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Chapter 9
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The community of fowls2 to which Tess had been appointed as supervisor3, purveyor4, nurse, surgeon, and friend, made its head quarters in an old thatched cottage standing5 in an enclosure that had once been a garden, but was now a trampled6 and sanded square. The house was overrun with ivy7, its chimney being enlarged by the boughs8 of the parasite9 to the aspect of a ruined tower. The lower rooms were entirely10 given over to the birds, who walked about them with a proprietary11 air, as though the place had been built by themselves, and not by certain dusty copy holders12 who now lay east and west in the churchyard. The descendants of these bygone owners felt it almost as a slight to their family when the house which had so much of their affection, had cost so much of their forefathers13' money, and had been in their possession for several generations before the d'Urbervilles came and built here, was indifferently turned into a fowl1 house by Mrs Stoke-d'Urberville as soon as the property fell into hand according to law. `'Twas good enough for Christians14 in grandfather's time,' they said.

The rooms wherein dozens of infants had wailed15 at their nursing now resounded16 with the tapping of nascent17 chicks. Distracted hens in coops occupied spots where formerly18 stood chairs supporting sedate19 agriculturists. The chimney-corner and once blazing hearth20 was now filled with inverted21 beehives, in which the hens laid their eggs; while out of doors the plots that each succeeding householder had carefully shaped with his spade were torn by the cocks in wildest fashion.

The garden in which the cottage stood was surrounded by a wall, and could only be entered through a door.

When Tess had occupied herself about an hour the next morning in altering and improving the arrangements, according to her skilled ideas as the daughter of a professed23 poulterer, the door in the wall opened and a servant in white cap and apron24 entered. She had come from the manor-house.

`Mrs d'Urberville wants the fowls as usual,' she said; but perceiving that Tess did not quite understand, she explained, `Mis'ess is a old lady, and blind.'

`Blind!' said Tess.

Almost before her misgiving25 at the news could find time to shape itself she took, under her companion's direction, two of the most beautiful of the Hamburghs in her arms, and followed the maid-servant, who had likewise taken two, to the adjacent mansion26, which, though ornate and imposing27, showed traces everywhere on this side that some occupant of its chambers28 could bend to the love of dumb creatures - feathers floating within view of the front, and hen-coops standing on the grass.

In a sitting-room29 on the ground-floor, ensconced in an armchair with her back to the light, was the owner and mistress of the estate, a white haired woman of not more than sixty, or even less, wearing a large cap. She had the mobile face frequent in those whose sight has decayed by stages, has been laboriously30 striven after, and reluctantly let go, rather than the stagnant31 mien32 apparent in persons long sightless or born blind. Tess walked up to this lady with her feathered charges - one sitting on each arm.

`Ah, you are the young woman come to look after my birds?' said Mrs d'Urberville, recognizing a new footstep. `I hope you will be kind to them. My bailiff tells me you are quite the proper person. Well, where are they? Ah, this is Strut33! But he is hardly so lively today, is he? He is alarmed at being handled by a stranger, I suppose. And Phena too - yes, they are a little frightened - aren't you, dears? But they will soon get used to you.'

While the old lady had been speaking Tess and the other maid, in obedience34 to her gestures, had placed the fowls severally in her lap, and she had felt them over from head to tail, examining their beaks35, their combs, the manes of the cocks, their wings, and their claws. Her touch enabled her to recognize them in a moment, and to discover if a single feather were crippled or dragged. She handled their crops, and knew what they had eaten, and if too little or too much; her face enacting36 a vivid pantomime of the criticisms passing in her mind.

The birds that the two girls had brought in were duly returned to the yard, and the process was repeated till all the pet cocks and hens had been submitted to the old woman - Hamburghs, Bantams, Cochins, Brahmas, Dorkings, and such other sorts as were in fashion just then - her perception of each visitor being seldom at fault as she received the bird upon her knees.

It reminded Tess of a Confirmation37, in which Mrs d'Urberville was the bishop38, the fowls the young people presented, and herself and the maidservant the parson and curate of the parish bringing them up. At the end of the ceremony Mrs d'Urberville abruptly39 asked Tess, wrinkling and twitching40 her face into undulations, `Can you whistle?'

`Whistle, Ma'am?'

`Yes, whistle tunes41.'

Tess could whistle like most other country girls, though the accomplishment42 was one which she did not care to profess22 in genteel company. However, she blandly43 admitted that such was the fact.

`Then you will have to practise it every day. I had a lad who did it very well, but he has left. I want you to whistle to my bullfinches; as I cannot see them I like to hear them, and we teach `em airs that way. Tell her where the cages are, Elizabeth. You must begin tomorrow, or they will go back in their piping. They have been neglected these several days.'

`Mr d'Urberville whistled to 'em this morning, ma'am,' said Elizabeth.

`He! Pooh!'

The old lady's face creased44 into furrows45 of repugnance46, and she made no further reply.

Thus the reception of Tess by her fancied kinswoman terminated, and the birds were taken back to their quarters. The girl's surprise at Mrs d'Urberville's manner was not great; for since seeing the size of the house she had expected no more. But she was far from being aware that the old lady had never heard a word of the so-called kinship. She gathered that no great affection flowed between the blind woman and her son. But in that, too, she was mistaken. Mrs d'Urberville was not the first mother compelled to love her offspring resentfully, and to be bitterly fond.

