Perhaps I was too elated at the knowledge that I was free from the hateful incubus4 which had robbed me of all joy in my life for so long, but I think I had some excuse, and whether I had or not I allowed myself to feel happy. Occasionally I felt depressed5 by the thought of how near I was to forty years of age, how small were my chances of starting my children in life, and how tired and worn out I was feeling, but I was naturally elastic6 of temperament7, and the rebound8 I had lately felt was entirely9 beneficial to me. I worked at the bench still, but with reluctance10, because I had learned by bitter experience, that work I never so hard, the reward was entirely incommensurate with the outlay11 of energy. And so I took less and less interest in picture framing, and got back again to my beloved books in greater measure than ever.
Also I scribbled12 more and got several articles accepted at long intervals13, the remuneration for which, though pleasant to receive and always coming in handy to meet some most pressing need, such as clothes for the children, never raised in me any hopes of a permanent and substantial addition to my income. For I still regarded, by some twist of mind, the picture framing as my stand-by, although one article which I could write in an evening or in the morning before going to work would yield more when sold than I could earn in a week's overtime14 by the really hard work of framing, to say nothing of the labour involved in fetching the material and carrying home the finished product. Not that I ever received any extravagant15 prices for my writing. With one honourable16 exception, Chambers's Journal, all the organs I wrote for seemed anxious to get what I wrote for the smallest possible sum, or nothing if I could be made to forget that they had published my stuff. To one journal with an august name and a large circulation, having[Pg 254] also an advertisement revenue of many thousands a year, I sent a story of 5000 words. I received a most courteous17 letter in reply with a statement that while they would much like to print the story, which was an excellent one, they could only offer me ten shillings for it! I took it, never mind why.
But taking things all round I was happier than I had been for many a day. Having been set free from that awful burden of the shop, and being finished for ever, (I hoped) with the whole body of County Court officials, bum-bailiffs, etc., I experienced a restful peace to which I had long been a stranger. I recovered much of my lost vigour18, for although the habit of work still clung to me and I did not waste a minute if I could help it, I no longer dreaded19 a knock at the door, no longer felt symptoms of heart failure at the sight of a postman coming towards me. Now and then I thought of my fortieth birthday fast approaching, believing as I did that a man of forty was too old to strike out any new line, that if he had never done anything worth doing he never would, and much more of the same tenor20. But most happily, however these pessimistic thoughts harassed21 me they did not affect my conduct, not because I determined23 that they should not, or braced24 myself in an heroic resolve to defy fate, age, or anything else that should tend to hinder my advancement25, but for the same reason that I kept going so long in that hopeless shop, because the necessity was laid upon me, as the nigger song says, to keep "a-pushin'[Pg 255] an' a-shovin'." Very disagreeable to other people in many cases this persistence26 of a fellow for whom they cannot see the slightest necessity, but then, so much depends upon the point of view.
My only object in writing the penultimate sentence is to clear myself of any suspicion of false hypocritical pretence27. I have the greatest horror and detestation of posing as one who, by sheer force of will and decision of character, has conquered circumstances, lived instead of died, and although wrecked28 apparently29 beyond salvage30 has reconstructed something navigable and sailed away from a far more profitable voyage. For I know that these things depend upon the quality of the fibre of which a man is wrought31 and for which he can take no credit. It is this which often keeps a man at work when, had he been living in more prosperous conditions, he would have been in bed with grave doctors and nurses around him, and hourly bulletins as to his temperature, etc., being issued. I remember during the first influenza32 epidemic33 the case of a carter for one of the great carrying companies in London who, it being a busy season, had been on duty twenty hours. He drove into the yard in the small hours of the morning, dropped the reins34 on his horse's back, but did not descend35 from his dickey. As he gave no reply to repeated hailing by his mates below, one mounted to him and found him stiff in death. It came out at the inquest that on leaving home twenty hours before he had told his wife that he felt very bad,[Pg 256] one moment shivering and the next burning, and all his limbs one big ache, but the fibre of the man insisted upon going on. Fear of losing his job, of being short in his scanty36 week's earnings37 had spurred him, but the frame gave out under the great strain put upon it by the spirit.
