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Chapter 3
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All the famous names from the world of fashionable vice1 were there. They were being slyly observed by a number of society ladies who had again used the sale as a pretext2 for claiming the right to see, at close quarters, women in whose company they would not otherwise have had occasion to find themselves, and whose easy pleasures they perhaps secretly envied.

The Duchesse de F rubbed shoulders with Mademoiselle A, one of sorriest specimens3 of our modern courtesans; the Marquise de T shrank from buying an item of furniture for which the bidding was led by Madame D, the most elegant and most celebrated4 adulteress of our age; the Duc d'Y, who is believed in Madrid to be ruining himself in Paris, and in Paris to be ruining himself in Madrid, and who, when all is said and done, cannot even spend all his income, while continuing to chat with Madame M, one of our wittiest5 tale-tellers, who occasionally agrees to write down what she says and to sign what she writes, was exchanging confidential6 glances with Madame de N, the beauty who may be regularly seen driving on the Champs-Elysees, dressed almost invariably in pink or blue, in a carriage drawn7 by two large black horses sold to her by Tony for ten thousand francs...and paid for in full; lastly, Mademoiselle R, who by sheer talent makes twice what ladies of fashion make with their dowries, and three times as much as what the rest make out of their love affairs, had come in spite of the cold to make a few purchases, and it was not she who attracted the fewest eyes.

We could go on quoting the initials of many of those who had gathered in that drawing room and who were not a little astonished at the company they kept; but we should, we fear, weary the reader.

Suffice it to say that everyone was in the highest spirits and that, of all the women there, many had known the dead girl and gave no sign that they remembered her.

There was much loud laughter; the auctioneers shouted at the tops of their voices; the dealers9 who had crowded on to the benches placed in front of the auction8 tables called vainly for silence in which to conduct their business in peace. Never was a gathering10 more varied11 and more uproarious.

I slipped unobtrusively into the middle of the distressing12 tumult13, saddened to think that all this was taking place next to the very room where the unfortunate creature whose furniture was being sold up to pay her debts, had breathed her last. Having come to observe rather than to buy, I watched the faces of the tradesmen who had forced the sale and whose features lit up each time an item reached a price they had never dared hope for.

Honest, men all, who had speculated in the prostitution of this woman, had obtained a one hundred per cent return on her, had dogged the last moments of her life with writs14, and came after she was dead to claim both the fruits of their honourable15 calculations and the interest accruing16 on the shameful17 credit they had given her.

How right were the Ancients who had one God for merchants and thieves!

Dresses, Indian shawls, jewels, came under the hammer at an unbelievable rate. None of it took my fancy, and I waited on.

Suddenly I heard a voice shout:

'A book fully18 bound, gilt-edges, entitled: Manon Lescaut. There's something written on the first page: ten francs. '

'Twelve, ' said a voice, after a longish silence.

'Fifteen, ' I said.

Why? I had no idea. No doubt for that 'something written'.

'Fifteen, ' repeated the auctioneer.

'Thirty, ' said the first bidder19, in a tone which seemed to defy anybody to go higher.

It was becoming a fight.

'Thirty-five!' I cried, in the same tone of voice.

'Forty.'

'Fifty.'

'Sixty.'

'A hundred.'

I confess that if I had set out to cause a stir, I would have succeeded completely, for my last bid was followed by a great silence, and people stared at me to see who this man was who seemed so intent on possessing the volume.

Apparently20 the tone in which I had made my latest bid was enough for my opponent: he chose therefore to abandon a struggle which would have served only to cost me ten times what the book was worth and, with a bow, he said very graciously but a little late:

'It's yours, sir.'

No other bids were forthcoming, and the book was knocked down to me.

Since I feared a new onset21 of obstinacy22 which my vanity might conceivably have borne but which would have assuredly proved too much for my purse, I gave my name, asked for the volume to be put aside and left by the stairs. I must have greatly intrigued23 the onlookers24 who, having witnessed this scene, doubtless wondered why on earth I had gone there to pay a hundred francs for a book that I could have got anywhere for ten or fifteen at most.

An hour later, I had sent round for my purchase.

On the first page, written in ink in an elegant hand, was the dedication25 of the person who had given the book. This dedication consisted simply of these words:

'Manon to Marguerite,

Humility26.'

It was signed: Armand Duval.

What did this word 'Humility' mean?

Was it that Manon, in the opinion of this Monsieur Armand Duval, acknowledged Marguerite as her superior in debauchery or in true love?

The second interpretation27 seemed the more likely, for the first was impertinently frank, and Marguerite could never have accepted it, whatever opinion she had of herself.

I went out again and thought no more of the book until that night, when I retired28 to bed.