In spite of the unpleasant initiation47 of the day before, Tess inclined to the freedom and novelty of her new position in the morning when the sun shone, now that she was once installed there; and she was curious to test her powers in the unexpected direction asked of her, so as to ascertain48 her chance of retaining her post. As soon as she was alone within the walled garden she sat herself down on a coop, and seriously screwed up her mouth for the long neglected practice. She found her former ability to have degenerated49 to the production of a hollow rush of wind through the lips, and no clear note at all.

She remained fruitlessly blowing and blowing, wondering how she could have so grown out of the art which had come by nature, till she became aware of a movement among the ivy-boughs which cloaked the garden-wall no less than the cottage. Looking that way she beheld50 a form springing from the coping to the plot. It was Alec d'Urberville, whom she had not set eves on since he had conducted her the day before to the door of the gardener's cottage where she had lodgings51.

`Upon my honour!' cried he, `there was never before such a beautiful thing in Nature or Art as you look, "Cousin" Tess ["Cousin" had a faint ring of mockery]. I have been watching you from over the wall sitting - like Im-patience on a monument, and pouting52 up that pretty red mouth to whistling shape, and `whoaing and whoaing, and privately53 swearing, and never being able to produce a note. Why, you are quite cross because you can't do it.'

`I may be cross, but I didn't swear.'

`Ah! I understand why you are trying - those bullies54! My mother wants you to carry on their musical education. How selfish of her! As if attending to these curst cocks and hens here were not enough work for any girl. I would flatly refuse, if I were you.'

`But she wants me particularly to do it, and to be ready by to-morrow morning.'

`Does she? Well then - I'll give you a lesson or two.'

`Oh no, you won't!' said Tess, withdrawing towards the door.

`Nonsense; I don't want to touch you. See - I'll stand on this side of the wire netting, and you can keep on the other; so you may feel quite safe. Now, look here; you screw up your lips too harshly. There 'tis - so.'

He suited the action to the word, and whistled a line of `Take, O take those lips away'. But the allusion55 was lost upon Tess.

`Now try,' said d'Urberville.

She attempted to look reserved; her face put on a sculptural severity. But he persisted in his demand, and at last, to get rid of him, she did put up her lips as directed for producing a clear note; laughing distressfully, however, and then blushing with vexation that she had laughed.

He encouraged her with `Try again!'

Tess was quite serious, painfully serious by this time; and she tried - ultimately and unexpectedly emitting a real round sound. The momentary56 pleasure of success got the better of her; her eyes enlarged, and she involuntarily smiled in his face.

`That's it! Now I have started you - you'll go on beautifully. There - I said I would not come near you; and, in spite of such temptation as never before fell to mortal man, I'll keep my word... Tess, do you think my mother a queer old soul?'

`I don't know much of her yet, sir.'

`You'll find her so; she must be, to make you learn to whistle to her bullfinches. I am rather out of her books just now, but you will be quite in favour if you treat her live-stock well. Good morning. If you meet with any difficulties and want help here, don't go to the bailiff, come to me.'


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It was in the economy of this régime that Tess Durbeyfield had undertaken to fill a place. Her first day's experiences were fairly typical of those which followed through many succeeding days. A familiarity with Alec d'Urberville's presence - which that young man carefully cultivated in her by playful dialogue, and by lastingly57 calling her his cousin when they were alone - removed much of her original shyness of him, without, however, implanting any feeling which could engender58 shyness of a new and tenderer kind. But she was more pliable59 under his hands than a mere60 companionship would have made her, owing to her unavoidable dependence61 upon his mother, and, through that lady's comparative helplessness, upon him.

She soon found that whistling to the bullfinches in Mrs d'Urberville's room was no such onerous62 business when she had regained63 the art, for she had caught from her musical mother numerous airs that suited those songsters admirably. A far more satisfactory time than when she practised in the garden was this whistling by the cages each morning. Unrestrained by the young man's presence she threw up her mouth, put her lips near the bars, and piped away in easeful grace to the attentive64 listeners.

Mrs d'Urberville slept in a large four-post bedstead hung with heavy damask curtains, and the bullfinches occupied the same apartment, where they flitted about freely at certain hours, and made little white spots on the furniture and upholstery. Once while Tess was at the window where the cages were ranged, giving her lesson as usual, she thought she heard a rustling65 behind the bed. The old lady was not present, and turning round the girl had an impression that the toes of a pair of boots were visible below the fringe of the curtains. Thereupon her whistling became so disjointed that the listener, if such there were, must have discovered her suspicion of his presence. She searched the curtains every morning after that, but never found anybody within them. Alec d'Urberville had evidently thought better of his freak to terrify her by an ambush66 of that kind.
 

