(11th and 12th October 1535.)
=THE SECRET MARCH.=
What road should this little army take? There seemed to be no other than that through the Pays de Vaud. But that country was occupied by the captains of the duke of Savoy, who separated Wildermuth's band from Geneva, and could easily oppose him with four or five thousand men. Besides, if the Swiss auxiliaries1 followed that road, they would have to pass near Yverdun and other strong towns capable of stopping them. 'I undertake,' Wildermuth had said, 'to lead my companions secretly and promptly2 to Geneva.' But how could he lead four to five hundred men secretly? With that intent he had formed a bold strange plan, by means of which he hoped to clear the distance between Neuchâtel and Geneva, without its being known what he was doing, and would present himself to the Genevese in distress3, and to the Savoyards, their enemies, at a moment when neither of them expected him. The old captain intended to turn the Jura, and for that purpose to cross the Val de Travers, enter Franche Comté, make for Sainte Claude, and thence, by the pass of the Faucille, he would descend4 directly upon Geneva.
His troops began their march: they passed through Couvet, Môtiers, and other villages in the valley; but they had hardly crossed the last meadows, when they found the mountainous and steep roads, which separated
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them from Les Verrières and Pontarlier, entirely5 closed by the Savoyards.[634] Wildermuth, after taking counsel with the other chiefs, resolved, instead of turning the Jura, to march by the upper valleys. Some objected the season, the precipices6, the absence of beaten roads; but the leaders saw no other means of escaping the armed corps7 which desired to stop them. The troop was so small that, if it fought two or three battles before reaching Geneva, scarcely a handful of men would enter the beleaguered8 city.
=LABORIOUS MARCH.=
Turning, therefore, to the left, in a southerly direction, and passing the village of Butte, the volunteers painfully climbed the steep path which, winding10 between Mont Chasseron and the Côte-aux-Fées, leads to Sainte-Croix. They passed through this village, descended11 towards Vallorbe, and then climbed again into the high valleys of Joux.
These heroic adventurers were two days (Friday and Saturday) on those cold and desert heights. Everything was already covered with snow, which was knee-deep, and forced them to clear the way with unheard-of labor9. We must not forget that there were women among them. It was the coldest period of the year, says Froment, the winter being early and severe. Thick flakes12 of snow fell and covered those brave men with a white mantle13, and obliged them to move slowly. But Wildermuth, notwithstanding his age; Baillod, notwithstanding his small stature14; and Savoye, notwithstanding his fatigues16, were fearless. One of them always marched in front; and when they had to encounter difficult passages, they sprang forward with fiery17 ardor18 upon those icy bulwarks19, as if mounting to the assault.
At that time there were only twenty families in the valley, and some monks20 of the order of the Premonstrants,
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who had been settled in the twelfth century at a place still called the Abbey. At the approach of this unexpected body of 'men in white,' the inhabitants of the heights fled in terror, with such valuables as they could carry; and those noble champions of independence and the Gospel could find nowhere either men or provisions, so that famine 'pressed them sorely.' They went into the poor gardens, but could gather nothing to appease21 their hunger except 'a few cabbage stalks and some turnips—and very little of these,' adds the chronicler. However, they did not lose courage: they were going to help Geneva, and every step carried them nearer. This idea stimulated22 them: the drifted snows, which often blocked up the road, were crossed with renewed courage.