Manon Lescaut is a truly touching29 story every detail of which is familiar to me and yet, whenever I hold a copy in my hand, an instinctive30 feeling for it draws me on. I open it and for the hundredth time I live again with the abbe Prevost's heroine. Now, his heroine is so lifelike that I feel that I have met her. In my new circumstances, the kind of comparison drawn between her and Marguerite added an unexpected edge to my reading, and my forbearance was swelled31 with pity, almost love, for the poor girl, the disposal of whose estate I could thank for possessing the volume. Manon died in a desert, it is true, but in the terms of the man who loved her with all the strength of his soul and who, when she was dead, dug a grave for her, watered it with his tears and buried his heart with her; whereas Marguerite, a sinner like Manon, and perhaps as truly converted as she, had died surrounded by fabulous32 luxury, if I could believe what I had seen, on the bed of her own past, but no less lost in the desert of the heart which is much more arid33, much vaster and far more pitiless than the one in which Manon had been interred34.

Indeed Marguerite, as I had learned from friends informed of the circumstances of her final moments, had seen no true consolation35 settle at her bedside during the two months when she lay slowly and painfully dying.

Then, from Manon and Marguerite, my thoughts turned to those women whom I knew and whom I could see rushing gaily36 towards the same almost invariable death.

Poor creatures! If it is wrong to love them, the least one can do is to pity them. You pity the blind man who has never seen the light of day, the deaf man who has never heard the harmonies of nature, the mute who has never found a voice for his soul, and yet, under the specious37 pretext of decency38, you will not pity that blindness of heart, deafness of soul and dumbness of conscience which turn the brains of poor, desperate women and prevent them, despite themselves, from seeing goodness, hearing the Lord and speaking the pure language of love and religion.

Hugo wrote Marion Delorme, Musset wrote Bernerette, Alexandre Dumas wrote Fernande. Thinkers and poets throughout the ages have offered the courtesan the oblation39 of their mercy and, on occasion, some great man has brought them back to the fold through the gift of his love and even his name. If I dwell on this point, it is because among those who will read these pages, many may already be about to throw down a book in which they fear they will see nothing but an apology for vice and prostitution, and doubtless the youth of the present author is a contributing factor in providing grounds for their fears. Let those who are of such a mind be undeceived. Let them read on, if such fears alone gave them pause.

I am quite simply persuaded of a principle which states that: To any woman whose education has not imparted knowledge of goodness, God almost invariably opens up two paths which will lead her back to it; these paths are suffering and love. They are rocky paths; women who follow them will cut their feet and graze their hands, but will at the same time leave the gaudy40 rags of vice hanging on the briars which line the road, and shall reach their journey's end in that naked state for which no one need feel shame in the sight of the Lord.

Any who encounter these brave wayfarers41 are duty bound to comfort them and to say to all the world that they have encountered them, for by proclaiming the news they show the way.

It is not a simple matter of erecting42 two signposts at the gateway43 to life, one bearing the inscription44: 'The Way of Goodness' and the other carrying this warning: ' The way of evil', and of saying to those who come: 'Choose! ' Each of us, like Christ himself, must point to those paths which will redirect from the second way to the first the steps of those who have allowed themselves to be tempted45 by the approach roads; and above all let not the beginning of these paths be too painful, nor appear too difficult of access.

Christianity is ever-present, with its wonderful parable46 of the prodigal47 son, to urge us to counsels of forbearance and forgiveness. Jesus was full of love for souls of women wounded by the passions of men, and He loved to bind48 their wounds, drawing from those same wounds the balm which would heal them. Thus he said to Mary Magdalene: ' Your sins, which are many, shall be forgiven, because you loved much' ?a sublime49 pardon which was to awaken50 a sublime faith.

Why should we judge more strictly51 than Christ? Why, clinging stubbornly to the opinions of the world which waxes hard so that we shall think it strong, why should we too turn away souls that bleed from wounds oozing52 with the evil of their past, like infected blood from a sick body, as they wait only for a friendly hand to bind them up and restore them to a convalescent heart?

It is to my generation that I speak, to those for whom the theories of Monsieur de Voltaire are, happily, defunct53, to those who, like myself, can see that humanity has, these fifteen years past, been engaged in one of its boldest leaps forward. The knowledge of good and evil is ours forever; religion is rebuilding, the respect for holy things has been restored to us, and, if the world is not yet wholly good, then at least it is becoming better. The efforts of all intelligent men tend to the same goal, and all those firm in purpose are yoked54 to the same principle: let us be good, let us be young, let us be true! Evil is but vanity: let us take pride in Goodness and, above all, let us not despair. Let us not scorn the woman who is neither mother nor sister nor daughter nor wife. Let us not limit respect to the family alone nor reduce forbearance to mere55 egoism. Since there is more rejoicing in heaven for the repentance56 of one sinner than for a hundred just men who have never sinned, let us try to give heaven cause to rejoice. Heaven may repay us with interest. Let us leave along our way the charity of our forgiveness for those whom earthly desires have brought low, who shall perhaps be saved by hope in heaven and, as wise old dames57 say when they prescribe remedies of their own making, if it dies no good then at least it can do no harm.

