MR. DURKEE had said in Congress, that a negro was condemned1 to be hung in Charleston for resisting his master's attempts upon the chastity of his wife; and that such was the sympathy expressed for the negro, that the sheriffs offer of one thousand dollars could induce no one present to execute the final mandate2. Now, had Mr. Durkee been better acquainted with that social understanding between the slave, the pretty wife, and his master, and the acquiescing4 pleasure of the slave, who in nineteen cases out of twenty congratulates himself on the distinguished5 honor, he would have saved himself the error of such a charge against the tenor6 of social life in Charleston. Or, had he been better acquainted with the character of her police, he certainly would have saved the talent of Mr. Aiken its sophomore7 display in that cumbrous defence. In the first place, Mr. Durkee would have known that such attempts are so common among the social events of the day, and so well understood by the slave, that instead of being resented, they are appreciated to a great extent. We speak from long experience and knowledge of the connection between a certain class of slaves and their masters. In the second place, Mr. Durkee would have known that any man connected with the city police--save its honorable mayor, to whose character we would pay all deference--would not for conscience' sake scruple8 to hang a man for five dollars. We make no exception for color or crime. A qualification might be called for, more adapted to our knowledge of it as it has existed for the last four or five years; but we are informed by those whose lives and fortunes have been spent for the moral elevation9 of the city police, that it was even worse at the time referred to.
The reader may think we are making grave charges. Let us say, without fear of refutation, they are too well known in the community that tolerates them. As a mere10 shadow of what lays beneath the surface, we would refer to the only independent speech we ever listened to in Charleston,--except when self-laudation was the theme,--made by G. R--, Esq., in one of her public halls a few weeks ago. Mr. R--is a gentleman of moral courage and integrity, and, without fear or trembling, openly denounced the corruption11 and demoralization of the police department. Even the enemies of his party, knowing the facts, appreciated his candor12 as a man, while they denounced the publicity13, (for his speech was paraded by the press,) lest the fair name of the queen city should suffer abroad. A beautiful farce14 followed this grave exposition. The board of aldermen, composed of fourteen men of very general standing3, remained mum under the accusation15 for a long time. Its object was to show up the character of a class of officials, whose character and nefarious16 arts have long disgraced the city. But in order to make a display of his purity, Mr. C--, a gentleman entitled to high moral consideration, chose to make it a personal matter; yet, not content with a private explanation given by Mr. R--, he made a call through the press. Mr. R--responded in a proper and courteous17 manner, acknowledging the due respect to which Mr. C--'s private character was entitled; thus increasing the ambition of the board generally, who, with the expectation of Mr. R--making a like acknowledgment to them as a body, (not excepting their honorable head,) made a demand in joint-officio. This being duly signalized through the columns of the Courier and Mercury, Mr. R--met it with a response worthy18 of a gentleman. He referred them to the strongest evidence of his assertions, in the countenance19 which they gave to a class of officials too well known to the community for the honor of its name and the moral foundation of its corporate20 dignity. Thus ended a great municipal farce, to prolong which the principal performers knew would disclose the intriguing21 scenes of their secondary performers. The plot of this melo-comic concern was in the sequel, and turned upon the very grave fact of Mr. C--having some time previous withdrawn22 from the honorable board, to preserve some very delicate considerations for conscience' sake.
How much spiritual consolation24 Mr. C--realized through the acknowledgment of Mr. R--, or the honorable board in joint-officio from the firm admonition, we leave for the secondary consideration of proper wives and daughters.
But the reader will ask, what has this to do with poor Manuel Pereira,--or the imprisonment25 of free citizens of a friendly nation? We will show him that the complex system of official spoliation, and the misrepresentations of the police in regard to the influence of such persons upon the slave population, is a principal feature in its enforcement. To do this, we deem it essentially26 necessary to show the character of such men and the manner in which this law is carried out. We shall make no charges that we cannot sustain by the evidence of the whole city proper, and with the knowledge that truth is stronger than fiction.
What will the reader say when we tell him that, among the leading minds of the city--we say leading minds, for we class those who are considered foremost in the mercantile sphere among them--are three brothers, unmarried, but with mistresses bought for the purpose, whose dark skins avert27 the tongue of scandal;--that, twice, men were sold, because of the beauty of their wives, to distant traders, that the brothers might cast off their old mistresses, and appropriate new ones to an unholy purpose; that these men enjoy their richly furnished mansions28, are known for their sumptuous30 entertainments, set an example of mercantile honor and integrity, are flattered among the populace, receive the attentions of very fine and very virtuous31 ladies, wield32 a potential voice in the city government, and lead in the greatest development of internal improvements;--that these men even whisper high-sounding words of morality, and the established custom considers their example no harm when color is modified.
