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Part 2 Chapter 6
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While Sancho Panza and his wife, Teresa Cascajo, held the above irrelevant1 conversation, Don Quixote’s niece and housekeeper2 were not idle, for by a thousand signs they began to perceive that their uncle and master meant to give them the slip the third time, and once more betake himself to his, for them, ill-errant chivalry3. They strove by all the means in their power to divert him from such an unlucky scheme; but it was all preaching in the desert and hammering cold iron. Nevertheless, among many other representations made to him, the housekeeper said to him, “In truth, master, if you do not keep still and stay quiet at home, and give over roaming mountains and valleys like a troubled spirit, looking for what they say are called adventures, but what I call misfortunes, I shall have to make complaint to God and the king with loud supplication4 to send some remedy.”

To which Don Quixote replied, “What answer God will give to your complaints, housekeeper, I know not, nor what his Majesty5 will answer either; I only know that if I were king I should decline to answer the numberless silly petitions they present every day; for one of the greatest among the many troubles kings have is being obliged to listen to all and answer all, and therefore I should be sorry that any affairs of mine should worry him.”

Whereupon the housekeeper said, “Tell us, senor, at his Majesty’s court are there no knights7?”

“There are,” replied Don Quixote, “and plenty of them; and it is right there should be, to set off the dignity of the prince, and for the greater glory of the king’s majesty.”

“Then might not your worship,” said she, “be one of those that, without stirring a step, serve their king and lord in his court?”

“Recollect, my friend,” said Don Quixote, “all knights cannot be courtiers, nor can all courtiers be knights-errant, nor need they be. There must be all sorts in the world; and though we may be all knights, there is a great difference between one and another; for the courtiers, without quitting their chambers8, or the threshold of the court, range the world over by looking at a map, without its costing them a farthing, and without suffering heat or cold, hunger or thirst; but we, the true knights-errant, measure the whole earth with our own feet, exposed to the sun, to the cold, to the air, to the inclemencies of heaven, by day and night, on foot and on horseback; nor do we only know enemies in pictures, but in their own real shapes; and at all risks and on all occasions we attack them, without any regard to childish points or rules of single combat, whether one has or has not a shorter lance or sword, whether one carries relics9 or any secret contrivance about him, whether or not the sun is to be divided and portioned out, and other niceties of the sort that are observed in set combats of man to man, that you know nothing about, but I do. And you must know besides, that the true knight6-errant, though he may see ten giants, that not only touch the clouds with their heads but pierce them, and that go, each of them, on two tall towers by way of legs, and whose arms are like the masts of mighty10 ships, and each eye like a great mill-wheel, and glowing brighter than a glass furnace, must not on any account be dismayed by them. On the contrary, he must attack and fall upon them with a gallant11 bearing and a fearless heart, and, if possible, vanquish12 and destroy them, even though they have for armour13 the shells of a certain fish, that they say are harder than diamonds, and in place of swords wield14 trenchant15 blades of Damascus steel, or clubs studded with spikes16 also of steel, such as I have more than once seen. All this I say, housekeeper, that you may see the difference there is between the one sort of knight and the other; and it would be well if there were no prince who did not set a higher value on this second, or more properly speaking first, kind of knights-errant; for, as we read in their histories, there have been some among them who have been the salvation17, not merely of one kingdom, but of many.”

“Ah, senor,” here exclaimed the niece, “remember that all this you are saying about knights-errant is fable18 and fiction; and their histories, if indeed they were not burned, would deserve, each of them, to have a sambenito put on it, or some mark by which it might be known as infamous19 and a corrupter20 of good manners.”

“By the God that gives me life,” said Don Quixote, “if thou wert not my full niece, being daughter of my own sister, I would inflict21 a chastisement22 upon thee for the blasphemy23 thou hast uttered that all the world should ring with. What! can it be that a young hussy that hardly knows how to handle a dozen lace-bobbins dares to wag her tongue and criticise24 the histories of knights-errant? What would Senor Amadis say if he heard of such a thing? He, however, no doubt would forgive thee, for he was the most humble25-minded and courteous26 knight of his time, and moreover a great protector of damsels; but some there are that might have heard thee, and it would not have been well for thee in that case; for they are not all courteous or mannerly; some are ill-conditioned scoundrels; nor is it everyone that calls himself a gentleman, that is so in all respects; some are gold, others pinchbeck, and all look like gentlemen, but not all can stand the touchstone of truth. There are men of low rank who strain themselves to bursting to pass for gentlemen, and high gentlemen who, one would fancy, were dying to pass for men of low rank; the former raise themselves by their ambition or by their virtues27, the latter debase themselves by their lack of spirit or by their vices29; and one has need of experience and discernment to distinguish these two kinds of gentlemen, so much alike in name and so different in conduct.”

