The Art of Borrowing Further Explained, and an Account of a Strange Phenomenon.
In this manner did the artful incendiary work upon the passions of the credulous1 unsuspecting Hungarian, who pressed him to his breast with the most cordial expressions of friendship, calling him his guardian2, his saviour3, his second father, and gave himself up wholly to his advice.
Next morning, according to the plan they had laid overnight, they repaired to a tavern4 in the neighbourhood of the person to whom our adventurer had been directed, and were fortunate enough to find him in the house, transacting5 a money affair with a young gentleman who treated him with his morning’s whet6.
That affair being negotiated, he adjourned7 into another room with Renaldo and his companion, who were not a little surprised to see this minister of Plutus in the shape of a young sprightly8 beau, trimmed up in all the foppery of the fashion; for they had hitherto always associated with the idea of an usurer old age and rusty9 apparel. After divers10 modish11 congees12, he begged to know to what he should attribute the honour of their message; when Ferdinand, who acted the orator13, told him, that his friend Count Melvil, having occasion for a sum of money, had been directed to a gentleman of his name, “and, I suppose,” added he, “you are the son of the person with whom the affair is to be negotiated.”
“Sir,” said this petit-maitre, with a smile, “I perceive you are surprised to see one of my profession in the appearance of a gentleman; and perhaps your wonder will not cease, when I tell you, that my education was liberal, and that I once had the honour to bear a commission in the British army. I was indeed a first lieutenant14 of marines, and will venture to say, that no officer in the service was more delicate than myself in observing all the punctilios of honour. I entertained the utmost contempt for all the trading part of the nation, and suffered myself to be run through the body in a duel15, rather than roll with a brother-lieutenant, who was a broker’s son. But, thank Heaven! I have long ago conquered all those ridiculous prejudices. I soon observed, that without money there was no respect, honour, or convenience to be acquired in life; that wealth amply supplied the want of wit, merit, and pedigree, having influence and pleasure ever at command; and that the world never failed to worship the flood of affluence16, without examining the dirty channels through which it commonly flowed.
“At the end of the war, finding my appointments reduced to two shillings and fourpence per day, and being addicted17 to pleasures which I could not possibly purchase from such a fund, I sold my half-pay for two hundred pounds, which I lent upon bond to a young officer of the same regiment18, on condition that he should insure his life, and restore one-fourth part of the sum by way of premium19. I happened to be lucky in this first essay; for the borrower, having in six weeks expended20 the money, made an excursion on the highway, was apprehended21, tried, convicted of felony, and cut his own throat, to prevent the shame of a public execution; so that his bond was discharged by the insurers.
“In short, gentlemen, when I engaged in this business, I determined22 to carry it on with such spirit, as would either make my fortune, or entirely23 ruin me in a little time; and hitherto my endeavours have been tolerably successful. Nor do I think my proceedings24 a whit25 more criminal or unjust than those of other merchants, who strive to turn their money to the best account. The commodity I deal in is cash; and it is my business to sell it to the best advantage. A London factor sends a cargo26 of goods to market, and if he gets two hundred per cent upon the sale, he is commended for industry and address. If I sell money for one-fourth part of that profit, certain persons will be so unjust as to cry, Shame upon me, for taking such advantage of my neighbour’s distress27; not considering, that the trader took four times the same advantage of those people who bought his cargo, though his risk was not half so great as mine, and although the money I sold perhaps retrieved28 the borrower from the very jaws30 of destruction. For example, it was but yesterday I saved a worthy31 man from being arrested for a sum of money, for which he had bailed32 a friend who treacherously33 left him in the lurch34. As he did not foresee what would happen, he had made no provision for the demand, and his sphere of life secluding35 him from all sorts of monied intercourse36, he could not raise the cash by his credit in the usual way of borrowing; so that, without my assistance, he must have gone to jail; a disgrace which would have proved fatal to the peace of his family, and utterly37 ruined his reputation.— Nay38, that very young gentleman, from whom I am just now parted, will, in all probability, be indebted to me for a very genteel livelihood39. He had obtained the absolute promise of being provided for by a great man, who sits at the helm of affairs in a neighbouring kingdom; but, being destitute40 of all other resources, he could not have equipped himself for the voyage, in order to profit by his lordship’s intention, unless I had enabled him to pursue his good fortune.”
