How I found Peace at Musquash on the Monongahela
Prince, blown by many a western breeze
Our vessels1 greet you treasure-laden;
We send them all — but best of these
??A free and frank young Yankee maiden2.
IT is a mean thing and an unhandsome to ‘do’ a continent in five-hundred-mile jumps. But after those swine and bullocks at Chicago I felt that complete change of air would be good. The United States at present hinge in or about Chicago, as a double-leaved screen hinges. To be sure, the tiny New England States call a trip to Pennsylvania ‘going west,’ but the larger-minded citizen seems to reckon his longitude4 from Chicago. Twenty years hence the centre of population — that shaded square on the census5 map — will have shifted, men say, far west of Chicago. Twenty years later it will be on the Pacific slope. Twenty years after that America will begin to crowd up, and there will be some trouble. People will demand manufactured goods for their reduced-establishment households at the cheapest possible rates; and the cry that the land is rich enough to afford protection will cease with a great abruptness6. At present it is the farmer who pays most dearly for the luxury of high prices. In the old days, when the land was fresh and there was plenty of it and it cropped like the Garden of Eden, he did not mind paying. Now there is not so much free land, and the old acres are needing stimulants7, which cost money, and the farmer, who pays for everything, is beginning to ask questions. Also the great American Nation, which individually never shuts a door behind its noble self, very seldom attempts to put back anything that it has taken from Nature’s shelves. It grabs all it can and moves on. But the moving-on is nearly finished and the grabbing must stop, and then the Federal Government will have to establish a Woods and Forests Department the like of which was never seen in the world before. And all the people who have been accustomed to hack8, mangle9, and burn timber as they please will object, with shots and protestations, to this infringement10 of their rights. The nigger will breed bounteously11, and he will have to be reckoned with; and the manufacturer will have to be contented12 with smaller profits, and he will have to be reckoned with; and the railways will no longer rule the countries through which they run, and they will have to be reckoned with. And nobody will approve of it in the least.
Yes; it will be a spectacle for all the world to watch, this big, slashing13 colt of a nation, that has got off with a flying start on a freshly littered course, being pulled back to the ruck by that very mutton-fisted jockey Necessity. There will be excitement in America when a few score millions of ‘sovereigns’ discover that what they consider the outcome of their own Government is but the rapidly diminishing bounty14 of Nature; and that if they want to get on comfortably they must tackle every single problem from labour to finance humbly15, without gasconade, and afresh. But at present they look ‘that all the to-morrows shall be as to-day,’ and if you argue with them they say that the Democratic Idea will keep things going. They believe in that Idea, and the less well-informed fortify16 themselves in their belief by curious assertions as to the despotism that exists in England. This is pure provincialism, of course; but it is very funny to listen to, especially when you compare the theory with the practice (pistol, chiefly) as proven in the newspapers. I have striven to find out where the central authority of the land lies. It isn’t at Washington, because the Federal Government can’t do anything to the States save run the mails and collect a Federal tax or two. It isn’t in the States, because the townships can do as they like; and it isn’t in the townships, because these are bossed by alien voters or rings of patriotic17 home-bred citizens. And it certainly is not in the citizens, because they are governed and coerced18 by a despotic power of public opinion as represented in their papers, preachers, or local society. I found one man who told me that if anything went wrong in this huge congress of kings,— if there was a split or an upheaval19 or a smash,— the people in detail would be subject to the Idea of the sovereign people in mass. This is a survival from the Civil War, when, you remember, the people in a majority did with guns and swords slay20 and wound the people in detail. All the same, the notion seems very much like the worship by the savage21 of the unloaded rifle as it leans against the wall.
But the men and women set Us an example in patriotism22. They believe in their land and its future, and its honour, and its glory, and they are not ashamed to say so. From the largest to the least runs this same proud, passionate23 conviction to which I take off my hat and for which I love them. An average English householder seems to regard his country as an abstraction to supply him with policemen and fire-brigades. The Cockney cad cannot understand what the word means. The bloomin’ toffs he knows, and the law, and the soldiers that supply him with a spectacle in the Parks; but he would laugh in your face at the notion of any duty being owed by himself to his land.1 Pick an American of the second generation anywhere you please — from the cab-rank, the porters’ room, or the plough-tail,—’specially the plough-tail,— and that man will make you understand in five minutes that he understands what manner of thing his Republic is. He might laugh at a law that didn’t suit his convenience, draw your eye-teeth in a bargain, and applaud ’cuteness on the outer verge25 of swindling: but you should hear him stand up and sing:—
My country, ’tis of thee,
Sweet land of liberty,
Of thee I sing!