“God bless me!” said the niece, “that you should know so much, uncle — enough, if need be, to get up into a pulpit and go preach in the streets — and yet that you should fall into a delusion31 so great and a folly32 so manifest as to try to make yourself out vigorous when you are old, strong when you are sickly, able to put straight what is crooked33 when you yourself are bent34 by age, and, above all, a caballero when you are not one; for though gentlefolk may he so, poor men are nothing of the kind!”

“There is a great deal of truth in what you say, niece,” returned Don Quixote, “and I could tell you somewhat about birth that would astonish you; but, not to mix up things human and divine, I refrain. Look you, my dears, all the lineages in the world (attend to what I am saying) can be reduced to four sorts, which are these: those that had humble beginnings, and went on spreading and extending themselves until they attained35 surpassing greatness; those that had great beginnings and maintained them, and still maintain and uphold the greatness of their origin; those, again, that from a great beginning have ended in a point like a pyramid, having reduced and lessened36 their original greatness till it has come to nought37, like the point of a pyramid, which, relatively38 to its base or foundation, is nothing; and then there are those — and it is they that are the most numerous — that have had neither an illustrious beginning nor a remarkable39 mid-course, and so will have an end without a name, like an ordinary plebeian40 line. Of the first, those that had an humble origin and rose to the greatness they still preserve, the Ottoman house may serve as an example, which from an humble and lowly shepherd, its founder42, has reached the height at which we now see it. For examples of the second sort of lineage, that began with greatness and maintains it still without adding to it, there are the many princes who have inherited the dignity, and maintain themselves in their inheritance, without increasing or diminishing it, keeping peacefully within the limits of their states. Of those that began great and ended in a point, there are thousands of examples, for all the Pharaohs and Ptolemies of Egypt, the Caesars of Rome, and the whole herd41 (if I may such a word to them) of countless43 princes, monarchs44, lords, Medes, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, and barbarians45, all these lineages and lordships have ended in a point and come to nothing, they themselves as well as their founders46, for it would be impossible now to find one of their descendants, and, even should we find one, it would be in some lowly and humble condition. Of plebeian lineages I have nothing to say, save that they merely serve to swell47 the number of those that live, without any eminence48 to entitle them to any fame or praise beyond this. From all I have said I would have you gather, my poor innocents, that great is the confusion among lineages, and that only those are seen to be great and illustrious that show themselves so by the virtue28, wealth, and generosity49 of their possessors. I have said virtue, wealth, and generosity, because a great man who is vicious will be a great example of vice30, and a rich man who is not generous will be merely a miserly beggar; for the possessor of wealth is not made happy by possessing it, but by spending it, and not by spending as he pleases, but by knowing how to spend it well. The poor gentleman has no way of showing that he is a gentleman but by virtue, by being affable, well-bred, courteous, gentle-mannered, and kindly50, not haughty51, arrogant52, or censorious, but above all by being charitable; for by two maravedis given with a cheerful heart to the poor, he will show himself as generous as he who distributes alms with bell-ringing, and no one that perceives him to be endowed with the virtues I have named, even though he know him not, will fail to recognise and set him down as one of good blood; and it would be strange were it not so; praise has ever been the reward of virtue, and those who are virtuous53 cannot fail to receive commendation. There are two roads, my daughters, by which men may reach wealth and honours; one is that of letters, the other that of arms. I have more of arms than of letters in my composition, and, judging by my inclination54 to arms, was born under the influence of the planet Mars. I am, therefore, in a measure constrained55 to follow that road, and by it I must travel in spite of all the world, and it will be labour in vain for you to urge me to resist what heaven wills, fate ordains56, reason requires, and, above all, my own inclination favours; for knowing as I do the countless toils57 that are the accompaniments of knight-errantry, I know, too, the infinite blessings58 that are attained by it; I know that the path of virtue is very narrow, and the road of vice broad and spacious59; I know their ends and goals are different, for the broad and easy road of vice ends in death, and the narrow and toilsome one of virtue in life, and not transitory life, but in that which has no end; I know, as our great Castilian poet says, that —

It is by rugged60 paths like these they go

That scale the heights of immortality61,

Unreached by those that falter62 here below.”

“Woe is me!” exclaimed the niece, “my lord is a poet, too! He knows everything, and he can do everything; I will bet, if he chose to turn mason, he could make a house as easily as a cage.”