Renaldo was not a little pleased to hear this harangue41, to which Fathom42 replied with many florid encomiums upon the usurer’s good sense and humane43 disposition44; then he explained the errand of his friend, which was to borrow three hundred pounds, in order to retrieve29 his inheritance, of which he had been defrauded45 in his absence.
“Sir,” said the lender, addressing himself to Count Melvil, “I pretend to have acquired by experience some skill in physiognomy; and though there are some faces so deeply disguised as to baffle all the penetration46 of our art, there are others, in which the heart appears with such nakedness of integrity, as at once to recommend it to our goodwill47. I own your countenance48 prepossesses me in your favour; and you shall be accommodated, upon those terms from which I never deviate49, provided you can find proper security, that you shall not quit the British dominions50; for that, with me, is a condition sine qua non.”
This was a very disagreeable declaration to Renaldo, who candidly51 owned, that, as his concerns lay upon the Continent, his purpose was to leave England without delay. The usurer professed52 himself sorry that it was not in his power to oblige him; and, in order to prevent any further importunity53, assured them, he had laid it down as a maxim54, from which he would never swerve55, to avoid all dealings with people whom, if need should be, he could not sue by the laws of this realm.
Thus the intervention57 of one unlucky and unforeseen circumstance blasted in an instant the budding hopes of Melvil, who, while his visage exhibited the most sorrowful disappointment, begged to know, if there was any person of his acquaintance who might be less scrupulous58 in that particular.
The young gentleman directed them to another member of his profession, and wishing them success, took his leave with great form and complaisance59. This instance of politeness was, however, no more than a shift to disengage himself the more easily from their entreaties60; for, when the case was opened to the second usurer, he blessed himself from such customers, and dismissed them with the most mortifying61 and boorish62 refusal. Notwithstanding these repulses63, Renaldo resolved to make one desperate push; and, without allowing himself the least respite64, solicited65, one by one, not fewer than fifteen persons who dealt in this kind of traffic, and his proposals were rejected by each. At last, fatigued66 by the toil67, and exasperated68 at the ill success of his expedition, and half mad with the recollection of his finances, which were now drained to half-a-crown, “Since we have nothing to expect,” cried he, “from the favour of Christians69, let us have recourse to the descendants of Judah. Though they lie under the general reproach of nations, as a people dead to virtue71 and benevolence72, and wholly devoted73 to avarice74, fraud, and extortion, the most savage75 of their tribe cannot treat me with more barbarity of indifference76, than I have experienced among those who are the authors of their reproach.”
Although Fathom looked upon this proposal as an extravagant77 symptom of despair, he affected78 to approve of the scheme, and encouraged Renaldo with the hope of succeeding in another quarter, even if this expedition should fail; for, by this time, our adventurer was half resolved to export him at his own charge, rather than he should be much longer restricted in his designs upon Monimia.
Meanwhile, being resolved to try the experiment upon the children of Israel, they betook themselves to the house of a rich Jew, whose wealth they considered as a proof of his rapaciousness79; and, being admitted into his counting-house, they found him in the midst of half a dozen clerks, when Renaldo, in his imagination, likened him unto a minister of darkness surrounded by his familiars, and planning schemes of misery80 to be executed upon the hapless sons of men. In spite of these suggestions, which were not at all mitigated81 by the forbidding aspect of the Hebrew, he demanded a private audience; and, being ushered82 into another apartment, he explained his business with manifest marks of disorder83 and affliction. Indeed, his confusion was in some measure owing to the looks of the Jew, who, in the midst of this exordium, pulled down his eyebrows84, which were surprisingly black and bushy, so as, in appearance, totally to extinguish his visage, though he was all the time observing our youth from behind those almost impenetrable thickets85.
Melvil, having signified his request, “Young gentleman,” said the Israelite, with a most discordant86 voice, “what in the name of goodness could induce you to come to me upon such an errand? Did you ever hear that I lent money to strangers without security?” “No,” replied Renaldo, “nor did I believe I should profit by my application; but my affairs are desperate; and my proposals having been rejected by every Christian70 to whom they were offered, I was resolved to try my fate among the Jews, who are reckoned another species of men.”
Fathom, alarmed at this abrupt87 reply, which he supposed could not fail to disgust the merchant, interposed in the conversation, by making an apology for the plain dealing56 of his friend, who, he said, was soured and ruffled88 by his misfortunes; then exerting that power of eloquence89 which he had at command, he expostulated upon Renaldo’s claim and expectations, described the wrongs he had suffered, extolled90 his virtue, and drew a most pathetic picture of his distress.