What will the reader think, when we tell him that there is no city-marshal in Charleston, but innumerable marshalled men, supported by an onerous33 tax upon the people, to quiet the fears of a few. And what will they think, when we tell them that the man whose name is so frequently sounded through the columns of the press as the head of police, and applauded for his activity among thieves, is the well-known prince-officio of a voluptuous34 dwelling35, where dazzling licentiousness36 fills his pockets with the spoils of allurement37. This man has several counterparts, whose acts are no secrets to the public ear, and who turn their office into a mart of intrigue38, and have enriched themselves upon the bounty39 of espionage40 and hush-money, and now assert the dignity of their purse. It may be asked, why are these men kept in office?--or have these offices become so disgraced that honest men will not deign41 to accept them? No! such is not the case. It is that moral integrity is not considered in its proper light, and is not valued as it should be; that these men have a secret influence which is well known, and are countenanced42 and retained for the weight of their control among a certain class; and, strange to say, that the party ex-officio make these demoralizing things the basis of their complaints against the "powers that be;" yet such is their feeble dependence43, that no sooner are they in office than we have the repetition of the same things.
Now, how far his honor is answerable for these things we must leave the reader to judge. The leading characteristics of his nature conflict with each other; his moral character is what is considered sound here; and truly he is entitled to much respect for his exemplary conduct, whether it be only exerted as an example, or the heartfelt love of Christian44 purity. Some people are pious45 from impulse, and become affected46 when purpose serves to make it profitable. We, however, are not so uncharitable as to charge such piety47 to our worthy head of the city government, but rather to a highly developed organ of the love of office, which has outgrown48 the better inclinations49 of his well-established Christianity.
We must invite the reader's attention to another and still more glaring evidence of the demoralization of social life in Charleston. A notorious woman, who has kept the worst kind of a brothel for years, where harlots of all shades and importations break the quietude of night with their polluted songs, becomes so bold in her infamy50 that she appeals to the gracious considerations of the city council, (board of aldermen.) How is this? Why, we will tell the reader:--She remained unmolested in her trade of demoralization, amassed51 a fortune which gave her boldness, while her open display was considered very fine fun for the joking propensities52 of officials and gallants. With her wealth she reared a splendid mansion29 to infamy and shame, where she, and such as she, whose steps the wise man tells us "lead down to hell," could sway their victory over the industrious53 poor. So public was it, that she openly boasted its purpose and its adaptation to the ensnaring vices55 of passion. Yes, this create in female form had spread ruin and death through the community, and brought the head of many a brilliant young man to the last stage of cast-off misery56. And yet, so openly tolerated and countenanced by leading men are these things, that on the 31st of July, 1852, this mother of crime appeals to the honorable board of aldermen, as appeared in the "Proceedings57 of Council" in the Charleston Courier of that date, in the following manner:
"Laid over until a monied quorum58 is present.
"Letter from Mrs. G. Pieseitto, informing Council that having recessed59 her new brick building in Berresford street at least two feet, so as to dedicate it to the use of the citizens of Charleston, if they will pave with flag-stones the front of her lot, respectfully requests, that if accepted, the work may be done as soon as possible. Referred to the Aldermen, Ward60 No. 4." The street is narrow and little used, except for purposes known to the lanterns, when honest people should sleep. The information might have been couched with more modesty61, when the notoriety of the woman and the dedication62 of her tabernacle of vice54 was so public. How far the sensitive aldermen of the fourth ward have proceeded in the delicate mission, or how much champagne63 their modest consideration has cost, the public have not yet been informed. Rumor64 says every thing is favorable. We are only drawing from a few principal points, and shall leave the reader to draw his own inference of the moral complexion65 of our social being. We make but one more view, and resume our story.
An office connected with the judiciary, so long held as one of high responsibility and honorable position, is now held merely as a medium of miserable66 speculation67 and espionage. It is an elective office, the representative holding for four years. The present incumbent68 was elected more through charity than recompense for any amiable69 qualities, moral worth, or efficient services to party ends. A more weak man could not have been drawn23 from the lowest scale of party hirelings, though he had abdicated70 the office once before to save his name and the respectability of the judiciary. It may be said, he was elected in pity to speculate on misery; and thus it proved in the case of MANUEL PEREIRA. This functionary71 was elected by a large majority. Could his moral worth have been taken into consideration? We should think not! For several times have we been pointed72 to two interesting girls,--or, if their color was not shaded, would be called young ladies--promenading the shady side of King street, with their faces deeply vailed, and informed who was their father. The mother of these innocent victims had been a mother to their father, had nursed him and maintained him through his adversity, and had lived the partner of his life and affections for many years, and had reared to him an interesting but fatal family. But, no sooner had fortune begun to shed its smiling rays, than he abandoned the one that had watched over him for the choice of one who could boast no more than a white skin.
If men who fill high places live by teaching others to gratify their appetites and pleasures alone, instead of setting a commendable73 example for a higher state of existence, by whom can we expect that justice and moral worth shall be respected?