You may call it heroism38 if you will, but if it has any of that sublime39 quality I am sure it is unconscious, innate40, and not to be referred to any conceived and determined desire to overcome obstacles apparently insurmountable. Of course it is far more admirable, more worthy41 of respect than is the conduct of the weakling who wilts42 under the first blast of adversity, who must always be bolstered43 up and pushed along the way that he ought to go, and never does anything for himself that he can get others to do for him—a born loafer, in fact, for whom there really is no room in a work-a-day world, but who, alas44! thrives bodily upon the labours of others, and is often treated with far more consideration than those who are steadily45 labouring on.
It was about this time that I unconsciously dropped upon a new form of activity entirely aloof46 from the tradesman line. I was a worker in a humble47 little mission whereof none of the members earned more than £2 a week, and some only half that sum. I had joined it in my desire to get away from the cabals48 and jealousies49 of the ordinary church or chapel50 where two-thirds of the good that might be done is wasted[Pg 257] upon most unchristian friction51 between members. I had got thoroughly52 disgusted with them all as far as my experience had gone, and I felt that my only hope of remaining associated with a body of Christians53 was to get as low down as possible, where nobody could put on side or ape the patron.
Now it was our custom in our little hall during the winter months to give, whenever we could raise sufficient funds, a free tea to the poor neglected children of the neighbourhood, of whom there were a sad number. It always meant a lot of work collecting the few shillings necessary, but that work was never grudged54 by any of us, and we always felt sufficiently55 rewarded at the sight of the poor kiddies stuffing themselves. How cheaply we did it to be sure. Tea never cost us more than one shilling a pound, condensed milk, threepence halfpenny a pound tin; good cake, from the philanthropic firm of Peek56 Frean, we got for fourpence, and sometimes threepence a pound; and other matters, including margarine, on a like scale. Oh, it was a feast! and there was always a hungry crowd of grown-ups outside at the close who were grateful for the carefully saved fragments.
Well! it came to pass that at this particular time I speak of the winter promised to be exceptionally severe, and we could not raise funds for our free teas. So, in a moment of inspiration, I suggested that if we could raise sufficient funds to have some lantern slides made from pictures which I would get, and take the[Pg 258] Peckham Public Hall, I would give a lecture on the South Sea Whaling industry, of which I had never forgotten a detail. All the brethren entered into the proposal con22 amore, but I doubt if it would ever have matured but for a recent convert, a young clerk in a big manufacturing house, who drew out his savings57 and financed the affair.
That difficulty over, we went ahead full speed and pestered58 everybody we knew to buy tickets, getting a guinea by the way from Sir John Blundell Maple59, who probably thought it was worth that to shelve us when we applied60 to him for his patronage61 of the show. The great night arrived, and we had secured a popular local preacher to take the chair. His organist had promised to play an accompaniment for two sacred songs which I was to sing, and best of all, four hundred tickets were sold. Our popular preacher, however, very nearly ruined us, for, after introducing me in a very graceful62 speech, he said to my shame and indignation, "Will brother so-and-so lead us in prayer," naming a long-winded old donkey who would ramble63 you on for an indefinite length of time in a babblement64 that was anything but prayer, even if such a prologue65 was at all indicated on such an occasion.
I verily believe that I lost a pint66 of sweat while that old idiot maundered on. I felt in every nerve the impatience67 and disgust of the mixed audience, and at last, in despair, I actually prayed myself that the Lord would stop his wretched twaddle, for it was nothing[Pg 259] else. Apparently my prayer was answered, almost immediately, for he had a violent paroxysm of coughing which enabled us to go ahead. Of course I was not at all nervous, my long training in the open air prevented that, and equally of course (I suppose) the strangeness of the subject held the suburban68 folk enthralled69. However that may have been, I know that presently seeing my last slides appearing and fearing that I was cutting the matter too short, I asked a friend of mine in front (in a stage whisper) the time. "Ten o'clock, Tom," he promptly70 replied, in a voice audible all over the hall. My, but there was nearly a panic. Some wise person turned the lights up, and in about two minutes nearly everybody had gone.