The Jew listened attentively91 for some time; then his eyebrows began to rise and fall alternately; he coughed, sneezed, and winking92 hard, “I’m plagued,” said he, “with a salt rheum that trickles93 from my eyes without intermission.” So saying, he wiped the moisture from his face, and proceeded in these words: “Sir, your story is plausible94; and your friend is a good advocate; but before I give an answer to your demand, I must beg leave to ask if you can produce undeniable evidence of your being the identical person you really assume? If you are really the Count de Melvil, you will excuse my caution. We cannot be too much on our guard against fraud; though I must own you have not the air of an impostor.”
Renaldo’s eyes began to sparkle at this preliminary question; to which he replied, that he could procure95 the testimony96 of the Emperor’s minister, to whom he had occasionally paid his respects since his first arrival in England.
“If that be the case,” said the Jew, “take the trouble to call here to-morrow morning, at eight o’clock, and I will carry you in my own coach to the house of his excellency, with whom I have the honour to be acquainted; and, if he has nothing to object against your character or pretensions97, I will contribute my assistance towards your obtaining justice at the Imperial court.”
The Hungarian was so much confounded at this unexpected reception, that he had not power to thank the merchant for his promised favour, but stood motionless and silent, while the streams of emotion of the heart was of more weight with the Jew, than the eloquent98 acknowledgment which Ferdinand took the opportunity of making for his friend; and he was fain to dismiss them a little abruptly99, in order to prevent a second discharge of that same rheum of which he had already complained.
Melvil recollected100 all that had happened as a dream, which had no foundation in truth, and was all day long in a sort of delirium101, produced by the alternate gusts102 of hope and fear that still agitated103 his bosom104; for he was not yet without apprehension105 of being again disappointed by some unlucky occurrence.
He did not, however, fail to be punctual to the hour of his appointment, when the Jew told him, there would be no occasion for visiting the ambassador, because Renaldo had been, the preceding day, recognised by one of the clerks who had been employed as a purveyor106 in the Imperial army; and who, knowing his family, confirmed everything he had alleged107. “After breakfast,” continued this benevolent108 Israelite, “I will give you an order upon my banker for five hundred pounds, that you may be enabled to appear at Vienna as the son and representative of Count Melvil; and you shall also be furnished with a letter of recommendation to a person of some influence at that court, whose friendship and countenance may be of some service to your suit; for I am now heartily109 engaged in your interest, in consequence of the fair and unblemished character which I find you have hitherto maintained.”
The reader must appeal to his own heart, to acquire a just idea of Renaldo’s feelings, when every tittle of these promises was fulfilled, and the merchant refused to take one farthing by way of premium, contenting himself with the slender security of a personal bond. He was, in truth, overwhelmed with the obligation, and certainly disposed to believe that his benefactor110 was something more than human. As for Fathom, his sentiments took a different turn; and he scrupled111 not to impute112 all this kindness to some deep-laid interested scheme, the scope of which he could not at present comprehend.
After the tumults113 of the young gentleman’s joy had subsided114, and he found himself eased of that burdensome poverty under which he had groaned115 so long, his thoughts, which before were dissipated upon the various circumstances of distress, began to collect themselves in a body, and to resume their deliberations upon a subject which they had been long accustomed to consider; this was no other than the forlorn Monimia, whose idea now emerged in his bosom, being disencumbered of one part of the load by which it had been depressed116. He mentioned her name to Fathom with marks of the most melting compassion117, deplored118 her apostasy119, and, while he protested that he had divorced her for ever from his heart, expressed an inclination120 to see her once more before his departure, that he might in person exhort121 her to penitence122 and reformation.
Our adventurer, who dreaded123 such an interview as the infallible means of his own ruin, resisted the proposal with the whole power of his elocution. He affirmed, that Renaldo’s desire was a manifest proof that he still retained part of the fatal poison which that enchantress had spread within his veins124; and that the sight of her, softened125 by his reproaches into tears and affected contrition126, would dispel127 his resentment128, disable his manhood, and blow the embers of his former passion to such a rage, as would hurry him on to a reconciliation129, which would debase his honour, and ruin his future peace. In a word, Ferdinand described the danger that would attend the meeting in such emphatic130 terms, that the Hungarian started with horror at the picture which he drew, and in this particular conformed with the admonition of his friend.
