It must have been immediately after we arrived that they made an attempt to teach us their language. Two females were detailed6 for this duty. We were given unlimited7 freedom within certain bounds, which were well indicated by the several sentries8 which constantly watched from the summit of hills surrounding the village. Past these we could not go, nor do I know that we had any particular desire to do so, since we realized only too well that there would be little chance of our regaining9 the ship should we escape the village, inasmuch as we had not the remotest idea in what direction it lay.
Our one hope lay in learning their language, and then utilizing10 our knowledge in acquiring some definite information as to the surrounding country and the location of The Barsoom.
It did not seem to take us very long to learn their tongue, though, of course, I realize that it may really have been months. Almost before we knew it, we were conversing11 freely with our captors. When I say freely, it is possible that I exaggerate a trifle, for though we could understand them fairly well, it was with difficulty that we made ourselves understood, yet we managed it some way, handicapped as we were by the peculiarities12 of the most remarkable13 language of which I have any knowledge.
It is a very difficult language to speak, and as a written language, would be practically impossible. For example, there is their word gu-e-ho, for which Orthis and I discovered twenty-seven separate and distinct meanings, and that there are others I have little or no doubt. Their speech is more aptly described as song, the meaning of each syllable14 being governed by the note in which it is sung. They speak in five notes, which we may describe as A, B, C, D and E. Gu sung in A means something radically15 different from gu sung in E, and again if gu is sung in A, followed by e in G, it means something other than if gu had been sung in D followed by e in A.
Fortunately for us, there are no words of over three syllables16, and most of them consist of only one or two, or we should have been entirely lost. The resulting speech, however, is extremely beautiful, and Orthis used to say that if he closed his eyes, he could imagine himself living constantly in grand opera.
The chief’s name, as we learned, was Ga-va-go; the name of the tribe or village was No-vans, while the race to which they belonged was known as Va-gas.
When I felt that I had mastered the language sufficiently17 well to make myself at least partially18 understood, I asked to speak to Ga-va-go, and shortly thereafter, I was taken to him.
“You have learned our speech?” he asked.
I nodded in the affirmative. “I have,” I said, “and I have come to ask why we are held captives and what you intend to do with us. We did not come to seek a quarrel with you. We wish only to be friends, and to be allowed to go our way in peace.”
“What manner of creature are you,” he asked, “and where do you come from?”
I asked him if he had ever heard of the Sun or the stars or the other planets or any worlds outside his own, and he replied that he had not, and that there were no such things.
“But there are, Ga-va-go,” I said, “and I and my companion are from another world, far, far outside your own. An accident brought us here. Give us back our weapons, and let us go.”
He shook his head negatively.
“Where you come from, do you eat one another?” he asked.
“No,” I replied, “we do not.”
“Why?” he asked, and I saw his eyes narrow as he awaited my reply.
Was it mental telepathy or just luck that put the right answer in my mouth, for somehow, intuitively, I seemed to grasp what was in the creature’s mind.
“Our flesh is poison,” I said, “those who eat it die.”
He looked at me then for a long time, with an expression upon his face which I could not interpret. It may have been that he doubted my word, or again, it may have been that my reply confirmed his suspicion, I do not know; but presently he asked me another question.
“Are there many like you in the land where you live?”
“Millions upon millions,” I replied.
“And what do they eat?”
“They eat fruits and vegetables and the flesh of animals,” I answered.
“What animals?” he asked.
“I have seen no animals here like them,” I replied, “but there are many kinds unlike us, so that we do not have to eat flesh of our own race.”
“Then you have all the flesh that you want?”
“All that we can eat,” I replied. “We raise these animals for their flesh.”
“Where is your country?” he demanded. “Take me to it.”
I smiled. “I cannot take you to it,” I said. “It is upon another world.”
“Do you wish to die?” he demanded.
“Then you will lead me to your country,” he said, “where there is plenty of flesh for everyone. You may think about it until I send for you again. Go!” And thus he dismissed me. Then he sent for Orthis, but what Orthis told him, I never knew exactly, for he would not tell me, and as our relations, even in our captivity23, were far from friendly, I did not urge him to any confidences. I had occasion to notice, however, that from that time Ga-va-go indicated a marked preference for Orthis, and the latter was often called to his hut.
