In Which The Extremes Are Presented
WHILE the gloomy prospect1 we have just presented hovered2 over Marston's plantation3, proceedings4 of no minor6 importance, and having reference to this particular case, are going on in and about the city. Maxwell, moved by Clotilda's implorings, had promised to gain her freedom for her; but he knew the penalty, feared the result of a failure, and had hesitated to make the attempt. The consequences were upon him, he saw the want of prompt action, and regretted that the time for carrying his resolution into effect had passed. The result harassed8 him; he saw this daughter of misfortune, on her bended knees, breathing a prayer to Omnipotence9 for the deliverance of her child; he remembered her appeal to him, imploring7 him to deliver her from the grasp of slavery, from that licentiousness10 which the female slave is compelled to bear. He saw her confiding12 in him as a deliverer,--the sight haunted him unto madness! Her child! her child! Yes, that offspring in which her hopes were centered! For it she pleaded and pleaded; for it she offered to sacrifice her own happiness; for it she invoked13 the all-protecting hand. That child, doomed14 to a life of chattel16 misery17; to serve the lusts18 of modern barbarism in a country where freedom and civilization sound praises from ocean to ocean; to be obscured in the darkness and cruelty of an institution in which justice is scoffed19, where distress20 has no listeners, and the trap-keepers of men's souls scorn to make honest recompense while human flesh and blood are weighed in the scale of dollars and cents! He trembles before the sad picture; remonstrances21 and entreaties22 from him will be in vain; nor can he seize them and carry them off. His life might be forfeited23 in the attempt, even were they without prison walls. No! it is almost hopeless. In the narrow confines of a securely grated cell, where thoughts and anxieties waste the soul in disappointment, and where hopes only come and go to spread time with grief, he could only see her and her child as they suffered. The spectacle had no charm; and those who carried them into captivity24 for the satisfaction of paltry25 debts could not be made to divest26 themselves of the self in nature. Cries and sobs27 were nothing,--such were poor stock for "niggers" to have; pains and anxieties were at a discount, chivalry28 proclaimed its rule, and nothing was thought well of that lessened29 the market value of body and soul. Among great, generous, hospitable30, and chivalrous31 men, such things could only be weighed in the common scale of trade.
Again, Maxwell remembered that Marston had unfolded his troubles to him, and being a mere32 stranger the confidence warranted mutual33 reciprocity. If it were merely an act dictated34 by the impulse of his feelings at that moment, the secret was now laid broadly open. He was father of the children, and, sensible of their critical situation, the sting was goading35 him to their rescue. The question was-would he interpose and declare them as such? Ah, he forgot it was not the father's assertion,--it was the law. The crime of being property was inherited from the mother. Acknowledging them his children would neither satisfy law nor the creditors36. What honourable38-we except the modernly chivalrous-man would see his children jostled by the ruffian trader? What man, with feelings less sensitive than iron, would see his child sold to the man-vender for purposes so impious that heaven and earth frowned upon them? And yet the scene was no uncommon40 one; slavery affords the medium, and men, laying their hearts aside, make it serve their pockets. Those whom it would insult to call less than gentlemen have covered their scruples41 with the law, while consigning42 their own offspring to the hand of an auctioneer. Man property is subvervient material,--woman is even more; for where her virtue43 forms its tissues, and can be sold, the issue is indeed deplorable. Again, where vice44 is made a pleasure, and the offspring of it become a burden on our hands, slavery affords the most convenient medium of getting rid of the incumbrance. They sell it, perhaps profitably, and console themselves with the happy recollection of what a great thing it is to live in a free country, where one may get rid of such things profitably. It may save our shame in the eyes of man, but God sees all,--records the wrong!
Thus Maxwell contemplated45 the prospects46 before him. At length he resolved to visit Marston upon his plantation, impress him with the necessity of asserting their freedom, in order to save them from being sold with the effects of the estate.