One hundred pounds of the Jew’s money was immediately appropriated for the payment of his most urgent debts; the like sum he presented to his friend Fathom, with a solemn promise of sharing with him whatever good fortune might await him in Germany. And though Monimia had forfeited131 all title to his regard, so ill could he bear the prospect132 of her distress, that he entrusted133 his dear companion with the half of what remained, to be expended for her use, fully134 resolving to screen her from the shocks and temptations of want, as the circumstances of his future fate would allow.
Fathom, far from opposing, applauded his generosity135 with marks of extreme wonder and admiration136, assuring him, that she should be put in possession of his bounty137 immediately after his departure, he being unwilling138 to make her acquainted with her good fortune before that period, lest, finding his affairs in a fair way of being retrieved, she should be base enough to worship his returning prosperity, and, by false professions, and artful blandishments, seek to ensnare his heart anew.
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1
credulous
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| adj.轻信的，易信的 | |
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guardian
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| n.监护人；守卫者，保护者 | |
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saviour
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| n.拯救者，救星 | |
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tavern
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| n.小旅馆，客栈；小酒店 | |
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transacting
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| v.办理（业务等）( transact的现在分词 )；交易，谈判 | |
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whet
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| v.磨快，刺激 | |
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adjourned
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| （使）休会， （使）休庭( adjourn的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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sprightly
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| adj.愉快的，活泼的 | |
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rusty
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| adj.生锈的；锈色的；荒废了的 | |
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divers
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| adj.不同的；种种的 | |
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modish
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| adj.流行的，时髦的 | |
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congees
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| v.告别，鞠躬( congee的第三人称单数 ) | |
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orator
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| n.演说者，演讲者，雄辩家 | |
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lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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duel
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| n./v.决斗；(双方的)斗争 | |
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affluence
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| n.充裕，富足 | |
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addicted
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| adj.沉溺于....的，对...上瘾的 | |
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regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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premium
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| n.加付款；赠品；adj.高级的；售价高的 | |
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expended
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| v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 )；使用（钱等）做某事；用光；耗尽 | |
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apprehended
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| 逮捕，拘押( apprehend的过去式和过去分词 )； 理解 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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whit
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| n.一点，丝毫 | |
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cargo
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| n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物 | |
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distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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retrieved
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| v.取回( retrieve的过去式和过去分词 )；恢复；寻回；检索（储存的信息） | |
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retrieve
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| vt.重新得到，收回；挽回，补救；检索 | |
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jaws
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| n.口部；嘴 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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bailed
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| 保释，帮助脱离困境( bail的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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treacherously
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| 背信弃义地； 背叛地； 靠不住地； 危险地 | |
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lurch
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| n.突然向前或旁边倒；v.蹒跚而行 | |
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secluding
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| v.使隔开，使隔绝，使隐退( seclude的现在分词 ) | |
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intercourse
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| n.性交；交流，交往，交际 | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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livelihood
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| n.生计，谋生之道 | |
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destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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harangue
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| n.慷慨冗长的训话，言辞激烈的讲话 | |
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fathom
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| v.领悟，彻底了解 | |
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humane
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| adj.人道的，富有同情心的 | |
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disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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defrauded
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| v.诈取，骗取( defraud的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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penetration
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| n.穿透，穿人，渗透 | |
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goodwill
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| n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉 | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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deviate
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| v.(from)背离，偏离 | |
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dominions
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| 统治权( dominion的名词复数 )； 领土； 疆土； 版图 | |
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candidly
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| adv.坦率地，直率而诚恳地 | |
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52
professed
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| 公开声称的，伪称的，已立誓信教的 | |
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importunity
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| n.硬要，强求 | |
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maxim
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| n.格言，箴言 | |
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swerve
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| v.突然转向，背离；n．转向，弯曲，背离 | |
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dealing
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| n.经商方法，待人态度 | |
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intervention
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| n.介入，干涉，干预 | |
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scrupulous
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| adj.审慎的，小心翼翼的，完全的，纯粹的 | |
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complaisance
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| n.彬彬有礼，殷勤，柔顺 | |
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entreaties
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| n.恳求，乞求( entreaty的名词复数 ) | |
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mortifying
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| adj.抑制的，苦修的v.使受辱( mortify的现在分词 )；伤害（人的感情）；克制；抑制（肉体、情感等） | |
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boorish
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| adj.粗野的，乡巴佬的 | |
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repulses
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| v.击退( repulse的第三人称单数 )；驳斥；拒绝 | |
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respite
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| n.休息，中止，暂缓 | |
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solicited
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| v.恳求( solicit的过去式和过去分词 )；（指娼妇）拉客；索求；征求 | |
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fatigued
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| adj. 疲乏的 | |
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toil
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| vi.辛劳工作，艰难地行动；n.苦工，难事 | |
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exasperated
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| adj.恼怒的 | |
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Christians
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| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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72
