresy49 to take a prebend from someone ... How ugly! I am losing faith in the human race; I see plots and palace conspiracies50 on every side. That our abbey should come to this, a nest of vipers51 risen through occult magic in what had been a triumph of sainted members. Look: the past of this monastery52!”
He pointed27 to the treasures scattered53 all around, and, leaving the crosses and other vessels54, he took us to see the reliquaries, which represented the glory of this place.
“Look,” he said, “this is the tip of the spear that pierced the side of the Saviour55!” We saw a golden box with a crystal lid, containing a purple cushion on which lay a piece of iron, triangular56 in shape, once corroded57 by rust7 but now restored to vivid splendor58 by long application of oils and waxes. But this was still nothing. For in another box, of silver studded with amethysts59, its front panel transparent60, I saw a piece of the venerated61 wood of the holy cross, brought to this abbey by Queen Helena herself, mother of the Emperor Constantine, after she had gone as a pilgrim to the holy places, excavated62 the hill of Golgotha and the holy sepulcher63, and constructed a cathedral over it.
Then Nicholas showed us other things, and I could not describe them all, in their number and their rarity. There was, in a case of aquamarine, a nail of the cross. In an ampoule, lying on a cushion of little withered64 roses, there was a portion of the crown of thorns; and in another box, again on a blanket of dried flowers, a yellowed shred65 of the tablecloth66 from the last supper. And then there was the purse of Saint Matthew, of silver links; and in a cylinder67, bound by a violet ribbon eaten by time and sealed with gold, a bone from Saint Anne’s arm. I saw, wonder of wonders, under a glass bell, on a red cushion embroidered68 with pearls, a piece of the manger of Bethlehem, and a hand’s length of the purple tunic69 of Saint John the Evangelist, two links of the chains that bound the ankles of the apostle Peter in Rome, the skull70 of Saint Adalbert, the sword of Saint Stephen, a tibia of Saint Margaret, a finger of Saint Vitalis, a rib32 of Saint Sophia, the chin of Saint Eobanus, the upper part of Saint Chrysostom’s shoulder blade, the engagement ring of Saint Joseph, a tooth of the Baptist, Moses’s rod, a tattered71 scrap72 of very fine lace from the Virgin73 Mary’s wedding dress.
And then other things that were not relics74 but still bore perennial75 witness to wonders and wondrous beings from distant lands, brought to the abbey by monks who had traveled to the farthest ends of the world: a stuffed basilisk and hydra76, a unicorn’s horn, an egg that a hermit77 had found inside another egg, a piece of the manna that had fed the Hebrews to the desert, a whale’s tooth, a coconut78, the scapula of an animal from before the Flood, an elephant’s ivory tusk79, the rib of a dolphin. And then more relics that I did not identify, whose reliquaries were perhaps more precious than they, and some (judging by the craftsmanship80 of their containers, of blackened silver) very ancient: an endless series of fragments, bone, cloth, wood, metal, glass. And phials with dark powders, one of which, I learned, contained the charred81 remains82 of the city of Sodom, and another some mortar83 from the walls of Jericho. All things, even the humblest, for which an emperor would have given more than a castle, and which represented a hoard84 not only of immense prestige but also of actual material wealth for the abbey that preserved them.
I continued wandering about, dumbfounded, for Nicholas had now stopped explaining the objects, each of which was described by a scroll85 anyway; and now I was free to roam virtually at random86 amid that display of priceless wonders, at times admiring things in full light, at times glimpsing them in semidarkness, as Nicholas’s helpers moved to another part of the crypt with their torches. I was fascinated by those yellowed bits of cartilage, mystical and revolting at the same time, transparent and mysterious; by those shreds87 of clothing from some immemorial age, faded, threadbare, sometimes rolled up in a phial like a faded manuscript; by those crumbled88 materials mingling89 with the fabric90 that was their bed, holy jetsam of a life once animal (and rational) and now, imprisoned91 in constructions of crystal or of metal that in their minuscule92 size mimed93 the boldness of stone cathedrals with towers and turrets94, all seemed transformed into mineral substance as well. Is this, then, how the bodies of the saints, buried, await the resurrection of the flesh? From these shards95 would there be reconstructed those organisms that in the splendor of the beatific96 vision, regaining97 their every natural sensitivity, would sense, as Pipernus wrote, even the minimas differentias odorum?
