From all such miseries25 sport at sea is free. A well-appointed yacht, built not for speed but for comfort, need not be luxurious26 to afford as satisfactory a “hunting-box” as any sportsman could reasonably desire. And for the question of cost—it may be high enough to satisfy the craving27 for squandering28 felt by the most wealthy spendthrift, or so low as to become far cheaper than a hunting expedition to Africa or the Rockies. For a successful sporting voyage a sailing vessel29, or at most an auxiliary30 screw-steamer of low power, is best, for the great game of the ocean is full of alarms, and[220] must needs be approached with the utmost silence and circumspection31. As for the question of equipment, it seems hardly necessary to say that everything should be of the very best, but not by any means of the most expensive quality procurable32. All such abominations as harpoon33-guns, bombs, &c., should be strictly34 barred, the object being sport, not slaughter35. Given sufficient outlay36, with the resources of science now at the purchaser’s disposal, it is quite possible to reduce whaling, for instance, to as tame an affair as a hand-fed pheasant battue or tame-rabbit coursing, neither of which can surely by any stretch of courtesy be called sport. The old-fashioned hand harpoons37, the long, slender lances that, except for excellence38 of workmanship and material, are essentially39 the same as used by the first followers40 of the vast sea-mammals, these should be the sportsman’s weapons still if he would taste in its integrity the primitive delight of the noblest of created beings in the assertion of his birthright, “Dominion over the fish of the sea and over the fowl41 of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth.”
The best type of vessel for a sporting cruise at sea is what is known to seamen42 as a “barquentine,” a vessel, that is to say, of some 250 tons register, with three masts, square-rigged at the fore—after the style of the well-known Sunbeam. In her davits she should carry three whaleboats, such as the Americans of New Bedford or Rhode Island know so well how to build, the handsomest and most sea-worthy of all boats ever built. The whaleboats built[221] in Scotland, though strong and serviceable, are less elegant and handy, being more fitted for rough handling among ice-floes, into which rough neighbourhoods the sea-sportsman need never go—should not go, in fact, for the best display of his powers. The whale-line, made in the old whaling ports of New England—tow-line as it is locally termed—cannot be beaten. It possesses all the virtues43. Light, silky, and of amazing strength, it is a perfect example of what rope should be, and is as much superior to the unkind, harsh hemp-line of our own islands as could well be imagined. From the same place should be obtained the services of a few whaling experts, accustomed, as no other seafarers are, to the chase of the sperm44-whale, the noblest of all sea-monsters. Advice as to fishing-tackle would be out of place, except the general remark that, as in the deep seas the angler will meet with the doughtiest opponent of his skill the ocean contains, he must needs lay in a stock of tackle of the very strongest and best. Tarpon fishing is a fairly good test of the trustworthiness of gear, but whoso meets the giant albacore in mid-ocean, and overcomes him, will have vanquished45 a fish to which the tarpon is but as a seven-pound trout46 to a lordly salmon47. All the appliances known to naturalists48 for the capture and preservation of the smaller habitants of the deep sea ought to be carried, for, although not strictly sport, this work is deeply interesting and useful, besides affording a pleasant variety of occupation.