You see, divers71 of them came from far, and our Peckham communications in those days were none of the best. A few faithful local ones remained till the bitter end however, and my superintendent72, who was a chimney-sweep, said in broken accents from the platform, swabbing his eyes meanwhile, "I never knoo we 'ad sich a bruvver!" And what more in the way of commendation and honest praise could the heart of man desire than that? Only this, that the net profits of the lecture, after all expenses were paid, were £14 all but a shilling or two, a far greater sum than we had ever had before to spend upon free teas for poor children.
Then, at the instigation of a lantern fiend, I beg the dear chap's pardon, a lantern enthusiast73, who offered his services and his truly exquisite74 set of slides free, I gave a series of four lectures on the life of Christ in the little hall itself. A blind performer on the organ flutina, who knew nearly all the classic hymns75 by heart, was easily secured at the economical figure of half a crown per evening, and I interspersed76 my remarks with all the old favourite hymns, that now are indeed caviare to the general, sung solo. Such an entertainment as I then gave, which of course would be impossible to me now, would, I am sure, bring me in twenty guineas a night. For I could sing and I could talk, the pictures and the music were alike excellent but—. The total net produce was about fifteen shillings for four nights! There, it's the first bit of brag77 I've given utterance78 to in the course of these chapters, and this is its fitting anti-climax.
But if I did not receive much for my services as far as money went, either for myself or the cause, I did gain invaluable79 experience in addressing indoor audiences. I was already thoroughly at home with any crowd in the open air, but I found that it was a totally different matter to speak inside a building, even to the method of producing the voice and sustaining it without obvious effect or real fatigue80 for a couple of hours if need arose. And as I had previously81 discovered in the open air that straining the voice ranting82 or raving83 was not only indicative of insincerity but precluded84 intelligibility85 as well, so, in a renewed and more definite sense, I found it here, and I am beyond[Pg 261] measure grateful for that experience. For I hate to hear a speaker, on whatever subject, yell or shout at his audience as if he had a personal quarrel with every one of them, just as much as I hate mannerisms of any kind on the platform, regarding them all as a sort of showing off that is only worthy of a pampered86 child.
The upshot of this practice at home, as I might say, was that I began to get a local reputation as a lecturer, and any struggling church or chapel in the neighbourhood trying to raise funds would give me a cordial invitation to come and help them, providing my own lanternist, etc., for the good of the cause; and for a time I went, unconscious that I was by way of being a blackleg, but exceedingly conscious that the silver collections asked for on these occasions were mostly copper87 with a goodly sprinkling of farthings. In my natural modesty88 (the reader may laugh quietly at this but I can assure him that the possession of this quality, so beautiful in women, is in excess entirely detrimental89 to man, since the world takes us largely at our own valuation), I felt that these meagre results were a sufficient gauge90 of my popularity.
Still I did remember occasionally, to my comfort, a small experience I had once, in Portland, Oregon. Three of us common sailors were invited to a Methodist Episcopal Church to hear a lecture, by a phenomenal preacher, entitled, "The Life, Death, and Resurrection of an Arab." We were almost appalled91 by the[Pg 262] magnificence of the place, which, for luxury of appointment, could give points to any place of public entertainment I have ever been in. Silk velvet92 lounges for pews, upholstered like feather beds, soft Turkey carpets on the floor, hammered brass93 enrichments to the carven woodwork—the place reeked94 of wealth. At the close of the lecture the preacher went round with his own top hat for the collection, in his humility95 not desiring any help from the church officers. And the result in spot cash, as they would say, was four dollars and ninety-two cents! of which our party might have been credited with ten cents. A widow's mite96 indeed, for it was all we had. Able seamen97 ashore98 in a foreign port, except on liberty day, rarely have any money, and I am sure I don't know why we had that solitary99 dime100. But the lesson of the affair was that services, however valuable in themselves, rendered gratis101, or in the hope that the audience will be generous, are usually taken by the recipients102 as not worth recognising. The higher the price the performer can charge and get, the more he or she is appreciated. It is a fact never to be forgotten.