On Saturday afternoon these warriors23 reached the wild lake of Les Rousses, where they turned to the left, to make for the valley of the Leman, marching slowly beneath long ranges of pine-trees. At length the troop, overwhelmed with fatigue15, arrived at Saint Cergues, on the heights of the Jura overlooking Nyon, 2,800 feet above the lake. The valiant24 men conducted by Wildermuth expected to find provisions in this village; but there were no inhabitants, and no victuals25. However, as there were houses and beds too, the chiefs determined26 to pass the night there, and posted sentinels all round.[635]
What were they to do next day? They might, indeed, continue their painful road over the mountain as far as La Faucille, whence they could descend by way of Gex to Geneva: this, as it appeared, was Claude Savoye's first plan; but most of his comrades, pressed by hunger, fatigued27 by the snow and the difficult roads of the Jura, proposed to descend at once into the beautiful valley of the Leman. It was useless to represent to them that they would infallibly
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fall in with the ducal troops near Nyon; they answered that they had been two days without eating; how could an army, weakened by starvation, deliver Geneva? Nothing was decided28, when the advanced sentinels brought in three young men whom they had taken near the village. Wildermuth and the other chiefs questioned them: they were the first human beings who had approached them since they had plunged29 into the Jura. 'We have been sent by the people of Geneva,' said one of the three, 'to serve you as guides. The ducal troops are assembled not far from the mountain, to the number of four to five thousand, horse and foot, and are preparing to surround you, take you prisoners, and hang you.[636] Follow us, and we will lead you to Geneva safe and sound.' Claude Savoye did not know these men, which was not a good augury30; but Wildermuth and his followers31 had those upright hearts which do not easily suspect treachery in others. Too happy to find guides, they resolved to follow the young men next morning. It was night, and the troop prepared to take the necessary repose32.
There was, however, one man in that valiant band who was not to rest. The Genevan, as he is generally called in this narrative33, believing that the destiny of his country was about to be decided, could not sleep. Just at that moment a native of the district presented himself mysteriously at the outposts and desired to see him. Savoye at once went to speak with him. The messenger told him that he had come from the Seigneur d'Allinges, one of the noblemen then collected round Monseigneur de Lullin, governor of Vaud. D'Allinges had quitted the castle of his family, situated34 on a steep hill near Thonon, whose beautiful ruins are still the admiration35 of travellers, and had joined the Savoyard gentlemen.
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Being a personal friend of Savoye's, he sent to tell him that Louis de Diesbach and Rodolph Nägueli, the envoys36 of Berne, had arrived at the castle of Coppet, in order to act as mediators in the affair. This news troubled Savoye; did Bernese diplomacy37 wish to neutralize38 his exertions39? He might have waited until the morning, but his character always carried him forward. He determined to depart alone, and instantly. D'Allinges had sent him a paper signed with his own hand, which was to serve as a safe-conduct. After conferring with Wildermuth, Savoye quitted Saint Cergues at the moment when the others were about to seek the repose of night. He descended the mountain hastily, though not without difficulty; and, crossing rocks and penetrating40 thickets41, he reached the foot of the Jura at last. He found there a fine Spanish courser, which D'Allinges had sent for him. Savoye sprang into the saddle, and galloped42 off to Coppet.[637]
=SAVOYE GOES TO COPPET.=
On the other hand, the Swiss who had slept at Saint Cergues lost no time. Stirring early on the Sunday morning, they departed under the conduct of the three young guides. Geneva was in imminent43 danger; it was necessary to hasten to its assistance. The band passed near the castle, whence on a sudden a world sparkling with beauty opens before the eyes of those who have been long shut up in the gorges44 of the Jura: the lake, its rich valley peopled with smiling villages; the magnificent Alps, in the bosom45 of which Mont Blanc uplifts his kingly head; Geneva, and the towers of its antique cathedral. Delighted to perceive the city to whose succor46 they were hastening, these generous men hailed it with joy. They descended and marched to within a league of Nyon, at Gingins, whose castle was then occupied by the Seigneur de Gingins, brother to the vicar-general of Geneva. Wildermuth's followers,
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tired and hungry, hoped (according to what their guides had said) to find there in abundance the provisions of which they stood so much in need.
Behind a coppice between the village and the mountain was a ravine, worn by the waters which descend from the hills during the heavy rains; it would scarcely hold two persons abreast47, a streamlet flowed along the bottom, and thick underwood bordered it on both sides. The guides of these valiant men said that they must be careful not to go near the village, for fear the enemy should hear of their arrival, and desired them to hide in the ravine and wait until their return. 'We will run to Gingins,' they said, 'and bring you back refreshments48; and then we will all set out for Geneva.' 'Go,' said the troop; 'we will pay fairly for all you can bring us.' The Swiss drew up noiselessly in the hollow way, and their guides quitted them.