But, passing on to the actual conditions of conflict,[222] let us suppose the sportsman cruising in the North Atlantic between the Cape49 Verde Islands and the West Indies—a wide range, truly, but no part of it barren of the highest possibilities for pleasure. A school of sperm whales is sighted, the vessel is carefully manœuvred for the weather-gage of them, and this being obtained, the boats are softly lowered, sail is set, and, with the fresh trade-wind, away they go leaping to leeward51. The utmost precaution against noise must be taken, because the natural susceptibility of the whale to sound is as delicate as the receiver of a telephone. No amount of oral instruction would here be of any avail without long experience, which, since it can be hired, there is no need to waste time and patience in acquiring. Assuming, therefore, that the preliminary difficulty of approach to the sensitive monsters has been overcome, and there remains52 but a few fathoms53 of rapidly lessening54 distance between the boat and the unconscious whale, who could satisfactorily describe the sensations crowded into those few remaining moments of absolute quiet, the tension of expectation, the uncertainty55 of the result of the approaching conflict? The object of attack is the mightiest56 of living animals, he is in his own element, to which the assailant is but a visitor on sufferance, and he may retaliate57 in so fierce and tremendous a fashion that no amount of skill, courage, or energy shall suffice to protect the aggressor from his fury. But there is no thought of drawing back, the swift-gliding boat rushes high up on to the broad bank of flesh, and with a long-pent-up yell the harpoon is hurled58. It enters the[223] black mass noiselessly, the weight of its pole bends the soft iron shaft59 over as the attached line stretches out, and as the boat slowly, so slowly, backs away, the leviathan, amazed and infuriated, thrashes the quiet sea into masses of hissing60 foam61, while the thunder of his blows resounds62 like the uproar63 of a distant cannonade. At this time certain necessary rearrangements, such as furling and stowing sail, make it impossible, even if it were wise, to approach the indignant whale, and as a general thing by the time these preparations are complete he has sought the shelter of the depths beneath, taking out flake64 after flake of the neatly65 coiled line. With ordinary care, especially where only one boat is engaged, it would seldom happen that all the line would run out, and the game be lost. Usually, after an interval66 of about twenty minutes, during which the line is slacked away as slowly and grudgingly67 as possible, it is felt to give, and the slack must be hauled in with the utmost smartness, a sharp look-out being kept meanwhile upon the surrounding surface for a sudden white glare beneath—the cavity of the whale’s throat, as he comes bounding to the surface with his vast jaws68 gaping69 wider than a barn-door. It is at this time that the true excitement, the joy of battle, begins. For in most cases the huge animal has come to fight, and being in his turn the aggressor, his enemies must exert all their skill in boatsmanship, preserve all their coolness and watchfulness70, since a mistake in tactics or loss of presence of mind may mean the instant destruction of the boat, if not the sudden and violent death of some of her crew.[224] As a general rule, however, after a few savage71 rushes avoided by wary72 manœuvring on the part of the hunters, the whale starts off to windward at his best speed (from twelve to fourteen knots an hour), towing the boat or boats after him with the greatest ease. This is a most exhilarating experience. For the mighty73 steed, ploughing his strenuous74 way through the waves, seems the living embodiment of force, and yet he is, as it were, harnessed to his exulting75 foes76, compelled to take them with him in spite of his evident desire to shake himself free. While he goes at his best speed a near approach to him is manifestly impossible; but, vast as his energies are, the enormous mass of his own body carried along so rapidly soon tires him, and he slows down to five or six knots. Then all hands, except the one in charge and the helmsman, “tail on” to the line, and do their best to haul up alongside the whale. The steersman sheers the boat clear of his labouring flukes as she comes close to him, and then allows her to point inward towards his broad flank, while the lance-wielder seeks a vulnerable spot wherein to plunge77 his long, slender weapon. It is of little use to dart78 the lance as the harpoon is flung; such an action is far more likely to goad79 the whale into a new exhibition of energy than to do him any disabling injury. Being at such close quarters, it is far more sportsmanlike, as well as effectual, to thrust the lance calmly and steadily80 into the huge mass of flesh so near at hand. If the aim has been well taken—say, just abaft81 and below the pectoral fin—more than one home-thrust will[225] hardly be needed, even in a whale of the largest size, and a careful watch must be kept upon the spout82-hole for the first sign of blood discolouring the monster’s breath. For that is evidence unmistakable of the beginning of the end. It shows that some vital part has been pierced, and although the whale-fishers always continue their “pumping” with the lance up to the very verge of disaster, once the whale has begun to spout blood it is quite unnecessary to continue the assault. Still, at this stage of the proceedings83 the primitive instincts are usually fully50 aroused, and nothing seems to satisfy them but persistent84 fury of attack, until the actual commencement of the tremendous death-agony or “flurry” of the noble beast gives even the most excited hunter warning that it is time to draw off and endeavour to keep clear of the last Titanic85 convulsions of the expiring monster. No other created being ever furnishes such a display of energy. Involuntarily one compares it with the awful manifestations86 of the earthquake, the volcano, or the cyclone87. And when at last the great creature yields up the dregs of his once amazing vitality88, no one possessing a spark of imagination can fail to be conscious of an under-current of compunction mingling89 with the swelling90 triumph of such a victory.