Thus it came about that I did not get puffed103 up by any roseate visions of becoming a popular lecturer—how could I when I had seen an audience of eight hundred yield fourteen shillings and elevenpence three farthings? But I had a solid asset always in the glow of satisfaction that I could address a big crowd and interest them, a pleasure which was hardly clouded[Pg 263] even for a moment by such remarks as I heard a burly man make once in a chapel at Peckham where I was lecturing. In a hoarse104 whisper he said to a neighbour, "What's this 'ere all about, Guvnor?" "Whales," replied his interlocutor. "Ho, is it?" he growled105. "Well, s'rimps is more in my line or winkles. 'Ere, let me get aht!"
Almost imperceptibly I was dropping my picture framing connection. Much as I had enjoyed the work, apart from the struggle to add to my income by it, I had grown to hate it from its associations. That none of the men who had trusted me with their goods had even so much as appeared against me when I had figured as a bankrupt under examination only made me feel grateful to them, it did not lessen106 my horrors of the means by which I had been brought to the sad pass I had so lately emerged from. And so as I did not pursue the business with any energy it gradually fell away, and I was not in the least sorry, although I had not got to the point yet of refusing any work that came in my way.
But I had grown quite unconsciously into the habit of writing, had become used to seeing what I had written in print even to the point of wondering not what the world would think of it, but what the editor would think it worth while to pay me for it. Also I had grown to be infected by the spirit of adventure, common to most literary men. By which I mean that, unlike the tradesman, who, with a steady demand for[Pg 264] his goods, which people must have, fixes his profits with due regard to the practice of his competitors, and does not dream of vicissitudes107, they must always reckon upon a change in the public taste or in the idiosyncrasies of editors. It is a sportsmanlike feeling, and I must say that it appealed to me very strongly as a pastime, but I always regarded the cheques which I received as a gift from on high. When I got an article or story accepted, I rejoiced and was exceedingly glad, and then I endeavoured to forget all about it. Because I never knew what I was going to get, nor when I was going to receive it. Therefore when it came it was in the nature of a find. Needless to say, I always wanted it very badly, and always wondered whatever I should have done without it, but that I think only added to my joy.
Then came an opportunity which I thought but little of, at that time, but have since seen the importance of. An article appeared in a scientific journal of high standing108 upon a subject which I had made peculiarly my own, and about which I had the most intimate personal knowledge. A friend brought this article to my notice, and I, feeling amazed at its assumptions, wrote to the editor about it. As a result he requested me to write an article for him on the matter, and I did so. Now, having regard to the standing of the journal in question, and the fact that I had been invited to write, I broke my rule of non-expectancy, and looked for a substantial reward. Alas for[Pg 265] my hopes. The article duly appeared—it was well over four thousand words, and in three months I received for it thirty-seven and sixpence! I regard that now as I regarded it then, an outrage109. Yet I suppose that is really how men of science are paid in this country.
I am happy to say that I have never written for a scientific journal since, and I put that experience by the side of the other which I mentioned before as being parallel cases and warnings. Why, many a provincial110 newspaper struggling for a bare existence would have paid a hack111 writer more. But few people outside the charmed circle know how shamefully112 certain journals with an immense advertisement revenue exploit the poor scribes who fill their columns of reading matter with the fine fruit of brains and experience.
There is another curious little matter connected with this, which is entirely germane113, and I think it of considerable interest, which I should like to mention as a particular instance. At one of our seaport114 towns I met with a man in Government employ, whose pay was at the rate of about £100 a year, but who possessed115 ability and mathematical qualifications of a very high order. In the course of conversation with him one day I learned that he had contributed over sixty articles, in the space of two years, to at least a dozen different daily and weekly journals. Some of these articles were 3000 words in length, and[Pg 266] none were under a thousand. Many of them had been printed in prominent places, and were obviously considered by the editors as of great importance, as indeed they were. When I had glanced through some of them I said cheerfully, "I am very glad that you have been able to add to your scanty income in this way; it should lead to something very lucrative116 in time." "Oh," he replied, quite innocently, "I have never received anything for them. I thought that they weren't worth paying for."