I have heard a few thousand of them engaged in that employment. I respect him. There is too much Romeo and too little balcony about our National Anthem26. With the American article it is all balcony. There must be born a poet who shall give the English the song of their own, own country — which is to say, of about half the world. Remains27 then only to compose the greatest song of all — The Saga28 of the Anglo-Saxon all round the earth — a p?an that shall combine the terrible slow swing of the Battle Hymn29 of the Republic (which, if you know not, get chanted to you) with Britannia Needs no Bulwarks30, the skirl of the British Grenadiers with that perfect quickstep, Marching through Georgia, and at the end the wail31 of the Dead March. For We, even We who share the earth between us as no gods have ever shared it, we also are mortal in the matter of our single selves. Will any one take the contract?
It was with these rambling32 notions that I arrived at the infinite peace of the tiny township of Musquash, on the Monongahela River. The clang and tumult33 of Chicago belonged to another world. Imagine a rolling, wooded, English landscape, under softest of blue skies, dotted at three-mile intervals34 with fat little, quiet little villages, or aggressive little manufacturing towns that the trees and the folds of the hills mercifully prevented from betraying their presence. The golden-rod blazed in the pastures against the green of the mulleins, and the cows picked their way home through the twisted paths between the blackberry bushes. All summer was on the orchards36, and the apples — such apples as we dream of when we eat the woolly imitations of Kashmir — were ripe and toothsome. It was good to lie in a hammock with half-shut eyes, and, in the utter stillness, to hear the apples dropping from the trees, and the tinkle37 of the cowbells as the cows walked statelily down the main road of the village. Everybody in that restful place seemed to have just as much as he wanted; a house with all comfortable appliances, a big or little verandah wherein to spend the day, a neatly38 shaved garden with a wild wealth of flowers, some cows, and an orchard35. Everybody knew everybody else intimately, and what they did not know, the local daily paper — a daily for a village of twelve hundred people!— supplied. There was a court-house where justice was done, and a gaol39 where some most enviable prisoners lived, and there were four or five churches of four or five denominations40. Also it was impossible to buy openly any liquor in that little paradise. But — and this is a very serious but — you could by procuring41 a medical certificate get strong drinks from the chemist. That is the drawback of prohibition42. It makes a man who wants a drink a shirker and a contriver43, which things are not good for the soul of a man, and presently, ’specially if he be young, causes him to believe that he may just as well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb; and the end of that young man is not pretty. Nothing except a rattling44 fall will persuade an average colt that a fence is not meant to be jumped over; whereas if he be turned out into the open he learns to carry himself with discretion45. One heard a good deal of this same dread46 of drink in Musquash, and even the maidens47 seemed to know too much about its effects upon certain unregenerate youths, who, if they had been once made thoroughly48, effectually, and persistently49 drunk — with a tepid50 brandy and soda51 thrust before their goose-fleshed noses on the terrible Next Morning — would perhaps have seen the futility52 of their ways. It was a sin by village canons to imbibe53 lager, though — experto crede — you can get dropsy on that stuff long before you can get drunk. ‘But what man knows his mind?’ Besides, it is all their own affair.
The little community seemed to be as self-contained as an Indian village. Had the rest of the land sunk under the sea, Musquash would have gone on sending its sons to school in order to make them ‘good citizens,’ which is the constant prayer of the true American father, settling its own roadmaking, local cesses, town-lot arbitrations54, and internal government by ballot55 and vote, with due respect to the voices of the headmen (which is the salvation56 of the ballot), until such time as all should take their places in the cemetery57 appointed for their faith. Here were Americans and no aliens — men ruling themselves by themselves and for themselves and their wives and their children — in peace, order, and decency58.
