Why it is called Pantagruelion, and of the admirable virtues2 thereof.
By such-like means of attaining3 to a denomination4 — the fabulous5 ways being only from thence excepted, for the Lord forbid that we should make use of any fables6 in this a so veritable history — is this herb called Pantagruelion, for Pantagruel was the inventor thereof. I do not say of the plant itself, but of a certain use which it serves for, exceeding odious7 and hateful to thieves and robbers, unto whom it is more contrarious and hurtful than the strangle-weed and chokefitch is to the flax, the cats-tail to the brakes, the sheave-grass to the mowers of hay, the fitches to the chickney-pease, the darnel to barley8, the hatchet-fitch to the lentil pulse, the antramium to the beans, tares10 to wheat, ivy11 to walls, the water-lily to lecherous12 monks13, the birchen rod to the scholars of the college of Navarre in Paris, colewort to the vine-tree, garlic to the loadstone, onions to the sight, fern-seed to women with child, willow-grain to vicious nuns14, the yew-tree shade to those that sleep under it, wolfsbane to wolves and libbards, and smell of fig-tree to mad bulls, hemlock15 to goslings, purslane to the teeth, or oil to trees. For we have seen many of those rogues17, by virtue1 and right application of this herb, finish their lives short and long, after the manner of Phyllis, Queen of Thracia, of Bonosus, Emperor of Rome, of Amata, King Latinus’s wife, of Iphis, Autolycus, Lycambe, Arachne, Paedra, Leda, Achius, King of Lydia, and many thousands more, who were chiefly angry and vexed18 at this disaster therein, that, without being otherwise sick or evil-disposed in their bodies, by a touch only of the Pantagruelion they came on a sudden to have the passage obstructed19, and their pipes, through which were wont20 to bolt so many jolly sayings and to enter so many luscious21 morsels22, stopped, more cleverly than ever could have done the squinancy.
Others have been heard most woefully to lament23, at the very instant when Atropos was about to cut the thread of their life, that Pantagruel held them by the gorge24. But, well-a-day, it was not Pantagruel; he never was an executioner. It was the Pantagruelion, manufactured and fashioned into an halter; and serving in the place and office of a cravat25. In that, verily, they solecized and spoke26 improperly27, unless you would excuse them by a trope, which alloweth us to posit28 the inventor in the place of the thing invented, as when Ceres is taken for bread, and Bacchus put instead of wine. I swear to you here, by the good and frolic words which are to issue out of that wine-bottle which is a-cooling below in the copper29 vessel30 full of fountain water, that the noble Pantagruel never snatched any man by the throat, unless it was such a one as was altogether careless and neglective of those obviating31 remedies which were preventive of the thirst to come.
It is also termed Pantagruelion by a similitude. For Pantagruel, at the very first minute of his birth, was no less tall than this herb is long whereof I speak unto you, his measure having been then taken the more easy that he was born in the season of the great drought, when they were busiest in the gathering32 of the said herb, to wit, at that time when Icarus’s dog, with his fiery33 bawling34 and barking at the sun, maketh the whole world Troglodytic35, and enforceth people everywhere to hide themselves in dens36 and subterranean37 caves. It is likewise called Pantagruelion because of the notable and singular qualities, virtues, and properties thereof. For as Pantagruel hath been the idea, pattern, prototype, and exemplary of all jovial38 perfection and accomplishment39 — in the truth whereof I believe there is none of you gentlemen drinkers that putteth any question — so in this Pantagruelion have I found so much efficacy and energy, so much completeness and excellency, so much exquisiteness40 and rarity, and so many admirable effects and operations of a transcendent nature, that if worth and virtue thereof had been known when those trees, by the relation of the prophet, made election of a wooden king to rule and govern over them, it without all doubt would have carried away from all the rest the plurality of votes and suffrages41.