William stirred me from my meditations98 as he touched my shoulder. “I am going,” he said. “I’m going up to the scriptorium. I have yet something to consult. ...”
“But it will be impossible to have any books,” I said. “Benno was given orders. …”
“I have to re-examine only the books I was reading the other day; all are still in the scriptorium, on Venantius’s desk. You stay here, if you like. This crypt is a beautiful epitome99 of the debates on poverty you have been following these past few days. And now you know why your brothers make mincemeat of one another as they aspire43 to the position of abbot.”
“But do you believe what Nicholas implied? Are the crimes connected with a conflict over the investiture?”
“I’ve already told you that for the present I don’t want to put hypotheses into words. Nicholas said many things. And some interested me. But now I am going to follow yet another trail. Or perhaps the same, but from a different direction. And don’t succumb100 too much to the spell of these cases. I have seen many other frag?ments of the cross, in other churches. If all were genuine, our Lord’s torment101 could not have been on a couple of planks102 nailed together, but on an entire forest.”
“Master!” I said, shocked.
“So it is, Adso. And there are even richer treasuries103. Some time ago, in the cathedral of Cologne, I saw the skull of John the Baptist at the age of twelve.”
“Really?” I exclaimed, amazed. Then, seized by doubt, I added, “But the Baptist was executed at a more advanced age!”
“The other skull must be in another treasury,” William said, with a grave face. I never understood when he was jesting. In my country, when you joke you say some?thing and then you laugh very noisily, so everyone shares in the joke. But William laughed only when he said serious things, and remained very serious when he was presumably joking.
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1
monks
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| n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 ) | |
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monk
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| n.和尚，僧侣，修道士 | |
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nave
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| n.教堂的中部；本堂 | |
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corpse
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| n.尸体，死尸 | |
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vaulted
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| adj.拱状的 | |
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wondrous
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| adj.令人惊奇的，奇妙的；adv.惊人地；异乎寻常地；令人惊叹地 | |
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rust
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| n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退 | |
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gems
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| growth； economy； management； and customer satisfaction 增长 | |
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engraved
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| v.在（硬物）上雕刻（字，画等）( engrave的过去式和过去分词 )；将某事物深深印在（记忆或头脑中） | |
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ecstasy
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| n.狂喜，心醉神怡，入迷 | |
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binding
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| 有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的 | |
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plaques
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| （纪念性的）匾牌( plaque的名词复数 )； 纪念匾； 牙斑； 空斑 | |
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variegated
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| adj.斑驳的，杂色的 | |
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unity
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| n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调 | |
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compartments
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| n.间隔( compartment的名词复数 )；（列车车厢的）隔间；（家具或设备等的）分隔间；隔层 | |
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filigree
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| n.金银丝做的工艺品；v.用金银细丝饰品装饰；用华而不实的饰品装饰；adj.金银细丝工艺的 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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guise
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| n.外表，伪装的姿态 | |
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surmounted
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| 战胜( surmount的过去式和过去分词 )； 克服（困难）； 居于…之上； 在…顶上 | |
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agate
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| n.玛瑙 | |
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rubies
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| 红宝石( ruby的名词复数 )； 红宝石色，深红色 | |
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gilded
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| a.镀金的，富有的 | |
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illustrated
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| adj. 有插图的，列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词 | |
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grudge
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| n.不满，怨恨，妒嫉；vt.勉强给，不情愿做 | |
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mote
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| n.微粒；斑点 | |
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injustice
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| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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calligraphy
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| n.书法 | |
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insinuated
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| v.暗示( insinuate的过去式和过去分词 )；巧妙或迂回地潜入；（使）缓慢进入；慢慢伸入 | |
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intriguer
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| 密谋者 | |
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rumors
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| n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷 | |
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rib
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| n.肋骨，肋状物 | |
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jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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confession
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| n.自白，供认，承认 | |
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novice
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| adj.新手的，生手的 | |
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coveted
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| adj.令人垂涎的；垂涎的，梦寐以求的v.贪求，觊觎(covet的过去分词)；垂涎；贪图 | |
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voracious
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| adj.狼吞虎咽的，贪婪的 | |
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malicious
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| adj.有恶意的，心怀恶意的 | |
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grumble
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| vi.抱怨；咕哝；n.抱怨，牢骚；咕哝，隆隆声 | |
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forsaking
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| 放弃( forsake的现在分词 )； 弃绝； 抛弃； 摒弃 | |
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aspired
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| v.渴望，追求( aspire的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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aspire
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| vi.(to，after)渴望，追求，有志于 | |
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scarcity
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| n.缺乏，不足，萧条 | |
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dispel