benevolence
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| n.慈悲，捐助 | |
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73
devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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74
avarice
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| n.贪婪；贪心 | |
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75
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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76
indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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77
extravagant
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| adj.奢侈的；过分的；(言行等)放肆的 | |
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78
affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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79
rapaciousness
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| n.贪婪；强取，贪婪 | |
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80
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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81
mitigated
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| v.减轻，缓和( mitigate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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82
ushered
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| v.引，领，陪同( usher的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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83
disorder
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| n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调 | |
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84
eyebrows
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| 眉毛( eyebrow的名词复数 ) | |
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85
thickets
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| n.灌木丛( thicket的名词复数 )；丛状物 | |
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86
discordant
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| adj.不调和的 | |
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87
abrupt
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| adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 | |
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88
ruffled
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| adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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89
eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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90
extolled
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| v.赞颂，赞扬，赞美( extol的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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91
attentively
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| adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神 | |
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92
winking
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| n.瞬眼，目语v.使眼色( wink的现在分词 )；递眼色（表示友好或高兴等）；（指光）闪烁；闪亮 | |
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93
trickles
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| n.细流( trickle的名词复数 )；稀稀疏疏缓慢来往的东西v.滴( trickle的第三人称单数 )；淌；使)慢慢走；缓慢移动 | |
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94
plausible
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| adj.似真实的，似乎有理的，似乎可信的 | |
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95
procure
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| vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条 | |
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96
testimony
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| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
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97
pretensions
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| 自称( pretension的名词复数 )； 自命不凡； 要求； 权力 | |
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98
eloquent
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| adj.雄辩的，口才流利的；明白显示出的 | |
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99
abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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100
recollected
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| adj.冷静的；镇定的；被回忆起的；沉思默想的v.记起，想起( recollect的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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101
delirium
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| n. 神智昏迷,说胡话;极度兴奋 | |
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102
gusts
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| 一阵强风( gust的名词复数 )； （怒、笑等的）爆发； （感情的）迸发； 发作 | |
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103
agitated
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| adj.被鼓动的，不安的 | |
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104
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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105
apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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106
purveyor
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| n.承办商，伙食承办商 | |
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107
alleged
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| a.被指控的，嫌疑的 | |
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108
benevolent
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| adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的 | |
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109
heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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110
benefactor
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| n. 恩人，行善的人，捐助人 | |
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111
scrupled
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| v.感到于心不安，有顾忌( scruple的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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112
impute
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| v.归咎于 | |
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113
tumults
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| 吵闹( tumult的名词复数 )； 喧哗； 激动的吵闹声； 心烦意乱 | |
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114
subsided
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| v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的过去式和过去分词 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上 | |
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115
groaned
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| v.呻吟( groan的过去式和过去分词 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦 | |
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116
depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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117
compassion
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| n.同情，怜悯 | |
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118
deplored
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| v.悲叹，痛惜，强烈反对( deplore的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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119
apostasy
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| n.背教，脱党 | |
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120
inclination
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| n.倾斜；点头；弯腰；斜坡；倾度；倾向；爱好 | |
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121
exhort
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| v.规劝，告诫 | |
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122
penitence
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| n.忏悔，赎罪；悔过 | |
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123
dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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124
veins
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| n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理 | |
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125
softened
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| （使）变软( soften的过去式和过去分词 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰 | |
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126
contrition
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| n.悔罪，痛悔 | |
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127
dispel
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| vt.驱走，驱散，消除 | |
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128
resentment
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| n.怨愤，忿恨 | |
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129
reconciliation
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| n.和解，和谐，一致 | |
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130
emphatic
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| adj.强调的，着重的；无可置疑的，明显的 | |
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131
forfeited
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| （因违反协议、犯规、受罚等）丧失，失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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132
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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133
entrusted
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| v.委托，托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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134
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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135
generosity
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| n.大度，慷慨，慷慨的行为 | |
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136
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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137
bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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138
unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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