But what went straightest to this heart, though they did not know it, was that they were Methody folk for the most part — ay, Methody as ever trod a Yorkshire Moor59, or drove on a Sunday to some chapel60 of the Faith in the Dales. The old Methody talk was there, with the discipline whereby the souls of the Just are, sometimes to their intense vexation, made perfect on this earth in order that they may ‘take out their letters and live and die in good standing61.’ If you don’t know the talk, you won’t know what that means. The discipline, or discipline, is no thing to be trifled with, and its working among a congregation depends entirely62 upon the tact63, humanity, and sympathy of the leader who works it. He, knowing what youth’s desires are, can turn the soul in the direction of good, gently, instead of wrenching64 it savagely65 towards the right path only to see it break away quivering and scared. The arm of the Discipline is long. A maiden told me, as a new and strange fact and one that would interest a foreigner, of a friend of hers who had once been admonished66 by some elders somewhere — not in Musquash — for the heinous67 crime of dancing. She, the friend, did not in the least like it. She would not. Can’t you imagine the delightful68 results of a formal wigging69 administered by a youngish and austere70 elder who was not accustomed to make allowances for the natural dancing instincts of the young of the human animal? The hot irons that are held forth71 to scare may also sear, as those who have ever lain under an unfortunate exposition of the old Faith can attest72.
But it was all immensely interesting — the absolutely fresh, wholesome73, sweet life that paid due reverence74 to the things of the next world, but took good care to get enough tennis in the cool of the evening; that concerned itself as honestly and thoroughly with the daily round, the trivial task (and that same task is anything but trivial when you are ‘helped’ by an American ‘help’) as with the salvation of the soul. I had the honour of meeting in the flesh, even as Miss Louisa Alcott drew them, Meg and Joe and Beth and Amy, whom you ought to know. There was no affectation of concealment75 in their lives who had nothing to conceal76. There were many ‘little women’ in that place, because, even as is the case in England, the boys had gone out to seek their fortunes. Some were working in the thundering, clanging cities, others had removed to the infinite West, and others had disappeared in the languid, lazy South; and the maidens waited their return, which is the custom of maidens all over the world. Then the boys would come back in the soft sunlight, attired77 in careful raiment, their tongues cleansed78 of evil words and discourtesy. They had just come to call — bless their carefully groomed79 heads, so they had!— and the maidens in white dresses glimmered80 like ghosts on the stoop and received them according to their merits. Mamma had nothing to do with this, nor papa either, for he was down-town trying to drive reason into the head of a land surveyor; and all along the shaded, lazy, intimate street you heard the garden-gates click and clash, as the mood of the man varied81, and bursts of pleasant laughter where three or four — be sure the white muslins were among them,— discussed a picnic past or a buggy-drive to come. Then the couples went their ways and talked together till the young men had to go at last on account of the trains, and all trooped joyously82 down to the station and thought no harm of it. And, indeed, why should they? From her fifteenth year the American maiden moves among ‘the boys’ as a sister among brothers. They are her servants to take her out riding,— which is driving,— to give her flowers and candy. The last two items are expensive, and this is good for the young man, as teaching him to value friendship that costs a little in cash and may necessitate83 economy on the cigar side. As to the maiden, she is taught to respect herself, that her fate is in her own hands, and that she is the more stringently84 bound by the very measure of the liberty so freely accorded to her. Wherefore, in her own language, ‘she has a lovely time’ with about two or three hundred boys who have sisters of their own, and a very accurate perception that if they were unworthy of their trust a syndicate of other boys would probably pass them into a world where there is neither marrying nor giving in marriage. And so time goes till the maiden knows the other side of the house,— knows that a man is not a demi-god nor a mysteriously veiled monster, but an average, egotistical, vain, gluttonous85, but on the whole companionable, sort of person, to be soothed86, fed and managed — knowledge that does not come to her sister in England till after a few years of matrimony. And then she makes her choice. The Golden Light touches eyes that are full of comprehension; but the light is golden none the less, for she makes just the same sweet, irrational87 choices that an English girl does. With this advantage: she knows a little more, has experience in entertaining, insight into the businesses, employ, and hobbies of men, gathered from countless88 talks with the boys, and talks with the other girls who find time at those mysterious conclaves89 to discuss what Tom, Ted3, Stuke, or Jack90 have been doing. Thus it happens that she is a companion, in the fullest sense of the word, of the man she weds91, zealous92 for the interest of the firm, to be consulted in time of stress and to be called upon for help and sympathy in time of danger. Pleasant it is that one heart should beat for you; but it is better when the head above that heart has been thinking hard on your behalf, and when the lips, that are also very pleasant to kiss, give wise counsel.