Connected with the city constabulary are two men whose duty it is to keep a sharp lookout74 for all vessels75 arriving, and see that all negroes or colored seamen76 are committed to prison. One is a South Carolinian, by the name of Dusenberry, and the other an Irishman, by the name of Dunn. These two men, although their office is despicable in the eyes of many, assume more authority over a certain class of persons, who are unacquainted with the laws, than the mayor himself. The former is a man of dark, heavy features, with an assassin-like countenance, more inclined to look at you distrustfully than to meet you with an open gaze. He is rather tall and athletic77, but never has been known to do any thing that would give him credit for bravery. Several times he has been on the brink78 of losing his office for giving too much latitude79 to his craving80 for perquisites81; yet, by some unaccountable means, he manages to hold on. The other is a robust82 son of the Emerald Isle83, with a broad, florid face, low forehead, short crispy hair very red, and knotted over his forehead. His dress is usually very slovenly84 and dirty, his shirt-collar bespotted with tobacco-juice, and tied with an old striped bandana handkerchief. This, taken with a very wide mouth, flat nose, vicious eye, and a countenance as hard as ever came from Tipperary, and a lame85 leg, which causes him to limp as he walks, gives our man Dunn the incarnate86 appearance of a fit body-grabber. A few words will suffice for his character. He is known to the official department, of which the magistrates87 are a constituent88 part, as a notorious ----l; and his better-half, who, by-the-way, is what is called a free-trader, meaning, to save the rascality89 of a husband, sells liquor by small portions, to suit the Murphys and the O'Neals. But, as it pleases our Mr. Dunn, he very often becomes a more than profitable customer, and may be found snoring out the penalty in some sequestered90 place, too frequently for his own character. Between the hours of ten and twelve in the morning, Dunn, if not too much incapacitated, may be seen limping his way down Broad street, to watch vessels arriving and departing, carrying a limp-cane in one hand, and a large covered whip in the other. We were struck with the appearance of the latter, because it was similar to those carried in the hands of a rough, menial class of men in Macon, Georgia, who called themselves marshals, under a misapplication of the term. Their office was to keep the negro population "straight," and do the whipping when called upon, at fifty cents a head. They also did the whipping at the jails, and frequently made from five to six dollars a day at this alone; for it is not considered fashionable for a gentleman to whip his own negro. We noticed the universal carrying of this whip, when we first visited Macon, some four years ago, and were curious to know its purport91, which was elucidated92 by a friend; but we have since seen the practical demonstrations93 painfully carried out. Those who visited Boston for the recovery of Crafts and Ellen--whose mode of escape is a romance in itself--were specimens94 of these "marshals." How they passed themselves off for gentlemen, we are at a loss to comprehend.
During the day, the Messrs. Dusenberry and Dunn may be seen at times watching about the wharves95, and again in low grog-shops--then pimping about the "Dutch beer-shops and corner-shops"--picking up, here and there, a hopeful-looking nigger, whom they drag off to limbo96, or extort97 a bribe98 to let him go. Again, they act as monitors over the Dutch corner-shops, the keepers of which pay them large sums to save themselves the heavy license99 fine and the information docket. When they are no longer able to pay over hush-money, they find themselves walked up to the captain's office, to be dealt with according to the severe penalty made and provided for violating the law which prohibits the sale of liquor to negroes without an order. The failure to observe this law is visited with fine and imprisonment,--both beyond their proportionate deserts, when the law which governs the sale of liquor to white men is considered. Things are very strictly100 regulated by complexions101 in South Carolina. The master sets the most dissipated and immoral102 examples in his own person, and allows his children not only to exercise their youthful caprices, but to gratify such feelings as are pernicious to their moral welfare, upon his slaves. Now, the question is, that knowing the negro's power of imitation, ought not some allowance to be made for copying the errors of his master? Yet such is not the case; for the slightest deviation103 from the strictest rule of discipline brings condign104 punishment upon the head of the offender105.