But the seeker after big sea-game should attack the rorqual if he would see sport indeed. For this agile91 monster has such a reputation for almost supernatural cunning that even if he were as valuable as he really is valueless commercially, it is highly doubtful[226] if he would ever be molested92. As it is, all the tribe are chartered libertines93, since no whaleman is likely to risk the loss of a boat’s gear for the barren honour of conquest. And not only so, but the rorquals, whether “fin-back,” “sulphur-bottom,” or “blue-back,” as well as the “hump-back” and grampus, make it a point of honour to sink when dead, unlike the “cachalot” or “Bowhead,” who float awash at first, but ever more buoyantly as the progress of decay within the immense abdominal94 cavity generates an accumulating volume of gas. Any old whaleman would evolve in the interests of sport no end of dodges95 for dealing96 with the wily rorqual, such as a collection of strongly attached bladders affixed97 to the line to stay his downward rush, short but broad-barbed harpoons, to get a better hold upon the thin coating of blubber, &c. In this kind of whaling there is quite sufficient danger to make the sport exciting in the highest degree. Not, however, from the attack of the animal hunted, but because his evolutions in the effort to escape are so marvellously vivacious98 that only the most expert and cool-headed boatsmanship can prevent a sudden severance99 of the nexus100 between boat and crew. A splendid day’s sport can be obtained with a school of blackfish. Although seldom exceeding a ton and a half in weight, these small whales are quite vigorous enough to make the chase of them as lively an episode as the most enthusiastic hunter could wish, especially if two or even three are harpooned101 one after the other on a single line, as the whalers’ custom is. The sensation of being harnessed as it[227] were to a trio of monsters, each about 25 feet long, and 8 feet in girth, every one anxious to flee in a different direction at the highest speed he can muster102, and in their united gambols103 making the sea boil like a pot, is one that, once experienced, is never likely to be forgotten. The mere104 memory of that mad frolic over the heaving bosom105 of the bright sea makes the blood leap to the face, makes the nerves twitch106, and the heart long to be away from the placid107 round of everyday life upon the bright free wave again. Even a school of porpoises108, in default of nobler game, can furnish a lively hour or two, especially if they be of a fair size, say up to three or four hundredweight each. But of a truth there need be no fear of a lack of game. The swift passage from port to port made by passenger vessels109 is apt to leave the voyager with the impression that the sea is a barren waste, but such an idea is wholly false. Even the sailing-ships, bound though they may be to make the shortest possible time between ports, are compelled by failure of wind to see enough of the everyday life of the sea-population to know better than that, and whoso gives himself up to the glamour111 of sea-study, making no haste to rush from place to place, but leisurely112 loitering along the wide plains of ocean, shall find each day a new world unfolding itself before his astonished eyes, a world of marvels113, infinitely114 small, as well as wondrous115 great—from the thousand and one miracles that go to make up the “Plankton” to the antediluvian116 whale.
Fishing in its more heroic phases is obtainable[228] in deep-sea cruising as nowhere else. The hungry sailor, perched upon the flying jib-boom end, drops his line, baited with a fluttering fragment of white rag, and watches it with eager eyes as it skips from crest118 to crest of the foam-tipped wavelets, brushed aside by the advancing hull119 of his ship. And although his ideas are wholly centred upon dinner—something savoury, to replace the incessant120 round of salt beef and rancid pork—he cannot help but feel the zest121 of sport when upward to his clumsy lure110 come rushing eagerly dolphin, bonito, or skipjack. But if—putting all lesser122 fish to flight—the mighty albacore leaps majestically123 at his bait, prudence124 compels him to withdraw from the unequal contest; he knows that he stands not the remotest chance of hauling such a huge trophy125 up to his lofty perch117, or of holding him there, should he be able to get a grip of him. To the scientific angler, however, equipped with the latest resources of fishing-tackle experts, and able to devote all the manipulation of his vessel to the capture of such a trophy, the fishing of the albacore would be the acme126 of all angling experiences. Good sport can be got out of a school of large dolphin or bonito, their vigorous full-blooded strife127 being a revelation to those who only know the lordly salmon or skittish128 trout, but the albacore is the supreme129 test of the angler’s ability. Shark-fishing is very tame after it. For the shark, though powerful, has none of the dash and energy which characterise the albacore, and would soon be an object of scorn to a fisherman who had succeeded in catching130 the monarch[229] of the mackerel tribe. But if the fisherman, cruising near the confines of the Caribbean Sea, should come across one of those nightmares known as alligator-guards or devil-fish, a species of ray often one hundred and twenty feet in area, he would find a new sensation in its chase and capture, besides being the possessor of such a marine131 specimen132 as is at present lacking to any museum in the world.