“I can tell you, niece,” replied Don Quixote, “if these chivalrous63 thoughts did not engage all my faculties64, there would be nothing that I could not do, nor any sort of knickknack that would not come from my hands, particularly cages and tooth-picks.”

At this moment there came a knocking at the door, and when they asked who was there, Sancho Panza made answer that it was he. The instant the housekeeper knew who it was, she ran to hide herself so as not to see him; in such abhorrence65 did she hold him. The niece let him in, and his master Don Quixote came forward to receive him with open arms, and the pair shut themselves up in his room, where they had another conversation not inferior to the previous one.

 

桑乔·潘萨和他的妻子特雷莎·卡斯卡霍聊天的时候,唐吉诃德的外甥女和女管家也没闲着。种种迹象表明,她们的舅舅或主人又要第三次出门,去从事游侠骑士的破行当。她们想尽各种办法,想让唐吉诃德打消这个可恶的念头,可一切都是对牛弹琴,徒劳一场。尽管如此,她们还是苦口婆心地劝他。女管家说:

“说实在的,我的主人,如果您不踏踏实实地在家待着,而是像个幽灵似的出去翻山越岭,寻什么险,依我说就是自找倒霉,那我只好大声地向上帝和国王抱怨,请他们来管管这事了。”

唐吉诃德对此回答道:

“管家,上帝将怎样回答你的抱怨,我不知道;陛下将怎样回答你,我也不知道。我只知道如果我是国王,就不去理会这些每天没完没了的瞎告状。国王有很多让人挠头的事,其中之一就是要听大家的禀报,还要答复大家。所以,我不想让我的事情再去麻烦他。”

女管家说:

“那么,您告诉我,大人,陛下的朝廷里有没有骑士?”

“当然有,”唐吉诃德说,“这不仅是帝王伟大的一种陪衬,而且是为了炫耀帝王的尊严。”

“那么,”女管家说,“您为什么不安安稳稳地留在宫廷里服侍国王呢?”

“你看,朋友,”唐吉诃德说,“并不是所有的骑士都能成为宫廷侍从,也不是宫廷侍从都能成为游侠骑士的,世界上各种各样的人都得有。虽然我们都是骑士,可骑士跟骑士又有很大差别。宫廷侍从可以连宫廷的门槛都不出,就在自己的房间里看地图游历世界,不用花一分钱,也不用遭风吹日晒,忍饥受渴。而我们这些真正的游侠骑士就得顶着严寒酷暑,风餐露宿,不分昼夜,步行或骑马,足迹踏遍各地。我们对付敌人并不是纸上谈兵,而是真刀真枪。危险时刻我们冲上前,从不多考虑什么骑士规则,我们的矛剑是否太短,是否带着护身符,是否把阳光分平均了①,还有其他一些诸如此类的决斗规则。这些你不懂,我却都知道。而且你应该知道,即使面对十个巨人,那些巨人高得刺破云天,腿似高塔,胳膊好像船上粗大的桅杆,眼睛大如磨盘,还冒出比炼玻璃炉更热的火焰,一个优秀的游侠骑士也不会感到畏惧;相反,他会潇洒勇猛地向巨人进攻,如果可能的话,就一下子把巨人打得落花流水,虽然那些巨人身披一种鱼鳞甲,据说比金刚石还结实,而且手持的不是短剑,是精致闪亮的钢刀,或是钢头铁锤,这种锤子我见过几次。我的管家,我说这些就是为了让你知道骑士与骑士并不完全相同。所以,各国君主特别器重这第二种骑士,或者说是第一等的游侠骑士,是理所当然的。在我读过的几本书里,有的游侠骑士拯救了不止一个王国,而是很多王国呢。”

①决斗双方选择位置时,应注意面向阳光的程度要相等,以示公正。

“可是我的大人,”外甥女这时候说,“您应该知道,这些说游侠骑士的书都是编造的。这些书如果还没被烧掉,也应该给它们穿上悔罪衣或者贴上什么标记,让人们知道它们全是些胡说八道、有伤风化的东西。”