=BATTLE OF GINGINS.=
At Gingins there was a body of the enemy composed of Italians, Savoyards, and gentlemen and men-at-arms of the bailiwicks of Nyon, La Côte, Gex, La Sarraz, and other localities. The priests had preached a crusade in those parishes.[638] They had done more: they had armed themselves[639] and marched at the head of their villages, saying that they would not lay down their arms until heresy49 was extirpated50 from the valley of the Leman. They were all waiting for the Swiss, impatient to fall upon that little band of four to five hundred ill-armed soldiers, which they had seen descending51 the mountain. The duke of Savoy, according to the official report, had on foot to stop them three to four thousand men. Froment, who often exaggerates numbers, speaks of four to five thousand, and reckons Spaniards among them. This force was divided into corps, one of which was then at Gingins.
This first division, composed of fifteen hundred men,
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was commanded by the Sieur de Lugrin, chief of the Gex contingent52, and an Italian, according to a chronicler. Devoted53 to the Romish Church and to his master the duke, Lugrin detested54 Geneva and the Reform. Towards him the three guides had made their way; and, being received into the castle, they informed him of the results of the stratagem55 to which they had had recourse, and told him that the Swiss were shut up in a narrow place, where it would be impossible for them to move, and where it would be easy to kill them all. Lugrin immediately marched out at the head of his men, confident of crushing at the first blow these adventurers, exhausted56 by hunger and fatigue, and of staining with heretics' blood that deep mountain ravine.
The Swiss volunteers were waiting, without suspicion and in silence, for the provisions that had been promised them. Presently they fancied they heard a noise: Captain Erhard and one or two others raised their heads. Great was their surprise when, instead of the three pretended friends bringing them food, they saw a numerous and well-armed body of cavalry57 and infantry58 advancing and preparing a very different sort of banquet for them. Wildermuth without hesitation59 issued from the ravine; at the same time the Sieur de Lugrin came forward, and the two chiefs, each accompanied by an officer, met between the two forces. 'What is your intention?' asked Lugrin.—'To go to Geneva,' answered Wildermuth.—'We will not grant you the passage.'—'Very well; then we will take it.' At this the officer who attended Lugrin dealt Wildermuth a blow with the butt-end of his arquebuse and knocked him down. But the Neuchâtelan who was with him struck the Savoyard back again and killed him.[640] Wildermuth sprang up immediately,
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and ran eagerly towards his followers to give them orders to charge.
The soldiers who composed the troop of the duke of Savoy were brave men, burning with enthusiasm for the cause of Rome. They occupied a hill situated between the ravine and the castle; they were set in motion, and, on coming within gunshot, discharged their muskets60; but as the Swiss were still in the ravine, the bullets passed over their heads. 'Forward!' cried Wildermuth at this moment. In an instant his followers, exasperated61 at being fooled and betrayed, issued from the hollow way, rushed through the hedge, drew up boldly in presence of the enemy, and fired a volley which brought several to the ground. Excited by rage and hunger, the valiant Switzers did not give themselves time to reload their arms, but rushed impetuously upon the Savoyards. They were like bears or wolves whom hunger drives from the mountains, to seek food in the plain. Those who had swords fought with them; those who had muskets used them as clubs; it was a struggle man to man, and the conflict was frightful62. In the very middle of the fight was the heroine of Nidau, with her husband and three sons, 'all fervent63 in the Gospel.' Wielding64 her two-handed sword, she confronted the Savoyards. 'This family of five persons,' says Froment, 'father, mother, and children, made a great discomfiture65 of persons.' The husband was killed, the sons were wounded, but the mother was unhurt, which was a wonderful thing to see, says the chronicler, for nobody attacked the enemy with more intrepidity66. Another woman, according to Stettler, rivalled her in courage, and four Savoyards had already bitten the dust when she fell, struck by a mortal blow.[641]
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=THE PRIESTS CUT DOWN.=