In truth, it must seem very forward of me to seek to derive58 such great results from the slender subject which I treat; but I am of those who believe that the whole is in the part. The child is small, and yet he is father to the man; the brain is cramped59, and yet it is the seat of thought; the eye is but a point, yet it encompasses60 leagues of space.


十六日下午一点钟,我到昂坦街去了。
在大门口就能听到拍卖估价人的喊叫声。

房间里挤满了好奇的人。

所有花街柳巷的名媛都到场了,有几个贵妇人在偷偷打量她们。这一次她们又可以借着参加拍卖的名义,仔细瞧瞧那些她们从来没有机会与之共同相处的女人,也许她们私下还在暗暗羡慕这些女人自由放荡的享乐生活呢。

F公爵夫人的胳膊撞上了A小姐;A小姐是当今妓女圈子里一位典型的薄命红颜;T侯爵夫人正在犹豫要不要把D夫人一个劲儿在抬价的那件家具买下来;D夫人是当代最风流最有名的荡妇。那位Y公爵,在马德里风传他在巴黎破了产,而在巴黎又风传他在马德里破了产,而实际上连每年的年金都没有花完。这会儿他一面在跟M太太聊天,一面却在和N夫人眉来眼去调情。M太太是一位风趣诙谐的讲故事的好手,她常想把自己讲的东西写下来,并签上自己的大名。漂亮的N夫人经常在香榭丽舍大街上散步,穿的衣衫离不了粉红和天蓝两种颜色,有两匹高大的黑色骏马为她驾车,这两匹马,托尼①向她要价一万法郎……她如数照付;最后还有R小姐,她靠自己的才能挣得的地位使那些靠嫁妆的上流社会妇人自愧勿如,那些靠爱情生活的女人更是望尘莫及。她不顾天气寒冷,赶来购买一些东西,也引来了人们的注目。

①托尼:当时一位著名的马商。

我们还可以举出云集在这间屋里的很多人的姓氏起首字母,他们在这里相遇连他们自己也感到非常惊讶,不过为了不使读者感到厌烦,恕我不再一一介绍。

我必须一提的是,当时大家都兴高采烈。女人中间虽有很多人是死者生前的熟人,但这会儿似乎对死者毫无怀念之情。

大家高声谈笑,拍卖估价人声嘶力竭地大声叫喊。坐满在拍卖桌前板凳上的商人们拼命叫大家安静,好让他们稳稳当当做生意,但谁也不睬他们。像这样各色人等混杂,环境喧闹不堪的集会倒是从未见过。

我默默地混进了这堆纷乱的人群。我在想,这情景发生在这个可怜的女人咽气的卧室近旁,为的是拍卖她的家具来偿付她生前的债务,想到这里,心中不免感到无限惆怅。我与其说是来买东西的,倒不如说是来看热闹的,我望着几个拍卖商的脸,每当一件物品叫到他们意料不到的高价时,他们就喜笑颜开,心花怒放。

那些在这个女人的神女生涯上搞过投机买卖的人,那些在她身上发过大财的人,那些在她弥留之际拿着贴了印花的借据来和她纠缠不休的人,还有那些在她死后就来收取他们冠冕堂皇的帐款和卑鄙可耻的高额利息的人,所有那些人可全都是正人君子哪!

难怪古人说,商人和盗贼信的是同一个天主,说得何其正确!

长裙、开司米披肩、首饰,一下子都实完了,快得令人难以置信,可是没有一件东西是我用得着的,我一直在等待。

突然,我听到在喊叫:

“精装书一册,装订考究,书边烫金,书名《玛侬·莱斯科》①,扉页上写着几个字,十法郎。”

①《玛侬·莱斯科》:十八世纪法国普莱服神父(1697—1763)写的一部著名恋爱小说。

有相当长一段时间的冷场,以后,有一个人叫道:

“十二法郎。”

“十五法郎,”我说。

为什么我要出这个价钱呢?我自己也不清楚,大概是为了那上面写着的几个字吧。

“十五法郎,”拍卖估价人又叫了一次。

“三十法郎,”第一个出价的人又叫了,口气似乎是对别人加价感到恼火。

这下子就变成一场较量了。

“三十五法郎!”我用同样的口气叫道。

“四十法郎!”

“五十法郎!”

“六十法郎!”

“一百法郎!”

