How We Manufacture Political Faith
MR. M'FADDEN enters the tavern1, which presents one of those grotesque2 scenes so peculiarly southern, almost impossible for the reader to imagine, and scarcely less for pen to describe. In and around the verandas4 are numerous armchairs, occupied by the fashionable portion of the political material, who, dressed in extreme profuseness5, are displaying their extraordinary distinctions in jewellery of heavy seals and long dangling6 chains. Some are young men who have enjoyed the advantage of a liberal education, which they now turn into the more genial7 duty of ornamenting8 themselves. They have spent much time and many valuable cosmetics9 on their heads, all of which is very satisfactorily repaid by the smoothness of their hair. Their pleasure never penetrated10 beyond this; they ask no more.
They ask but little of the world, and are discussing the all-important question, whether Colonel Mophany or General Vandart will get the more votes at the polls. So they smoke and harangue11, and drink and swear, and with inimitable provincialisms fill up the clattering12 music. There is a fascinating piquancy13 in the strange slang and conversational14 intermixture. It is a great day at the crossing; the political sediment15 has reduced all men to one grade, one harmonious16 whole, niggers excepted. Spirits that cannot flow one way must flow another.
In an adjoining room sit the two candidates-gentlemen of high distinction-for the votes of the sovereign people. Through those sovereign rights they will satisfy their yearning17 desire to reach the very high position of member of the general assembly. Anxiety is pictured on their very countenances19; it is the fruit of care when men travel the road to distinction without finding it. They are well dressed, and would be modest, if modesty20 were worth its having in such an atmosphere. Indeed, they might have been taken for men with other motives21 than those of gaining office by wallowing in a political quagmire22 reeking23 with democratic filth24. Courteous25 to each other, they sit at a large table containing long slips of paper, each candidate's sentiments printed thereon. As each voter--good fellow that he is--enters the room, one or the other candidate reaches out his hand to welcome him, and, as a sequel, hands him his slip, making the politest bow. Much is said about the prospects26 of the South, and much more that is very acceptable to those about to do the drinking part of the scene.
Both candidates are very ambitious men; both profess27 to be the people's champion-the sovereign people-the dear people-the noble-hearted people-the iron-handed, unbribable, unterrified democracy-the people from whom all power springs. The never-flinching, unterrified, irresistible28 democracy are smothered29 with encomiums of praise, sounding from all parts of the room. Mr. Lawrence M'Fadden is ushered30 into the room to the great joy of his friends: being a very great man among the loyal voters, his appearance produces great excitement.
Several friends of the candidates, working for their favourites, are making themselves very humble31 in their behalf. Although there is little care for maintaining any fundamental principle of government that does not serve his own pocket, Mr. M'Fadden can and will control a large number of votes, do a deal of knocking down at the polls, and bring up first-rate fighting men to do the keeping away the opposite's constituents32. Thus our man, who has lately been bought as preacher, is most useful in this our little democratic world.
Some two or three hundred persons have collected near a clump33 of trees on the lawn, and are divided into knots intermixed with ruffian-looking desperadoes, dressed most coarsely and fantastically. They are pitting their men, after the fashion of good horses; then they boldly draw forth34 and expose the minor35 delinquencies of opposing candidates. Among them are the "Saw- piters," who affect an air of dignity, and scout36 the planter's offer of work so long as a herring runs the river; the "piny woods-man," of great independence while rabbits are found in the woods, and he can wander over the barren unrestrained; and the "Wire-Grass-Men;" and the Crackers37,
Singular species of gypsies, found throughout the State. who live anywhere and everywhere, and whom the government delights to keep in ignorance, while declaring it much better they were enslaved. The State possesses many thousands of these people; but few of them can read, while never having written a stroke in their lives is a boast. Continually armed with double-barrel guns, to hunt the panting buck39 is one of their sports; to torture a runaway40 negro is another; to make free with a planter's corn field is the very best. The reader may imagine this picture of lean, craven faces-unshaven and made fiercely repulsive41 by their small, treacherous42 eyes, if he can. It can only be seen in these our happy slave states of our happy Union.