He visits Marston's mansion,--finds the picture sadly changed; his generous friend, who has entertained him so hospitably47, sits in a little ante-chamber, pensively48, as if something of importance has absorbed his attention. No well-dressed servants welcome him with their smiles and grimaces49; no Franconia greets him with her vivacity50, her pleasing conversation, her frankness and fondness for the old servants. No table is decked out with the viands51 of the season-Marston's viands have turned into troubles,--loneliness reigns52 throughout. It is night, and nothing but the dull sound of the keeper's tread breaks the silence. His (Maxwell's) mission is a delicate one. It may be construed53 as intrusive54, he thinks. But its importance outweighs55 the doubt, and, though he approaches with caution, is received with that embrace of friendship which a gentleman can claim as his own when he feels the justice of the mission of him who approaches, even though its tenor56 be painful. Maxwell hesitated for a few moments, looked silently upon the scene. Trouble had already left its prints of sadness upon Marston's countenance57; the past, full of happy associations, floated in his mind; the future--ah! that was--. Happily, at that moment, he had been contemplating58 the means by which he could save Clotilda and the children. He rises, approaches Maxwell, hands him a chair, listens to his proposal. "If I can assist you, we will save them," concludes Maxwell.
"That," he replies, doubtingly, "my good friend, has engaged my thoughts by night and day--has made me most uneasy. Misfortune likes sympathy; your words are as soothing60 as praiseworthy. I will defend my children if every creditor37 call me swindler. I will destroy the infernal bill of sale,--I will crush the hell-born paper that gives life to deeds so bloody,--I will free them from the shame!" Thus, his feelings excited to the uttermost, he rises from his seat, approaches a cupboard, draws forth61 the small trunk we have before described, unlocks it. "That fatal document is here, I put it here, I will destroy it now; I will save them through its destruction. There shall be no evidence of Clotilda's mother being a slave, oh no!" he mutters rapidly, running his fingers over packages, papers, and documents. Again he glances vacantly over the whole file, examining paper after paper, carefully. He looks in vain. It is not there; there is no document so fatal. Sharper men have taken better care of it. "It is not here!" he whispers, his countenance becoming pallid63 and death-like. "Not here!"-and they will swear to suit their purposes. Oaths are only worth what they bring in the market, among slave dealers64. But, who can have taken it?" he continues, looking wildly at Maxwell. Consternation65 is pictured on his countenance; he feels there is intrigue66 at work, and that the want of that paper will prove fatal to his resolution. A man in trouble always confides67 in others, sometimes those whom he would scarce have trusted before. He throws the paper aside, takes a seat at Maxwell's side, grasps him by the hand, saying, "My friend! save them! save them! save them! Use what stratagem69 you please; make it the experiment of your life. Consummate70 it, and a penitent's prayer will bless you! I see the impending71 catastrophe-"
"We may do without it; be quiet. Let your feelings calm. I have consulted Franconia on the same subject. Woman can do much if she will; and she has promised me she will. My knowledge of her womanly nature tells me she will be true to Clotilda!" Maxwell speaks assuringly, and his words seem as balm to a wounded spirit.
The bill of sale was among the things intended for a more profitable use. Marston has satisfied Graspum's claim; but he knew that slavery deadened the sensibilities of men. Yet, could it have so deadened Graspum's feeling that he would have been found in a plot against him? No! he could not believe it. He would not look for foul72 play from that quarter. It might have been mislaid-if lost, all the better. A second thought, and he begins to quiet himself with the belief that it had become extinct; that, there not being evidence to prove them property, his word would be sufficient to procure73 their release. Somewhat relieved of the force of parental74 anxiety-we can call it by no other name-the troubled planter, with his troubles inherited, promises Maxwell, who has postponed75 his departure that he may aid in saving Clotilda and her child, that he will proceed direct to the sheriff's office, give notice of their freedom to that functionary76, and forbid the sale. Upon this resolution they part for the night, and on the following morning, Marston, sick at heart, leaves for the city, hoping to make arrangements with his attorney, who will serve notice of freedom with all the expense and legality of form.
The reader will excuse us for passing over many things of minor importance which take place during the progress of arrangements between Marston and the attorney, Mr. Dyson--commonly called Thomas Dyson, Esq., wonderfully clever in the practice of slave law--and proceeding5 to where we find the notice formally served. The document forbids the sale of certain persons, physically77 and mentally described, according to the nicest rules of law and tenour of trade; and is, with the dignity of legal proceedings, served on the honourable sheriff. We give a portion of it, for those who are not informed on such curious matters: it runs thus:--"'The girl Clotilda-aged59 27 years; her child Annette-aged 7 years, and a remarkable78 boy, Nicholas, 6 years old, all negroes, levied79 upon at the suit of--, to satisfy a fi fa issued from the--, and set forth to be the property of Hugh Marston of--, &c. &c.;'" as set forth in the writ80 of attachment81. Thus runs the curious law, based on privilege, not principle.