“我向养育了我的上帝发誓,”唐吉诃德说,“假如你不是我的外甥女,不是我姐妹的女儿,就凭你这番侮慢不恭的话,我早就狠狠地惩罚你了,让大家都能听到你叫唤!你这个乳臭未干的毛孩子,怎么能对骑士小说评头品足呢?如果阿马迪斯大人听到了会怎么说呢?不过,我敢肯定他会原谅你,因为他是他那个时代最谦恭的骑士,而且特别愿意保护少女。可是,如果其他不像他那样客气的骑士听到了会怎么样呢?有的骑士就很粗鲁。并非所有自称骑士的人都是一样的。有的很优秀,有的就很一般,看上去都像骑士,可并不是所有人都经得起考验。有些出身卑微的人特别渴望能被人看作骑士,可也有出身高贵的骑士却甘愿成为下等人。前一种人凭野心或是凭良心变得有地位了,而后一种人却因为懒惰或行为不轨而堕落了,所以,我们一定要以我们自己的明断力来区分这两类骑士,他们名称相同,行为却不一样。”

“上帝保佑,”外甥女说,“您知道得可真够多的。如果必要的话,您真可以到大街上搭个布道台去进行说教了。可是您又睁着眼睛说瞎话,愚蠢得出奇。您本来已经上了年纪,却想让人以为您还很勇敢;您本来已经疾病缠身,却想让人以为您还年富力强;您本来已经风烛残年,却想让人以为您还能拨乱反正;尤其是您还自以为是骑士,其实您根本不是,破落贵族根本不能做骑士,穷人也不能做骑士!”

“你说得很对,外甥女,”唐吉诃德说,“关于家族问题,我可以给你讲出一大堆话来,你准会感到惊奇。不过,我不想讲那么多了,以免把神圣的事同世俗的事混淆起来。你们仔细听我说,世界上各种各样的家族归纳起来一共有四种。一种是最初卑微,后来逐渐发展到很高贵的层次。另一种是开始就兴旺,后来始终保持着最初的水平。再一种就是开始很兴旺,后来发展成了一个金字塔尖。它的家族逐渐缩小,变成了极小的一部分,就像一座金字塔,它的底座已经毫无意义。最后一种家族人数最多,他们起初还算不错,说得过去,后来也是这样,就像一般老百姓家一样。第一种由卑微发展为高贵,而且仍然保持着高贵,其例子就是奥斯曼家族。这个家族从地位低下的牧人发展到了我们现在见到的这种地位。第二种开始不错,而且也保持下来了,很多君主都可以算作这种例子。他们继承了过去的境况,又把它保持下来,没有发展,也没有衰败,踏踏实实地过着他们的日子。至于那种最初很兴旺,后来只剩下一个尖的例子就成千上万了,例如埃及法老、图特摩斯、罗马的凯撒,还有无数的国王、君主、领主、米堤亚人、亚述人、波斯人、希腊人和北非伊斯兰教各国人,与先人相比,这些人的家族和权势都只剩下一点儿,现在已经找不到他们的后代了,即使能找到,地位也都很低下。

“至于那些平民家族,我只能说他们的人数在不断扩充,可他们没有任何事迹可以留下美名,受到赞扬。你们这两个蠢货,我讲这些是为了让你们明白,现在对家族问题的模糊意识有多么严重。只有那些品德高尚、经济富有、慷慨好施的人才算得上伟大高贵。我说他们必须品德高尚、经济富有,而且慷慨好施,是因为一个人若只是伟大,如果他有毛病,那么他的毛病也大;如果一个人富有而不慷慨,那么她只能是个吝啬的乞丐,因为他只会拥有,不会正确使用他的财富,只会任意乱花或不花,而不会有效地利用它。贫穷的骑士则只能靠自己的品德,靠他和蔼可亲、举止高贵、谦恭有礼、勤奋备至、不高傲自大、不鼠肚鸡肠、尤其是仁慈敦厚来显示自己是个真正的骑士。他心甘情愿地给穷人两文钱,也和敲锣打鼓地施舍一样属于慷慨大方。如果他具有了上述品德,别人即使不认识他,也一定会以为他出身高贵,要不这样认为才怪呢。称赞历来就是对美德的奖励,有道德的人一定会受到称赞。

“宝贝们,一个人要想既发财又有名气,有两条路可以走,一条是文的,另一条是武的,而我更适合于武的。我受战神的影响,生来偏武,所以我必须走这条路,即使所有人反对也无济于事。你们费心劳神地想让我不从事天意所指、命运所定、情理所求、尤其是我的意志希望我去做的事情,那只能是枉费心机,因为我知道游侠骑士须付出的无数辛劳,也知道靠游侠骑士能得到的各种利益。我知道这条道德之路非常狭窄,而恶习之路却很宽广,但是它们的结局却不相同。恶习之路虽然宽广,却只能导致死亡,而道德之路尽管狭窄艰苦,导致的却是生机,而且不是有生而止,是永生而无穷尽,就像我们伟大的西班牙诗人①说的:

沿着这崎岖的道路,

通向不朽的境界,

怯者无指望。”