I was momentarily expecting to be summoned in to Ga-va-go’s presence, and learn my fate, when he discovered that I could not lead him to my country, where flesh was so plentiful. But at about this time we broke camp, and in the press of other matters, he evidently neglected to take any further immediate action in my case, or at least, so I thought, until I later had reason to suspect that he felt that he need no longer depend upon me to lead him to this land of milk and honey.
The Va-gas are a nomadic24 race, moving hither and thither25, either as they are pressed by some foes26, or till their victories have frightened away the other tribes from their vicinity, in either of which events, they march in search of fresh territory. The move that we made now was necessitated27 by the fact that all the other tribes nearby had fled before the ferocity of the No-vans, whose repeated and successful raids had depleted28 the villages of their neighbors and filled them with terror.
The breaking of camp was a wonderfully simple operation. All their few belongings29, consisting of extra clothing, trappings, weapons, and their treasured skulls30 and bones of victims, were strapped31 to the backs of the women. Orthis and I each bestrode a warrior32 detailed by Ga-va-go for the purpose of transporting us, and we filed out of the village, leaving the huts behind.
Ga-va-go, with a half-dozen warriors33, galloped34 far ahead. Then came a strong detachment of warriors, with the women folks behind them, another detachment of warriors following in the rear of the women and children, while others rode upon either flank. A mile or so in the rear, came three warriors, and there were two or three scattered36 far out on either flank. Thus we moved, thoroughly37 protected against surprise, regulating our speed by that of the point with which Ga-va-go traveled.
Because of the women and the children, we moved more slowly than warriors do when on the march alone, when they seldom, if ever, travel slower than a trot38, and more generally, at a fast gallop35. We moved along a well-worn trail, passing several deserted39 villages, from which the prey40 of the No-vans had fled. We crossed many rivers, for the lunar world is well watered. We skirted several lakes, and at one point of high ground, I saw, far at our left, the waters of what appeared to be a great ocean.
There was never a time when Orthis and I were not plentifully41 supplied with food, for there is an abundance of it growing throughout all the territory we crossed, but the No-vans had been without flesh for several days and were, in consequence, mad with hunger, as the fruits and vegetables which they ate seemed not to satisfy them at all.
We were moving along at a brisk trot when, without warning, we were struck by a sudden gust42 of wind that swept, cold and refreshing43, down from some icy mountain fastness. The effect upon the No-vans was electrical. I would not have had to understand their language to realize that they were terrified. They looked apprehensively44 about and increased their speed as though endeavoring to overtake Ga-va-go, who was now far ahead with the point. A moment later a dash of rain struck us, and then it was every man for himself and the devil take the hindmost, as they broke into a wild stampede to place themselves close to their chief. Their hysterical45 flight was like the terrorized rush of wild cattle. They jostled and tripped one another, and stumbled and fell and were trampled46 upon, in their haste to escape.
Old Ga-va-go had stopped with his point, and was waiting for us. Those who accompanied him seemed equally terrified with the rest, but evidently they did not dare run until Ga-va-go gave the word. I think, however, that they all felt safer when they were close to him, for they had a great deal of confidence in him, yet they were still pretty badly frightened, and it would not have taken much to have set them off again into another rout47. Ga-va-go waited until the last of the rearguard straggled in, and then he set off directly toward the mountains, the entire tribe moving in a compact mass, though they might have fallen easy prey to an ambush48 or any sudden attack. They knew, however, what I half guessed, that knowing that their enemies were as terrified of the storm as they, there was little danger of their being attacked—none whatever, in fact.
We came at last to a hillside covered with great trees which offered some protection from both the wind and the rain, which had now arisen to the proportion of a hurricane.
As we came to a halt, I slipped from the back of the warrior who had been carrying me, and found myself beside one of the women who had taught Orthis and me the language of the Va-gas.
“Why is everyone so terrified?” I asked her.
“It is Zo-al,” she whispered, fearfully. “He is angry.”
“Who is Zo-al?” I asked.
She looked at me in wide-eyed astonishment49. “Who is Zo-al!” she repeated. “They told me that you said that you came from another world, and I can well believe it, when you ask, who is Zo-al?”
“Well, who is he?” I insisted.
