Part 1 Book 7 Chapter 1 Sister Simplice

The incidents the reader is about to peruse¹ were not all known at M. sur M. But the small portion of them which became known left such a memory in that town that a serious gap would exist in this book if we did not narrate² them in their most minute details. Among these details the reader will encounter two or three improbable circumstances, which we preserve out of respect for the truth.

On the afternoon following the visit of Javert, M. Madeleine went to see Fantine according to his wont³.

Before entering Fantine's room, he had Sister Simplice summoned.

The two nuns⁴ who performed the services of nurse in the infirmary, Lazariste ladies, like all sisters of charity, bore the names of Sister Perpetue and Sister Simplice.

Sister Perpetue was an ordinary villager, a sister of charity in a coarse style, who had entered the service of God as one enters any other service. She was a nun⁵ as other women are cooks. This type is not so very rare. The monastic orders gladly accept this heavy peasant earthenware⁶, which is easily fashioned into a Capuchin or an Ursuline. These rustics⁷ are utilized⁸ for the rough work of devotion. The transition from a drover to a Carmelite is not in the least violent; the one turns into the other without much effort; the fund of ignorance common to the village and the cloister⁹ is a preparation ready at hand, and places the boor¹⁰ at once on the same footing as the monk¹¹: a little more amplitude¹² in the smock, and it becomes a frock. Sister Perpetue was a robust¹³ nun from Marines near Pontoise, who chattered¹⁴ her patois¹⁵, droned, grumbled¹⁶, sugared the potion according to the bigotry¹⁷ or the hypocrisy¹⁸ of the invalid¹⁹, treated her patients abruptly²⁰, roughly, was crabbed²¹ with the dying, almost flung God in their faces, stoned their death agony with prayers mumbled²² in a rage; was bold, honest, and ruddy.

Sister Simplice was white, with a waxen pallor. Beside Sister Perpetue, she was the taper²³ beside the candle. Vincent de Paul has divinely traced the features of the Sister of Charity in these admirable words, in which he mingles²⁴ as much freedom as servitude: "They shall have for their convent only the house of the sick; for cell only a hired room; for chapel²⁵ only their parish church; for cloister only the streets of the town and the wards²⁶ of the hospitals; for enclosure only obedience²⁷; for gratings only the fear of God; for veil only modesty²⁸." This ideal was realized in the living person of Sister Simplice: she had never been young, and it seemed as though she would never grow old. No one could have told Sister Simplice's age. She was a person--we dare not say a woman--who was gentle, austere²⁹, well-bred, cold, and who had never lied. She was so gentle that she appeared fragile; but she was more solid than granite³⁰. She touched the unhappy with fingers that were charmingly pure and fine. There was, so to speak, silence in her speech; she said just what was necessary, and she possessed³¹ a tone of voice which would have equally edified³² a confessional or enchanted³³ a drawing-room. This delicacy³⁴ accommodated itself to the serge gown, finding in this harsh contact a continual reminder³⁵ of heaven and of God. Let us emphasize one detail. Never to have lied, never to have said, for any interest whatever, even in indifference³⁶, any single thing which was not the truth, the sacred truth, was Sister Simplice's distinctive³⁷ trait; it was the accent of her virtue³⁸. She was almost renowned³⁹ in the congregation for this imperturbable⁴⁰ veracity⁴¹. The Abbe Sicard speaks of Sister Simplice in a letter to the deaf-mute Massieu. However pure and sincere we may be, we all bear upon our candor⁴² the crack of the little, innocent lie. She did not. Little lie, innocent lie--does such a thing exist? To lie is the absolute form of evil. To lie a little is not possible: he who lies, lies the whole lie. To lie is the very face of the demon⁴³. Satan has two names; he is called Satan and Lying. That is what she thought; and as she thought, so she did. The result was the whiteness which we have mentioned--a whiteness which covered even her lips and her eyes with radiance. Her smile was white, her glance was white. There was not a single spider's web, not a grain of dust, on the glass window of that conscience. On entering the order of Saint Vincent de Paul, she had taken the name of Simplice by special choice. Simplice of Sicily, as we know, is the saint who preferred to allow both her breasts to be torn off rather than to say that she had been born at Segesta when she had been born at Syracuse-- a lie which would have saved her. This patron saint suited this soul.

Sister Simplice, on her entrance into the order, had had two faults which she had gradually corrected: she had a taste for dainties, and she liked to receive letters. She never read anything but a book of prayers printed in Latin, in coarse type. She did not understand Latin, but she understood the book.