  苔丝担负的工作就是当一大群鸡的监护人、食物供应商、护上、外科医生和朋友,这群鸡的大本营是矗立在一个场院中的一所旧茅屋,那个场院从前是一个花园,但是现在却被踩成了一块满是沙土的方形场地。茅屋上爬满了长春藤,屋顶上的烟囱也布满了这种寄生植物的枝蔓,因此变得粗大了,它的外形看上去就好像是一个废弃了的塔楼。下面的房间全都作了鸡舍,这一群鸡带着主人的神气在房间里走来走去,仿佛这些房子都是它们自己建造的,而不是由那些埋葬在教堂墓地中现在已化为尘土的地产保有人建造的。当这份产业根据法律一落到斯托克·德贝维尔夫人手里,她就满不在乎地把这所房子变成了鸡舍,这在往日房主的子孙们看来,简直就是对他们家的侮辱,因为在德贝维尔家来到这儿住下以前,他们对这所房子都怀有深厚的感情,花费了他们祖先大量的金钱,房子也一直是他们好几代人的财产。他们说:“在我们祖父的时候,有身分的人住这所房子也是够好的。”
  在这所房子的房间里,曾经有几十个还在吃奶的婴儿大声哭叫过,而现在里面却回响着小鸡啄食的噗噗声。在从前摆放椅子的地方,现在却摆放着鸡笼,从前椅子上坐着安详的农夫,而现在鸡笼里却养着心神不宁的母鸡。在壁炉烟囱的墙角和曾经火光熊熊的壁炉旁边,现在堆满了倒扣过来的蜂窝,变成了母鸡下蛋的鸡窝;门外的一块块园畦,从前每一块都叫房主拿着铁鍬拾掇得整整齐齐,现在都让公鸡用最野蛮的方式刨得乱七八糟。
  修建这所房子的花园四周有一道围墙,只有通过一道门才能进入园内。
  第二天早上,苔丝整整忙了一个小时来收拾鸡舍,她本来就是以贩卖家禽为业的人家的女儿,所以就凭着自己的巧思对鸡场作了改动,重新布置了一番。就在这个时候,墙上的门被打开了,一个戴着白帽子系着白围裙的女仆走了进来。她是从庄园里来的。
  “德贝维尔夫人又要鸡啦,”她说:不过她看见苔丝没有完全明白,就解释说,“夫人是一个老太太,眼睛瞎了。”
  “眼睛瞎啦!”苔丝说。
  听了女仆的话,苔丝疑虑丛生,但还没有等到她回过味来,就按照女仆的指点抱起两种最漂亮的汉堡鸡,跟在也同样抱着两只鸡的女仆后面,向附近的庄园走去;庄园虽然装饰华丽、雄伟壮观,但是种种迹象显示,住在庄园里的人喜爱不会说话的动物——庄园前面的空中鸡毛飘飞,草地上也摆满了鸡宠。
  在楼下一间起居室里,庄园的主人和主妇背对着亮光舒适地坐在一把扶手椅上,她是一个白发苍苍的老妇人,戴一顶大便帽,年龄不过六十岁,甚至不到六十岁。她的视力已经逐渐衰退了,她对这一双眼睛也曾经作过巨大努力,后来才不大情愿地放弃了,这同那些失明多年或者生来就是瞎子的人明显不同,因此她的脸经常显得很生动。苔丝带着她的鸡走到老夫人的面前——她一只手上抱着一只鸡。
  “啊,你就是那个来帮我照看鸡的姑娘吧?”德贝维尔夫人听见有一种新的脚步声,嘴里说。“我希望你能好好地照顾它们。我的管家告诉我说,你为我照看鸡是最合适的人。好啦,我的鸡在哪儿?哦,这是斯特拉特①!不过它今天不太活泼,是不是?我想因为是一个陌生人带它来,把它吓着啦。凤凰也一样——对。它们都有点害怕——你们是不是有点儿害怕,我的宝贝?不过它们很快就会熟悉你的。”
  
  ①斯特拉特(Strut),意为趾高气扬、神气活现。
  老夫人一边说话,一边打着手势,苔丝就和另外那个女仆按照手势把鸡一个个放在老夫人的膝上。老夫人用手从头到尾地摸它们,检查它们的嘴、鸡冠、翅膀、爪子和公鸡的颈毛。她通过触摸能够立即认出这些鸡来,知道它们是不是有一根羽毛折断了,弄脏了。她用手摸摸它们的嗉子,就能知道它们是不是喂过食了,是吃得太多还是太少;她的脸表演的是一出生动的哑剧,内心流露的种种批评都从脸上显现出来。
  两个姑娘把带来的鸡一只只送回院子,不断重复着带来送去的程序,一只又一只地把老夫人所宠爱的公鸡和母鸡送到她的面前——如汉堡鸡、短脚鸡、交趾鸡、印度大种鸡、多津鸡,还有其它一些当时流行的各种各样的鸡——当每只鸡放到老夫人的膝上时,她都能认出来,而且几乎没有认错的。
  这使苔丝想起了一种坚信礼仪式②,在这种仪式里,德贝维尔夫人就是主教,那些鸡就是受礼的一群小孩子,而她自己和那个女仆就是把它们带去受礼的牧师和副牧师。仪式结束时,德贝维尔夫人把脸皱起来,扭动出一脸的折子,突然问苔丝:“你会吹口哨吧?”
  