The time draws near when the candidates will come forward, address the sovereign constituency, and declare their free and open principles-their love of liberal governments, and their undying affection for the great truths of democracy. The scene, as the time approaches, becomes more and more animated43. All are armed to the teeth, with the symbol of honour--something so called--beneath their coarse doublets, or in the waistbands of their pantaloons. The group evinces so much excitement that belligerents44 are well nigh coming to blows; in fact, peace is only preserved by the timely appearance of the landlord, who proclaims that unless order be preserved until after the candidates have addressed them, the next barrel of whiskey will positively45 "not be tapped." He could not use a more effectual argument. Mr. M'Fadden, who exercises great authority over the minions46 under him, at this announcement mounts the top of an empty whiskey barrel, and declares he will whip the "whole crowd," if they do not cease to wage their political arguments.
While the above cursory47 remarks and party sparrings are going on, some forty negroes are seen busily employed preparing the indispensable adjuncts of the occasion-the meats. Here, beneath the clump of trees, a few yards from the grocery and justices' office, the candidates' tables are being spread with cold meats, crackers, bread and cheese, cigars, &c., &c. As soon as the gentlemen candidates have delivered themselves of their sentiments, two barrels of real "straight-back" whiskey will be added.
"This is the way we puts our candidate through, down south, ye see, fellers, voters: it's we what's the bone and siners o' the rights o' the south. It's we what's got t' take the slow-coach politics out o' the hands o' them ar' old harristocrats what don't think them ar' northern abolitionists han't goin to do nothin. It's we, fellow citizens, what puts southern-rights principles clean through; it's we what puts them ar' old Union haristocrats, what spiles all the nigger property, into the straight up way o' doing things! Now, feller voters, free and independent citizens-freemen who have fought for freedom,--you, whose old, grey-headed fathers died for freedom! it takes you t' know what sort a thing freedom is; and how to enjoy it so niggers can't take it away from you! I'ze lived north way, know how it is! Yer jist the chaps to put niggers straight,--to vote for my man, Colonel Mohpany," Mr. M'Fadden cries out at the very top of his voice, as he comes rushing out of the tavern, edging his way through the crowd, followed by the two candidates. The gentlemen look anxiously good-natured; they walk together to the rostrum, followed by a crowd, measuring their way to the assembly through the darling affections of our free and independent voters. Gossamer49 citizenship50, this!
As they reach the rostrum, a carriage is seen in the distance, approaching in great haste. All attention being directed to it, the first candidate, Colonel Mohpany, mounts the stump51, places his right hand in his bosom52, and pauses as if to learn who it brings. To the happy consolation53 of Mr. M'Fadden and his friends, it bears Mr. Scranton the philosopher. Poor Mr. Scranton looks quite worn out with anxiety; he has come all the way from the city, prepared with the very best kind of a southern-rights speech, to relieve his friend, General Vardant, who is not accustomed to public declamation54. The General is a cunning fellow, fears the stump accomplishments55 of his antagonist56, and has secured the valuable services of philosopher Scranton. Mr. S. will tell the constituency, in very logical phraseology,--making the language suit the sentiments of his friends,--what principles must be maintained; how the General depends upon the soundness of their judgment57 to sustain him; how they are the bone and sinews of the great political power of the South; how their hard, uncontrastable appearance, and their garments of similar primitiveness59, are emblematic60 of the iron firmness of their democracy. Mr. Scranton will further assure them that their democracy is founded on that very accommodating sort of freedom which will be sure to keep all persons of doubtful colour in slavery.
Mr. Scranton arrives, receives the congratulations of his friends, gets the negroes to brush him down,--for it is difficult to distinguish him from a pillar of dust, save that we have his modest eyes for assurances-takes a few glasses of moderate mixture, and coolly collects his ideas. The mixture will bring out Mr. Scranton's philosophical61 facts: and, now that he has got his face and beard cleanly washed, he will proceed to the stand. Here he is received with loud cheering; the gentleman is a great man, all the way from the city. Sitting on a chair he is sorry was made at the north, he exhibits a deal of method in taking from his pocket a long cedar62 pencil, with which he will make notes of all Colonel Mohpany's loose points.
