Anecdotes1 of Poverty, and Experiments for the Benefit of Those Whom it May Concern.
His affairs being thus circumstanced, it is not to be supposed that he passed his time in tranquillity2. Every day ushered3 in new demands and fresh anxiety; for though his economy was frugal4, it could not be supported without money; and now not only his funds were drained, but also his private friends tired of relieving his domestic necessities; nay5, they began to relinquish6 his company, which formerly7 they had coveted8; and those who still favoured him with their company embittered9 that favour with disagreeable advice, mingled10 with impertinent reproof12. They loudly exclaimed against the last instance of his friendship for Fathom13, as a piece of wrong-headed extravagance, which neither his fortune could afford nor his conscience excuse; and alleged15 that such specimens16 of generosity17 are vicious in any man, let his finances be never so opulent, if he has any relations of his own who need his assistance; but altogether scandalous, not to say unjust, in a person who depends for his own support on the favour of his friends.
These expostulations did not even respect the beauteous, the accomplished18, the gentle-hearted, the orphan19 Monimia. Although they owned her perfections, and did not deny that it would be highly meritorious20 in any man of fortune to make her happy, they disapproved22 of Renaldo’s attachment23 to the fair beggar, made light of that intimate union of hearts which subsisted24 between the two lovers, and which no human consideration could dissolve; and some among them, in the consummation of their prudence25, ventured to hint a proposal of providing for her in the service of some lady of fashion.
Any reader of sensibility will easily conceive how these admonitions were relished27 by a young gentleman whose pride was indomitable, whose notions of honour were scrupulously28 rigid29 and romantic, whose temper was warm, and whose love was intense. Every such suggestion was as a dagger30 to his soul; and what rendered the torture more exquisite31, he lay under obligations to those very persons whose selfish and sordid32 sentiments he disdained33; so that he was restricted by gratitude34 from giving vent26 to his indignation, and his forlorn circumstances would not permit him to renounce35 their acquaintance. While he struggled with these mortifications, his wants grew more and more importunate37, and his creditors38 became clamorous40.
Fathom, to whom all his grievances41 were disclosed, lamented42 his hard hap21 with all the demonstrations43 of sympathy which he could expect to find in such a zealous44 adherent45. He upbraided46 himself incessantly47 as the cause of his patron’s distress48; took God to witness that he would rather have perished in gaol49 than have enjoyed his liberty, had he known it would have cost his dearest friend and benefactor50 one-tenth part of the anguish51 he now saw him suffer; and, in conclusion, the fervency52 of his affection glowed to such a degree, that he offered to beg, steal, or plunder53 on the highway, for Renaldo’s assistance.
Certain it is, he might have recollected54 a less disagreeable expedient55 than any of these to alleviate56 the pangs57 of this unhappy lover; for, at that very period he was possessed58 of money and moveables to the amount of a much greater sum than that which was necessary to remove the severest pangs of the Count’s misfortune. But, whether he did not reflect upon this resource, or was willing to let Melvil be better acquainted with adversity, which is the great school of life, I shall leave the reader to determine. Yet, so far was he from supplying the wants of the young Hungarian, that he did not scruple59 to receive a share of the miserable60 pittance61 which that gentleman made shift to extort62 from the complaisance63 of a few companions, whose countenance64 he still enjoyed.
Renaldo’s life was now become a sacrifice to the most poignant65 distress. Almost his whole time was engrossed66 by a double scheme, comprehending his efforts to render his departure practicable, and his expedients67 for raising the means of daily bread. With regard to the first, he exerted himself among a set of merchants, some of whom knew his family and expectations; and, for the last, he was fain to depend upon the assistance of a few intimates, who were not in a condition to furnish him with sums of consequence. These, however, gradually dropped off, on pretence68 of friendly resentment69 for his indiscreet conduct; so that he found himself naked and deserted70 by all his former companions, except one gentleman, with whom he had lived in the most unreserved correspondence, as with a person of the warmest friendship, and the most unbounded benevolence71; nay, he had actually experienced repeated proofs of his generosity; and such were the Count’s sentiments of the gratitude, love, and esteem72, which were due to the author of these obligations, that he would have willingly laid down his own life for his interest or advantage. He had already been at different times accommodated by this benefactor with occasional supplies, amounting in the whole to about forty or fifty pounds; and so fearful was he of taking any step by which he might forfeit73 the goodwill74 of this gentleman, that he struggled with unparelleled difficulty and vexation, before he could prevail upon himself to put his liberality to another proof.