  ②坚信礼(Confirmation),一种基督教仪式。根据基督教教义,孩子在一个月时受洗礼,十三岁时受坚信礼。孩子只有被施坚信礼后,才能成为教会正式教徒。

  “吹口哨,夫人?”
  “是的,吹口哨。”
  苔丝同大多数乡下姑娘一样会吹口哨,虽然她在体面人面前不愿承认会这门技艺。但是,她还是满不在乎地承认了她是会吹口哨的。
  “那么你每天都得吹口哨。从前我这儿有个小伙子口哨吹得好,不过他已经走了。我要你对着我的红腹灰雀吹口哨;因为我看不见鸟儿,所以我喜欢听鸟儿唱歌,我们就是用那种方法教鸟儿唱歌的。伊丽莎白,告诉她鸟笼子在什么地方。从明天开始你就要吹口哨,不然的话,它们会唱的就要忘啦。这几天来,已经没有人教它们了。”
  “今天早晨德贝维尔先生向它们吹口哨来着,夫人,”伊丽莎白说。
  “他!呸!”
  老夫人的脸上堆起了许多皱纹,表示她的厌恶,不再说别的话了。
  苔丝想象中的亲戚对她的接见就这样结束了,那些鸡也被送回到它们的院子里。对德贝维尔夫人的态度,苔丝并不怎样感到奇怪;因为自从见到了这座庄园的规模以后,她就没有抱什么奢望。但是她一点儿也不知道,关于所谓的亲戚的事,老夫人却没有听说过一个字。她猜想那个瞎眼的老妇人和她的儿子之间没有什么感情交流。不过关于这一点,她也猜猎了。天下带着怨恨爱孩子和带着伤心疼孩子的母亲,德贝维尔夫人并不是第一个。
  尽管头一天一开始就叫人不痛快,但是既然她已经在这儿安置下来,所以当早晨太阳照耀时,她就爱上了她的新工作的自由和新奇;她想试试老夫人对她作的出人意料的吩咐,检验一下自己的能力,以便确定保不保得住她得到的这个工作机会。
  当苔丝回到围墙的院子里只剩下一个人时,她就在一个鸡笼上坐下来,认真地把嘴巴撮起来,开始了她早已生疏了的练习。她发现她吹口哨的能力已经退化了,只能从撮起的嘴唇中吹出一阵阵空洞的风声,根本就吹不成清楚的音调。
  她坐在那儿吹了又吹,总是吹不成音调,心想究竟是怎么回事,自己生来就会的本领怎么会忘记得这样干净;院子的围墙上爬满了长春藤,一点儿也不比屋子上的长春藤少,后来,她发现在长春藤中间有什么东西在动。她向那个方向看去,看见一个人影从墙头上跳到了地上。那个人影是阿历克·德贝维尔,自从前天他把她带进院子小屋里住下以后,她再也没有见过他。
  “我用名誉担保!”他叫道,“无论在人间里还是在绘画里,从来也没有像你这样漂亮的人,‘苔丝’堂妹(在‘堂妹’的口气里,有一点儿嘲弄的味儿)。我已经在墙那边观察你好半天了——你坐在那儿,就像石碑上雕刻的急躁女神①,把你漂亮的红色嘴唇撮起来,做成吹口哨的形状,不停地吹着,悄悄地骂着,可就是吹不出一个音来。你因为吹不出口哨来,所以你很生气。”
  
  ①石碑上雕刻的急躁女神(like Impatience on a monument),可参考莎士比亚《第十二夜》第二幕第四场第113页“她坐在那儿,就像石碑上雕刻的忍耐女神”(She sat like a Patience on a monument)一句。

  “我也许生气来着,但是我没有骂。”
  “啊!我知道你为什么吹口哨——是为了那些小鸟儿!我母亲要你给它们上音乐课。她多么自私呀!好像照看这些公鸡和母鸡还不够一个女孩子忙的。我要是你,我就干脆不干。”
  “可是她特别要我吹口哨啊,而且要我明天早晨就开始吹。”
  “真的吗?那好吧——让我先教你一两课吧。”
  “哦,不用,你不用教我!”苔丝说,一边向门口退去。
  “废话;我又不想碰你。瞧好啦——我站在铁丝网的这边,你可以站在铁丝网的另一边;这样你就可以完全放心了。好啦,现在看我这儿;你把嘴唇撮得太厉害了。要像这个样子——就是这个样子。”
  他一边讲解,一边示范,吹出的一句调子是:“挪开,啊,把你的两片嘴唇挪开。”①不过苔丝对调子的含义完全不懂。
  
  ①挪开,啊,把你的两片嘴唇挪开(Take,O take take those lips away),源于莎士比亚《一报还一报》第四幕第一场中男侍所唱歌词的第一句。