This pious⁴⁴ woman had conceived an affection for Fantine, probably feeling a latent virtue there, and she had devoted⁴⁵ herself almost exclusively to her care.

M. Madeleine took Sister Simplice apart and recommended Fantine to her in a singular tone, which the sister recalled later on.

On leaving the sister, he approached Fantine.

Fantine awaited M. Madeleine's appearance every day as one awaits a ray of warmth and joy. She said to the sisters, "I only live when Monsieur le Maire is here."

She had a great deal of fever that day. As soon as she saw M. Madeleine she asked him:--

"And Cosette?"

He replied with a smile:--

"Soon."

M. Madeleine was the same as usual with Fantine. Only he remained an hour instead of half an hour, to Fantine's great delight. He urged every one repeatedly not to allow the invalid to want for anything. It was noticed that there was a moment when his countenance⁴⁶ became very sombre. But this was explained when it became known that the doctor had bent⁴⁷ down to his ear and said to him, "She is losing ground fast."

Then he returned to the town-hall, and the clerk observed him attentively⁴⁸ examining a road map of France which hung in his study. He wrote a few figures on a bit of paper with a pencil.

我们将要读到的那些事，在滨海蒙特勒伊并没有全部被人知道，但是已经流传开了的那一点，在那城里却留下了深刻的印象；假使我们不详详细细地记述下来，就会成为本书的一大漏洞。

在那些细微的情节里，读者将遇见两三处似乎不可能真有其事的经过，但是我们为了尊重事实，仍旧保存下来。

在沙威走访的那个下午，马德兰先生仍照常去看芳汀。

他在进入芳汀的病房以前，已找人去请散普丽斯姆姆了。

在疗养室服务的两个修女叫佩尔佩迪姆姆和散普丽斯姆姆，她们和所有其他做慈善事业的姆姆们一样，都是遣使会的修女。

佩尔佩迪姆姆是个极普通的农村姑娘，为慈善服务，颇形粗俗，皈依上帝，也不过等于就业。她做教徒，正如别人当厨娘一样。那种人绝不稀罕。各种教会的修道院都乐于收容那种粗笨的乡间土货，一举手而变成嘉布遣会修士或圣于尔絮勒会修女。那样的乡村气质可以替宗教做些粗重的工作。从一个牧童变成一个圣衣会修士，毫无不合适的地方；从这一个变成那一个，不会有多大困难，乡村和寺院同是蒙昧无知的，它们的共同基础是早已存在的，因此乡民一下就可以和寺僧平起平坐。罩衫放宽一点，便成了僧衣。那佩尔佩迪姆姆是个体粗力壮的修女，生在蓬图瓦兹附近的马灵城，一口土音，喜欢多话，呶呶不休，依照病人信神或假冒为善的程度来斟酌汤药中的白糖分量，时常唐突病人，和临终的人闹闲气，几乎把上帝摔在他们的脸上，气冲冲地对着垂死的人乱念祈祷文，鲁莽、诚实、朱砂脸。

散普丽斯姆姆却和白蜡一样白。她在佩尔佩迪姆姆身旁，就好象牛脂烛旁的细蜡烛。味增爵在下面这几句名言里已经神妙地把一些作慈善事业的姆姆的面目刻画出来了，并且把她们的自由和劳役融成了一片：“她们的修道院只是病院，静修室只是一间租来的屋子，圣殿只是她们那教区的礼拜堂，回廊只是城里的街道和医院里的病房，围墙只是服从，铁栅栏只是对上帝的畏惧，面幕只是和颜悦色。”散普丽斯姆姆完全体现了那种理想。谁也看不出散普丽斯姆姆的年纪，她从不曾有过青春，似乎也永远不会老。那是个安静、严肃、友好、冷淡，从来不曾说过谎的人，我们不敢说她是个妇人。她和蔼到近于脆弱，坚强到好比花岗石。她用她那纤细白暂的手指接触病人。在她的言语中，我们可以说，有寂静，她只说必要的话，并且她嗓子的声音可以建起一个忏悔座，又同时可以美化一个客厅。那种细腻和她的粗呢裙袍有相得益彰的妙用，它给人的粗野的感觉，倒使人时时想到天国和上帝。还有件小事应当着重指出。她从不曾说谎，从不曾为任何目的、或无目的地说过一句不实在的、不是真正实在的话，这一点便是散普丽斯姆姆突出的性格，也是她美德中的特点。她因那种无可动摇的诚信，在教会里几乎是有口皆碑的。西伽尔教士在给聋哑的马西欧的一封信里谈到过散普丽斯姆姆。无论我们是怎样诚挚、忠实、纯洁，在我们的良心上，大家总有一些小小的、不足为害的谎话的裂痕。而她呢，丝毫没有。小小的谎话，不足为害的谎话，那种事存在吗？说谎是绝对的恶。说一点点谎都是不行的；说一句谎话等于说全部谎话；说谎是魔鬼的真面目；撒旦有两个名字，他叫撒旦，又叫谎话。这就是她所想的。并且她怎样想，就怎样作。因此她有我们说过的那种白色，那白色的光辉把她的嘴唇和眼睛全笼罩起来了。她的笑容是白的，她的目光是白的。在那颗良心的水晶体上没有一点灰尘、一丝蜘蛛网。她在皈依味增爵时，便特地选了散普丽斯做名字。我们知道西西里的散普丽斯是个圣女，她是生在锡腊库扎的，假使她肯说谎，说她是生在塞吉斯特的，就可以救自己一命，但是她宁肯让人除去她的双乳，也不肯说谎。这位圣女正和散普丽斯姆姆的心灵完全一样。