我承认如果我是想要引人注意的话,那么我已经完全达到了目的,因为在这一次争着加码的时候,全场鸦雀无声,大家都瞅着我,想看看这位似乎一心要得到这本书的先生究竟是何等样人。

我最后一次叫价的口气似乎把我那位对手给镇住了,他想想还是退出这场角逐的好,这场角逐徒然使我要花十倍于原价的钱去买下这本书。于是,他向我弯了弯腰,非常客气地(尽管迟了些)对我说:

“我让了,先生。”

那时也没有别人再抬价,书就归了我。

因为我怕我的自尊心会再一次激起我的倔脾气,而我身边又不宽裕,我请他们记下我的姓名,把书留在一边,就下了楼。那些目击者肯定对我作了种种猜测,他们一准会暗暗思忖,我花一百法郎的高价来买这么一本书究竟是为了什么,这本书到处都可以买到,只要花上十个法郎,至多也不过十五个法郎。

一个小时以后,我派人把我买下的那本书取了回来。

扉页上是赠书人用钢笔写的两行秀丽的字迹:

玛侬对玛格丽特

惭愧

下面的署名是阿尔芒·迪瓦尔。

“惭愧”这两个字用在这里是什么意思?

根据阿尔芒·迪瓦尔先生的意见,玛侬是不是承认玛格丽特无论在生活放荡方面,还是在内心感情方面,都要比自己更胜一筹?

第二种在感情方面解释的可能性似乎要大一些,因为第一种解释是唐突无礼的,不管玛格丽特对自己有什么样的看法,她也是不会接受的。

我又出去了,一直到晚上睡觉时,我才想到那本书。

当然,《玛侬·莱斯科》是一个动人的故事,我虽然熟悉故事里每一个情节,可是不论什么时候,只要手头有这本书,我对这本书的感情总是吸引着我,我打开书本,普莱服神父塑造的女主人公似乎又在眼前,这种情况几乎反复一百多次了。这位女主人公给描绘得那么栩栩如生,真切动人,仿佛我真的见过她似的。此时又出现了把玛侬和玛格丽特作比较这种新情况,更增添了这本书对我的意料不到的吸引力。出于对这个可怜的姑娘的怜悯,甚至可以说是喜爱,我对她愈加同情了,这本书就是我从她那里得到的遗物。诚然,玛侬是死在荒凉的沙漠里的,但是她是死在一个真心爱她的情人的怀抱里的。玛侬死后,这个情人为她挖了一个墓穴,他的眼泪洒落在她身上,并且连同他的心也一起埋葬在里面了。而玛格丽特呢,她像玛侬一样是个有罪的人,也有可能像玛侬一样弃邪归正了;但正如我所看到的那样,她是死在富丽豪华的环境里的。她就死在她过去一直睡觉的床上,但在她的心里却是一片空虚,就像被埋葬在沙漠中一样,而且这个沙漠比埋葬玛侬的沙漠更干燥、更荒凉、更无情。

我从几个了解她临终情况的朋友那里听说,玛格丽特在她长达两个月的无比痛苦的病危期间,谁都没有到她床边给过她一点真正的安慰。

我从玛侬和玛格丽特,转而想到了我所认识的那些女人,我看着她们一边唱歌,一边走向那几乎总是千篇一律的最后归宿。

可怜的女人哪!如果说爱她们是一种过错,那么至少也应该同情她们。你们同情见不到阳光的瞎子,同情听不到大自然音响的聋子,同情不能用声音来表达自己思想的哑巴;但是,在一种虚假的所谓廉耻的借口之下,你们却不愿意同情这种心灵上的瞎子,灵魂上的聋子和良心上的哑巴。这些残疾逼得那个不幸的受苦的女人发疯,使她无可奈何地看不到善良,听不到天主的声音,也讲不出爱情、信仰的纯洁的语言。

雨果刻画了玛丽翁·德·萝尔姆;缪塞创作了贝尔娜雷特;大仲马塑造了费尔南特;①各个时期的思想家和诗人都把仁慈的怜悯心奉献给娼家女子。有时候一个伟人挺身而出,用他的爱情、甚至以他的姓氏来为她们恢复名誉。我之所以要再三强调这一点,因为在那些开始看我这本书的读者中间,恐怕有很多人已经准备把这本书抛开了,生怕这是一本专门为邪恶和淫欲辩护的书,而且作者的年龄想必更容易使人产生这种顾虑。希望这些人别这么想,如果仅仅是为了这一点,那还是请继续看下去的好。