  “你来试试,”德贝维尔说。
  她尽量表现出冷淡的样子;脸部的表情像一座雕像的脸那样严肃。不过他非要她试着吹吹,后来为了摆脱他的纠缠,她只好按照他说的怎样才能发出清晰音调的方法,把她的嘴唇撮起来;但是她也很难过地笑了起来,后来又因为自己笑了,心里恼怒,脸又变红了。
  他用“再试试”的话鼓励她。
  这一次苔丝做得十分认真。认真得叫人感到痛苦;她试着吹——吹到后来,没想到竟吹出了一个真正圆润的哨音来。成功暂时给她带来欢乐,使她的心情变得好起来;她的眼睛也变大了,不知不觉地在他的面前笑起来。
  “这就对了!现在我已经教会你开始吹了——你会吹得很好的。你看——我说过我不会接近你的;尽管世界上从来没有一个男人能经受这种诱惑,我还是要信守我的诺言……苔丝,你觉得我的母亲是不是一个古怪的老太婆?”
  “对她我知道得还不多呢,先生。”
  “你会发现她是一个古怪的老太婆;她肯定是一个古怪的人,所以才要你学习吹口哨,教她的红腹灰雀。现在我是很不讨她喜欢的,但是如果你把她的那些鸡照顾好了,你就一定能讨她的喜欢。再见。如果你遇到什么困难,在这儿需要什么帮助,就来找我好啦,不要去找管家。”
  苔丝就是在这种组织里答应去填补一个位置。她头一天的生活体验相当典型地代表着在后来许多日子里她所经历的生活。对于阿历克·德贝维尔同她见面,她也习以为常了——这是这个青年小心翼翼地在她身上培养起来的感情,是他通过说一些俏皮话、通过当他们单独在一起开玩笑时叫他堂妹培养起来的——苔丝同他熟悉起来,当初她对他的羞怯也消除了不少,不过,她也没有被注入某种新的感情,以至于产生一种新的和更加温柔的羞怯。但是,她做什么事都顺从着他,已经超出了一个伙伴的程度,这是因为她不得不依靠他的母亲,而他的母亲又对她没有什么帮助,所以她只好依靠他了。
  当她恢复了吹口哨的技艺的时候,不久她就发现,在德贝维尔夫人的屋子里,对着红腹灰雀吹口哨并不是十分繁重的事,因为她从她的善于唱歌的母亲那儿学会的大量曲调,对那些歌喉婉转的鸟儿非常合适。同当初在院子里练习吹口哨相比,现在每天早晨站在鸟笼子旁边吹这种口哨,的确是叫人满意快乐的了。那个青年不在身边,她感到无拘无束,就撅起嘴巴,靠近鸟笼子,对着那些留神细听的小鸟儿轻松优美地吹起来。
  德贝维尔夫人睡在一张大四柱床上,床上挂着厚实的锦缎帐子,红腹灰雀也养在同一间房里,在一定的时间里它们可以在房里自由自在地飞来飞去,把家具和垫子上弄得到处都是白色的小点。有一次,苔丝站在挂着一排鸟笼子的窗户像往常一样教小鸟儿唱歌时,她觉得她听见床后有一种细小的摩擦声。那个老太太当时不在,姑娘转过身去,在她的印象中好像看见帐沿下有一双靴子的尖头。因此,她吹的口哨立刻就乱了调子,如果真的有人的话,那么那个人也肯定发现苔丝怀疑到他的存在了。自此以后,她每天早晨都要搜查一遍帐子,但是从来没有发现有人在那儿。显然阿历克·德贝维尔已经完全想到了他的怪诞行为,如果他用那种埋伏的把戏,肯定要把苔丝吓坏的。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 fowl fljy6     
n.家禽,鸡,禽肉
参考例句:
  • Fowl is not part of a traditional brunch.禽肉不是传统的早午餐的一部分。
  • Since my heart attack,I've eaten more fish and fowl and less red meat.自从我患了心脏病后,我就多吃鱼肉和禽肉,少吃红色肉类。
2 fowls 4f8db97816f2d0cad386a79bb5c17ea4     
鸟( fowl的名词复数 ); 禽肉; 既不是这; 非驴非马
参考例句:
  • A great number of water fowls dwell on the island. 许多水鸟在岛上栖息。
  • We keep a few fowls and some goats. 我们养了几只鸡和一些山羊。
3 supervisor RrZwv     
n.监督人,管理人,检查员,督学,主管,导师
参考例句:
  • Between you and me I think that new supervisor is a twit.我们私下说,我认为新来的主管人是一个傻瓜。
  • He said I was too flighty to be a good supervisor.他说我太轻浮不能成为一名好的管理员。
4 purveyor GiMyN     
n.承办商,伙食承办商
参考例句:
  • Silence, purveyor of gossip, do not spread that report. 快别那样说,新闻记者阁下,别散布那个消息。 来自互联网
  • Teaching purpose: To comprehensively understand the role function and consciousness composition of a news purveyor. 教学目的:全面深入的理解新闻传播者的角色功能和意识构成。 来自互联网
5 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
6 trampled 8c4f546db10d3d9e64a5bba8494912e6     
踩( trample的过去式和过去分词 ); 践踏; 无视; 侵犯
参考例句:
  • He gripped his brother's arm lest he be trampled by the mob. 他紧抓着他兄弟的胳膊,怕他让暴民踩着。
  • People were trampled underfoot in the rush for the exit. 有人在拼命涌向出口时被踩在脚下。
7 ivy x31ys     
n.常青藤,常春藤
参考例句:
  • Her wedding bouquet consisted of roses and ivy.她的婚礼花篮包括玫瑰和长春藤。
  • The wall is covered all over with ivy.墙上爬满了常春藤。
8 boughs 95e9deca9a2fb4bbbe66832caa8e63e0     
大树枝( bough的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The green boughs glittered with all their pearls of dew. 绿枝上闪烁着露珠的光彩。
  • A breeze sighed in the higher boughs. 微风在高高的树枝上叹息着。
9 parasite U4lzN     
n.寄生虫;寄生菌;食客
参考例句:
  • The lazy man was a parasite on his family.那懒汉是家里的寄生虫。
  • I don't want to be a parasite.I must earn my own way in life.我不想做寄生虫,我要自己养活自己。
10 entirely entirely     
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
  • His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
11 proprietary PiZyG     
n.所有权,所有的;独占的;业主
参考例句:
  • We had to take action to protect the proprietary technology.我们必须采取措施保护专利技术。
  • Proprietary right is the foundation of jus rerem.所有权是物权法之根基。
12 holders 79c0e3bbb1170e3018817c5f45ebf33f     
支持物( holder的名词复数 ); 持有者; (支票等)持有人; 支托(或握持)…之物
参考例句:
  • Slaves were mercilessly ground down by slave holders. 奴隶受奴隶主的残酷压迫。
  • It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 正是对怜悯的作用有了认识,才使得死刑的提倡者指控主张废除死刑的人感情用事,同情谋杀犯胜过同情受害者。
13 forefathers EsTzkE     
n.祖先,先人;祖先,祖宗( forefather的名词复数 );列祖列宗;前人
参考例句:
  • They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left. 它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • All of us bristled at the lawyer's speech insulting our forefathers. 听到那个律师在讲演中污蔑我们的祖先,大家都气得怒发冲冠。 来自《简明英汉词典》