“He is a great beast,” she whispered. “He is everywhere. He lives in all the great holes in the ground, and when he is angry, he comes forth50 and makes the water fall and the air run away. We know that there is no water up there,” and she pointed51 toward the sky. “But when Zo-al is angry, he makes water fall from where there is no water, so mighty52 is Zo-al, and he makes the air to run away so that the trees fall before it as it rushes past, and huts are knocked flat or carried high above the ground. And then, O terror of terrors, he makes a great noise, before which mighty warriors fall upon the ground and cover up their ears. We have angered Zo-al, and he is punishing us, and I do not dare to ask him not to send the big noise.”
It was at that instant that there broke upon my ears the most terrific detonation53 that I have ever heard. So terrific was it that I thought my ear drums had burst, and simultaneously54, a great ball of fire seemed to come rolling down from the mountain heights above us.
The woman, covering her ears, shuddered55, and when she saw the ball of fire, she voiced a piercing shriek56.
“The light that devours57!” she cried. “When that comes too, it is the end, for then is Zo-al mad with rage.”
The ground shook to the terrifying noise, and though the ball of fire did not pass close to us, still could I feel the heat of it even as it went by at a distance, leaving a trail of blackened and smoking vegetation in its rear. What flames there were, the torrential rain extinguished almost immediately. It must have traveled about ten miles, down toward the sea, across rolling hills and level valleys, when suddenly it burst, the explosion being followed by a report infinitely58 louder than that which I had first heard. An earthquake could scarce have agitated59 the ground more terrifyingly than did this peal60 of lunar thunder.
I had witnessed my first lunar electrical storm, and I did not wonder that the inhabitants of this strange world were terrified by it. They attribute these storms, as they do all their troubles, to Zo-al, a great beast, which is supposed to dwell in the depth of the lunar craters61, the lower ends of which open into the interior lunar world. As we cowered62 there among the trees, I wondered if they were not afraid that the wind would blow the forest down and crush them, and I asked the woman who stood beside me.
“Yes,” she said, “that often happens, but more often does it happen that if one is caught in a clearing, the air that runs away picks him up and carries him along to drop him from a great height upon the hard ground. The trees bend before they break, and those who watch are warned, and they escape destruction if they are quick. When the wind that runs seizes one, there is no escape.”
“It seems to me,” I said, “that it would have been safer if Ga-va-go had led us into one of those sheltered ravines,” and I indicated a gorge63 in the hillside at our right.
“No,” she said, “Ga-va-go is wise. He led us to the safest spot. We are sheltered from the air that runs away, and perhaps a little from the light that devours, nor can the waters that drown, reach us here, for presently they will fill that ravine full.”
Nor was she wrong. Rushing down from the hillside, the water poured in torrents64 into the ravine, and presently, though it must have been twenty or thirty feet deep, it was filled almost to overflowing65. Whoever had sought refuge there, would have been drowned and washed away to the big ocean far below. It was evident that Ga-va-go had not been actuated solely66 by blind terror, though I came to know that he must have felt terror, for these terrible electrical storms alone can engender67 it in the breasts of these fearless and ferocious21 people.
The storm must have lasted for a considerable time; how long, of course, I do not know, but some idea of its duration may be gained by the fact that I became hungry and ate of the fruit of the trees, which sheltered us, at least six times, and slept twice. We were soaked to the skin and very cold, for the rain evidently came from a great altitude. During the entire storm, the No-vans scarcely moved from their positions beneath the trees, with their backs toward the storm, where they stood with lowered heads like cattle. We experienced twelve detonations68 of the ground-shaking thunder, and witnessed six manifestations69 of the light that devours. Trees had fallen all about us, and as far as we could see, the grasses lay flat and matted upon the ground. They told me that storms of the severity of this were infrequent, though rain and wind, accompanied by electrical manifestations, might be expected at any season of the year—I use that expression from habit, for one can scarcely say that there are any well-marked seasonal70 changes within the Moon that could indicate corresponding divisions of time as upon the Earth. From what I was able to gather from observation and from questioning the Va-gas, lunar vegetation reproduces itself entirely independent of any seasonal restrictions71, the frequency and temperature of the rains having, seemingly, the greatest influence in the matter. A period of drought and cold rains retards72 growth and germination73, while frequent warm rains have an opposite effect, the result being that you find vegetation of the same variety in all stages of development, growing side by side—blossoms upon one tree, fruit upon another, and the dry seed-pods upon a third. Not even, therefore, by the growth of plant life, might one measure time within the Moon, and the period of gestation74 among the Va-gas is similarly irregular, being affected75 by the physical condition of the female as well as by climatic conditions, I imagine. When the tribe is well-fed, and the weather warm, the warriors victorious76, and the minds of the women at peace, they bring forth their young in an incredibly short period. On the other hand, a period of cold, or of hunger, and of long marches, following defeat, induces an opposite result. It seems to me that the females nurse their young for a very short period of time, for they grow rapidly, and as soon as their molars are through, and they can commence eating meat, they are weaned. They are devilish little rascals77, their youthful exuberance78 finding its outlet79 in acts of fiendish cruelty. As they are not strong enough to inflict80 their tortures on adults they perpetrate them upon one another, with the result that the weaker are often killed, after they are weaned and have left the protection of their savage81 mothers. Of course, they tried to play some of their fiendish tricks on Orthis and myself, but after we had knocked a few of them down, they left us severely82 alone.