When the American maiden — I speak now for the rank and file of that noble army — is once married, why, it is finished. She has had her lovely time. It may have been five, seven, or ten years according to circumstances. She abdicates93 promptly94 with startling speed, and her place knows her no more except as with her husband. The Queen is dead, or looking after the house. This same household work seems to be the thing that ages the American woman. She is infamously95 ‘helped’ by the Irish trollop and the negress alike. It is not fair upon her, because she has to do three parts of the housework herself, and in dry, nerve-straining air the ‘chores’ are a burden. Be thankful, O my people, for Mauz Baksh, Kadir Baksh, and the ayah while they are with you. They are twice as handy as the unkempt slatterns of the furnished apartments to which you will return, Commissioners96 though you be; and five times as clever as the Amelia Araminta Rebellia Secessia Jackson (coloured) under whose ineptitude97 and insolence98 the young American housewife groans99. But all this is far enough from peaceful, placid100 Musquash and its boundless101 cordiality, its simple, genuine hospitality, and its — what’s the French word that, just covers all?— gra — gracieuseness, isn’t it? Oh, be good to an American wherever you meet him. Put him up for the club, and he will hold you listening till three in the morning; give him the best tent, and the grain-fed mutton. I have incurred102 a debt of salt that I can never repay, but do you return it piecemeal103 to any of that Nation, and the account will be on my head till our paths in the world cross again. He drinks iced water just as we do; but he doesn’t quite like our cigars.
And how shall I finish the tale? Would it interest you to learn of the picnics in the hot, still woods that overhang the Monongahela, when those idiotic104 American buggies that can’t turn round got stuck among the brambles and all but capsized; of boating in the blazing sun on the river that but a little time before had cast at the feet of the horrified105 village the corpses106 of the Johnstown tragedy? I saw one, only one, remnant of that terrible wreck107. He had been a minister. House, church, congregation, wife, and children had been swept away from him in one night of terror. He had no employment; he could have employed himself at nothing; but God had been very good to him. He sat in the sun and smiled a little weakly. It was in his poor blurred108 mind that something had happened — he was not sure what it was, but undoubtedly109 something had occurred. One could only pray that the light would never return.
But there be many pictures on my mind. Of a huge manufacturing city of three hundred thousand souls lighted and warmed by natural gas, so that the great valley full of flaming furnaces sent up no smoke wreaths to the clear sky. Of Musquash itself lighted by the same mysterious agency, flares110 of gas eight feet long, roaring day and night at the corners of the grass-grown streets because it wasn’t worth while to turn them out; of fleets of coal-flats being hauled down the river on an interminable journey to St. Louis; of factories nestling in woods where all the axe-handles and shovels111 in the world seemed to be manufactured daily; and last, of that quaint112 forgotten German community, the Brotherhood113 of Perpetual Separation, who founded themselves when the State was yet young and land cheap, and are now dying out because they will neither marry nor give in marriage and their recruits are very few. The advance in the value of land has almost smothered114 these poor old people in a golden affluence115 that they never desired. They live in a little village where the houses are built old Dutch fashion, with their front doors away from the road, and cobbled paths all about. The cloistered116 peace of Musquash is a metropolitan117 riot beside the hush118 of that village. And there is, too, a love-tale tucked away among the flowers. It has taken seventy years in the telling, for the brother and sister loved each other well, but they loved their duty to the Brotherhood more. So they have lived and still do live, seeing each other daily, and separated for all time. Any trouble that might have been is altogether wiped out of their faces, which are as calm as those of very little children. To the uninitiated those constant ones resemble extremely old people in garments of absurd cut. But they love each other, and that seems to bring one back quite naturally to the girls and the boys in Musquash. The boys were nice boys — graduates of Yale of course; you mustn’t mention Harvard here — but none the less skilled in business, in stocks and shares, the boring for oil, and the sale of everything that can be sold by one sinner to another. Skilled, too, in baseball, big-shouldered, with straight eyes and square chins — but not above occasional diversion and mild orgies. They will make good citizens and possess the earth, and eventually wed24 one of the nice white muslin dresses. There are worse things in this world than being ‘one of the boys’ in Musquash.