14 Christians 28e6e30f94480962cc721493f76ca6c6     
n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
  • His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。
15 wailed e27902fd534535a9f82ffa06a5b6937a     
v.哭叫,哀号( wail的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • She wailed over her father's remains. 她对着父亲的遗体嚎啕大哭。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The women of the town wailed over the war victims. 城里的妇女为战争的死难者们痛哭。 来自辞典例句
16 resounded 063087faa0e6dc89fa87a51a1aafc1f9     
v.(指声音等)回荡于某处( resound的过去式和过去分词 );产生回响;(指某处)回荡着声音
参考例句:
  • Laughter resounded through the house. 笑声在屋里回荡。
  • The echo resounded back to us. 回声传回到我们的耳中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
17 nascent H6uzZ     
adj.初生的,发生中的
参考例句:
  • That slim book showed the Chinese intelligentsia and the nascent working class.那本小册子讲述了中国的知识界和新兴的工人阶级。
  • Despite a nascent democracy movement,there's little traction for direct suffrage.尽管有过一次新生的民主运动,但几乎不会带来直接选举。
18 formerly ni3x9     
adv.从前,以前
参考例句:
  • We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
  • This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。
19 sedate dDfzH     
adj.沉着的,镇静的,安静的
参考例句:
  • After the accident,the doctor gave her some pills to sedate her.事故发生后,医生让她服了些药片使她镇静下来。
  • We spent a sedate evening at home.我们在家里过了一个恬静的夜晚。
20 hearth n5by9     
n.壁炉炉床,壁炉地面
参考例句:
  • She came and sat in a chair before the hearth.她走过来,在炉子前面的椅子上坐下。
  • She comes to the hearth,and switches on the electric light there.她走到壁炉那里,打开电灯。
21 inverted 184401f335d6b8661e04dfea47b9dcd5     
adj.反向的,倒转的v.使倒置,使反转( invert的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Only direct speech should go inside inverted commas. 只有直接引语应放在引号内。
  • Inverted flight is an acrobatic manoeuvre of the plane. 倒飞是飞机的一种特技动作。 来自《简明英汉词典》
22 profess iQHxU     
v.声称,冒称,以...为业,正式接受入教,表明信仰
参考例句:
  • I profess that I was surprised at the news.我承认这消息使我惊讶。
  • What religion does he profess?他信仰哪种宗教?
23 professed 7151fdd4a4d35a0f09eaf7f0f3faf295     
公开声称的,伪称的,已立誓信教的
参考例句:
  • These, at least, were their professed reasons for pulling out of the deal. 至少这些是他们自称退出这宗交易的理由。
  • Her manner professed a gaiety that she did not feel. 她的神态显出一种她并未实际感受到的快乐。
24 apron Lvzzo     
n.围裙;工作裙
参考例句:
  • We were waited on by a pretty girl in a pink apron.招待我们的是一位穿粉红色围裙的漂亮姑娘。
  • She stitched a pocket on the new apron.她在新围裙上缝上一只口袋。
25 misgiving tDbxN     
n.疑虑,担忧,害怕
参考例句:
  • She had some misgivings about what she was about to do.她对自己即将要做的事情存有一些顾虑。
  • The first words of the text filled us with misgiving.正文开头的文字让我们颇为担心。
26 mansion 8BYxn     
n.大厦,大楼;宅第
参考例句:
  • The old mansion was built in 1850.这座古宅建于1850年。
  • The mansion has extensive grounds.这大厦四周的庭园广阔。
27 imposing 8q9zcB     
adj.使人难忘的,壮丽的,堂皇的,雄伟的
参考例句:
  • The fortress is an imposing building.这座城堡是一座宏伟的建筑。
  • He has lost his imposing appearance.他已失去堂堂仪表。
28 chambers c053984cd45eab1984d2c4776373c4fe     
n.房间( chamber的名词复数 );(议会的)议院;卧室;会议厅
参考例句:
  • The body will be removed into one of the cold storage chambers. 尸体将被移到一个冷冻间里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Mr Chambers's readable book concentrates on the middle passage: the time Ransome spent in Russia. Chambers先生的这本值得一看的书重点在中间:Ransome在俄国的那几年。 来自互联网
29 sitting-room sitting-room     
n.(BrE)客厅,起居室
参考例句:
  • The sitting-room is clean.起居室很清洁。
  • Each villa has a separate sitting-room.每栋别墅都有一间独立的起居室。
30 laboriously xpjz8l     
adv.艰苦地;费力地;辛勤地;(文体等)佶屈聱牙地
参考例句:
  • She is tracing laboriously now. 她正在费力地写。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • She is laboriously copying out an old manuscript. 她正在费劲地抄出一份旧的手稿。 来自辞典例句
31 stagnant iGgzj     
adj.不流动的,停滞的,不景气的
参考例句:
  • Due to low investment,industrial output has remained stagnant.由于投资少,工业生产一直停滞不前。
  • Their national economy is stagnant.他们的国家经济停滞不前。
32 mien oDOxl     
n.风采;态度
参考例句:
  • He was a Vietnam veteran with a haunted mien.他是个越战老兵,举止总有些惶然。
  • It was impossible to tell from his mien whether he was offended.从他的神态中难以看出他是否生气了。