And this brings the reflection, which may fittingly draw this article to a close, that not the least of the delights which such a cruise must bring to one fortunate enough to enjoy it would be the incalculable service rendered to marine natural history. This branch of science offers an almost illimitable field to the student. It is nearly a new world awaiting its Columbus, and it is not difficult to foresee that before very long it will have found its votaries133 among men of wealth, leisure, and energy, delighted to enter into the joy of a happy hunting-ground of boundless134 extent and inexhaustible fecundity135.
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1
unlimited
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| adj.无限的，不受控制的，无条件的 | |
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deplore
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| vt.哀叹，对...深感遗憾 | |
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allied
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| adj.协约国的；同盟国的 | |
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extinction
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| n.熄灭，消亡，消灭，灭绝，绝种 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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preservation
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| n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持 | |
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opportune
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| adj.合适的，适当的 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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entailed
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| 使…成为必要( entail的过去式和过去分词 )； 需要； 限定继承； 使必需 | |
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invalid
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| n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的 | |
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malaria
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| n.疟疾 | |
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harassed
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| adj. 疲倦的，厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词 | |
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verge
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| n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临 | |
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oversight
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| n.勘漏，失察，疏忽 | |
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saturated
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| a.饱和的，充满的 | |
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maniac
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| n.精神癫狂的人；疯子 | |
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prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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fascination
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| n.令人着迷的事物，魅力，迷恋 | |
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elation
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| n.兴高采烈，洋洋得意 | |
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brute
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| n.野兽，兽性 | |
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primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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wading
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| （从水、泥等）蹚，走过，跋( wade的现在分词 ) | |
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toiling
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| 长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的现在分词 )； 艰难缓慢地移动，跋涉 | |
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Augmented
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| adj.增音的 动词augment的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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miseries
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| n.痛苦( misery的名词复数 )；痛苦的事；穷困；常发牢骚的人 | |
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luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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craving
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| n.渴望,热望 | |
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squandering
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| v.（指钱，财产等）浪费，乱花( squander的现在分词 ) | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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auxiliary
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| adj.辅助的，备用的 | |
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circumspection
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| n.细心，慎重 | |
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procurable
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| adj.可得到的，得手的 | |
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harpoon
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| n.鱼叉；vt.用鱼叉叉，用鱼叉捕获 | |
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strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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outlay
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| n.费用，经费，支出；v.花费 | |
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harpoons
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| n.鱼镖，鱼叉( harpoon的名词复数 )v.鱼镖，鱼叉( harpoon的第三人称单数 ) | |
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excellence
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| n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德 | |
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essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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fowl
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| n.家禽，鸡，禽肉 | |
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seamen
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| n.海员 | |
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virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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sperm
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| n.精子，精液 | |
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vanquished
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| v.征服( vanquish的过去式和过去分词 )；战胜；克服；抑制 | |
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trout
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| n.鳟鱼；鲑鱼(属) | |
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salmon
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| n.鲑，大马哈鱼，橙红色的 | |
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naturalists
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| n.博物学家( naturalist的名词复数 )；（文学艺术的）自然主义者 | |
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cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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leeward
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| adj.背风的；下风的 | |
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52
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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fathoms
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| 英寻( fathom的名词复数 ) | |
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lessening
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| 减轻，减少，变小 | |
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uncertainty
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| n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物 | |
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mightiest
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| adj.趾高气扬( mighty的最高级 )；巨大的；强有力的；浩瀚的 | |
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retaliate
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| v.报复，反击 | |
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58
hurled
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| v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的过去式和过去分词 )；大声叫骂 | |
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59
shaft
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| n.(工具的)柄，杆状物 | |
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hissing
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| n. 发嘶嘶声, 蔑视 动词hiss的现在分词形式 | |
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foam
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| v./n.泡沫，起泡沫 | |
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resounds
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| v.（指声音等）回荡于某处( resound的第三人称单数 )；产生回响；（指某处）回荡着声音 | |
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63
uproar
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| n.骚动，喧嚣，鼎沸 | |
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flake
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| v.使成薄片；雪片般落下；n.薄片 | |
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neatly
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| adv.整洁地，干净地，灵巧地，熟练地 | |
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interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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grudgingly
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68
jaws
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| n.口部；嘴 | |