散普丽斯姆姆在加入教会时，原有两个弱点，现在她已逐渐克服了；她从前爱吃甜食，喜欢别人寄信给她。她素来只读一本拉丁文的大字祈祷书。她不懂拉丁文，但是懂那本书。

那位虔诚的贞女和芳汀情意相投了，她也许感到了那种内心的美德，因此她几乎是竭诚照顾芳汀。

马德兰先生把散普丽斯姆姆引到一边，用一种奇特的声音嘱咐她照顾芳汀，那位姆姆直到后来才回忆起那种声音的奇特。

他离开了那位姆姆，又走到芳汀的身边。

芳汀每天等待马德兰先生的出现，好象等待一种温暖和欢乐的光。她常向那些姆姆说：

“市长先生不来，我真活不成。”

那一天，她的体温很高。她刚看见马德兰先生，便问他：

“珂赛特呢？”

他带着笑容回答：

“快来了。”

马德兰先生对芳汀还是和平日一样。不过平日他只待半个钟头，这一天，却待了一个钟头，芳汀大为高兴。他再三嘱咐大家，不要让病人缺少任何东西。大家注意到他的神色在某一时刻显得非常沉郁。后来大家知道那医生曾附在他耳边说过“她的体力大减”，也就明白他神色沉郁的原因了。

随后，他回到市政府，办公室的侍者看见他正细心研究挂在他办公室里的一张法国公路图。他还用铅笔在一张纸上写了几个数字。

1 peruse   

v.细读，精读

参考例句：

• We perused the company's financial statements for the past five years.我们翻阅了公司过去5年来的财务报表。
• Please peruse this report at your leisure.请在空暇时细读这篇报道。

2 narrate   

v.讲，叙述

参考例句：

• They each narrate their own tale but are all inextricably linked together.她们各自讲述自己的故事，却又不可避免地联系在一起。
• He once holds the tear to narrate a such story to mine.他曾经含着泪给我讲述了这样的一个故事。

3 wont   

adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯

参考例句：

• He was wont to say that children are lazy.他常常说小孩子们懒惰。
• It is his wont to get up early.早起是他的习惯。

4 nuns   

n.（通常指基督教的）修女， （佛教的）尼姑( nun的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Ah Q had always had the greatest contempt for such people as little nuns. 小尼姑之流是阿Q本来视如草芥的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Nuns are under vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. 修女须立誓保持清贫、贞洁、顺从。 来自辞典例句

5 nun   

n.修女，尼姑

参考例句：

• I can't believe that the famous singer has become a nun.我无法相信那个著名的歌星已做了修女。
• She shaved her head and became a nun.她削发为尼。

6 earthenware   

n.土器，陶器

参考例句：

• She made sure that the glassware and earthenware were always spotlessly clean.她总是把玻璃器皿和陶器洗刷得干干净净。
• They displayed some bowls of glazed earthenware.他们展出了一些上釉的陶碗。

7 rustics   

n.有农村或村民特色的( rustic的名词复数 )；粗野的；不雅的；用粗糙的木材或树枝制作的

参考例句：

• These rustics are utilized for the rough work of devoton. 那样的乡村气质可以替宗教做些粗重的工作。 来自互联网

8 utilized   

v.利用，使用( utilize的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• In the19th century waterpower was widely utilized to generate electricity. 在19世纪人们大规模使用水力来发电。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The empty building can be utilized for city storage. 可以利用那栋空建筑物作城市的仓库。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 cloister   

n.修道院；v.隐退，使与世隔绝

参考例句：

• They went out into the stil,shadowy cloister garden.他们出了房间，走到那个寂静阴沉的修道院的园子里去。
• The ancient cloister was a structure of red brick picked out with white stone.古老的修道院是一座白石衬托着的红砖建筑物。