33 strut bGWzS     
v.肿胀,鼓起;大摇大摆地走;炫耀;支撑;撑开;n.高视阔步;支柱,撑杆
参考例句:
  • The circulation economy development needs the green science and technology innovation as the strut.循环经济的发展需要绿色科技创新生态化作为支撑。
  • Now we'll strut arm and arm.这会儿咱们可以手挽着手儿,高视阔步地走了。
34 obedience 8vryb     
n.服从,顺从
参考例句:
  • Society has a right to expect obedience of the law.社会有权要求人人遵守法律。
  • Soldiers act in obedience to the orders of their superior officers.士兵们遵照上级军官的命令行动。
35 beaks 66bf69cd5b0e1dfb0c97c1245fc4fbab     
n.鸟嘴( beak的名词复数 );鹰钩嘴;尖鼻子;掌权者
参考例句:
  • Baby cockatoos will have black eyes and soft, almost flexible beaks. 雏鸟凤头鹦鹉黑色的眼睛是柔和的,嘴几乎是灵活的。 来自互联网
  • Squid beaks are often found in the stomachs of sperm whales. 经常能在抹香鲸的胃里发现鱿鱼的嘴。 来自互联网
36 enacting 0485a44fcd2183e9aa15d495a9b31147     
制定(法律),通过(法案)( enact的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Generally these statutes apply only to wastes from reactors outside the enacting state. 总之,这些法令只适宜用在对付那些来自外州的核废料。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
  • In addition, the complexion of enacting standards for live working is described. 另外,介绍了带电作业标准的制订情况。
37 confirmation ZYMya     
n.证实,确认,批准
参考例句:
  • We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
  • We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前,我们需要书面确认。
38 bishop AtNzd     
n.主教,(国际象棋)象
参考例句:
  • He was a bishop who was held in reverence by all.他是一位被大家都尊敬的主教。
  • Two years after his death the bishop was canonised.主教逝世两年后被正式封为圣者。
39 abruptly iINyJ     
adv.突然地,出其不意地
参考例句:
  • He gestured abruptly for Virginia to get in the car.他粗鲁地示意弗吉尼亚上车。
  • I was abruptly notified that a half-hour speech was expected of me.我突然被通知要讲半个小时的话。
40 twitching 97f99ba519862a2bc691c280cee4d4cf     
n.颤搐
参考例句:
  • The child in a spasm kept twitching his arms and legs. 那个害痉挛的孩子四肢不断地抽搐。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • My eyelids keep twitching all the time. 我眼皮老是跳。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
41 tunes 175b0afea09410c65d28e4b62c406c21     
n.曲调,曲子( tune的名词复数 )v.调音( tune的第三人称单数 );调整;(给收音机、电视等)调谐;使协调
参考例句:
  • a potpourri of tunes 乐曲集锦
  • When things get a bit too much, she simply tunes out temporarily. 碰到事情太棘手时,她干脆暂时撒手不管。 来自《简明英汉词典》
42 accomplishment 2Jkyo     
n.完成,成就,(pl.)造诣,技能
参考例句:
  • The series of paintings is quite an accomplishment.这一系列的绘画真是了不起的成就。
  • Money will be crucial to the accomplishment of our objectives.要实现我们的目标,钱是至关重要的。
43 blandly f411bffb7a3b98af8224e543d5078eb9     
adv.温和地,殷勤地
参考例句:
  • There is a class of men in Bristol monstrously prejudiced against Blandly. 布里斯托尔有那么一帮人为此恨透了布兰德利。 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛
  • \"Maybe you could get something in the stage line?\" he blandly suggested. “也许你能在戏剧这一行里找些事做,\"他和蔼地提议道。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
44 creased b26d248c32bce741b8089934810d7e9f     
(使…)起折痕,弄皱( crease的过去式和过去分词 ); (皮肤)皱起,使起皱纹; 皱皱巴巴
参考例句:
  • You've creased my newspaper. 你把我的报纸弄皱了。
  • The bullet merely creased his shoulder. 子弹只不过擦破了他肩部的皮肤。
45 furrows 4df659ff2160099810bd673d8f892c4f     
n.犁沟( furrow的名词复数 );(脸上的)皱纹v.犁田,开沟( furrow的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • I could tell from the deep furrows in her forehead that she was very disturbed by the news. 从她额头深深的皱纹上,我可以看出她听了这个消息非常不安。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Dirt bike trails crisscrossed the grassy furrows. 越野摩托车的轮迹纵横交错地布满条条草沟。 来自辞典例句
46 repugnance oBWz5     
n.嫌恶
参考例句:
  • He fought down a feelings of repugnance.他抑制住了厌恶感。
  • She had a repugnance to the person with whom she spoke.她看不惯这个和她谈话的人。
47 initiation oqSzAI     
n.开始
参考例句:
  • her initiation into the world of marketing 她的初次涉足营销界
  • It was my initiation into the world of high fashion. 这是我初次涉足高级时装界。
48 ascertain WNVyN     
vt.发现,确定,查明,弄清
参考例句:
  • It's difficult to ascertain the coal deposits.煤储量很难探明。
  • We must ascertain the responsibility in light of different situtations.我们必须根据不同情况判定责任。
49 degenerated 41e5137359bcc159984e1d58f1f76d16     