①此处指加尔西拉索·德拉·维加(1539—1616)。

“我真倒霉透了,”外甥女说,“瞧我的舅舅还是诗人呢。他无所不知,无所不能。他若是个泥瓦匠,盖一所房子准像搭个鸟笼子似的易如反掌。”

“我敢保证,外甥女,”唐吉诃德说,“若不是骑士思想占据了我的全部身心,我真可以无所不能呢。我什么都会做,特别是鸟笼子、牙签之类的东西,这并不新鲜。”

这时候有人叫门。几个人问是谁在叫门,桑乔说是他。女管家对桑乔简直讨厌透了,一听是他,立刻躲了起来,不愿见他。外甥女打开了门,唐吉诃德出来展开双臂迎接他。两个人又在房间里开始了另外一场谈话,同前面那次一样有趣。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 irrelevant ZkGy6     
adj.不恰当的,无关系的,不相干的
参考例句:
  • That is completely irrelevant to the subject under discussion.这跟讨论的主题完全不相关。
  • A question about arithmetic is irrelevant in a music lesson.在音乐课上,一个数学的问题是风马牛不相及的。
2 housekeeper 6q2zxl     
n.管理家务的主妇,女管家
参考例句:
  • A spotless stove told us that his mother is a diligent housekeeper.炉子清洁无瑕就表明他母亲是个勤劳的主妇。
  • She is an economical housekeeper and feeds her family cheaply.她节约持家,一家人吃得很省。
3 chivalry wXAz6     
n.骑士气概,侠义;(男人)对女人彬彬有礼,献殷勤
参考例句:
  • The Middle Ages were also the great age of chivalry.中世纪也是骑士制度盛行的时代。
  • He looked up at them with great chivalry.他非常有礼貌地抬头瞧她们。
4 supplication supplication     
n.恳求,祈愿,哀求
参考例句:
  • She knelt in supplication. 她跪地祷求。
  • The supplication touched him home. 这个请求深深地打动了他。 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
5 majesty MAExL     
n.雄伟,壮丽,庄严,威严;最高权威,王权
参考例句:
  • The king had unspeakable majesty.国王有无法形容的威严。
  • Your Majesty must make up your mind quickly!尊贵的陛下,您必须赶快做出决定!
6 knight W2Hxk     
n.骑士,武士;爵士
参考例句:
  • He was made an honourary knight.他被授予荣誉爵士称号。
  • A knight rode on his richly caparisoned steed.一个骑士骑在装饰华丽的马上。
7 knights 2061bac208c7bdd2665fbf4b7067e468     
骑士; (中古时代的)武士( knight的名词复数 ); 骑士; 爵士; (国际象棋中)马
参考例句:
  • stories of knights and fair maidens 关于骑士和美女的故事
  • He wove a fascinating tale of knights in shining armour. 他编了一个穿着明亮盔甲的骑士的迷人故事。
8 chambers c053984cd45eab1984d2c4776373c4fe     
n.房间( chamber的名词复数 );(议会的)议院;卧室;会议厅
参考例句:
  • The body will be removed into one of the cold storage chambers. 尸体将被移到一个冷冻间里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Mr Chambers's readable book concentrates on the middle passage: the time Ransome spent in Russia. Chambers先生的这本值得一看的书重点在中间:Ransome在俄国的那几年。 来自互联网
9 relics UkMzSr     
[pl.]n.遗物,遗迹,遗产;遗体,尸骸
参考例句:
  • The area is a treasure house of archaeological relics. 这个地区是古文物遗迹的宝库。
  • Xi'an is an ancient city full of treasures and saintly relics. 西安是一个有很多宝藏和神圣的遗物的古老城市。
10 mighty YDWxl     
adj.强有力的;巨大的
参考例句:
  • A mighty force was about to break loose.一股巨大的力量即将迸发而出。
  • The mighty iceberg came into view.巨大的冰山出现在眼前。
11 gallant 66Myb     
adj.英勇的,豪侠的;(向女人)献殷勤的
参考例句:
  • Huang Jiguang's gallant deed is known by all men. 黄继光的英勇事迹尽人皆知。
  • These gallant soldiers will protect our country.这些勇敢的士兵会保卫我们的国家的。
12 vanquish uKTzU     
v.征服,战胜;克服;抑制
参考例句:
  • He tried to vanquish his fears.他努力克服恐惧心理。
  • It is impossible to vanquish so strong an enemy without making an extensive and long-term effort.现在要战胜这样一个强敌,非有长期的广大的努力是不可能的。
13 armour gySzuh     
(=armor)n.盔甲;装甲部队
参考例句:
  • His body was encased in shining armour.他全身披着明晃晃的甲胄。
  • Bulletproof cars sheathed in armour.防弹车护有装甲。
14 wield efhyv     
vt.行使,运用,支配;挥,使用(武器等)
参考例句:
  • They wield enormous political power.他们行使巨大的政治权力。
  • People may wield the power in a democracy.在民主国家里,人民可以行使权力。
15 trenchant lmowg     
adj.尖刻的,清晰的
参考例句:
  • His speech was a powerful and trenchant attack against apartheid.他的演说是对种族隔离政策强有力的尖锐的抨击。
  • His comment was trenchant and perceptive.他的评论既一针见血又鞭辟入里。