The reader, we feel assured, will excuse us for not following Colonel Mohpany through his speech, so laudatory63 of the patriotism64 of his friends, so much interrupted by applause. The warm manner in which his conclusion is received assures him that he now is the most popular man in the State. Mr. Scranton, armed with his usually melancholy65 countenance18, rises to the stump, makes his modestly political bow, offers many impressive apologies for the unprepared state in which he finds himself, informs his hearers that he appears before them only as a substitute for his very intimate and particular friend, General Vardant. He, too, has a wonderful prolixity66 of compliments to bestow67 upon the free, the patriotic68, the independent voters of the very independent district. He tries to be facetious69; but his temperament70 will not admit of any inconsistencies, not even in a political contest. No! he must be serious; because the election of a candidate to so high an office is a serious affair. So he will tell the "Saw-pit men" a great deal about their noble sires; how they lived and died for liberty; how the tombstones of immortality71 are emblazoned with the fame of their glorious deeds. And he will tell these glorious squatters what inalienable rights they possess; how they must be maintained; and how they have always been first to maintain the principle of keeping "niggers" in their places, and resisting those mischievous72 propagators of northern villainy-abolitionists. He will tell the deep-thinking saw-pit voters how it has been charged against them that they were only independent once a year, and that was when herrings run up the Santee river. Such a gross slander73 Mr. Scranton declares to be the most impious. They were always independent; and, if they were poor, and preferred to habit themselves in primitive58 garbs74, it was only because they preferred to be honest! This, Mr. Scranton, the northern philosopher, asserts with great emphasis. Yes! they are honest; and honest patriots75 are always better than rich traitors76. From the san-pit men, Mr. Scranton, his face distended77 with eloquence78, turns to his cracker38 and "wire-grass" friends, upon whom he bestows79 most piercing compliments. Their lean mules-the speaker laughs at his own wit-and pioneer waggons80 always remind him of the good old times, when he was a boy, and everybody was so honest it was unnecessary even to have such useless finery as people put on at the present day. A word or two, very derogatory of the anti-slavery people, is received with deafening81 applause. Of the descendants of the Huguenots he says but little; they are few, rich, and very unpopular in this part of the little sovereign state. And he quite forgot to tell this unlettered mass of a sovereign constituency the true cause of their poverty and degradation83. Mr. Scranton, however, in one particular point, which is a vital one to the slave-ocracy, differs with the ungovernable Romescos,--he would not burn all common schools, nor scout all such trash as schoolmasters.
In another part of Mr. Scranton's speech he enjoins84 them to be staunch supporters of men known to be firm to the south, and who would blow up every yankee who came south, and refused to declare his sentiments to be for concession85. "You!"-he points round him to the grotesque crowd-"were first to take a stand and keep niggers down; to keep them where they can't turn round and enslave you! Great Britain, fell ercitizens,"-Mr. Scranton begins to wax warm; he adjusts his coat sleeves, and draws himself into a tragic86 attitude as he takes his tobacco from his mouth, seemingly unconscious of his own enthusiasm-I say Great Britain-" A sudden interruption is caused. Mr. Scranton's muddled87 quid, thrown with such violence, has bedaubed the cheek of an admiring saw-pitter, whose mind was completely absorbed in his eloquence. He was listening with breathless suspense88, and only saved its admission in his capacious mouth by closing it a few seconds before.
"Sarved him just right; keep on, Colonel!" exclaims Mr. M'Fadden. He takes the man by the arm, pushes him aside, and makes a slight bow to Mr. Scranton. He would have him go on.