What maxims75 of delicacy77 will not the dire78 calls of necessity infringe79! Reduced to the alternative of applying once more to that beneficence which had never failed him, or of seeing Monimia starve, he chose the first, as of two evils the least, and intrusted Fathom with a letter explaining the bitterness of his case. It was not without trepidation80 that he received in the evening from his messenger an answer to this billet; but what were his pangs when he learned the contents! The gentleman, after having professed81 himself Melvil’s sincere well-wisher, gave him to understand, that he was resolved for the future to detach himself from every correspondence which would be inconvenient82 for him to maintain; that he considered his intimacy83 with the Count in that light; yet, nevertheless, if his distress was really as great as he had described it, he would still contribute something towards his relief; and accordingly had sent by the bearer five guineas for that purpose; but desired him to take notice, that, in so doing, he laid himself under some difficulty.
Renaldo’s grief and mortification36 at this disappointment were unspeakable. He now saw demolished84 the last screen betwixt him and the extremity85 of indigence86 and woe87; he beheld88 the mistress of his soul abandoned to the bleakest89 scenes of poverty and want; and he deeply resented the lofty strain of the letter, by which he conceived himself treated as a worthless spendthrift and importunate beggar. Though his purse was exhausted90 to the last shilling; though he was surrounded with necessities and demands, and knew not how to provide another meal for his fair dependent, he, in opposition91 to all the suggestions and eloquence92 of Fathom, despatched him with the money and another billet, intimating, in the most respectful terms, that he approved of his friend’s new-adopted maxim76, which, for the future, he should always take care to remember; and that he had sent back the last instance of his bounty93, as a proof how little he was disposed to incommode his benefactor.
This letter, though sincerely meant, and written in a very serious mood, the gentleman considered as an ungrateful piece of irony94, and in that opinion complained to several persons of the Count’s acquaintance, who unanimously exclaimed against him as a sordid, unthankful, and profligate95 knave96, that abused and reviled97 those very people who had generously befriended him, whenever they found it inconvenient to nourish his extravagance with further supplies. Notwithstanding these accumulated oppressions, he still persevered98 with fortitude99 in his endeavours to disentangle himself from this maze100 of misery101. To these he was encouraged by a letter which about this time he received from his sister, importing, that she had good reason to believe the real will of her father had been suppressed for certain sinister102 views; and desiring him to hasten his departure for Hungary, where he would still find some friends who were both able and willing to support his cause. He had some trinkets left; the pawnbroker’s shop was still open; and hitherto he made shift to conceal104 from Monimia the extent of his affliction.
The money-broker103 whom he employed, after having amused him with a variety of schemes, which served no other purpose than that of protracting105 his own job, at length undertook to make him acquainted with a set of monied men who had been very venturous in lending sums upon personal security; he was therefore introduced to their club in the most favourable106 manner, after the broker had endeavoured to prepossess them separately, with magnificent ideas of his family and fortune.— By means of this anticipation107 he was received with a manifest relaxation108 of that severity which people of this class mingle11 in their aspects to the world in general; and they even vied with each other in their demonstrations of hospitality and respect; for every one in particular looked upon him as a young heir, who would bleed freely, and mortgage at cent. per cent.
Renaldo, buoyed109 up with these exterior110 civilities, began to flatter himself with hopes of success, which, however, were soon checked by the nature of the conversation; during which the chairman upbraided one of the members in open club for having once lent forty pounds upon slight security. The person accused alleged, in his own defence, that the borrower was his own kinsman111, whose funds he knew to be sufficient; that he had granted his bond, and been at the expense of insuring his life for the money; and, in conclusion, had discharged it to the day with great punctuality. These allegations were not deemed exculpatory112 by the rest of the assembly, who with one voice pronounced him guilty of unwarrantable rashness and indiscretion, which, in time coming, must undoubtedly113 operate to the prejudice of his character and credit.