10 boor   

n.举止粗野的人；乡下佬

参考例句：

• I'm a bit of a boor,so I hope you won't mind if I speak bluntly.我是一个粗人，说话直来直去，你可别见怪。
• If he fears the intellectual,he despises the boor.他对知识分子有戒心，但是更瞧不起乡下人。

11 monk   

n.和尚，僧侣，修道士

参考例句：

• The man was a monk from Emei Mountain.那人是峨眉山下来的和尚。
• Buddhist monk sat with folded palms.和尚合掌打坐。

12 amplitude   

n.广大；充足；振幅

参考例句：

• The amplitude of the vibration determines the loudness of the sound.振动幅度的大小决定声音的大小。
• The amplitude at the driven end is fixed by the driving mechanism.由于驱动机构的作用,使驱动端的振幅保持不变。

13 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。

14 chattered   

（人）喋喋不休( chatter的过去式 )； 唠叨； （牙齿）打战； （机器）震颤

参考例句：

• They chattered away happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。
• We chattered like two teenagers. 我们聊着天，像两个十多岁的孩子。

15 patois   

n.方言；混合语

参考例句：

• In France patois was spoken in rural,less developed regions.在法国，欠发达的农村地区说方言。
• A substantial proportion of the population speak a French-based patois.人口中有一大部分说以法语为基础的混合语。

16 grumbled   

抱怨( grumble的过去式和过去分词 )； 发牢骚； 咕哝； 发哼声

参考例句：

• He grumbled at the low pay offered to him. 他抱怨给他的工资低。
• The heat was sweltering, and the men grumbled fiercely over their work. 天热得让人发昏，水手们边干活边发着牢骚。

17 bigotry   

n.偏见，偏执，持偏见的行为[态度]等

参考例句：

• She tried to dissociate herself from the bigotry in her past.她力图使自己摆脱她以前的偏见。
• At least we can proceed in this matter without bigotry.目前这件事咱们至少可以毫无偏见地进行下去。

18 hypocrisy   

n.伪善，虚伪

参考例句：

• He railed against hypocrisy and greed.他痛斥伪善和贪婪的行为。
• He accused newspapers of hypocrisy in their treatment of the story.他指责了报纸在报道该新闻时的虚伪。

19 invalid   

n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的

参考例句：

• He will visit an invalid.他将要去看望一个病人。
• A passport that is out of date is invalid.护照过期是无效的。

20 abruptly   

adv.突然地，出其不意地

参考例句：

• He gestured abruptly for Virginia to get in the car.他粗鲁地示意弗吉尼亚上车。
• I was abruptly notified that a half-hour speech was expected of me.我突然被通知要讲半个小时的话。

21 crabbed   

adj.脾气坏的；易怒的；（指字迹）难辨认的；（字迹等）难辨认的v.捕蟹( crab的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• His mature composi tions are generally considered the more cerebral and crabbed. 他成熟的作品一般被认为是触动理智的和难于理解的。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• He met a crabbed, cantankerous director. 他碰上了一位坏脾气、爱争吵的主管。 来自辞典例句

22 mumbled   

含糊地说某事，叽咕，咕哝( mumble的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He mumbled something to me which I did not quite catch. 他对我叽咕了几句话，可我没太听清楚。
• George mumbled incoherently to himself. 乔治语无伦次地喃喃自语。

23 taper   

n.小蜡烛，尖细，渐弱；adj.尖细的；v.逐渐变小

参考例句：

• You'd better taper off the amount of time given to rest.你最好逐渐地减少休息时间。
• Pulmonary arteries taper towards periphery.肺动脉向周围逐渐变细。

24 mingles   

混合，混入( mingle的第三人称单数 )； 混进，与…交往[联系]

参考例句：

• He rarely mingles with persons of his own rank in society. 他几乎不与和他身份相同的人交往。
• The distant rumbling of the guns mingles with our marching song. 枪的深邃长声与我们行进歌混合。

25 chapel   

n.小教堂，殡仪馆

参考例句：

• The nimble hero,skipped into a chapel that stood near.敏捷的英雄跳进近旁的一座小教堂里。
• She was on the peak that Sunday afternoon when she played in chapel.那个星期天的下午，她在小教堂的演出，可以说是登峰造极。