The men did not remain in the background. Fired with martial67 fury, they drove their swords through their enemies' bodies, or brained them with their arquebuses, or else, quickly reloading their guns, brought them down from a distance.[642] Being skilful68 marksmen, they picked out their victims; forty nobles, most of them Knights69 of the Spoon,[643] bit the dust; and the priests paid a large tribute to death. The fanatical anger of the clergy70, who marched courageously71 to battle, was met by the avenging72 anger of the Swiss, who were irritated at seeing men of peace on the field of strife73. Wildermuth had pointed74 out 'the false priests' to his men. 'There they are now; we must sacrifice them as did Elijah of old.' The curés, who had not expected such a resistance, found themselves cut down by those terrible Helvetians, to whom two days of suffering and the perfidy75 of their enemies gave a sort of transport. An excited imagination could alone, perhaps, secure victory to the Swiss. One of them in particular seemed like the angel of death. The indignation he felt at seeing the servants of God wielding the sword, carried him away, and twenty of them fell beneath his blows—a terrible fulfilment of the words of Christ to Peter: They that take the sword shall perish with the sword. A hundred of these ministers of peace, turned ministers of war, remained dead or wounded on the field.[644] The noise was frightful, and was heard a long way off. 'During the battle,' says Froment, 'there was fierce lightning in the air and loud thunder.' Was there a storm or
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are these words only figurative? Perhaps persons at a distance took the flashes of the guns and the noise of the battle for thunder and lightning.
=SONG OF THE BERNESE SOLDIER.=
The defeat seemed total and decided. Wildermuth and his followers thought they would have nothing more to do than march into Geneva, when an unexpected circumstance forced them to begin again. Another corps d'armée of Savoye, that which was nearest, summoned by the noise of the battle, hurried forward to Lugrin's help. It was commanded (as it would appear) by Michael Mangerot, baron76 of La Sarraz; he is indeed the only chief of his party mentioned by some historians.[645] Mangerot, a Frenchman by extraction and owner of the barony of La Sarraz, had been, since the Sieur de Pontverre's death, the most formidable of the Knights of the Spoon. Despite his efforts, none of his men could stand before the ardor of the Swiss, and intrepidity triumphed over numbers. Those 'tall foreigners,'[646] as the German chronicler styles the Savoyards, were alarmed and discouraged; they threw away their arms, turned their backs, and shamefully77 took to flight,[647] leaving the field of battle covered with firelocks, breastplates, lances, dead horses and men, among whom (says the catholic Pierre-Fleur) were many goodly personages. The loss of the Savoyards has been variously estimated from five hundred to two thousand. In the first rank of the victims of the fight the Swiss recognized their perfidious78 guides. The latter had lost only seven men and one woman. The hill on which these terrible blows were dealt is still called, in memory of this battle, the Molard or the mound79 of the dead. The valiant band of the Jura, at the sight of the victims of the day, halted on the terrible battle-field, and piously80 bending their knees amid the scattered82 arms and blood-stained corpses83 of their enemies, returned thanks to God for the great
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and unexpected victory He had granted them. The feelings which animated84 them have been expressed by a Swiss poet of the time in a Song of the Bernese Soldier after the Battle of Gingins, of which we give a few verses:
Rejoice, O Berne, rejoice![648]
Right joyful85 shouldst thou be,
For when our grief was sorest
God sent us victory.
By all the world we're hated,
Because the glory due
We render to His name alone.
****
Hail to the Bear, the brave old Bear,[649]
Who, to uphold our right,
Has armed his sons, and covered them
With his broad shield in the fight.
With haste they marched to succor
Geneva, round whose wall
Raved86 fiercely the mass-worshippers,
All eager for its fall.
But hunger did not stop them,
Nor mountains bar their way,
Nor the sight of the sudden foemen
Could strike them with dismay.
One man to seven we stood,
With weapons rude and few;
But 'God will be our spear,' we said,
Sprang through the hedge, and undismayed
On their steel-clad ranks we flew.
Yes! the Lord was on our side that day,
In our hearts we felt His might,
And Belial's dainty champions
Were scattered in the fight.
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See how the bear-cubs taught them
To tread a merry dance!
And the priests, how well we shrived them
With the pricking87 of a lance!