This was a bitter declaration to the young Count, who nevertheless endeavoured to improve the footing he had gained among them, by courting their company, conforming to their manners, and attentively114 listening to their discourse115. When he had cultivated them with great assiduity for the space of some weeks, dined at their houses upon pressing invitations, and received repeated offers of service and friendship, believing that things were now ripe for the purpose, he, one day, at a tavern116 to which he had invited him to dinner, ventured to disclose his situation to him whose countenance was the least unpromising; and as he introduced the business with a proposal of borrowing money, he perceived his eyes sparkle with a visible alacrity117, from which he drew a happy presage118. But, alas119! this was no more than a transient gleam of sunshine, which was suddenly obumbrated by the sequel of his explanation; insomuch, that, when the merchant understood the nature of the security, his visage was involved in a most disagreeable gloom, and his eyes distorted into a most hideous120 obliquity121 of vision; indeed, he squinted122 so horribly, that Renaldo was amazed and almost affrighted at his looks, until he perceived that this distortion proceeded from concern for a silver tobacco box which he had laid down by him on the table, after having filled his pipe. As the youth proceeded to unfold his necessities, the other became gradually alarmed for this utensil123, to which he darted124 his eyes askance in this preternatural direction, until he had slyly secured it in his pocket.
Having made this successful conveyance125, he shifted his eyes alternately from the young gentleman to the broker for a considerable pause, during which he in silence reproached the last for introducing such a beggarly varlet to his acquaintance; then taking the pipe from his mouth, “Sir,” said he, addressing himself to the Count, “if I had all the inclination126 in the world to comply with your proposal, it is really not in my power. My correspondents abroad have remitted127 such a number of bad bills of late, that all my running cash hath been exhausted in supporting their credit. Mr. Ferret, sure I am, you was not ignorant of my situation; and I’m not a little surprised that you should bring the gentleman to me on business of this kind; but, as the wise man observes, Bray128 a fool in a mortar129, and he’ll never be wise.” So saying, with a most emphatic130 glance directed to the broker, he rung the bell, and called for the reckoning; when, finding that he was to be the guest of Renaldo, he thanked him drily for his good cheer, and in an abrupt131 manner took himself away.
Though baffled in this quarter, the young gentleman would not despair; but forthwith employed Mr. Ferret in an application to another of the society; who, after having heard the terms of his commission, desired him to tell his principal, that he could do nothing without the concurrence132 of his partner, who happened to be at that time in one of our American plantations133. A third being solicited134, excused himself on account of an oath which he had lately taken on the back of a considerable loss. A fourth being tried, made answer, that it was not in his way. And a fifth candidly135 owned, that he never lent money without proper security.
Thus the forlorn Renaldo tried every experiment without success, and now saw the last ray of hope extinguished. Well-nigh destitute136 of present support, and encompassed137 with unrelenting duns, he was obliged to keep within doors, and seek some comfort in the conversation of his charming mistress, and his faithful friend; yet, even there, he experienced the extremest rigour of adverse138 fate. Every rap at the door alarmed him with the expectation of some noisy tradesman demanding payment. When he endeavoured to amuse himself with drawing, some unlucky feature of the occasional portrait recalled the image of an obdurate139 creditor39, and made him tremble at the work of his own hands. When he fled for shelter to the flattering creation of fancy, some abhorred140 idea always started up amidst the gay vision, and dissolved the pleasing enchantment141.— Even the seraphic voice of Monimia had no longer power to compose the anxious tumults142 of his mind. Every song she warbled, every tune14 she played, recalled to his remembrance some scene of love and happiness elapsed; and overwhelmed his soul with the woful comparison of past and present fate. He saw all that was amiable143 and perfect in woman, all that he held most dear and sacred upon earth, tottering144 on the brink145 of misery, without knowing the danger of her situation, and found himself unable to prevent her fall, or even to forewarn her of the peril146; for as we have already observed, his soul could not brook147 the thought of communicating the tidings of distress to the tender-hearted Monimia.