①雨果、缪塞和大仲马都是法国十九世纪著名作家。玛丽翁·德·萝尔姆,贝尔娜雷特和费尔南特这三个人都是他们作品中写到的妓女。

我只信奉一个原则:没有受到过“善”的教育的女子,天主几乎总是向她们指出两条道路,让她们能殊途同归地走到他的跟前:一条是痛苦,一条是爱情。这两条路走起来都十分艰难。那些女人在上面走得两脚流血,两手破裂;但与此同时,她们把罪孽的盛装留在沿途的荆棘上,赤条条地抵达旅途的尽头,而这样全身赤裸地来到天主跟前,是用不着脸红的。

遇到这些勇敢的女旅客的人们都应该帮助她们,并且跟大家说他们曾经遇到过这些女人,因为在宣传这件事情的时候,也就是指出了道路。

要解决这个问题不能简单地在人生道路的入口处竖上两块牌子:一块是告示,写着“善之路”;另一块是警告,写着“恶之路”;并且向那些走来的人说:“选择吧!”而必须像基督那样,向那些受到环境诱惑的人指出从第二条路通往第一条路的途径;尤其是不能让这些途径的开头那一段太险峻,显得太不好走。

基督教关于浪子回头的动人的寓言,目的就是劝告我们对人要仁慈,要宽容。耶稣对那些深受情欲之害的灵魂充满了爱,他喜欢在包扎他们伤口的时候,从伤口本身取出治伤口的香膏敷在伤口上。因此,他对玛特莱娜说:“你将获得宽恕,因为你爱得多①,”这种崇高的宽恕行为自然唤起了一种崇高的信仰。

①见《圣经·路加福音》第七章,第四十四至四十八节。

为什么我们要比基督严厉呢?这个世界为了要显示它的强大,故作严厉,我们也就顽固地接受了它的成见。为什么我们要和它一样丢弃那些伤口里流着血的灵魂呢?从这些伤口里,像病人渗出污血一样渗出了他们过去的罪恶。这些灵魂在等待着一只友谊的手来包扎他们的伤口,治愈他们心头的创伤。

我这是在向我同时代的人呼吁,向那些伏尔泰先生的理论幸而对之已经不起作用的人们呼吁,向那些像我一样地懂得十五年以来人道主义正在突飞猛进的人呼吁。善恶的学识已经得到公认,信仰又重新建立,我们对神圣的事物又重新开始尊敬。如果还不能说这个世界是十全十美的,至少可以说比以前大有改善。聪明人全都致力于同一个目的,一切伟大的意志都服从于同一个原则:我们要善良,要朝气蓬勃,要真实!邪恶只不过是一种空虚的东西,我们要为行善而感到骄傲,最重要的是,我们千万不要丧失信心。不要轻视那些既不是母亲、姐妹,又不是女儿、妻子的女人。不要减少对亲族的尊重,和对自私的宽容。既然上天对一个忏悔的罪人比对一百个从来没有犯过罪的正直的人更加喜欢,就让我们尽力讨上天的喜欢吧,上天会赐福给我们的。在我们行进的道路上,给那些被人间欲望所断送的人留下我们的宽恕吧,也许一种神圣的希望可以拯救他们,就像那些老婆子在劝人接受她们的治疗方法时所说的:即使没有什么好处,也不会有什么坏处。