Ours is the victory! Forward then!
For aid Geneva calls,
Haste to the help of those whose shame
Is to love God's Word and Christ's dear name—
Haste! yonder are her walls!
Meanwhile the report of the battle had spread through the whole district; all the neighboring villages were in commotion88; couriers, dispatched by Lugrin, hastily ordered up the various corps, stationed at intervals89, to the support of their unhappy commander. These troops hurried forward at the top of their speed. When the Swiss had finished their thanksgiving, they looked before them and perceived that the hostile chiefs were busied in filled up their thinned ranks, and that fresh bands were joining the Savoyard army. The Sire de Lugrin and the Baron of La Sarraz at the head of these fresh troops, supported by the old ones, were about to attack the terrible battalion90, posted on the Molard. The Savoyards were much superior in number, and their leaders were determined to do everything to recover their honor and crush liberty in Geneva. The Swiss did not hesitate; they moved forward and descended the hill to scatter81 their enemies once more. The struggle was about to be renewed. Could these famished91 and exhausted men sustain the shock of soldiers burning with desire to avenge92 the deaths of their comrades?
That was the question: a few hours would probably answer it; but an unexpected circumstance occurred to give a new turn to affairs.
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1 auxiliaries | |
n.助动词 ( auxiliary的名词复数 );辅助工,辅助人员 | |
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2 promptly | |
adv.及时地,敏捷地 | |
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3 distress | |
n.苦恼,痛苦,不舒适;不幸;vt.使悲痛 | |
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4 descend | |
vt./vi.传下来,下来,下降 | |
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5 entirely | |
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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6 precipices | |
n.悬崖,峭壁( precipice的名词复数 ) | |
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7 corps | |
n.(通信等兵种的)部队;(同类作的)一组 | |
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8 beleaguered | |
adj.受到围困[围攻]的;包围的v.围攻( beleaguer的过去式和过去分词);困扰;骚扰 | |
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9 labor | |
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦 | |
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10 winding | |
n.绕,缠,绕组,线圈 | |
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11 descended | |
a.为...后裔的,出身于...的 | |
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12 flakes | |
小薄片( flake的名词复数 ); (尤指)碎片; 雪花; 古怪的人 | |
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13 mantle | |
n.斗篷,覆罩之物,罩子;v.罩住,覆盖,脸红 | |
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14 stature | |
n.(高度)水平,(高度)境界,身高,身材 | |
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15 fatigue | |
n.疲劳,劳累 | |
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16 fatigues | |
n.疲劳( fatigue的名词复数 );杂役;厌倦;(士兵穿的)工作服 | |
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17 fiery | |
adj.燃烧着的,火红的;暴躁的;激烈的 | |
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18 ardor | |
n.热情,狂热 | |
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19 bulwarks | |
n.堡垒( bulwark的名词复数 );保障;支柱;舷墙 | |
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20 monks | |
n.修道士,僧侣( monk的名词复数 ) | |
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21 appease | |
v.安抚,缓和,平息,满足 | |
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22 stimulated | |
a.刺激的 | |
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23 warriors | |
武士,勇士,战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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24 valiant | |
adj.勇敢的,英勇的;n.勇士,勇敢的人 | |
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25 victuals | |
n.食物;食品 | |
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26 determined | |
adj.坚定的;有决心的 | |
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27 fatigued | |
adj. 疲乏的 | |
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28 decided | |
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的 | |
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29 plunged | |
v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降 | |
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30 augury | |
n.预言,征兆,占卦 | |
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31 followers | |
追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件 | |
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32 repose | |
v.(使)休息;n.安息 | |
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33 narrative | |
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34 situated | |
adj.坐落在...的,处于某种境地的 | |
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35 admiration | |
n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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36 envoys | |
使节( envoy的名词复数 ); 公使; 谈判代表; 使节身份 | |
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37 diplomacy | |
n.外交;外交手腕,交际手腕 | |
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38 neutralize | |
v.使失效、抵消,使中和 | |
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39 exertions | |
n.努力( exertion的名词复数 );费力;(能力、权力等的)运用;行使 | |