26 wards   

区( ward的名词复数 )； 病房； 受监护的未成年者； 被人照顾或控制的状态

参考例句：

• This hospital has 20 medical [surgical] wards. 这所医院有 20 个内科[外科]病房。
• It was a big constituency divided into three wards. 这是一个大选区，下设三个分区。

27 obedience   

n.服从，顺从

参考例句：

• Society has a right to expect obedience of the law.社会有权要求人人遵守法律。
• Soldiers act in obedience to the orders of their superior officers.士兵们遵照上级军官的命令行动。

28 modesty   

n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素

参考例句：

• Industry and modesty are the chief factors of his success.勤奋和谦虚是他成功的主要因素。
• As conceit makes one lag behind,so modesty helps one make progress.骄傲使人落后，谦虚使人进步。

29 austere   

adj.艰苦的；朴素的，朴实无华的；严峻的

参考例句：

• His way of life is rather austere.他的生活方式相当简朴。
• The room was furnished in austere style.这间屋子的陈设都很简单朴素。

30 granite   

adj.花岗岩，花岗石

参考例句：

• They squared a block of granite.他们把一块花岗岩加工成四方形。
• The granite overlies the older rocks.花岗岩躺在磨损的岩石上面。

31 possessed   

adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的

参考例句：

• He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。
• He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。

32 edified   

v.开导，启发( edify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He must be edified by what he sees. 他耳濡目染，一定也受到影响。 来自辞典例句
• For thou verily givest thanks well, but the other is not edified. 你感谢的固然是好，无奈不能造就别人。 来自互联网

33 enchanted   

adj. 被施魔法的，陶醉的，入迷的 动词enchant的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• She was enchanted by the flowers you sent her. 她非常喜欢你送给她的花。
• He was enchanted by the idea. 他为这个主意而欣喜若狂。

34 delicacy   

n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴

参考例句：

• We admired the delicacy of the craftsmanship.我们佩服工艺师精巧的手艺。
• He sensed the delicacy of the situation.他感觉到了形势的微妙。

35 reminder   

n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

• I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
• It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

36 indifference   

n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎

参考例句：

• I was disappointed by his indifference more than somewhat.他的漠不关心使我很失望。
• He feigned indifference to criticism of his work.他假装毫不在意别人批评他的作品。

37 distinctive   

adj.特别的，有特色的，与众不同的

参考例句：

• She has a very distinctive way of walking.她走路的样子与别人很不相同。
• This bird has several distinctive features.这个鸟具有几种突出的特征。

38 virtue   

n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力

参考例句：

• He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
• You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。

39 renowned   

adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的

参考例句：

• He is one of the world's renowned writers.他是世界上知名的作家之一。
• She is renowned for her advocacy of human rights.她以提倡人权而闻名。

40 imperturbable   

adj.镇静的

参考例句：

• Thomas,of course,was cool and aloof and imperturbable.当然，托马斯沉着、冷漠，不易激动。
• Edward was a model of good temper and his equanimity imperturbable.爱德华是个典型的好性子，他总是沉着镇定。

41 veracity   

n.诚实

参考例句：

• I can testify to this man's veracity and good character.我可以作证，此人诚实可靠品德良好。
• There is no reason to doubt the veracity of the evidence.没有理由怀疑证据的真实性。

42 candor   

n.坦白，率真

参考例句：

• He covered a wide range of topics with unusual candor.他极其坦率地谈了许多问题。
• He and his wife had avoided candor,and they had drained their marriage.他们夫妻间不坦率，已使婚姻奄奄一息。

43 demon   

n.魔鬼，恶魔

参考例句：

• The demon of greed ruined the miser's happiness.贪得无厌的恶习毁掉了那个守财奴的幸福。
• He has been possessed by the demon of disease for years.他多年来病魔缠身。

44 pious   

adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的

参考例句：

• Alexander is a pious follower of the faith.亚历山大是个虔诚的信徒。
• Her mother was a pious Christian.她母亲是一个虔诚的基督教徒。

45 devoted   

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

参考例句：

• He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

46 countenance   

n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同

参考例句：

• At the sight of this photograph he changed his countenance.他一看见这张照片脸色就变了。
• I made a fierce countenance as if I would eat him alive.我脸色恶狠狠地，仿佛要把他活生生地吞下去。

47 bent   

n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的

参考例句：

• He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
• We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。

48 attentively   

adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神

参考例句：

• She listened attentively while I poured out my problems. 我倾吐心中的烦恼时，她一直在注意听。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• She listened attentively and set down every word he said. 她专心听着，把他说的话一字不漏地记下来。 来自《简明英汉词典》