Shall I yet say more? If Oxylus, the son of Orius, had begotten42 this plant upon his sister Hamadryas, he had taken more delight in the value and perfection of it alone than in all his eight children, so highly renowned43 by our ablest mythologians that they have sedulously44 recommended their names to the never-failing tuition of an eternal remembrance. The eldest45 child was a daughter, whose name was Vine; the next born was a boy, and his name was Fig-tree; the third was called Walnut-tree; the fourth Oak; the fifth Sorbapple-tree; the sixth Ash; the seventh Poplar, and the last had the name of Elm, who was the greatest surgeon in his time. I shall forbear to tell you how the juice or sap thereof, being poured and distilled46 within the ears, killeth every kind of vermin that by any manner of putrefaction47 cometh to be bred and engendered48 there, and destroyeth also any whatsoever49 other animal that shall have entered in thereat. If, likewise, you put a little of the said juice within a pail or bucket full of water, you shall see the water instantly turn and grow thick therewith as if it were milk-curds, whereof the virtue is so great that the water thus curded is a present remedy for horses subject to the colic, and such as strike at their own flanks. The root thereof well boiled mollifieth the joints50, softeneth the hardness of shrunk-in sinews, is every way comfortable to the nerves, and good against all cramps51 and convulsions, as likewise all cold and knotty52 gouts. If you would speedily heal a burning, whether occasioned by water or fire, apply thereto a little raw Pantagruelion, that is to say, take it so as it cometh out of the ground, without bestowing53 any other preparation or composition upon it; but have a special care to change it for some fresher in lieu thereof as soon as you shall find it waxing dry upon the sore.
Without this herb kitchens would be detested54, the tables of dining-rooms abhorred55, although there were great plenty and variety of most dainty and sumptuous56 dishes of meat set down upon them, and the choicest beds also, how richly soever adorned57 with gold, silver, amber58, ivory, porphyry, and the mixture of most precious metals, would without it yield no delight or pleasure to the reposers in them. Without it millers59 could neither carry wheat, nor any other kind of corn to the mill, nor would they be able to bring back from thence flour, or any other sort of meal whatsoever. Without it, how could the papers and writs60 of lawyers’ clients be brought to the bar? Solemn is the mortar61, lime, or plaster brought to the workhouse without it. Without it, how should the water be got out of a draw-well? In what case would tabellions, notaries62, copists, makers63 of counterpanes, writers, clerks, secretaries, scriveners, and such-like persons be without it? Were it not for it, what would become of the toll-rates and rent-rolls? Would not the noble art of printing perish without it? Whereof could the chassis64 or paper-windows be made? How should the bells be rung? The altars of Isis are adorned therewith, the Pastophorian priests are therewith clad and accoutred, and whole human nature covered and wrapped therein at its first position and production in and into this world. All the lanific trees of Seres, the bumbast and cotton bushes in the territories near the Persian Sea and Gulf65 of Bengala, the Arabian swans, together with the plants of Malta, do not all the them clothe, attire66, and apparel so many persons as this one herb alone. Soldiers are nowadays much better sheltered under it than they were in former times, when they lay in tents covered with skins. It overshadows the theatres and amphitheatres from the heat of a scorching67 sun. It begirdeth and encompasseth forests, chases, parks, copses, and groves68, for the pleasure of hunters. It descendeth into the salt and fresh of both sea and river-waters for the profit of fishers. By it are boots of all sizes, buskins, gamashes, brodkins, gambadoes, shoes, pumps, slippers69, and every cobbled ware70 wrought71 and made steadable for the use of man. By it the butt72 and rover-bows are strung, the crossbows bended, and the slings16 made fixed73. And, as if it were an herb every whit74 as holy as the vervain, and reverenced75 by ghosts, spirits, hobgoblins, fiends, and phantoms76, the bodies of deceased men are never buried without it.
I will proceed yet further. By the means of this fine herb the invisible substances are visibly stopped, arrested, taken, detained, and prisoner-like committed to their receptive gaols77. Heavy and ponderous78 weights are by it heaved, lifted up, turned, veered79, drawn80, carried, and every way moved quickly, nimbly, and easily, to the great profit and emolument81 of humankind. When I perpend with myself these and such-like marvellous effects of this wonderful herb, it seemeth strange unto me how the invention of so useful a practice did escape through so many by-past ages the knowledge of the ancient philosophers, considering the inestimable utility which from thence proceeded, and the immense labour which without it they did undergo in their pristine82 elucubrations. By virtue thereof, through the retention83 of some aerial gusts84, are the huge rambarges, mighty85 galleons86, the large floats, the Chiliander, the Myriander ships launched from their stations and set a-going at the pleasure and arbitrament of their rulers, conders, and steersmen. By the help thereof those remote nations whom nature seemed so unwilling87 to have discovered to us, and so desirous to have kept them still in abscondito and hidden from us, that the ways through which their countries were to be reached unto were not only totally unknown, but judged also to be altogether impermeable88 and inaccessible89, are now arrived to us, and we to them.