16 spikes jhXzrc     
n.穗( spike的名词复数 );跑鞋;(防滑)鞋钉;尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 );偷偷地给某人的饮料加入(更多)酒精( 或药物);把尖状物钉入;打乱某人的计划
参考例句:
  • a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
  • There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉,以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
17 salvation nC2zC     
n.(尤指基督)救世,超度,拯救,解困
参考例句:
  • Salvation lay in political reform.解救办法在于政治改革。
  • Christians hope and pray for salvation.基督教徒希望并祈祷灵魂得救。
18 fable CzRyn     
n.寓言;童话;神话
参考例句:
  • The fable is given on the next page. 这篇寓言登在下一页上。
  • He had some motive in telling this fable. 他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。
19 infamous K7ax3     
adj.声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的,邪恶的
参考例句:
  • He was infamous for his anti-feminist attitudes.他因反对女性主义而声名狼藉。
  • I was shocked by her infamous behaviour.她的无耻行径令我震惊。
20 corrupter 0bfce1e49c5e7eb86bcb89965c3e037e     
堕落的,道德败坏的; 贪污的,腐败的; 腐烂的; (文献等)错误百出的
参考例句:
  • The police were corrupt and were operating in collusion with the drug dealers. 警察腐败,与那伙毒品贩子内外勾结。
  • corrupt officials accepting bribes 接受贿赂的贪官污吏
21 inflict Ebnz7     
vt.(on)把…强加给,使遭受,使承担
参考例句:
  • Don't inflict your ideas on me.不要把你的想法强加于我。
  • Don't inflict damage on any person.不要伤害任何人。
22 chastisement chastisement     
n.惩罚
参考例句:
  • You cannot but know that we live in a period of chastisement and ruin. 你们必须认识到我们生活在一个灾难深重、面临毁灭的时代。 来自辞典例句
  • I think the chastisement to him is too critical. 我认为对他的惩罚太严厉了。 来自互联网
23 blasphemy noyyW     
n.亵渎,渎神
参考例句:
  • His writings were branded as obscene and a blasphemy against God.他的著作被定为淫秽作品,是对上帝的亵渎。
  • You have just heard his blasphemy!你刚刚听到他那番亵渎上帝的话了!
24 criticise criticise     
v.批评,评论;非难
参考例句:
  • Right and left have much cause to criticise government.左翼和右翼有很多理由批评政府。
  • It is not your place to criticise or suggest improvements!提出批评或给予改进建议并不是你的责任!
25 humble ddjzU     
adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;v.降低,贬低
参考例句:
  • In my humble opinion,he will win the election.依我拙见,他将在选举中获胜。
  • Defeat and failure make people humble.挫折与失败会使人谦卑。
26 courteous tooz2     
adj.彬彬有礼的,客气的
参考例句:
  • Although she often disagreed with me,she was always courteous.尽管她常常和我意见不一,但她总是很谦恭有礼。
  • He was a kind and courteous man.他为人友善,而且彬彬有礼。
27 virtues cd5228c842b227ac02d36dd986c5cd53     
美德( virtue的名词复数 ); 德行; 优点; 长处
参考例句:
  • Doctors often extol the virtues of eating less fat. 医生常常宣扬少吃脂肪的好处。
  • She delivered a homily on the virtues of family life. 她进行了一场家庭生活美德方面的说教。
28 virtue BpqyH     
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
参考例句:
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
29 vices 01aad211a45c120dcd263c6f3d60ce79     
缺陷( vice的名词复数 ); 恶习; 不道德行为; 台钳
参考例句:
  • In spite of his vices, he was loved by all. 尽管他有缺点,还是受到大家的爱戴。
  • He vituperated from the pulpit the vices of the court. 他在教堂的讲坛上责骂宫廷的罪恶。
30 vice NU0zQ     
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
参考例句:
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
31 delusion x9uyf     
n.谬见,欺骗,幻觉,迷惑
参考例句:
  • He is under the delusion that he is Napoleon.他患了妄想症,认为自己是拿破仑。
  • I was under the delusion that he intended to marry me.我误认为他要娶我。
32 folly QgOzL     
n.愚笨,愚蠢,蠢事,蠢行,傻话
参考例句:
  • Learn wisdom by the folly of others.从别人的愚蠢行动中学到智慧。
  • Events proved the folly of such calculations.事情的进展证明了这种估计是愚蠢的。