衰退,堕落,退化( degenerate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The march degenerated into a riot. 示威游行变成了暴动。
  • The wide paved road degenerated into a narrow bumpy track. 铺好的宽阔道路渐渐变窄,成了一条崎岖不平的小径。
50 beheld beheld     
v.看,注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 );瞧;看呀;(叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现)哎哟
参考例句:
  • His eyes had never beheld such opulence. 他从未见过这样的财富。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The soul beheld its features in the mirror of the passing moment. 灵魂在逝去的瞬间的镜子中看到了自己的模样。 来自英汉文学 - 红字
51 lodgings f12f6c99e9a4f01e5e08b1197f095e6e     
n. 出租的房舍, 寄宿舍
参考例句:
  • When he reached his lodgings the sun had set. 他到达公寓房间时,太阳已下山了。
  • I'm on the hunt for lodgings. 我正在寻找住所。
52 pouting f5e25f4f5cb47eec0e279bd7732e444b     
v.撅(嘴)( pout的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • The child sat there pouting. 那孩子坐在那儿,一副不高兴的样子。 来自辞典例句
  • She was almost pouting at his hesitation. 她几乎要为他这种犹犹豫豫的态度不高兴了。 来自辞典例句
53 privately IkpzwT     
adv.以私人的身份,悄悄地,私下地
参考例句:
  • Some ministers admit privately that unemployment could continue to rise.一些部长私下承认失业率可能继续升高。
  • The man privately admits that his motive is profits.那人私下承认他的动机是为了牟利。
54 bullies bullies     
n.欺凌弱小者, 开球 vt.恐吓, 威胁, 欺负
参考例句:
  • Standing up to bullies takes plenty of backbone. 勇敢地对付暴徒需有大无畏精神。
  • Bullies can make your life hell. 恃强欺弱者能让你的日子像活地狱。
55 allusion CfnyW     
n.暗示,间接提示
参考例句:
  • He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech.在讲话中他暗示有一项秘密计划。
  • She made no allusion to the incident.她没有提及那个事件。
56 momentary hj3ya     
adj.片刻的,瞬息的;短暂的
参考例句:
  • We are in momentary expectation of the arrival of you.我们无时无刻不在盼望你的到来。
  • I caught a momentary glimpse of them.我瞥了他们一眼。
57 lastingly 8c0953228008835c514cd52e4e76289c     
[医]有残留性,持久地,耐久地
参考例句:
  • At least seven people had been particularly and lastingly helpful to me. 至少有七个人对我有过不同寻常、影响深远的帮助。 来自互联网
  • Due to great attachment to the ecologic environment, eco-tourism must develop lastingly. 摘要生态旅游对生态环境具有非常大的依赖性,必须走可持续发展道路。 来自互联网
58 engender 3miyT     
v.产生,引起
参考例句:
  • A policy like that tends to engender a sense of acceptance,and the research literature suggests this leads to greater innovation.一个能够使员工产生认同感的政策,研究表明这会走向更伟大的创新。
  • The sense of injustice they engender is a threat to economic and political security.它们造成的不公平感是对经济和政治安全的威胁。
59 pliable ZBCyx     
adj.易受影响的;易弯的;柔顺的,易驾驭的
参考例句:
  • Willow twigs are pliable.柳条很软。
  • The finely twined baskets are made with young,pliable spruce roots.这些编织精美的篮子是用柔韧的云杉嫩树根编成的。
60 mere rC1xE     
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
参考例句:
  • That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
  • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
61 dependence 3wsx9     
n.依靠,依赖;信任,信赖;隶属
参考例句:
  • Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
  • He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。
62 onerous 6vCy4     
adj.繁重的
参考例句:
  • My household duties were not particularly onerous.我的家务活并不繁重。
  • This obligation sometimes proves onerous.这一义务有时被证明是艰巨的。
63 regained 51ada49e953b830c8bd8fddd6bcd03aa     
复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 ); 赢回; 重回; 复至某地
参考例句:
  • The majority of the people in the world have regained their liberty. 世界上大多数人已重获自由。
  • She hesitated briefly but quickly regained her poise. 她犹豫片刻,但很快恢复了镇静。
64 attentive pOKyB     
adj.注意的,专心的;关心(别人)的,殷勤的
参考例句:
  • She was very attentive to her guests.她对客人招待得十分周到。
  • The speaker likes to have an attentive audience.演讲者喜欢注意力集中的听众。
65 rustling c6f5c8086fbaf68296f60e8adb292798     
n. 瑟瑟声,沙沙声 adj. 发沙沙声的
参考例句:
  • the sound of the trees rustling in the breeze 树木在微风中发出的沙沙声
  • the soft rustling of leaves 树叶柔和的沙沙声
66 ambush DNPzg     
n.埋伏(地点);伏兵;v.埋伏;伏击
参考例句:
  • Our soldiers lay in ambush in the jungle for the enemy.我方战士埋伏在丛林中等待敌人。
  • Four men led by a sergeant lay in ambush at the crossroads.由一名中士率领的四名士兵埋伏在十字路口。


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