Those voyages outreached flights of birds and far surpassed the scope of feathered fowls90, how swift soever they had been on the wing, and notwithstanding that advantage which they have of us in swimming through the air. Taproban hath seen the heaths of Lapland, and both the Javas and Riphaean mountains; wide distant Phebol shall see Theleme, and the Islanders drink of the flood Euphrates. By it the chill-mouthed Boreas hath surveyed the parched91 mansions92 of the torrid Auster, and Eurus visited the regions which Zephyrus hath under his command; yea, in such sort have interviews been made by the assistance of this sacred herb, that, maugre longitudes93 and latitudes94, and all the variations of the zones, the Periaecian people, and Antoecian, Amphiscian, Heteroscian, and Periscian had oft rendered and received mutual95 visits to and from other, upon all the climates. These strange exploits bred such astonishment96 to the celestial97 intelligences, to all the marine98 and terrestrial gods, that they were on a sudden all afraid. From which amazement99, when they saw how, by means of this blest Pantagruelion, the Arctic people looked upon the Antarctic, scoured100 the Atlantic Ocean, passed the tropics, pushed through the torrid zone, measured all the zodiac, sported under the equinoctial, having both poles level with their horizon, they judged it high time to call a council for their own safety and preservation101.
The Olympic gods, being all and each of them affrighted at the sight of such achievements, said: Pantagruel hath shapen work enough for us, and put us more to a plunge102 and nearer our wits’ end by this sole herb of his than did of old the Aloidae by overturning mountains. He very speedily is to be married, and shall have many children by his wife. It lies not in our power to oppose this destiny; for it hath passed through the hands and spindles of the Fatal Sisters, necessity’s inexorable daughters. Who knows but by his sons may be found out an herb of such another virtue and prodigious103 energy, as that by the aid thereof, in using it aright according to their father’s skill, they may contrive104 a way for humankind to pierce into the high aerian clouds, get up unto the springhead of the hail, take an inspection105 of the snowy sources, and shut and open as they please the sluices106 from whence proceed the floodgates of the rain; then, prosecuting107 their aethereal voyage, they may step in unto the lightning workhouse and shop, where all the thunderbolts are forged, where, seizing on the magazine of heaven and storehouse of our warlike fire-munition, they may discharge a bouncing peal108 or two of thundering ordnance109 for joy of their arrival to these new supernal110 places, and, charging those tonitrual guns afresh, turn the whole force of that artillery111 against ourselves wherein we most confided112. Then is it like they will set forward to invade the territories of the Moon, whence, passing through both Mercury and Venus, the Sun will serve them for a torch, to show the way from Mars to Jupiter and Saturn113. We shall not then be able to resist the impetuosity of their intrusion, nor put a stoppage to their entering in at all, whatever regions, domiciles, or mansions of the spangled firmament114 they shall have any mind to see, to stay in, to travel through for their recreation. All the celestial signs together, with the constellations115 of the fixed stars, will jointly116 be at their devotion then. Some will take up their lodging117 at the Ram9, some at the Bull, and others at the Twins; some at the Crab118, some at the Lion Inn, and others at the sign of the Virgin119; some at the Balance, others at the Scorpion120, and others will be quartered at the Archer121; some will be harboured at the Goat, some at the Water-pourer’s sign, some at the Fishes; some will lie at the Crown, some at the Harp122, some at the Golden Eagle and the Dolphin; some at the Flying Horse, some at the Ship, some at the great, some at the little Bear; and so throughout the glistening123 hostelries of the whole twinkling asteristic welkin. There will be sojourners come from the earth, who, longing124 after the taste of the sweet cream, of their own skimming off, from the best milk of all the dairy of the Galaxy125, will set themselves at table down with us, drink of our nectar and ambrosia126, and take to their own beds at night for wives and concubines our fairest goddesses, the only means whereby they can be deified. A junto127 hereupon being convocated, the better to consult upon the manner of obviating a so dreadful danger, Jove, sitting in his presidential throne, asked the votes of all the other gods, which, after a profound deliberation amongst themselves on all contingencies128, they freely gave at last, and then resolved unanimously to withstand the shocks of all whatsoever sublunary assaults.