33 crooked xvazAv     
adj.弯曲的;不诚实的,狡猾的,不正当的
参考例句:
  • He crooked a finger to tell us to go over to him.他弯了弯手指,示意我们到他那儿去。
  • You have to drive slowly on these crooked country roads.在这些弯弯曲曲的乡间小路上你得慢慢开车。
34 bent QQ8yD     
n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的
参考例句:
  • He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
  • We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。
35 attained 1f2c1bee274e81555decf78fe9b16b2f     
(通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况)
参考例句:
  • She has attained the degree of Master of Arts. 她已获得文学硕士学位。
  • Lu Hsun attained a high position in the republic of letters. 鲁迅在文坛上获得崇高的地位。
36 lessened 6351a909991322c8a53dc9baa69dda6f     
减少的,减弱的
参考例句:
  • Listening to the speech through an interpreter lessened its impact somewhat. 演讲辞通过翻译的嘴说出来,多少削弱了演讲的力量。
  • The flight to suburbia lessened the number of middle-class families living within the city. 随着迁往郊外的风行,住在城内的中产家庭减少了。
37 nought gHGx3     
n./adj.无,零
参考例句:
  • We must bring their schemes to nought.我们必须使他们的阴谋彻底破产。
  • One minus one leaves nought.一减一等于零。
38 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
39 remarkable 8Vbx6     
adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的
参考例句:
  • She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
  • These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。
40 plebeian M2IzE     
adj.粗俗的;平民的;n.平民;庶民
参考例句:
  • He is a philosophy professor with a cockney accent and an alarmingly plebeian manner.他是个有一口伦敦土腔、举止粗俗不堪的哲学教授。
  • He spent all day playing rackets on the beach,a plebeian sport if there ever was one.他一整天都在海滩玩壁球,再没有比这更不入流的运动了。
41 herd Pd8zb     
n.兽群,牧群;vt.使集中,把…赶在一起
参考例句:
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • He had no opinions of his own but simply follow the herd.他从无主见,只是人云亦云。
42 Founder wigxF     
n.创始者,缔造者
参考例句:
  • He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
  • According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说,罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。
43 countless 7vqz9L     
adj.无数的,多得不计其数的
参考例句:
  • In the war countless innocent people lost their lives.在这场战争中无数无辜的人丧失了性命。
  • I've told you countless times.我已经告诉你无数遍了。
44 monarchs aa0c84cc147684fb2cc83dc453b67686     
君主,帝王( monarch的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Monarchs ruled England for centuries. 世袭君主统治英格兰有许多世纪。
  • Serving six monarchs of his native Great Britain, he has served all men's freedom and dignity. 他在大不列颠本国为六位君王服务,也为全人类的自由和尊严服务。 来自演讲部分
45 barbarians c52160827c97a5d2143268a1299b1903     
n.野蛮人( barbarian的名词复数 );外国人;粗野的人;无教养的人
参考例句:
  • The ancient city of Rome fell under the iron hooves of the barbarians. 古罗马城在蛮族的铁蹄下沦陷了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • It conquered its conquerors, the barbarians. 它战胜了征服者——蛮族。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
46 founders 863257b2606659efe292a0bf3114782c     
n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
  • The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句
47 swell IHnzB     
vi.膨胀,肿胀;增长,增强
参考例句:
  • The waves had taken on a deep swell.海浪汹涌。
  • His injured wrist began to swell.他那受伤的手腕开始肿了。
48 eminence VpLxo     
n.卓越,显赫;高地,高处;名家
参考例句:
  • He is a statesman of great eminence.他是个声名显赫的政治家。
  • Many of the pilots were to achieve eminence in the aeronautical world.这些飞行员中很多人将会在航空界声名显赫。