"Great Britain-feller citizens, I say-was first to commence the warfare89 against nigger slavery; and now she is joining the north to seek its permanent overthrow90. She is a monster tyrant91 wherever she sets her foot-I say! (Three cheers for that.) She contributed to fasten the curse upon us; and now she wants to destroy us by taking it away according to the measures of the northern abolitionists-fanaticism! Whatever the old school southerner neglects to do for the preservation92 of the peculiar3 institution, we must do for him! And we, who have lived at the north, can, with your independent support, put the whole thing through a course of political crooks93." Again Mr. Scranton pauses; surveys his assembly of free and independent citizens.
"That we can: I knows what fanatics94 down east be!" rejoins Mr. M'Fadden, shaking his head very knowingly. He laughs with an air of great satisfaction, as much as to say that, with such northern philosophers to do the championism of slavery in the south, all the commercial relations for which northern merchants are under so many obligations to slave-labour, will be perfectly95 safe. But Mr. Scranton has drawn96 out his speech to such an uncommon97 length, that the loquacious98 M'Fadden is becoming decidedly wearied. His eyes begin to glow languid, and the lids to close,--and now he nods assent99 to all Mr. Scranton's sayings, which singularly attracts the attention of that orator100's hearers. The orator becomes very much annoyed at this, suddenly stops-begs Mr. M'Fadden will postpone101 his repose102. This, from so great a man as Mr. Scranton, is accepted as provokingly witty103. Mr. M'Fadden laughs; and they all laugh. The gentleman will continue his speech.
"The South must come out; must establish free trade, direct trade,--trade that will free her from her disreputable association with the North. She can do it!" Mr. Scranton wipes his forehead with his white pocket-handkerchief.
"Ain't we deeply indebted to the North?" a voice in the crowd cries out.
"Well! what if we are? Can't we offset104 the debts on the principles of war? Let it go against the injury of abolition48 excitements!" Mr. Scranton makes a theatrical105 flourish with his right hand, and runs the fingers of his left through his crispy hair, setting it on end like quills106 on a porcupine's back. Three long and loud cheers follow, and the gentleman is involuntarily compelled to laugh at his own singular sayings. "The South must hold conventions; she must enforce constitutional guarantees; she must plant herself in the federal capital, and plead her cause at the bar of the world. She will get a hearing there! And she must supplant107 that dangerous engine of abolition, now waging war against our property, our rights, our social system." Thus concluding, Mr. Scranton sits down, very much fatigued108 from his mental effervescence, yet much lighter109 from having relieved himself of his speech, amidst a storm of applause. Such a throwing up of hats and slouches, such jostling, abetting110, and haranguing111 upon the merits of the candidates, their speeches and their sentiments, never was heard or seen before.
Mine host now mounts the stand to make the welcome announcement, that, the speeches being over, the eating entertainments are ready. He hopes the friends of the candidates will repair to the tables, and help themselves without stint112 or restraint. As they are on the point of rushing upon the tables, Colonel Mohpany suddenly jumps up, and arrests the progress of the group by intimating that he has one word more to say. That word is, his desire to inform the bone and sinew of the constituency that his opponent belongs to a party which once declared in the Assembly that they-the very men who stand before him now-were a dangerous class unless reduced to slavery! The Colonel has scarcely delivered himself of this very clever charge, when the tables, a few yards distant, are surrounded by promiscuous113 friends and foes114, who help themselves after the fashion most advantageous115. All rules of etiquette116 are unceremoniously dispensed117 with,--he who can secure most is the best diplomatist. Many find their mouths so inadequate118 to the temptation of the feast, that they improve on Mr. Scranton's philosophy by making good use of their ample pockets. Believe us, reader, the entertainment is the essential part of the candidate's political virtue119, which must be measured according to the extent of his cold meats and very bad whiskey.