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condemned
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| adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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mandate
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| n.托管地；命令，指示 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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acquiescing
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| v.默认，默许( acquiesce的现在分词 ) | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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tenor
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| n.男高音（歌手），次中音（乐器），要旨，大意 | |
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sophomore
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| n.大学二年级生；adj.第二年的 | |
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scruple
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| n./v.顾忌，迟疑 | |
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elevation
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| n.高度；海拔；高地；上升；提高 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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corruption
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| n.腐败，堕落，贪污 | |
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candor
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| n.坦白，率真 | |
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publicity
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| n.众所周知，闻名；宣传，广告 | |
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farce
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| n.闹剧，笑剧，滑稽戏；胡闹 | |
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accusation
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| n.控告，指责，谴责 | |
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nefarious
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| adj.恶毒的，极坏的 | |
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courteous
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| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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corporate
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| adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的 | |
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intriguing
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| adj.有趣的；迷人的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的现在分词)；激起…的好奇心 | |
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withdrawn
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| vt.收回；使退出；vi.撤退，退出 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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imprisonment
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| n.关押，监禁，坐牢 | |
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essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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avert
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| v.防止，避免；转移(目光、注意力等) | |
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mansions
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| n.宅第，公馆，大厦( mansion的名词复数 ) | |
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mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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sumptuous
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| adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的 | |
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virtuous
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| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
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wield
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| vt.行使，运用，支配；挥，使用(武器等) | |
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onerous
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| adj.繁重的 | |
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voluptuous
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| adj.肉欲的，骄奢淫逸的 | |
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dwelling
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| n.住宅，住所，寓所 | |
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licentiousness
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| n.放肆，无法无天 | |
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allurement
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| n.诱惑物 | |
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intrigue
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| vt.激起兴趣，迷住；vi.耍阴谋；n.阴谋，密谋 | |
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bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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espionage
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| n.间谍行为，谍报活动 | |
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deign
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| v. 屈尊, 惠允 ( 做某事) | |
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countenanced
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| v.支持，赞同，批准( countenance的过去式 ) | |
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dependence
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| n.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；隶属 | |
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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piety
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| n.虔诚，虔敬 | |
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outgrown
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| 长[发展] 得超过（某物）的范围( outgrow的过去分词 )； 长[发展]得不能再要（某物）； 长得比…快； 生长速度超过 | |
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inclinations
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| 倾向( inclination的名词复数 )； 倾斜； 爱好； 斜坡 | |
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infamy
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| n.声名狼藉，出丑，恶行 | |
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amassed
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| v.积累，积聚( amass的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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propensities
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| n.倾向，习性( propensity的名词复数 ) | |
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industrious
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| adj.勤劳的，刻苦的，奋发的 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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vices
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| 缺陷( vice的名词复数 )； 恶习； 不道德行为； 台钳 | |
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misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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quorum
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| n.法定人数 | |
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recessed
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| v.把某物放在墙壁的凹处( recess的过去式和过去分词 )；将（墙）做成凹形，在（墙）上做壁龛；休息，休会，休庭 | |
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ward
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| n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开 | |
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modesty
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| n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素 | |
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dedication
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| n.奉献，献身，致力，题献，献辞 | |
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champagne
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| n.香槟酒；微黄色 | |
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rumor
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| n.谣言，谣传，传说 | |
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complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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speculation
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| n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机 | |
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incumbent
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| adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的 | |
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amiable
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| adj.和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的 | |
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abdicated
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| 放弃（职责、权力等）( abdicate的过去式和过去分词 )； 退位，逊位 | |
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functionary
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| n.官员；公职人员 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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commendable
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| adj.值得称赞的 | |
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lookout
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| n.注意，前途，瞭望台 | |
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vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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seamen
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| n.海员 | |
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athletic
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| adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的 | |
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brink
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| n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿 | |
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latitude
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| n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区 | |
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craving
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| n.渴望,热望 | |
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perquisites
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| n.（工资以外的）财务补贴( perquisite的名词复数 )；额外收入；（随职位而得到的）好处；利益 | |
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robust
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| adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的 | |
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isle
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| n.小岛，岛 | |
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slovenly
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| adj.懒散的，不整齐的，邋遢的 | |
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lame
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| adj.跛的，(辩解、论据等)无说服力的 | |
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incarnate
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| adj.化身的，人体化的，肉色的 | |
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magistrates
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| 地方法官，治安官( magistrate的名词复数 ) | |
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constituent
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| n.选民；成分，组分；adj.组成的，构成的 | |
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rascality
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| 流氓性，流氓集团 | |
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sequestered
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| adj.扣押的；隐退的；幽静的；偏僻的v.使隔绝，使隔离( sequester的过去式和过去分词 )；扣押 | |
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purport
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| n.意义，要旨，大要；v.意味著，做为...要旨，要领是... | |
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elucidated
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| v.阐明，解释( elucidate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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demonstrations
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| 证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威 | |
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specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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wharves
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| n.码头，停泊处( wharf的名词复数 ) | |
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limbo
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| n.地狱的边缘；监狱 | |
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extort
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| v.勒索，敲诈，强要 | |
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bribe
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| n.贿赂；v.向…行贿，买通 | |
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license
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| n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许 | |
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strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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complexions
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| 肤色( complexion的名词复数 )； 面色； 局面； 性质 | |
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immoral
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| adj.不道德的，淫荡的，荒淫的，有伤风化的 | |
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deviation
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| n.背离，偏离；偏差，偏向；离题 | |
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condign
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| adj.应得的，相当的 | |
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offender
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| n.冒犯者，违反者，犯罪者 | |
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