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gaping
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| adj.口的；张口的；敞口的；多洞穴的v.目瞪口呆地凝视( gape的现在分词 )；张开，张大 | |
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70
watchfulness
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| 警惕，留心； 警觉（性） | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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72
wary
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| adj.谨慎的，机警的，小心的 | |
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73
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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74
strenuous
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| adj.奋发的，使劲的；紧张的；热烈的，狂热的 | |
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75
exulting
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| vi. 欢欣鼓舞，狂喜 | |
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76
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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77
plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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dart
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| v.猛冲，投掷；n.飞镖，猛冲 | |
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79
goad
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| n.刺棒，刺痛物；激励；vt.激励，刺激 | |
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steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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81
abaft
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| prep.在…之后；adv.在船尾，向船尾 | |
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82
spout
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| v.喷出，涌出；滔滔不绝地讲；n.喷管；水柱 | |
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83
proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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84
persistent
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| adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的 | |
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85
titanic
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| adj.巨人的，庞大的，强大的 | |
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86
manifestations
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| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
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87
cyclone
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| n.旋风，龙卷风 | |
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88
vitality
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| n.活力，生命力，效力 | |
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89
mingling
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| adj.混合的 | |
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90
swelling
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| n.肿胀 | |
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agile
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| adj.敏捷的，灵活的 | |
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molested
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| v.骚扰( molest的过去式和过去分词 )；干扰；调戏；猥亵 | |
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93
libertines
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| n.放荡不羁的人，淫荡的人( libertine的名词复数 ) | |
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abdominal
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| adj.腹（部）的，下腹的；n.腹肌 | |
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95
dodges
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| n.闪躲( dodge的名词复数 )；躲避；伎俩；妙计v.闪躲( dodge的第三人称单数 )；回避 | |
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dealing
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| n.经商方法，待人态度 | |
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affixed
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| adj.[医]附着的，附着的v.附加( affix的过去式和过去分词 )；粘贴；加以；盖（印章） | |
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vivacious
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| adj.活泼的，快活的 | |
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99
severance
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| n.离职金；切断 | |
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100
nexus
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| n.联系；关系 | |
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101
harpooned
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| v.鱼镖，鱼叉( harpoon的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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102
muster
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| v.集合，收集，鼓起，激起；n.集合，检阅，集合人员，点名册 | |
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103
gambols
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| v.蹦跳，跳跃，嬉戏( gambol的第三人称单数 ) | |
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104
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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105
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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106
twitch
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| v.急拉，抽动，痉挛，抽搐；n.扯，阵痛，痉挛 | |
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107
placid
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| adj.安静的，平和的 | |
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108
porpoises
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| n.鼠海豚( porpoise的名词复数 ) | |
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109
vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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110
lure
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| n.吸引人的东西，诱惑物；vt.引诱，吸引 | |
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111
glamour
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| n.魔力，魅力；vt.迷住 | |
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112
leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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113
marvels
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| n.奇迹( marvel的名词复数 )；令人惊奇的事物（或事例）；不平凡的成果；成就v.惊奇，对…感到惊奇( marvel的第三人称单数 ) | |
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114
infinitely
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| adv.无限地，无穷地 | |
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115
wondrous
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| adj.令人惊奇的，奇妙的；adv.惊人地；异乎寻常地；令人惊叹地 | |
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116
antediluvian
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| adj.史前的，陈旧的 | |
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117
perch
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| n.栖木，高位，杆；v.栖息，就位，位于 | |
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118
crest
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| n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖 | |
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119
hull
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| n.船身；(果、实等的)外壳；vt.去(谷物等)壳 | |
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120
incessant
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| adj.不停的，连续的 | |
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121
zest
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| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
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122
lesser
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| adj.次要的，较小的；adv.较小地，较少地 | |
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123
majestically
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| 雄伟地； 庄重地； 威严地； 崇高地 | |
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124
prudence
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| n.谨慎，精明，节俭 | |
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125
trophy
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| n.优胜旗，奖品，奖杯，战胜品，纪念品 | |
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126
acme
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| n.顶点，极点 | |
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127
strife
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| n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争 | |
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128
skittish
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| adj.易激动的，轻佻的 | |
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129
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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130
catching
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| adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住 | |
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131
marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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132
specimen
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| n.样本，标本 | |
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133
votaries
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| n.信徒( votary的名词复数 )；追随者；（天主教）修士；修女 | |
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134
boundless
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| adj.无限的；无边无际的；巨大的 | |
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135
fecundity
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| n.生产力；丰富 | |
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