During the storm, they huddled83, shivering and cold, against the adults. Possibly I should be ashamed to say it, but I felt no pity for them, and rather prayed that they would all be chilled to death, so hateful and wantonly cruel were they. As they become adults, they are less wanton in their atrocities84, though no less cruel, their energies, however, being intelligently directed upon the two vital interests of their lives—procuring flesh and women.
Shortly after the rain ceased, the wind began to abate85, and as I was cold, cramped86 and uncomfortable, I walked out into the open, in search of exercise that would stimulate87 my circulation and warm me again. As I walked briskly to and fro, looking here and there at the evidences of the recent storm, my glance chanced to rise toward the sky, and there I saw what appeared at first to be a huge bird, a few hundred feet above the forest in which we had sought shelter. It was flapping its great wings weakly and seemed to be almost upon the verge88 of exhaustion89, and though I could see that it was attempting to fly back in the direction of the mountains, the force of the wind was steadily90 carrying it in the direction of the lowlands and the sea. Presently it would be directly above me, and as it drew nearer, I knit my brows in puzzlement, for except for its wings, and what appeared to be a large hump upon its back, its form bore a striking resemblance to that of a human being.
Some of the No-vans evidently saw me looking upwards91 thus interestedly, and prompted by curiosity, joined me. When they saw the creature flying weakly overhead, they set up a great noise, until presently all the tribe had run into the open and were looking up at the thing above us.
The wind was lessening92 rapidly, but it still was strong enough to carry the creature gently toward us, and at the same time I perceived that whatever it was, it was falling slowly to the ground, or more correctly, sinking slowly.
“It is a U-ga,” he replied. “Now shall we eat.”
I had seen no birds in the lunar world, and as I knew they would not eat the flying reptiles94, I guessed that this must be some species of bird life, but as it dropped closer, I became more and more convinced that it was a winged human being, or at least a winged creature with human form.
As it fluttered toward the ground, the No-vans ran along to meet it, waiting for it to fall within reach. As they did so, Ga-va-go called to them to bring the creature to him alive and unharmed.
I was about a hundred yards from the spot, when the poor thing finally fell into their clutches. They dragged it to the ground roughly, and a moment later I was horrified95 to see them tear its wings from it and the hump from its back. There was a great deal of grumbling96 at Ga-va-go’s order, as following the storm and their long fast, the tribe was ravenously97 hungry.
“Flesh, flesh!” they growled98. “We are hungry. Give us flesh!” But Ga-va-go paid no attention to them, standing to one side beneath a tree, awaiting the prisoner that they were bringing toward him.