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anecdotes
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| n.掌故，趣闻，轶事( anecdote的名词复数 ) | |
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tranquillity
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| n. 平静, 安静 | |
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ushered
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| v.引，领，陪同( usher的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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frugal
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| adj.节俭的，节约的，少量的，微量的 | |
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nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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relinquish
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| v.放弃，撤回，让与，放手 | |
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formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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coveted
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| adj.令人垂涎的；垂涎的，梦寐以求的v.贪求，觊觎(covet的过去分词)；垂涎；贪图 | |
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embittered
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| v.使怨恨，激怒( embitter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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mingle
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| vt.使混合，使相混；vi.混合起来；相交往 | |
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reproof
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| n.斥责，责备 | |
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fathom
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| v.领悟，彻底了解 | |
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tune
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| n.调子；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整 | |
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alleged
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| a.被指控的，嫌疑的 | |
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specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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generosity
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| n.大度，慷慨，慷慨的行为 | |
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accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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orphan
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| n.孤儿；adj.无父母的 | |
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meritorious
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| adj.值得赞赏的 | |
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hap
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| n.运气；v.偶然发生 | |
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disapproved
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| v.不赞成( disapprove的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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attachment
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| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
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subsisted
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| v.（靠很少的钱或食物）维持生活，生存下去( subsist的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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prudence
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| n.谨慎，精明，节俭 | |
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vent
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| n.通风口，排放口；开衩；vt.表达，发泄 | |
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relished
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| v.欣赏( relish的过去式和过去分词 )；从…获得乐趣；渴望 | |
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scrupulously
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| adv.一丝不苟地；小心翼翼地，多顾虑地 | |
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rigid
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| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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dagger
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| n.匕首，短剑，剑号 | |
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exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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sordid
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| adj.肮脏的，不干净的，卑鄙的，暗淡的 | |
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disdained
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| 鄙视( disdain的过去式和过去分词 )； 不屑于做，不愿意做 | |
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gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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renounce
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| v.放弃；拒绝承认，宣布与…断绝关系 | |
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mortification
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| n.耻辱，屈辱 | |
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importunate
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| adj.强求的；纠缠不休的 | |
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creditors
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| n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 ) | |
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creditor
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| n.债仅人，债主，贷方 | |
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clamorous
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| adj.吵闹的，喧哗的 | |
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grievances
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| n.委屈( grievance的名词复数 )；苦衷；不满；牢骚 | |
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lamented
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| adj.被哀悼的，令人遗憾的v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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demonstrations
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| 证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威 | |
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zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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adherent
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| n.信徒，追随者，拥护者 | |
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upbraided
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| v.责备，申斥，谴责( upbraid的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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incessantly
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| ad.不停地 | |
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distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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gaol
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| n.(jail)监狱；(不加冠词)监禁；vt.使…坐牢 | |
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benefactor
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| n. 恩人，行善的人，捐助人 | |
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anguish
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| n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼 | |
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fervency
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| n.热情的；强烈的；热烈 | |
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plunder
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| vt.劫掠财物，掠夺；n.劫掠物，赃物；劫掠 | |
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recollected
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| adj.冷静的；镇定的；被回忆起的；沉思默想的v.记起，想起( recollect的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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expedient
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| adj.有用的，有利的；n.紧急的办法，权宜之计 | |
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alleviate
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| v.减轻，缓和，缓解(痛苦等) | |
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pangs
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| 突然的剧痛( pang的名词复数 )； 悲痛 | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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scruple
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| n./v.顾忌，迟疑 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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pittance
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| n.微薄的薪水，少量 | |
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extort
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| v.勒索，敲诈，强要 | |
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complaisance
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| n.彬彬有礼，殷勤，柔顺 | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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poignant
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| adj.令人痛苦的，辛酸的，惨痛的 | |
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engrossed
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| adj.全神贯注的 | |
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expedients
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| n.应急有效的，权宜之计的( expedient的名词复数 ) | |
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pretence
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| n.假装，作假；借口，口实；虚伪；虚饰 | |
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resentment
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| n.怨愤，忿恨 | |
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deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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benevolence
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| n.慈悲，捐助 | |
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esteem
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| n.尊敬，尊重；vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作 | |
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forfeit
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| vt.丧失；n.罚金，罚款，没收物 | |
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goodwill
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| n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉 | |
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maxims
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| n.格言，座右铭( maxim的名词复数 ) | |
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maxim