I was astounded117 for a moment, and then asking him for a piece of paper, I drafted him a form of account to send to each of those journals. He did so, and in a week's time I was delighted to receive a grateful letter from him saying that my little bit of advice had resulted in his getting £60. He added that it would probably save the life of his dear wife, who had been ordered away by the doctor, advice impossible for him to follow before owing to lack of means. Well, heaven knows the remuneration he received was little enough, but it was better than nothing. What a condition of things when concerns yielding huge fortunes to their owners will stoop so low as to allow poor men to give them of their best, and never offer a halfpenny in return until dunned for it, and then only on so niggardly118 a scale.
I cannot close this chapter without saying that this practice is by no means universal, but it is decidedly general. I have myself been begged by an editor, yes, literally119 begged, to write an article for a pittance120 so small that I am ashamed to say I accepted it; and found afterwards that the article in question had been sold to several other journals for a big profit!
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emphatic
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| adj.强调的，着重的；无可置疑的，明显的 | |
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recital
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| n.朗诵，独奏会，独唱会 | |
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molestation
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| n.骚扰，干扰，调戏；折磨 | |
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incubus
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| n.负担；恶梦 | |
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depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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elastic
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| n.橡皮圈，松紧带；adj.有弹性的；灵活的 | |
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temperament
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| n.气质，性格，性情 | |
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rebound
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| v.弹回；n.弹回，跳回 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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reluctance
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| n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿 | |
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outlay
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| n.费用，经费，支出；v.花费 | |
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scribbled
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| v.潦草的书写( scribble的过去式和过去分词 )；乱画；草草地写；匆匆记下 | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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overtime
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| adj.超时的，加班的；adv.加班地 | |
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extravagant
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| adj.奢侈的；过分的；(言行等)放肆的 | |
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honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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courteous
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| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
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vigour
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| （=vigor）n.智力，体力，精力 | |
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dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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tenor
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| n.男高音（歌手），次中音（乐器），要旨，大意 | |
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harassed
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| adj. 疲倦的，厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词 | |
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con
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| n.反对的观点，反对者，反对票，肺病；vt.精读，学习，默记；adv.反对地，从反面；adj.欺诈的 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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braced
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| adj.拉牢的v.支住( brace的过去式和过去分词 )；撑牢；使自己站稳；振作起来 | |
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advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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persistence
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| n.坚持，持续，存留 | |
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pretence
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| n.假装，作假；借口，口实；虚伪；虚饰 | |
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wrecked
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| adj.失事的，遇难的 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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salvage
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| v.救助，营救，援救；n.救助，营救 | |
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wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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influenza
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| n.流行性感冒，流感 | |
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epidemic
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| n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的 | |
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reins
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| 感情，激情； 缰( rein的名词复数 )； 控制手段； 掌管； （成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带 | |
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descend
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| vt./vi.传下来，下来，下降 | |
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scanty
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| adj.缺乏的，仅有的，节省的，狭小的，不够的 | |
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earnings
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| n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得 | |
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heroism
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| n.大无畏精神，英勇 | |
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sublime
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| adj.崇高的，伟大的；极度的，不顾后果的 | |
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innate
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| adj.天生的，固有的，天赋的 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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wilts
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| （使）凋谢，枯萎( wilt的第三人称单数 ) | |
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bolstered
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| v.支持( bolster的过去式和过去分词 )；支撑；给予必要的支持；援助 | |
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alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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aloof
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| adj.远离的；冷淡的，漠不关心的 | |
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humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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cabals
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| n.（政治）阴谋小集团，（尤指政治上的）阴谋( cabal的名词复数 ) | |
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jealousies
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| n.妒忌( jealousy的名词复数 )；妒羡 | |
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chapel
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| n.小教堂，殡仪馆 | |
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51
friction
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| n.摩擦，摩擦力 | |
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52
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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53
Christians
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| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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54
grudged
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| 怀恨（grudge的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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55
sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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56
peek
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| vi.偷看，窥视；n.偷偷的一看，一瞥 | |
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57
savings
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| n.存款，储蓄 | |
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58
pestered
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| 使烦恼，纠缠( pester的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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59
maple