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1
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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plentiful
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| adj.富裕的，丰富的 | |
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immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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detailed
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| adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的 | |
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7
unlimited
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| adj.无限的，不受控制的，无条件的 | |
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sentries
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| 哨兵，步兵( sentry的名词复数 ) | |
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regaining
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| 复得( regain的现在分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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utilizing
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| v.利用，使用( utilize的现在分词 ) | |
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conversing
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| v.交谈，谈话( converse的现在分词 ) | |
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peculiarities
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| n. 特质, 特性, 怪癖, 古怪 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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syllable
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| n.音节；vt.分音节 | |
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radically
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| ad.根本地，本质地 | |
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syllables
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| n.音节( syllable的名词复数 ) | |
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sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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partially
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| adv.部分地，从某些方面讲 | |
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scowled
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| 怒视，生气地皱眉( scowl的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ferociously
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| 野蛮地，残忍地 | |
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ferocious
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| adj.凶猛的，残暴的，极度的，十分强烈的 | |
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longing
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| n.（for）渴望 | |
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captivity
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| n.囚禁；被俘；束缚 | |
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nomadic
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| adj.流浪的；游牧的 | |
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thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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necessitated
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| 使…成为必要，需要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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depleted
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| adj. 枯竭的, 废弃的 动词deplete的过去式和过去分词 | |
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belongings
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| n.私人物品，私人财物 | |
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skulls
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| 颅骨( skull的名词复数 )； 脑袋； 脑子； 脑瓜 | |
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strapped
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| adj.用皮带捆住的，用皮带装饰的；身无分文的；缺钱；手头紧v.用皮带捆扎(strap的过去式和过去分词)；用皮带抽打；包扎；给…打绷带 | |
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warrior
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| n.勇士，武士，斗士 | |
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warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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galloped
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| （使马）飞奔，奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 )； 快速做[说]某事 | |
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gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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trot
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| n.疾走，慢跑；n.老太婆；现成译本；(复数）trots:腹泻（与the 连用）；v.小跑，快步走，赶紧 | |
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deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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plentifully
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| adv. 许多地，丰饶地 | |
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gust
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| n.阵风，突然一阵（雨、烟等），（感情的）迸发 | |
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refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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apprehensively
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| adv.担心地 | |
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hysterical
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| adj.情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里般的 | |
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trampled
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| 踩( trample的过去式和过去分词 )； 践踏； 无视； 侵犯 | |
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rout
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| n.溃退，溃败；v.击溃，打垮 | |
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ambush
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| n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击 | |
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astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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50
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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51
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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52
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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53
detonation
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| n.爆炸；巨响 | |
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54
simultaneously
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| adv.同时发生地，同时进行地 | |
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shuddered
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| v.战栗( shudder的过去式和过去分词 )；发抖；（机器、车辆等）突然震动；颤动 | |
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shriek
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| v./n.尖叫，叫喊 | |
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devours
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| 吞没( devour的第三人称单数 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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infinitely
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| adv.无限地，无穷地 | |
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agitated
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| adj.被鼓动的，不安的 | |
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peal
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| n.钟声；v.鸣响 | |
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craters
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| n.火山口( crater的名词复数 )；弹坑等 | |
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cowered
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| v.畏缩，抖缩( cower的过去式 ) | |
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gorge
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| n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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torrents
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| n.倾注；奔流( torrent的名词复数 )；急流；爆发；连续不断 | |
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overflowing
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| n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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solely
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| adv.仅仅，唯一地 | |
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engender
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| v.产生，引起 | |
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detonations
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| n.爆炸 （声）( detonation的名词复数 ) | |
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manifestations
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| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
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seasonal
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| adj.季节的，季节性的 | |
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restrictions
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| 约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则） | |
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retards
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| 使减速( retard的第三人称单数 )； 妨碍； 阻止； 推迟 | |
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germination
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| n.萌芽，发生；萌发；生芽；催芽 | |
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gestation
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| n.怀孕；酝酿 | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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victorious
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| adj.胜利的，得胜的 | |
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rascals
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| 流氓( rascal的名词复数 )； 无赖； （开玩笑说法）淘气的人（尤指小孩）； 恶作剧的人 | |
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exuberance
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| n.丰富；繁荣 | |
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outlet
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| n.出口/路；销路；批发商店；通风口；发泄 | |
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inflict
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| vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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huddled
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| 挤在一起（huddle的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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atrocities
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| n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪 | |
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abate
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| vi.(风势，疼痛等)减弱，减轻，减退 | |
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cramped
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| a.狭窄的 | |
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stimulate
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| vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋 | |
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verge
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| n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临 | |
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exhaustion
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| n.耗尽枯竭，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽，详尽无遗的论述 | |
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steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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lessening
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| 减轻，减少，变小 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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reptiles
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| n.爬行动物，爬虫( reptile的名词复数 ) | |
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horrified
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| a.(表现出)恐惧的 | |
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grumbling
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| adj. 喃喃鸣不平的, 出怨言的 | |
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ravenously
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| adv.大嚼地，饥饿地 | |
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growled
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| v.（动物）发狺狺声， （雷）作隆隆声( growl的过去式和过去分词 )；低声咆哮着说 | |
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