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| n.格言，箴言 | |
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delicacy
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| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
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78
dire
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| adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的 | |
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79
infringe
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| v.违反，触犯，侵害 | |
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80
trepidation
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| n.惊恐，惶恐 | |
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81
professed
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| 公开声称的，伪称的，已立誓信教的 | |
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82
inconvenient
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| adj.不方便的，令人感到麻烦的 | |
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83
intimacy
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| n.熟悉，亲密，密切关系，亲昵的言行 | |
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84
demolished
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| v.摧毁( demolish的过去式和过去分词 )；推翻；拆毁（尤指大建筑物）；吃光 | |
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85
extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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86
indigence
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| n.贫穷 | |
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87
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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88
beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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89
bleakest
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| 阴冷的( bleak的最高级 )； （状况）无望的； 没有希望的； 光秃的 | |
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90
exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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91
opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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92
eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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93
bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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94
irony
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| n.反语，冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄 | |
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95
profligate
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| adj.行为不检的；n.放荡的人，浪子，肆意挥霍者 | |
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96
knave
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| n.流氓；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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97
reviled
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| v.辱骂，痛斥( revile的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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98
persevered
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| v.坚忍，坚持( persevere的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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99
fortitude
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| n.坚忍不拔；刚毅 | |
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100
maze
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| n.迷宫，八阵图，混乱，迷惑 | |
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101
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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102
sinister
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| adj.不吉利的，凶恶的，左边的 | |
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103
broker
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| n.中间人，经纪人；v.作为中间人来安排 | |
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104
conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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105
protracting
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| v.延长，拖延（某事物）( protract的现在分词 ) | |
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106
favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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107
anticipation
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| n.预期，预料，期望 | |
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108
relaxation
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| n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐 | |
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109
buoyed
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| v.使浮起( buoy的过去式和过去分词 )；支持；为…设浮标；振奋…的精神 | |
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110
exterior
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| adj.外部的，外在的；表面的 | |
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111
kinsman
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| n.男亲属 | |
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112
exculpatory
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| adj.辩解的，辩明无罪的 | |
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113
undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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114
attentively
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| adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神 | |
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115
discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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116
tavern
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| n.小旅馆，客栈；小酒店 | |
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117
alacrity
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| n.敏捷，轻快，乐意 | |
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118
presage
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| n.预感，不祥感；v.预示 | |
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119
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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120
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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121
obliquity
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| n.倾斜度 | |
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122
squinted
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| 斜视( squint的过去式和过去分词 )； 眯着眼睛； 瞟； 从小孔或缝隙里看 | |
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123
utensil
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| n.器皿，用具 | |
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124
darted
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的过去式和过去分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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125
conveyance
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| n.(不动产等的)转让，让与；转让证书；传送；运送；表达；（正）运输工具 | |
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126
inclination
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| n.倾斜；点头；弯腰；斜坡；倾度；倾向；爱好 | |
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127
remitted
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| v.免除（债务），宽恕( remit的过去式和过去分词 )；使某事缓和；寄回，传送 | |
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128
bray
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| n.驴叫声, 喇叭声；v.驴叫 | |
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129
mortar
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| n.灰浆，灰泥；迫击炮；v.把…用灰浆涂接合 | |
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130
emphatic
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| adj.强调的，着重的；无可置疑的，明显的 | |
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131
abrupt
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| adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 | |
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132
concurrence
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| n.同意；并发 | |
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133
plantations
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| n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 ) | |
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134
solicited
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| v.恳求( solicit的过去式和过去分词 )；（指娼妇）拉客；索求；征求 | |
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135
candidly
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| adv.坦率地，直率而诚恳地 | |
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136
destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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137
encompassed
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| v.围绕( encompass的过去式和过去分词 )；包围；包含；包括 | |
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138
adverse
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| adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的 | |
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139
obdurate
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| adj.固执的，顽固的 | |
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140
abhorred
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| v.憎恶( abhor的过去式和过去分词 )；（厌恶地）回避；拒绝；淘汰 | |
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141
enchantment
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| n.迷惑，妖术，魅力 | |
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142
tumults
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| 吵闹( tumult的名词复数 )； 喧哗； 激动的吵闹声； 心烦意乱 | |
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143
amiable
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| adj.和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的 | |
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144
tottering
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| adj.蹒跚的，动摇的v.走得或动得不稳( totter的现在分词 )；踉跄；蹒跚；摇摇欲坠 | |
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145
brink
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| n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿 | |
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146
peril
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| n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物 | |
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147
brook
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| n.小河，溪；v.忍受，容让 | |
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