当然,我想从细小的论题里面得出伟大的结论,似乎太狂妄、太大胆了。但是,一切都存在于渺小之中,我就是相信这种说法的人。孩子虽然幼小,但他是未来的成人;脑袋虽然狭窄,但它蕴藏着无限的思想;眼珠儿才不过一丁点儿大,它却可以看到广阔的天地。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 vice NU0zQ     
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
参考例句:
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
2 pretext 1Qsxi     
n.借口,托词
参考例句:
  • He used his headache as a pretext for not going to school.他借口头疼而不去上学。
  • He didn't attend that meeting under the pretext of sickness.他以生病为借口,没参加那个会议。
3 specimens 91fc365099a256001af897127174fcce     
n.样品( specimen的名词复数 );范例;(化验的)抽样;某种类型的人
参考例句:
  • Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon. 宇航员从月球带回了岩石标本。
  • The traveler brought back some specimens of the rocks from the mountains. 那位旅行者从山上带回了一些岩石标本。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 celebrated iwLzpz     
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的
参考例句:
  • He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
  • The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。
5 wittiest 1b7f8b834ccff2ca4acbf37f3b2b2824     
机智的,言辞巧妙的,情趣横生的( witty的最高级 )
参考例句:
  • One of the wittiest exemplars of the technique was M. C. Escher. 最为巧妙地运用那种技巧的一个典型人物就是M.C.埃舍尔。 来自柯林斯例句
6 confidential MOKzA     
adj.秘(机)密的,表示信任的,担任机密工作的
参考例句:
  • He refused to allow his secretary to handle confidential letters.他不让秘书处理机密文件。
  • We have a confidential exchange of views.我们推心置腹地交换意见。
7 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
8 auction 3uVzy     
n.拍卖;拍卖会;vt.拍卖
参考例句:
  • They've put the contents of their house up for auction.他们把房子里的东西全都拿去拍卖了。
  • They bought a new minibus with the proceeds from the auction.他们用拍卖得来的钱买了一辆新面包车。
9 dealers 95e592fc0f5dffc9b9616efd02201373     
n.商人( dealer的名词复数 );贩毒者;毒品贩子;发牌者
参考例句:
  • There was fast bidding between private collectors and dealers. 私人收藏家和交易商急速竞相喊价。
  • The police were corrupt and were operating in collusion with the drug dealers. 警察腐败,与那伙毒品贩子内外勾结。
10 gathering ChmxZ     
n.集会,聚会,聚集
参考例句:
  • He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
  • He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。
11 varied giIw9     
adj.多样的,多变化的
参考例句:
  • The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
  • The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。
12 distressing cuTz30     
a.使人痛苦的
参考例句:
  • All who saw the distressing scene revolted against it. 所有看到这种悲惨景象的人都对此感到难过。
  • It is distressing to see food being wasted like this. 这样浪费粮食令人痛心。
13 tumult LKrzm     
n.喧哗;激动,混乱;吵闹
参考例句:
  • The tumult in the streets awakened everyone in the house.街上的喧哗吵醒了屋子里的每一个人。
  • His voice disappeared under growing tumult.他的声音消失在越来越响的喧哗声中。
14 writs 9dea365ff87b204192f0296c0dc1a902     
n.书面命令,令状( writ的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies. 管理局须发出令状的选举,以填补这些空缺。 来自互联网
  • Writs of arrest were issued for a thousand students throughout the country. 全国各地有一千名学生被拘捕。 来自互联网
15 honourable honourable     
adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的
参考例句:
  • I don't think I am worthy of such an honourable title.这样的光荣称号,我可担当不起。
  • I hope to find an honourable way of settling difficulties.我希望设法找到一个体面的办法以摆脱困境。
16 accruing 3047ff5f2adfcc90573a586d0407ec0d     
v.增加( accrue的现在分词 );(通过自然增长)产生;获得;(使钱款、债务)积累
参考例句:
  • economic benefits accruing to the country from tourism 旅游业为该国带来的经济效益
  • The accruing on a security since the previous coupon date. 指证券自上次付息日以来所累积的利息。 来自互联网
17 shameful DzzwR     
adj.可耻的,不道德的
参考例句:
  • It is very shameful of him to show off.他向人炫耀自己,真不害臊。
  • We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers.我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。
18 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
19 bidder oyrzTm     
n.(拍卖时的)出价人,报价人,投标人
参考例句:
  • TV franchises will be auctioned to the highest bidder.电视特许经营权将拍卖给出价最高的投标人。
  • The bidder withdrew his bid after submission of his bid.投标者在投标之后撤销了投标书。
20 apparently tMmyQ     
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
参考例句:
  • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
  • He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
21 onset bICxF     
n.进攻,袭击,开始,突然开始
参考例句:
  • The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染的最初期就开始服用。
  • Our troops withstood the onset of the enemy.我们的部队抵挡住了敌人的进攻。
22 obstinacy C0qy7     
n.顽固;(病痛等)难治
参考例句:
  • It is a very accountable obstinacy.这是一种完全可以理解的固执态度。
  • Cindy's anger usually made him stand firm to the point of obstinacy.辛迪一发怒,常常使他坚持自见,并达到执拗的地步。
23 intrigued 7acc2a75074482e2b408c60187e27c73     
adj.好奇的,被迷住了的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的过去式);激起…的兴趣或好奇心;“intrigue”的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • You've really intrigued me—tell me more! 你说的真有意思—再给我讲一些吧!
  • He was intrigued by her story. 他被她的故事迷住了。
24 onlookers 9475a32ff7f3c5da0694cff2738f9381     
n.旁观者,观看者( onlooker的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • A crowd of onlookers gathered at the scene of the crash. 在撞车地点聚集了一大群围观者。
  • The onlookers stood at a respectful distance. 旁观者站在一定的距离之外,以示尊敬。
25 dedication pxMx9     
n.奉献,献身,致力,题献,献辞
参考例句:
  • We admire her courage,compassion and dedication.我们钦佩她的勇气、爱心和奉献精神。
  • Her dedication to her work was admirable.她对工作的奉献精神可钦可佩。
26 humility 8d6zX     
n.谦逊,谦恭
参考例句:
  • Humility often gains more than pride.谦逊往往比骄傲收益更多。
  • His voice was still soft and filled with specious humility.他的声音还是那么温和,甚至有点谦卑。
27 interpretation P5jxQ     
n.解释,说明,描述;艺术处理
参考例句:
  • His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。
  • Analysis and interpretation is a very personal thing.分析与说明是个很主观的事情。
28 retired Njhzyv     
adj.隐退的,退休的,退役的
参考例句:
  • The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
  • Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。
29 touching sg6zQ9     
adj.动人的,使人感伤的
参考例句:
  • It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
  • His letter was touching.他的信很感人。
30 instinctive c6jxT     
adj.(出于)本能的;直觉的;(出于)天性的
参考例句:
  • He tried to conceal his instinctive revulsion at the idea.他试图饰盖自己对这一想法本能的厌恶。
  • Animals have an instinctive fear of fire.动物本能地怕火。
31 swelled bd4016b2ddc016008c1fc5827f252c73     
增强( swell的过去式和过去分词 ); 肿胀; (使)凸出; 充满(激情)
参考例句:
  • The infection swelled his hand. 由于感染,他的手肿了起来。
  • After the heavy rain the river swelled. 大雨过后,河水猛涨。
32 fabulous ch6zI     
adj.极好的;极为巨大的;寓言中的,传说中的
参考例句:
  • We had a fabulous time at the party.我们在晚会上玩得很痛快。
  • This is a fabulous sum of money.这是一笔巨款。
33 arid JejyB     
adj.干旱的;(土地)贫瘠的
参考例句:
  • These trees will shield off arid winds and protect the fields.这些树能挡住旱风,保护农田。
  • There are serious problems of land degradation in some arid zones.在一些干旱地带存在严重的土地退化问题。
34 interred 80ed334541e268e9b67fb91695d0e237     
v.埋,葬( inter的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Marie Curie's remains were exhumed and interred in the Pantheon. 玛丽·居里的遗体被移出葬在先贤祠中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The body was interred at the cemetery. 遗体埋葬在公墓里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
35 consolation WpbzC     
n.安慰,慰问
参考例句:
  • The children were a great consolation to me at that time.那时孩子们成了我的莫大安慰。
  • This news was of little consolation to us.这个消息对我们来说没有什么安慰。
36 gaily lfPzC     
adv.欢乐地,高兴地
参考例句:
  • The children sing gaily.孩子们欢唱着。
  • She waved goodbye very gaily.她欢快地挥手告别。
37 specious qv3wk     
adj.似是而非的;adv.似是而非地
参考例句:
  • Such talk is actually specious and groundless.这些话实际上毫无根据,似是而非的。
  • It is unlikely that the Duke was convinced by such specious arguments.公爵不太可能相信这种似是而非的论点。
38 decency Jxzxs     
n.体面,得体,合宜,正派,庄重
参考例句:
  • His sense of decency and fair play made him refuse the offer.他的正直感和公平竞争意识使他拒绝了这一提议。
  • Your behaviour is an affront to public decency.你的行为有伤风化。
39 oblation cI7xy     
n.圣餐式;祭品
参考例句:
  • Thinkers and poets throughout the ages have offered the courtesan the oblation of their mercy.各个时期的思想家和诗人都把仁慈的怜悯心奉献给娼家女子。
  • Each family has their own ancestor for oblation.谁家也不缺个祖宗来供奉。
40 gaudy QfmzN     
adj.华而不实的;俗丽的
参考例句:
  • She was tricked out in gaudy dress.她穿得华丽而俗气。
  • The gaudy butterfly is sure that the flowers owe thanks to him.浮华的蝴蝶却相信花是应该向它道谢的。
41 wayfarers 5b83a53359339df3a654f636c175908f     
n.旅人,(尤指)徒步旅行者( wayfarer的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Days have been when wayfarers came here to wash their weary feet. 从前曾有过路人到这里来洗疲乏的脚。 来自互联网