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vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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maiden
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| n.少女，处女；adj.未婚的，纯洁的，无经验的 | |
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ted
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| vt.翻晒，撒，撒开 | |
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longitude
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| n.经线，经度 | |
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census
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| n.(官方的)人口调查，人口普查 | |
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abruptness
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| n. 突然，唐突 | |
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stimulants
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| n.兴奋剂( stimulant的名词复数 )；含兴奋剂的饮料；刺激物；激励物 | |
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hack
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| n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳 | |
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mangle
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| vt.乱砍，撕裂，破坏，毁损，损坏，轧布 | |
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infringement
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| n.违反；侵权 | |
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bounteously
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| adv.慷慨地，丰富地 | |
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contented
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| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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slashing
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| adj.尖锐的；苛刻的；鲜明的；乱砍的v.挥砍( slash的现在分词 )；鞭打；割破；削减 | |
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bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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humbly
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| adv. 恭顺地，谦卑地 | |
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fortify
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| v.强化防御，为…设防；加强，强化 | |
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patriotic
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| adj.爱国的，有爱国心的 | |
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coerced
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| v.迫使做( coerce的过去式和过去分词 )；强迫；（以武力、惩罚、威胁等手段）控制；支配 | |
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upheaval
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| n.胀起，(地壳)的隆起；剧变，动乱 | |
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slay
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| v.杀死，宰杀，杀戮 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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patriotism
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| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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passionate
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的 | |
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wed
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| v.娶，嫁，与…结婚 | |
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verge
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| n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临 | |
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anthem
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| n.圣歌，赞美诗，颂歌 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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saga
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| n.(尤指中世纪北欧海盗的)故事，英雄传奇 | |
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hymn
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| n.赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌 | |
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bulwarks
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| n.堡垒( bulwark的名词复数 )；保障；支柱；舷墙 | |
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wail
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| vt./vi.大声哀号，恸哭；呼啸，尖啸 | |
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rambling
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| adj.[建]凌乱的，杂乱的 | |
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tumult
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| n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹 | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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orchard
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| n.果园，果园里的全部果树，(美俚)棒球场 | |
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orchards
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| （通常指围起来的）果园( orchard的名词复数 ) | |
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tinkle
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| vi.叮当作响；n.叮当声 | |
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neatly
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| adv.整洁地，干净地，灵巧地，熟练地 | |
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gaol
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| n.(jail)监狱；(不加冠词)监禁；vt.使…坐牢 | |
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denominations
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| n.宗派( denomination的名词复数 )；教派；面额；名称 | |
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procuring
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的现在分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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prohibition
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| n.禁止；禁令，禁律 | |
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contriver
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| 发明者，创制者，筹划者 | |
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rattling
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| adj. 格格作响的, 活泼的, 很好的 adv. 极其, 很, 非常 动词rattle的现在分词 | |
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discretion
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| n.谨慎；随意处理 | |
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dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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maidens
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| 处女( maiden的名词复数 )； 少女； 未婚女子； （板球运动）未得分的一轮投球 | |
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thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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persistently
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| ad.坚持地；固执地 | |
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tepid
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| adj.微温的，温热的，不太热心的 | |
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51
soda
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| n.苏打水；汽水 | |
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52
futility
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| n.无用 | |
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53
imbibe
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| v.喝，饮；吸入，吸收 | |
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54
arbitrations
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| n.仲裁，公断( arbitration的名词复数 ) | |
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ballot
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| n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票 | |
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56
salvation
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| n.（尤指基督）救世，超度，拯救，解困 | |
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57
cemetery
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| n.坟墓，墓地，坟场 | |
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58
decency
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| n.体面，得体，合宜，正派，庄重 | |
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59
moor
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| n.荒野，沼泽；vt.(使)停泊；vi.停泊 | |
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60
chapel
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| n.小教堂，殡仪馆 | |
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61
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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62