The document served on the sheriff, Marston resolved to remain a few days in the city and watch its effect. The sheriff, who is seldom supposed to evince sympathy in his duties, conforms with the ordinary routine of law in nigger cases; and, in his turn, gives notice to the plaintiff, who is required to enter security for the purpose of testing the point of freedom. Freedom here is a slender commodity; it can be sworn away for a small compensation. Mr. Anthony Romescos has peculiar82 talent that way, and his services are always in the market. The point, however, has not resolved itself into that peculiar position where it must be either a matter of compromise, or a question for the court and jury to decide.
If Marston, now sensible of his position as father of the children, will yield them a sacrifice to the man trader, it is in his power; the creditors will make it their profit. Who, then, can solve the perplexity for him? The custom of society, pointing the finger of shame, denies him the right to acknowledge them his children. Society has established the licentious11 wrong,--the law protects it, custom enforces it. He can only proceed by declaring the mother to be a free woman, and leaving the producing proof to convict her of being slave property to the plaintiff. In doing this, his judgment83 wars with his softer feelings. Custom--though it has nothing to give him-is goading him with its advice; it tells him to abandon the unfashionable, unpolite scheme. Natural laws have given birth to natural feelings--natural affections are stronger than bad laws. They burn with our nature,--they warm the gentle, inspire the noble, and awake the daring that lies unmoved until it be called into action for the rescue of those for whom our affections have taken life.
Things had arrived at that particular point where law-lovers-we mean lawyers-look on with happy consciences and pleasing expectations; that is, they had arrived at that certain hinge of slave law the turn of which sends men, women, and children, into the vortex of slavery, where their hopes are for ever crushed. One day Marston had strong hopes of saving them; but his hopes vanished on the next. The fair creature, by him made a wretch84, seemed before him, on her bended knees, clasping his hand while imploring him to save her child. The very thought would have doubly nerved him to action; and yet, what mattered such action against the force of slavery injustice85? All his exertions86, all his pleadings, all his protestations, in a land where liberty boasts its greatness, would sink to nothing under the power he had placed in their possession for his overthrow87.
With this fatal scene before him, this indecision, he walked the streets, resolving and re-resolving, weighing and re-weighing the consequences, hoping without a chance for hope. He would be a father as he has been a kind master; but the law says, no! no! Society forbids right, the law crushes justice,--the justice of heaven! Marston is like one driven from his home, from the scene of his happy childhood, upon which he can now only look back to make the present more painful. He has fallen from the full flow of pleasure and wealth to the low ebb88 of poverty clothed in suspicion; he is homeless, and fast becoming friendless. A few days after, as he takes his morning walk, he is pointed89 to the painful fact, made known through certain legal documents, posted at certain corners of streets, that his "negro property" is advertised for sale by the sheriff. He fears his legal notice has done little legal good, except to the legal gentlemen who receive the costs. He retires to a saloon, finds the morning paper, commences glancing over its legal columns. The waiter is surprised to see him at that hour, is ignorant of the war of trouble that is waging within him, knows him only as a great man, a rice planter of wealth in negroes, treats him with becoming civility, and enquires90, with a polite bow, what he will be served with. He wants nothing that will supply the physical man. He has supped on trouble,--the following, painful as it is, will serve him for breakfast; it meets his eye as he traces down the column:--"SHERIFF'S SALE.
"According to former notice, will be sold on the first Tuesday in September next, between the usual hours of sale, before the Court House door, in this city, the following property-to wit!
"Three yoke91 of prime oxen, and four carts.
"Seven horses; two of celebrated92 breed.
"Twenty-two mules93, together with sundry94 other effects as per previous schedule, which will be produced at the sale, when the property will be pointed out. The said being levied on as the property of Hugh Marston, of--District, and sold to satisfy a fi fa issued from the Superior Court, W. W. C--.
"Also the following gang of negroes, many of whom have been accustomed to the cultivation95 of cotton and rice. Said negroes are very prime and orderly, having been well trained and fed, in addition to enjoying the benefit of Christian96 teaching through a Sunday-school worship on the plantation.