  • You are the way and the wayfarers. 你们是道路,也是行路者。 来自互联网
42 erecting 57913eb4cb611f2f6ed8e369fcac137d     
v.使直立,竖起( erect的现在分词 );建立
参考例句:
  • Nations can restrict their foreign trade by erecting barriers to exports as well as imports. 象设置进口壁垒那样,各国可以通过设置出口壁垒来限制对外贸易。 来自辞典例句
  • Could you tell me the specific lift-slab procedure for erecting buildings? 能否告之用升板法安装楼房的具体程序? 来自互联网
43 gateway GhFxY     
n.大门口,出入口,途径,方法
参考例句:
  • Hard work is the gateway to success.努力工作是通往成功之路。
  • A man collected tolls at the gateway.一个人在大门口收通行费。
44 inscription l4ZyO     
n.(尤指石块上的)刻印文字,铭文,碑文
参考例句:
  • The inscription has worn away and can no longer be read.铭文已磨损,无法辨认了。
  • He chiselled an inscription on the marble.他在大理石上刻碑文。
45 tempted b0182e969d369add1b9ce2353d3c6ad6     
v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词)
参考例句:
  • I was sorely tempted to complain, but I didn't. 我极想发牢骚,但还是没开口。
  • I was tempted by the dessert menu. 甜食菜单馋得我垂涎欲滴。
46 parable R4hzI     
n.寓言,比喻
参考例句:
  • This is an ancient parable.这是一个古老的寓言。
  • The minister preached a sermon on the parable of the lost sheep.牧师讲道时用了亡羊的比喻。
47 prodigal qtsym     
adj.浪费的,挥霍的,放荡的
参考例句:
  • He has been prodigal of the money left by his parents.他已挥霍掉他父母留下的钱。
  • The country has been prodigal of its forests.这个国家的森林正受过度的采伐。
48 bind Vt8zi     
vt.捆,包扎;装订;约束;使凝固;vi.变硬
参考例句:
  • I will let the waiter bind up the parcel for you.我让服务生帮你把包裹包起来。
  • He wants a shirt that does not bind him.他要一件不使他觉得过紧的衬衫。
49 sublime xhVyW     
adj.崇高的,伟大的;极度的,不顾后果的
参考例句:
  • We should take some time to enjoy the sublime beauty of nature.我们应该花些时间去欣赏大自然的壮丽景象。
  • Olympic games play as an important arena to exhibit the sublime idea.奥运会,就是展示此崇高理念的重要舞台。
50 awaken byMzdD     
vi.醒,觉醒;vt.唤醒,使觉醒,唤起,激起
参考例句:
  • Old people awaken early in the morning.老年人早晨醒得早。
  • Please awaken me at six.请于六点叫醒我。
51 strictly GtNwe     
adv.严厉地,严格地;严密地
参考例句:
  • His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
  • The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。
52 oozing 6ce96f251112b92ca8ca9547a3476c06     
v.(浓液等)慢慢地冒出,渗出( ooze的现在分词 );使(液体)缓缓流出;(浓液)渗出,慢慢流出
参考例句:
  • Blood was oozing out of the wound on his leg. 血正从他腿上的伤口渗出来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The wound had not healed properly and was oozing pus. 伤口未真正痊瘉,还在流脓。 来自《简明英汉词典》
53 defunct defunct     
adj.死亡的;已倒闭的
参考例句:
  • The scheme for building an airport seems to be completely defunct now.建造新机场的计划看来整个完蛋了。
  • This schema object is defunct.No modifications are allowed until it is made active again.此架构对象不起作用。在重新激活之前,不能进行任何改动。
54 yoked 3cf9b4d6cb0a697dfb2940ae671ca4f2     
结合(yoke的过去式形式)
参考例句:
  • The farmer yoked the oxen. 那个农夫给牛加上轭。
  • He was yoked to an disinclined partner. 他不得不与一位不情愿的伙伴合作。
55 mere rC1xE     
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
参考例句:
  • That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
  • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
56 repentance ZCnyS     
n.懊悔
参考例句:
  • He shows no repentance for what he has done.他对他的所作所为一点也不懊悔。
  • Christ is inviting sinners to repentance.基督正在敦请有罪的人悔悟。
57 dames 0bcc1f9ca96d029b7531e0fc36ae2c5c     
n.(在英国)夫人(一种封号),夫人(爵士妻子的称号)( dame的名词复数 );女人
参考例句:
  • Dames would not comment any further. Dames将不再更多的评论。 来自互联网
  • Flowers, candy, jewelry, seemed the principal things in which the elegant dames were interested. 鲜花、糖果和珠宝看来是那些贵妇人的主要兴趣所在。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
58 derive hmLzH     
v.取得;导出;引申;来自;源自;出自
参考例句:
  • We derive our sustenance from the land.我们从土地获取食物。
  • We shall derive much benefit from reading good novels.我们将从优秀小说中获得很大好处。
59 cramped 287c2bb79385d19c466ec2df5b5ce970     
a.狭窄的
参考例句:
  • The house was terribly small and cramped, but the agent described it as a bijou residence. 房子十分狭小拥挤,但经纪人却把它说成是小巧别致的住宅。
  • working in cramped conditions 在拥挤的环境里工作
60 encompasses cba8673f835839b92e7b81ba5bccacfb     
v.围绕( encompass的第三人称单数 );包围;包含;包括
参考例句:
  • The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities. 这项工作涉及的职责范围很广。
  • Its conservation law encompasses both its magnitude and its direction. 它的守恒定律包括大小和方向两方面。 来自辞典例句


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