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40 penetrating | |
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41 thickets | |
n.灌木丛( thicket的名词复数 );丛状物 | |
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42 galloped | |
(使马)飞奔,奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 ); 快速做[说]某事 | |
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43 imminent | |
adj.即将发生的,临近的,逼近的 | |
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44 gorges | |
n.山峡,峡谷( gorge的名词复数 );咽喉v.(用食物把自己)塞饱,填饱( gorge的第三人称单数 );作呕 | |
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45 bosom | |
n.胸,胸部;胸怀;内心;adj.亲密的 | |
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46 succor | |
n.援助,帮助;v.给予帮助 | |
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47 abreast | |
adv.并排地;跟上(时代)的步伐,与…并进地 | |
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48 refreshments | |
n.点心,便餐;(会议后的)简单茶点招 待 | |
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49 heresy | |
n.异端邪说;异教 | |
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50 extirpated | |
v.消灭,灭绝( extirpate的过去式和过去分词 );根除 | |
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51 descending | |
n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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52 contingent | |
adj.视条件而定的;n.一组,代表团,分遣队 | |
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53 devoted | |
adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的 | |
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54 detested | |
v.憎恶,嫌恶,痛恨( detest的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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55 stratagem | |
n.诡计,计谋 | |
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56 exhausted | |
adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的 | |
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57 cavalry | |
n.骑兵;轻装甲部队 | |
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58 infantry | |
n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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59 hesitation | |
n.犹豫,踌躇 | |
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60 muskets | |
n.火枪,(尤指)滑膛枪( musket的名词复数 ) | |
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61 exasperated | |
adj.恼怒的 | |
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62 frightful | |
adj.可怕的;讨厌的 | |
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63 fervent | |
adj.热的,热烈的,热情的 | |
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64 wielding | |
手持着使用(武器、工具等)( wield的现在分词 ); 具有; 运用(权力); 施加(影响) | |
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65 discomfiture | |
n.崩溃;大败;挫败;困惑 | |
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66 intrepidity | |
n.大胆,刚勇;大胆的行为 | |
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67 martial | |
adj.战争的,军事的,尚武的,威武的 | |
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68 skilful | |
(=skillful)adj.灵巧的,熟练的 | |
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69 knights | |
骑士; (中古时代的)武士( knight的名词复数 ); 骑士; 爵士; (国际象棋中)马 | |
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70 clergy | |
n.[总称]牧师,神职人员 | |
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71 courageously | |
ad.勇敢地,无畏地 | |
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72 avenging | |
adj.报仇的,复仇的v.为…复仇,报…之仇( avenge的现在分词 );为…报复 | |
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73 strife | |
n.争吵,冲突,倾轧,竞争 | |
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74 pointed | |
adj.尖的,直截了当的 | |
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75 perfidy | |
n.背信弃义,不忠贞 | |
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76 baron | |
n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王 | |
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77 shamefully | |
可耻地; 丢脸地; 不体面地; 羞耻地 | |
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78 perfidious | |
adj.不忠的,背信弃义的 | |
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79 mound | |
n.土墩,堤,小山;v.筑堤,用土堆防卫 | |
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80 piously | |
adv.虔诚地 | |
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81 scatter | |
vt.撒,驱散,散开;散布/播;vi.分散,消散 | |
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82 scattered | |
adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的 | |
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83 corpses | |
n.死尸,尸体( corpse的名词复数 ) | |
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84 animated | |
adj.生气勃勃的,活跃的,愉快的 | |
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85 joyful | |
adj.欢乐的,令人欢欣的 | |
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86 raved | |
v.胡言乱语( rave的过去式和过去分词 );愤怒地说;咆哮;痴心地说 | |
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87 pricking | |
刺,刺痕,刺痛感 | |
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88 commotion | |
n.骚动,动乱 | |
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89 intervals | |
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 | |
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90 battalion | |
n.营;部队;大队(的人) | |
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91 famished | |
adj.饥饿的 | |
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92 avenge | |
v.为...复仇,为...报仇 | |
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