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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63
tact
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| n.机敏，圆滑，得体 | |
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64
wrenching
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| n.修截苗根，苗木铲根（铲根时苗木不起土或部分起土）v.（猛力地）扭( wrench的现在分词 )；扭伤；使感到痛苦；使悲痛 | |
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65
savagely
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| adv. 野蛮地，残酷地 | |
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66
admonished
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| v.劝告( admonish的过去式和过去分词 )；训诫；（温和地）责备；轻责 | |
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67
heinous
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| adj.可憎的，十恶不赦的 | |
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68
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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69
wigging
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| n.责备，骂，叱责 | |
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70
austere
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| adj.艰苦的；朴素的，朴实无华的；严峻的 | |
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71
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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attest
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| vt.证明，证实；表明 | |
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73
wholesome
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| adj.适合；卫生的；有益健康的；显示身心健康的 | |
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74
reverence
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| n.敬畏，尊敬，尊严；Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称；v.尊敬，敬畏，崇敬 | |
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75
concealment
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| n.隐藏, 掩盖，隐瞒 | |
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conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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attired
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| adj.穿着整齐的v.使穿上衣服，使穿上盛装( attire的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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78
cleansed
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| 弄干净，清洗( cleanse的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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groomed
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| v.照料或梳洗（马等）( groom的过去式和过去分词 )；使做好准备；训练；（给动物）擦洗 | |
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80
glimmered
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| v.发闪光，发微光( glimmer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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82
joyously
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| ad.快乐地, 高兴地 | |
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83
necessitate
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| v.使成为必要，需要 | |
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84
stringently
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| adv.严格地，严厉地 | |
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85
gluttonous
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| adj.贪吃的，贪婪的 | |
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86
soothed
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| v.安慰( soothe的过去式和过去分词 )；抚慰；使舒服；减轻痛苦 | |
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irrational
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| adj.无理性的，失去理性的 | |
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countless
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| adj.无数的，多得不计其数的 | |
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89
conclaves
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| n.秘密会议，教皇选举会议，红衣主教团( conclave的名词复数 ) | |
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jack
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| n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克 | |
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weds
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| v.嫁，娶，（与…）结婚( wed的第三人称单数 ) | |
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zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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93
abdicates
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| 放弃（职责、权力等）( abdicate的第三人称单数 )； 退位，逊位 | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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infamously
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| 不名誉地 | |
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96
commissioners
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| n.专员( commissioner的名词复数 )；长官；委员；政府部门的长官 | |
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97
ineptitude
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| n.不适当；愚笨，愚昧的言行 | |
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98
insolence
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| n.傲慢；无礼；厚颜；傲慢的态度 | |
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99
groans
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| n.呻吟，叹息( groan的名词复数 )；呻吟般的声音v.呻吟( groan的第三人称单数 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦 | |
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100
placid
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| adj.安静的，平和的 | |
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101
boundless
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| adj.无限的；无边无际的；巨大的 | |
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102
incurred
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| [医]招致的，遭受的； incur的过去式 | |
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103
piecemeal
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| adj.零碎的；n.片，块；adv.逐渐地；v.弄成碎块 | |
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104
idiotic
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| adj.白痴的 | |
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105
horrified
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| a.(表现出)恐惧的 | |
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106
corpses
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| n.死尸，尸体( corpse的名词复数 ) | |
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107
wreck
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| n.失事，遇难；沉船；vt.(船等)失事，遇难 | |
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108
blurred
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| v.（使）变模糊( blur的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）难以区分；模模糊糊；迷离 | |
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109
undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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110
flares
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| n.喇叭裤v.（使）闪耀( flare的第三人称单数 )；（使）（船舷）外倾；（使）鼻孔张大；（使）（衣裙、酒杯等）呈喇叭形展开 | |
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111
shovels
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| n.铲子( shovel的名词复数 )；锹；推土机、挖土机等的)铲；铲形部份v.铲子( shovel的第三人称单数 )；锹；推土机、挖土机等的)铲；铲形部份 | |
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112
quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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113
brotherhood
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| n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊 | |
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114
smothered
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| （使）窒息， （使）透不过气( smother的过去式和过去分词 )； 覆盖； 忍住； 抑制 | |
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115
affluence
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| n.充裕，富足 | |
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116
cloistered
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| adj.隐居的，躲开尘世纷争的v.隐退，使与世隔绝( cloister的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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117
metropolitan
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| adj.大城市的，大都会的 | |
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118
hush
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| int.嘘，别出声；n.沉默，静寂；v.使安静 | |
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