49 generosity Jf8zS     
n.大度,慷慨,慷慨的行为
参考例句:
  • We should match their generosity with our own.我们应该像他们一样慷慨大方。
  • We adore them for their generosity.我们钦佩他们的慷慨。
50 kindly tpUzhQ     
adj.和蔼的,温和的,爽快的;adv.温和地,亲切地
参考例句:
  • Her neighbours spoke of her as kindly and hospitable.她的邻居都说她和蔼可亲、热情好客。
  • A shadow passed over the kindly face of the old woman.一道阴影掠过老太太慈祥的面孔。
51 haughty 4dKzq     
adj.傲慢的,高傲的
参考例句:
  • He gave me a haughty look and walked away.他向我摆出傲慢的表情后走开。
  • They were displeased with her haughty airs.他们讨厌她高傲的派头。
52 arrogant Jvwz5     
adj.傲慢的,自大的
参考例句:
  • You've got to get rid of your arrogant ways.你这骄傲劲儿得好好改改。
  • People are waking up that he is arrogant.人们开始认识到他很傲慢。
53 virtuous upCyI     
adj.有品德的,善良的,贞洁的,有效力的
参考例句:
  • She was such a virtuous woman that everybody respected her.她是个有道德的女性,人人都尊敬她。
  • My uncle is always proud of having a virtuous wife.叔叔一直为娶到一位贤德的妻子而骄傲。
54 inclination Gkwyj     
n.倾斜;点头;弯腰;斜坡;倾度;倾向;爱好
参考例句:
  • She greeted us with a slight inclination of the head.她微微点头向我们致意。
  • I did not feel the slightest inclination to hurry.我没有丝毫着急的意思。
55 constrained YvbzqU     
adj.束缚的,节制的
参考例句:
  • The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it. 证据是那样的令人折服,他觉得不得不接受。
  • I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness. 我不得不写信请你原谅。
56 ordains 0c697c8c5cf7980223b68eec66ca6a14     
v.任命(某人)为牧师( ordain的第三人称单数 );授予(某人)圣职;(上帝、法律等)命令;判定
参考例句:
  • The festival ordains the Jains to observe the ten universal supreme virtues in daily practical life. 盛典命令耆那教徒日常遵守十大美德。 来自互联网
57 toils b316b6135d914eee9a4423309c5057e6     
参考例句:
  • It did not declare him to be still in Mrs. Dorset's toils. 这并不表明他仍陷于多赛特夫人的情网。
  • The thief was caught in the toils of law. 这个贼陷入了法网。
58 blessings 52a399b218b9208cade790a26255db6b     
n.(上帝的)祝福( blessing的名词复数 );好事;福分;因祸得福
参考例句:
  • Afflictions are sometimes blessings in disguise. 塞翁失马,焉知非福。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • We don't rely on blessings from Heaven. 我们不靠老天保佑。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
59 spacious YwQwW     
adj.广阔的,宽敞的
参考例句:
  • Our yard is spacious enough for a swimming pool.我们的院子很宽敞,足够建一座游泳池。
  • The room is bright and spacious.这房间很豁亮。
60 rugged yXVxX     
adj.高低不平的,粗糙的,粗壮的,强健的
参考例句:
  • Football players must be rugged.足球运动员必须健壮。
  • The Rocky Mountains have rugged mountains and roads.落基山脉有崇山峻岭和崎岖不平的道路。
61 immortality hkuys     
n.不死,不朽
参考例句:
  • belief in the immortality of the soul 灵魂不灭的信念
  • It was like having immortality while you were still alive. 仿佛是当你仍然活着的时候就得到了永生。
62 falter qhlzP     
vi.(嗓音)颤抖,结巴地说;犹豫;蹒跚
参考例句:
  • His voice began to falter.他的声音开始发颤。
  • As he neared the house his steps faltered.当他走近房子时,脚步迟疑了起来。
63 chivalrous 0Xsz7     
adj.武士精神的;对女人彬彬有礼的
参考例句:
  • Men are so little chivalrous now.现在的男人几乎没有什么骑士风度了。
  • Toward women he was nobly restrained and chivalrous.对于妇女,他表现得高尚拘谨,尊敬三分。
64 faculties 066198190456ba4e2b0a2bda2034dfc5     
n.能力( faculty的名词复数 );全体教职员;技巧;院
参考例句:
  • Although he's ninety, his mental faculties remain unimpaired. 他虽年届九旬,但头脑仍然清晰。
  • All your faculties have come into play in your work. 在你的工作中,你的全部才能已起到了作用。 来自《简明英汉词典》
65 abhorrence Vyiz7     
n.憎恶;可憎恶的事
参考例句:
  • This nation has an abhorrence of terrrorism.这个民族憎恶恐怖主义。
  • It is an abhorrence to his feeling.这是他深恶痛绝的事。


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