"Dandy, and Enock (yellow), prime house servants.
"Choate, and Cato, aged 29 and 32, coachman and blacksmith.
"Harry97, a prime fellow of remarkable sagacity, said to be very pious39, and has been very valuable as a preacher.
"Seventeen prime field hands, ranging from 17 to 63 years old, together with sundry children, set forth in the schedule.
"Peggy, aged 23 years, an excellent cook, house servant-can do almost any work, is faithful and strictly98 honest.
"Rachel, one of the very best wenches in the County; has had charge of the Manor99 for several years, is very motherly and well disposed, and fully62 capable of taking charge of a plantation."
The description of the negro property continues until it reaches the last and most touching100 point, which Marston reads with tears coursing down his cheeks. But, it is only trade, and it is refreshing101 to see how much talent the auctionee-himself a distinguished102 politician,--exhibits in displaying his bill. It is that which has worked itself so deep into Marston's feelings.
"Clotilda, a white negro, and her child Annette; together with Nicholas--a bright boy," remarkably103 intelligent-six years old. "These last," adds the list, "have been well brought up, with great care, and are extremely promising104 and pleasant when speaking. The woman has superior looks, is sometimes called beautiful, has finely developed features, and is considered to be the handsomest bright woman in the county."
We acknowledge the italics to be ours. The list, displaying great competency in the trade of human beings, concludes with warranting them sound and healthy, informing all those in want of such property of the wonderful opportunity of purchasing, and offering to guarantee its qualities. The above being "levied on to satisfy three fi fas," &c. &c.
Poor Clotilda! her beauty has betrayed her: her mother was made a slave, and she has inherited the sin which the enlightened of the western world say shall be handed down from generation to generation until time itself has an end. She is within the damp walls of a narrow cell; the cold stones give forth their moisture to chill her bleeding heart; the rust68 of oppression cuts into her very soul. The warm sunlight of heaven, once so cheering, has now turned black and cold to her. She sits in that cold confine, filled with sorrow, hope, and expectation, awaiting her doom15, like a culprit who measures the chances of escape between him and the gallows105. She thinks of Marston. "He was a kind friend to me-he was a good master," she says, little thinking that at that very moment he sits in the saloon reading that southern death-warrant which dooms106 so many to a life of woe107. In it fathers were not mentioned-Marston's feelings were spared that pain; mothers' tears, too, were omitted, lest the sensitiveness of the fashionable world should be touched. Pained, and sick at heart-stung by remorse108 at finding himself without power to relieve Clotilda-he rises from his seat, and makes arrangement to return to his plantation.
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prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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hovered
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| 鸟( hover的过去式和过去分词 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫 | |
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plantation
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| n.种植园，大农场 | |
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proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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imploring
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| 恳求的，哀求的 | |
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harassed
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| adj. 疲倦的，厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词 | |
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omnipotence
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| n.全能，万能，无限威力 | |
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licentiousness
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| n.放肆，无法无天 | |
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licentious
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| adj.放纵的，淫乱的 | |
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confiding
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| adj.相信人的，易于相信的v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的现在分词 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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invoked
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| v.援引( invoke的过去式和过去分词 )；行使（权利等）；祈求救助；恳求 | |
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doomed
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| 命定的 | |
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doom
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| n.厄运，劫数；v.注定，命定 | |
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chattel
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| n.动产；奴隶 | |
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misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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lusts
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| 贪求（lust的第三人称单数形式） | |
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scoffed
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| 嘲笑，嘲弄( scoff的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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remonstrances
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entreaties
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forfeited
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| （因违反协议、犯规、受罚等）丧失，失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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captivity
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| n.囚禁；被俘；束缚 | |
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paltry
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| adj.无价值的，微不足道的 | |
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divest
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sobs
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| 啜泣（声），呜咽（声）( sob的名词复数 ) | |
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chivalry
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| n.骑士气概，侠义；（男人）对女人彬彬有礼，献殷勤 | |
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lessened
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| 减少的，减弱的 | |
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hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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chivalrous
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| adj.武士精神的；对女人彬彬有礼的 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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dictated
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| v.大声讲或读( dictate的过去式和过去分词 )；口授；支配；摆布 | |
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goading
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| v.刺激( goad的现在分词 )；激励；（用尖棒）驱赶；驱使（或怂恿、刺激）某人 | |
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creditors
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| n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 ) | |
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creditor
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| n.债仅人，债主，贷方 | |
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honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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uncommon
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| adj.罕见的，非凡的，不平常的 | |
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scruples
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| n.良心上的不安( scruple的名词复数 )；顾虑，顾忌v.感到于心不安，有顾忌( scruple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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consigning
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| v.把…置于（令人不快的境地）( consign的现在分词 )；把…托付给；把…托人代售；丟弃 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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contemplated
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| adj. 预期的 动词contemplate的过去分词形式 | |