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| n.槭树，枫树，槭木 | |
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60
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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61
patronage
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| n.赞助，支援，援助；光顾，捧场 | |
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62
graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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63
ramble
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| v.漫步，漫谈，漫游；n.漫步，闲谈，蔓延 | |
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64
babblement
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| 模糊不清的言语，胡说，潺潺声 | |
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prologue
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| n.开场白，序言；开端，序幕 | |
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66
pint
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| n.品脱 | |
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67
impatience
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| n.不耐烦，急躁 | |
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68
suburban
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| adj.城郊的，在郊区的 | |
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69
enthralled
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| 迷住，吸引住( enthrall的过去式和过去分词 )； 使感到非常愉快 | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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71
divers
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| adj.不同的；种种的 | |
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72
superintendent
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| n.监督人，主管，总监；(英国)警务长 | |
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enthusiast
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| n.热心人，热衷者 | |
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74
exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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hymns
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| n.赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌( hymn的名词复数 ) | |
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76
interspersed
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| adj.[医]散开的；点缀的v.intersperse的过去式和过去分词 | |
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77
brag
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| v./n.吹牛，自夸；adj.第一流的 | |
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78
utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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79
invaluable
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| adj.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的 | |
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fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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81
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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82
ranting
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| v.夸夸其谈( rant的现在分词 )；大叫大嚷地以…说教；气愤地)大叫大嚷；不停地大声抱怨 | |
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83
raving
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| adj.说胡话的；疯狂的，怒吼的；非常漂亮的；令人醉心[痴心]的v.胡言乱语(rave的现在分词)n.胡话；疯话adv.胡言乱语地；疯狂地 | |
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84
precluded
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| v.阻止( preclude的过去式和过去分词 )；排除；妨碍；使…行不通 | |
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85
intelligibility
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| n.可理解性，可理解的事物 | |
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86
pampered
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| adj.饮食过量的，饮食奢侈的v.纵容，宠，娇养( pamper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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87
copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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modesty
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| n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素 | |
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detrimental
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| adj.损害的，造成伤害的 | |
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gauge
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| v.精确计量；估计；n.标准度量；计量器 | |
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appalled
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| v.使惊骇，使充满恐惧( appall的过去式和过去分词)adj.惊骇的；丧胆的 | |
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velvet
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| n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的 | |
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93
brass
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| n.黄铜；黄铜器，铜管乐器 | |
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94
reeked
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| v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的过去式和过去分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象） | |
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humility
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| n.谦逊，谦恭 | |
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96
mite
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| n.极小的东西；小铜币 | |
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97
seamen
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| n.海员 | |
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98
ashore
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| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
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99
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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100
dime
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| n.（指美国、加拿大的钱币）一角 | |
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101
gratis
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| adj.免费的 | |
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102
recipients
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| adj.接受的；受领的；容纳的；愿意接受的n.收件人；接受者；受领者；接受器 | |
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103
puffed
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| adj.疏松的v.使喷出( puff的过去式和过去分词 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧 | |
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104
hoarse
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| adj.嘶哑的，沙哑的 | |
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105
growled
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| v.（动物）发狺狺声， （雷）作隆隆声( growl的过去式和过去分词 )；低声咆哮着说 | |
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106
lessen
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| vt.减少，减轻；缩小 | |
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107
vicissitudes
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| n.变迁，世事变化；变迁兴衰( vicissitude的名词复数 )；盛衰兴废 | |
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108
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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109
outrage
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| n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒 | |
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110
provincial
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| adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人 | |
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111
hack
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| n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳 | |
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112
shamefully
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| 可耻地； 丢脸地； 不体面地； 羞耻地 | |
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113
germane
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| adj.关系密切的，恰当的 | |
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114
seaport
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| n.海港，港口，港市 | |
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115
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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116
lucrative
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| adj.赚钱的，可获利的 | |
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117
astounded
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| v.使震惊(astound的过去式和过去分词)；愕然；愕；惊讶 | |
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118
niggardly
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| adj.吝啬的，很少的 | |
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119
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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120
pittance
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| n.微薄的薪水，少量 | |
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