To carry out the strength of General Vardant's principles, several of his opponent's friends are busily employed in circulating a report that his barrel of whiskey has been "brought on" only half full. A grosser slander could not have been invented. But the report gains circulation so fast, that his meats and drinks are mischievously120 absorbed, and the demonstration121 of his unpopular position begins to be manifest. The candidates, unflinching in their efforts, mix with the medley123, have the benefit of the full exercise of free thought and action, hear various opinions upon "the Squire's chances," and listen to the chiming of high-sounding compliments. While this clanging of merry jargon124 is at its highest, as if by some magic influence Romescos makes his appearance, and immediately commences to pit sides with Mr. M'Fadden. With all Romescos' outlawry125, he is tenacious126 of his southern origin; and he will assert its rights against Mr. M'Fadden, whom he declares to be no better than a northern humbug127, taking advantage of southern institutions. To him all northerners are great vagabonds, having neither principles nor humanity in their composition; he makes the assertion emphatically, without fear or trembling; and he calls upon his friends to sustain him, that he may maintain the rights of the South. Those rights Romescos asserts, and re-asserts, can only be preserved by southern men-not by sneaking128 northerners, who, with their trade, pocket their souls. Northerners are great men for whitewashing129 their faces with pretence130! Romescos is received with considerable ?clat. He declares, independently, that Mr. Scranton too is no less a sheer humbug of the same stripe, and whose humbugging propensities131 make him the humble servant of the south so long as he can make a dollar by the bemeaning operation. His full and unmeasured appreciation132 of all this northern-southern independence is here given to the world for the world's good. And he wants the world to particularly understand, that the old southerner is the only independent man, the only true protector of humanity!
Romescos' sudden appearance, and the bold stand he takes against Mr. M'Fadden and his candidate, produce the utmost confusion; he being unpopular with the saw-pit men, with whom he once exhibited considerable dexterity133 in carrying off one of their number and putting the seal of slavery on him, they take sides against him. It is the Saw-pitters against Romescos and the Crackers. The spirits have flowed, and now the gods of our political power sway to and fro under most violent shocks. Many, being unable to keep a perpendicular134, are accusing each other of all sorts of misdeeds-of the misdeeds of their ancestors-of the specific crimes they committed-the punishments they suffered. From personalities135 of their own time they descend82 forth into jeering136 each other on matters of family frailty137, setting what their just deserts would have entitled them to receive. They continue in this strain of jargon for some time, until at length it becomes evident the storm of war is fast approaching a crisis. Mr. M'Fadden is mentally unprepared to meet this crisis, which Romescos will make to suit himself; and to this end the comical and somewhat tragical138 finale seems pretty well understood by the candidates and a few of the "swell-ocracy," who have assembled more to see the grand representation of physical power on the part of these free and enlightened citizens, than to partake of the feast or listen to the rhetoric139 of the speeches. In order to get a good view of the scene they have ascended140 trees, where, perched among their branches like so many jackals, they cheer and urge on the sport, as the nobility of Spain applaud a favourite champion of the ring. At length the opposing parties doff141 their hats and coats, draw knives, make threatening grimaces142, and twirl their steel in the air: their desperation is earnest; they make an onset143, charging with the bravado144 of men determined145 to sacrifice life. The very air resounds146 with their shouts of blasphemy147; blood flows from deep incisions148 of bowie-knives, garments are rent into shreds149; and men seem to have betaken themselves to personating the demons122.
Would that they were rational beings! would that they were men capable of constituting a power to protect the liberty of principle and the justice of law! Shout after shout goes up; tumult150 is triumphant151. Two fatal rencontres are announced, and Mr. Lawrence M'Fadden is dangerously wounded; he has a cut in the abdomen152. The poor victims attract but little attention; such little trifling153 affairs are very common, scarcely worth a word of commiseration154. One gentleman insinuates155 that the affair has been a desperately156 amusing one; another very coolly adds, that this political feed has had much more interest in it than any preceding one.
The victims are rolled in blankets, and laid away in the corn-shed; they will await the arrival of the coroner, who, the landlord says, it will be no more than right to send for. They are only two dead Crackers, however, and nobody doubts what the verdict will be. In truth-and it must be told once in a while, even in our atmosphere-the only loss is the two votes, which the candidate had already secured with his meat and drink, and which have now, he regrets, been returned to the box of death instead of his ballot157. Poor voters, now only fit to serve the vilest158 purpose! how degraded in the scale of human nature is the being, only worth a suffrance at elections, where votes cast from impulse control the balance of power. Such beings are worth just nothing; they would not sell in the market. The negro waiters say, "It don't make a bit of matter how much white rubbish like this is killed, it won't fetch a bid in the market; and when you sell it, it won't stay sold."