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prospects
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| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
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hospitably
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| 亲切地，招待周到地，善于款待地 | |
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pensively
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| adv.沉思地，焦虑地 | |
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grimaces
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| n.（表蔑视、厌恶等）面部扭曲，鬼脸( grimace的名词复数 )v.扮鬼相，做鬼脸( grimace的第三人称单数 ) | |
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vivacity
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| n.快活，活泼，精神充沛 | |
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viands
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| n.食品，食物 | |
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reigns
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| n.君主的统治( reign的名词复数 )；君主统治时期；任期；当政期 | |
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construed
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| v.解释（陈述、行为等）( construe的过去式和过去分词 )；翻译，作句法分析 | |
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intrusive
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| adj.打搅的；侵扰的 | |
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outweighs
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| v.在重量上超过( outweigh的第三人称单数 )；在重要性或价值方面超过 | |
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tenor
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| n.男高音（歌手），次中音（乐器），要旨，大意 | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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contemplating
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| 深思，细想，仔细考虑( contemplate的现在分词 )； 注视，凝视； 考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）； 深思熟虑，沉思，苦思冥想 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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60
soothing
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| adj.慰藉的；使人宽心的；镇静的 | |
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61
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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pallid
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| adj.苍白的，呆板的 | |
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dealers
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| n.商人( dealer的名词复数 )；贩毒者；毒品贩子；发牌者 | |
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65
consternation
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| n.大为吃惊，惊骇 | |
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intrigue
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| vt.激起兴趣，迷住；vi.耍阴谋；n.阴谋，密谋 | |
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67
confides
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| v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的第三人称单数 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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68
rust
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| n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退 | |
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stratagem
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| n.诡计，计谋 | |
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70
consummate
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| adj.完美的；v.成婚；使完美 [反]baffle | |
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impending
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| a.imminent, about to come or happen | |
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72
foul
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| adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规 | |
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73
procure
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| vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条 | |
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parental
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| adj.父母的；父的；母的 | |
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postponed
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| vt.& vi.延期，缓办，（使）延迟vt.把…放在次要地位；[语]把…放在后面（或句尾）vi.（疟疾等）延缓发作（或复发） | |
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76
functionary
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| n.官员；公职人员 | |
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physically
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| adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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levied
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| 征（兵）( levy的过去式和过去分词 )； 索取； 发动（战争）； 征税 | |
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writ
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| n.命令状，书面命令 | |
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attachment
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| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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84
wretch
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| n.可怜的人，不幸的人；卑鄙的人 | |
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injustice
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| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
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exertions
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| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使 | |
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overthrow
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| v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆 | |
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88
ebb
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| vi.衰退，减退；n.处于低潮，处于衰退状态 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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90
enquires
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| 打听( enquire的第三人称单数 )； 询问； 问问题； 查问 | |
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yoke
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| n.轭；支配；v.给...上轭，连接，使成配偶 | |
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celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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mules
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| 骡( mule的名词复数 )； 拖鞋； 顽固的人； 越境运毒者 | |
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sundry
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| adj.各式各样的，种种的 | |
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95
cultivation
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| n.耕作，培养，栽培（法），养成 | |
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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harry
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| vt.掠夺，蹂躏，使苦恼 | |
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strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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99
manor
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| n.庄园，领地 | |
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100
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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101
refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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102
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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103
remarkably
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| ad.不同寻常地，相当地 | |
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104
promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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105
gallows
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| n.绞刑架，绞台 | |
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106
dooms
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| v.注定( doom的第三人称单数 )；判定；使…的失败（或灭亡、毁灭、坏结局）成为必然；宣判 | |
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107
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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108
remorse
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| n.痛恨，悔恨，自责 | |
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