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| vt.驱走，驱散，消除 | |
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shameful
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| adj.可耻的，不道德的 | |
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monasteries
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| 修道院( monastery的名词复数 ) | |
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accusations
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| n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名 | |
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heresy
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| n.异端邪说；异教 | |
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conspiracies
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| n.阴谋，密谋( conspiracy的名词复数 ) | |
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vipers
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| n.蝰蛇( viper的名词复数 )；毒蛇；阴险恶毒的人；奸诈者 | |
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monastery
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| n.修道院，僧院，寺院 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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saviour
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| n.拯救者，救星 | |
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triangular
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| adj.三角（形）的，三者间的 | |
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corroded
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| 已被腐蚀的 | |
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splendor
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| n.光彩；壮丽，华丽；显赫，辉煌 | |
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amethysts
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| n.紫蓝色宝石( amethyst的名词复数 )；紫晶；紫水晶；紫色 | |
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transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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venerated
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| 敬重（某人或某事物），崇敬( venerate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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excavated
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| v.挖掘( excavate的过去式和过去分词 )；开凿；挖出；发掘 | |
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sepulcher
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| n.坟墓 | |
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withered
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| adj. 枯萎的，干瘪的，（人身体的部分器官）因病萎缩的或未发育良好的 动词wither的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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shred
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| v.撕成碎片，变成碎片；n.碎布条，细片，些少 | |
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tablecloth
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| n.桌布，台布 | |
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cylinder
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| n.圆筒，柱(面)，汽缸 | |
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embroidered
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| adj．绣花的 | |
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tunic
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| n.束腰外衣 | |
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skull
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| n.头骨；颅骨 | |
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tattered
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| adj.破旧的，衣衫破的 | |
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scrap
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| n.碎片；废料；v.废弃，报废 | |
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virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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perennial
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| adj.终年的；长久的 | |
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hydra
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| n.水螅；难于根除的祸患 | |
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hermit
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| n.隐士，修道者；隐居 | |
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coconut
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| n.椰子 | |
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tusk
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| n.獠牙，长牙，象牙 | |
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80
craftsmanship
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| n.手艺 | |
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81
charred
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| v.把…烧成炭( char的过去式)；烧焦 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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mortar
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| n.灰浆，灰泥；迫击炮；v.把…用灰浆涂接合 | |
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hoard
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| n./v.窖藏，贮存，囤积 | |
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scroll
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| n.卷轴，纸卷；(石刻上的)漩涡 | |
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random
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| adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动 | |
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shreds
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| v.撕碎，切碎( shred的第三人称单数 )；用撕毁机撕毁（文件） | |
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crumbled
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| （把…）弄碎， （使）碎成细屑( crumble的过去式和过去分词 )； 衰落； 坍塌； 损坏 | |
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mingling
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| adj.混合的 | |
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fabric
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| n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织 | |
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imprisoned
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| 下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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minuscule
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| adj.非常小的；极不重要的 | |
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mimed
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| v.指手画脚地表演，用哑剧的形式表演( mime的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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turrets
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| （六角）转台( turret的名词复数 )； （战舰和坦克等上的）转动炮塔； （摄影机等上的）镜头转台； （旧时攻城用的）塔车 | |
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shards
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| n.（玻璃、金属或其他硬物的）尖利的碎片( shard的名词复数 ) | |
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beatific
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| adj.快乐的，有福的 | |
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regaining
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| 复得( regain的现在分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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meditations
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| 默想( meditation的名词复数 )； 默念； 沉思； 冥想 | |
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epitome
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| n.典型，梗概 | |
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100
succumb
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| v.屈服，屈从；死 | |
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101
torment
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| n.折磨；令人痛苦的东西(人)；vt.折磨；纠缠 | |
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102
planks
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| （厚）木板( plank的名词复数 )； 政纲条目，政策要点 | |
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103
treasuries
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| n.（政府的）财政部( treasury的名词复数 )；国库，金库 | |
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