"Lose I dat way, Cato, might jist as well take tousand dollar straight out o' mas'r's pocket; but dese critters b'nt notin' nohow," says old Daniel, one of the servants, who knows the value of his own body quite well. Daniel exults159 as he looks upon the dead bodies he is assisting to deposit in the corn-shed.
Mr. M'Fadden is carefully borne into the tavern, where, after much difficulty, he is got up stairs and laid on a very nice bed, spread with snowy white linen160. A physician is called, and his wound dressed with all possible skill and attention. He is in great pain, however; begs his friends to bestow all care upon him, and save no expense.
Thus ends our political day. The process of making power to shape the social and political weal of our State, closes.
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tavern
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| n.小旅馆，客栈；小酒店 | |
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grotesque
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| adj.怪诞的，丑陋的；n.怪诞的图案，怪人（物） | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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verandas
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| 阳台，走廊( veranda的名词复数 ) | |
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profuseness
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| n.挥霍 | |
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dangling
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| 悬吊着( dangle的现在分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
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genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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ornamenting
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| v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的现在分词 ) | |
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cosmetics
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| n.化妆品 | |
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penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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harangue
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| n.慷慨冗长的训话，言辞激烈的讲话 | |
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clattering
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| 发出咔哒声（clatter的现在分词形式） | |
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piquancy
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| n.辛辣，辣味，痛快 | |
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conversational
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| adj.对话的，会话的 | |
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sediment
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| n.沉淀，沉渣，沉积(物) | |
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harmonious
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| adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的 | |
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yearning
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| a.渴望的；向往的；怀念的 | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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countenances
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| n.面容( countenance的名词复数 )；表情；镇静；道义支持 | |
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modesty
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| n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素 | |
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motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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quagmire
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| n.沼地 | |
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reeking
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| v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的现在分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象） | |
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filth
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| n.肮脏，污物，污秽；淫猥 | |
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courteous
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| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
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prospects
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| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
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profess
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| v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰 | |
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irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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smothered
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| （使）窒息， （使）透不过气( smother的过去式和过去分词 )； 覆盖； 忍住； 抑制 | |
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ushered
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| v.引，领，陪同( usher的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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constituents
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| n.选民( constituent的名词复数 )；成分；构成部分；要素 | |
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clump
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| n.树丛，草丛；vi.用沉重的脚步行走 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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scout
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| n.童子军，侦察员；v.侦察，搜索 | |
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crackers
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| adj.精神错乱的，癫狂的n.爆竹( cracker的名词复数 )；薄脆饼干；（认为）十分愉快的事；迷人的姑娘 | |
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38
cracker
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| n.（无甜味的）薄脆饼干 | |
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39
buck
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| n.雄鹿，雄兔；v.马离地跳跃 | |
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40
runaway
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| n.逃走的人，逃亡，亡命者；adj.逃亡的，逃走的 | |
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41
repulsive
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| adj.排斥的，使人反感的 | |
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42
treacherous
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| adj.不可靠的，有暗藏的危险的；adj.背叛的，背信弃义的 | |
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43
animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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44
belligerents
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| n.交战的一方（指国家、集团或个人）( belligerent的名词复数 ) | |
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45
positively
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| adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实 | |
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46
minions
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| n.奴颜婢膝的仆从( minion的名词复数 )；走狗；宠儿；受人崇拜者 | |
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47
cursory
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| adj.粗略的；草率的；匆促的 | |
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48
abolition
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| n.废除，取消 | |
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49
gossamer
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| n.薄纱，游丝 | |
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50
citizenship
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| n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份) | |
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51
stump
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| n.残株，烟蒂，讲演台；v.砍断，蹒跚而走 | |
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52
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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53
consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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54
declamation
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| n. 雄辩，高调 | |
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55
accomplishments
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| n.造诣；完成( accomplishment的名词复数 )；技能；成绩；成就 | |
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56
antagonist
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| n.敌人，对抗者，对手 | |
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57
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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58
primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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59
primitiveness
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| 原始，原始性 | |
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60
emblematic
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| adj.象征的，可当标志的；象征性 | |
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61
philosophical
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| adj.哲学家的，哲学上的，达观的 | |
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62
cedar
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| n.雪松，香柏(木) | |
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63
laudatory
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| adj.赞扬的 | |
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64
patriotism
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| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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65
melancholy
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| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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66
prolixity
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| n.冗长，罗嗦 | |
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67
bestow
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| v.把…赠与，把…授予；花费 | |
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68
patriotic
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| adj.爱国的，有爱国心的 | |
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69
facetious
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| adj.轻浮的，好开玩笑的 | |
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70
temperament
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| n.气质，性格，性情 | |
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71
immortality
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| n.不死，不朽 | |
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72
mischievous
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| adj.调皮的，恶作剧的，有害的，伤人的 | |
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73
slander
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| n./v.诽谤，污蔑 | |
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74
garbs
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| vt.装扮（garb的第三人称单数形式） | |
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75
patriots
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| 爱国者，爱国主义者( patriot的名词复数 ) | |
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76
traitors
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| 卖国贼( traitor的名词复数 )； 叛徒； 背叛者； 背信弃义的人 | |
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77
distended
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| v.（使）膨胀，肿胀( distend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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78
eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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79
bestows
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的第三人称单数 ) | |
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80
waggons
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| 四轮的运货马车( waggon的名词复数 )； 铁路货车； 小手推车 | |
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81
deafening
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| adj. 振耳欲聋的, 极喧闹的 动词deafen的现在分词形式 | |
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82
descend
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| vt./vi.传下来，下来，下降 | |
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83
degradation
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| n.降级；低落；退化；陵削；降解；衰变 | |
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84
enjoins
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| v.命令( enjoin的第三人称单数 ) | |
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85
concession
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| n.让步，妥协；特许(权) | |
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86
tragic
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| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
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87
muddled
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| adj.混乱的；糊涂的；头脑昏昏然的v.弄乱，弄糟( muddle的过去式)；使糊涂；对付，混日子 | |
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88
suspense
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| n.（对可能发生的事）紧张感，担心，挂虑 | |
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89
warfare
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| n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突 | |
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90
overthrow
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| v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆 | |
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91
tyrant
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| n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人 | |
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92
preservation
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| n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持 | |
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93
crooks
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| n.骗子( crook的名词复数 )；罪犯；弯曲部分；（牧羊人或主教用的）弯拐杖v.弯成钩形( crook的第三人称单数 ) | |
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94
fanatics
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| 狂热者，入迷者( fanatic的名词复数 ) | |
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95
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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96
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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97
uncommon
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| adj.罕见的，非凡的，不平常的 | |
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98
loquacious
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| adj.多嘴的，饶舌的 | |
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99
assent
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| v.批准，认可；n.批准，认可 | |
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100
orator
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| n.演说者，演讲者，雄辩家 | |
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101
postpone
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| v.延期，推迟 | |
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102
repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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103
witty
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| adj.机智的，风趣的 | |
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104
offset
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| n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿 | |
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105
theatrical
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| adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的 | |
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106
quills
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| n.（刺猬或豪猪的）刺( quill的名词复数 )；羽毛管；翮；纡管 | |
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107
supplant
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| vt.排挤；取代 | |
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108
fatigued
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| adj. 疲乏的 | |
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109
lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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110
abetting
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| v.教唆（犯罪）( abet的现在分词 )；煽动；怂恿；支持 | |
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111
haranguing
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| v.高谈阔论( harangue的现在分词 ) | |
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112
stint
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| v.节省，限制，停止；n.舍不得化，节约，限制；连续不断的一段时间从事某件事 | |
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113
promiscuous
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| adj.杂乱的，随便的 | |
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114
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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115
advantageous
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| adj.有利的；有帮助的 | |
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116
etiquette
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| n.礼仪，礼节；规矩 | |
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117
dispensed
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| v.分配( dispense的过去式和过去分词 )；施与；配（药） | |
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118
inadequate
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| adj.(for,to)不充足的，不适当的 | |
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119
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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120
mischievously
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| adv.有害地；淘气地 | |
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121
demonstration
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| n.表明，示范，论证，示威 | |
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122
demons
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| n.恶人( demon的名词复数 )；恶魔；精力过人的人；邪念 | |
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123
medley
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| n.混合 | |
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124
jargon
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| n.术语，行话 | |
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125
outlawry
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| 宣布非法，非法化，放逐 | |
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126
tenacious
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| adj.顽强的，固执的，记忆力强的，粘的 | |
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127
humbug
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| n.花招，谎话，欺骗 | |
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128
sneaking
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| a.秘密的，不公开的 | |
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129
whitewashing
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| 粉饰，美化，掩饰( whitewash的现在分词 )； 喷浆 | |
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130
pretence
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| n.假装，作假；借口，口实；虚伪；虚饰 | |
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131
propensities
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| n.倾向，习性( propensity的名词复数 ) | |
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132
appreciation
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| n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨 | |
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133
dexterity
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| n.(手的)灵巧，灵活 | |
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134
perpendicular
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| adj.垂直的，直立的；n.垂直线，垂直的位置 | |
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135
personalities
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| n. 诽谤，（对某人容貌、性格等所进行的）人身攻击； 人身攻击；人格, 个性, 名人( personality的名词复数 ) | |
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136
jeering
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| adj.嘲弄的，揶揄的v.嘲笑( jeer的现在分词 ) | |
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137
frailty
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| n.脆弱；意志薄弱 | |
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138
tragical
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| adj. 悲剧的, 悲剧性的 | |
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139
rhetoric
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| n.修辞学，浮夸之言语 | |
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140
ascended
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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141
doff
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| v.脱，丢弃，废除 | |
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142
grimaces
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| n.（表蔑视、厌恶等）面部扭曲，鬼脸( grimace的名词复数 )v.扮鬼相，做鬼脸( grimace的第三人称单数 ) | |
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143
onset
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| n.进攻，袭击，开始，突然开始 | |
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144
bravado
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| n.虚张声势，故作勇敢，逞能 | |
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145
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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146
resounds
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| v.（指声音等）回荡于某处( resound的第三人称单数 )；产生回响；（指某处）回荡着声音 | |
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147
blasphemy
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| n.亵渎，渎神 | |
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148
incisions
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| n.切开，切口( incision的名词复数 ) | |
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149
shreds
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| v.撕碎，切碎( shred的第三人称单数 )；用撕毁机撕毁（文件） | |
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150
tumult
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| n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹 | |
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151
triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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152
abdomen
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| n.腹，下腹(胸部到腿部的部分) | |
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153
trifling
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| adj.微不足道的；没什么价值的 | |
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154
commiseration
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| n.怜悯，同情 | |
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155
insinuates
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| n.暗示( insinuate的名词复数 )；巧妙或迂回地潜入；（使）缓慢进入；慢慢伸入v.暗示( insinuate的第三人称单数 )；巧妙或迂回地潜入；（使）缓慢进入；慢慢伸入 | |
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156
desperately
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| adv.极度渴望地，绝望地，孤注一掷地 | |
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157
ballot
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| n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票 | |
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158
vilest
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| adj.卑鄙的( vile的最高级 )；可耻的；极坏的；非常讨厌的 | |
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159
exults
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| 狂喜，欢跃( exult的第三人称单数 ) | |
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160
linen
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| n.亚麻布，亚麻线，亚麻制品；adj.亚麻布制的，亚麻的 | |
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