收听单词发音 |
1
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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attaining
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的现在分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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denomination
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| n.命名，取名，(度量衡、货币等的)单位 | |
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fabulous
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| adj.极好的；极为巨大的；寓言中的，传说中的 | |
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fables
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| n.寓言( fable的名词复数 )；神话，传说 | |
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odious
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| adj.可憎的，讨厌的 | |
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barley
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| n.大麦，大麦粒 | |
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ram
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| (random access memory)随机存取存储器 | |
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tares
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| 荑；稂莠；稗 | |
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ivy
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| n.常青藤，常春藤 | |
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lecherous
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| adj.好色的；淫邪的 | |
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monks
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| n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 ) | |
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nuns
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| n.（通常指基督教的）修女， （佛教的）尼姑( nun的名词复数 ) | |
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hemlock
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| n.毒胡萝卜，铁杉 | |
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slings
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| 抛( sling的第三人称单数 )； 吊挂； 遣送； 押往 | |
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rogues
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| n.流氓( rogue的名词复数 )；无赖；调皮捣蛋的人；离群的野兽 | |
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vexed
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| adj.争论不休的；（指问题等）棘手的；争论不休的问题；烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论 | |
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obstructed
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| 阻塞( obstruct的过去式和过去分词 )； 堵塞； 阻碍； 阻止 | |
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wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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luscious
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| adj.美味的；芬芳的；肉感的，引与性欲的 | |
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morsels
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| n.一口( morsel的名词复数 )；（尤指食物）小块，碎屑 | |
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lament
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| n.悲叹，悔恨，恸哭；v.哀悼，悔恨，悲叹 | |
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gorge
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| n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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cravat
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| n.领巾，领结；v.使穿有领结的服装，使结领结 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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improperly
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| 不正确地，不适当地 | |
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posit
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| v.假定，认为 | |
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copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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obviating
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| v.避免，消除（贫困、不方便等）( obviate的现在分词 ) | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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fiery
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| adj.燃烧着的，火红的；暴躁的；激烈的 | |
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bawling
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| v.大叫，大喊( bawl的现在分词 )；放声大哭；大声叫出；叫卖（货物） | |
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troglodytic
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| [昆] 全土栖的 | |
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dens
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| n.牙齿，齿状部分；兽窝( den的名词复数 )；窝点；休息室；书斋 | |
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subterranean
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| adj.地下的，地表下的 | |
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jovial
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| adj.快乐的，好交际的 | |
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accomplishment
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| n.完成，成就，（pl.）造诣，技能 | |
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exquisiteness
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suffrages
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| （政治性选举的）选举权，投票权( suffrage的名词复数 ) | |
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42
begotten
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| v.为…之生父( beget的过去分词 )；产生，引起 | |
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renowned
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| adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的 | |
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sedulously
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| ad.孜孜不倦地 | |
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eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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46
distilled
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| adj.由蒸馏得来的v.蒸馏( distil的过去式和过去分词 )；从…提取精华 | |
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putrefaction
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| n.腐坏，腐败 | |
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48
engendered
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| v.产生（某形势或状况），造成，引起( engender的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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49
whatsoever
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| adv.（用于否定句中以加强语气）任何；pron.无论什么 | |
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50
joints
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| 接头( joint的名词复数 )； 关节； 公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所） （非正式）； 一块烤肉 （英式英语） | |
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51
cramps
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| n. 抽筋, 腹部绞痛, 铁箍 adj. 狭窄的, 难解的 v. 使...抽筋, 以铁箍扣紧, 束缚 | |
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knotty
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| adj.有结的，多节的，多瘤的，棘手的 | |
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bestowing
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| 砖窑中砖堆上层已烧透的砖 | |
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54
detested
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| v.憎恶，嫌恶，痛恨( detest的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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abhorred
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| v.憎恶( abhor的过去式和过去分词 )；（厌恶地）回避；拒绝；淘汰 | |
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sumptuous
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| adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的 | |
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adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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amber
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| n.琥珀；琥珀色；adj.琥珀制的 | |
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millers
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| n.（尤指面粉厂的）厂主( miller的名词复数 )；磨房主；碾磨工；铣工 | |
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writs
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| n.书面命令，令状( writ的名词复数 ) | |
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mortar
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| n.灰浆，灰泥；迫击炮；v.把…用灰浆涂接合 | |
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notaries
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| n.公证人，公证员( notary的名词复数 ) | |
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makers
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| n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式） | |
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chassis
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| n.汽车等之底盘；（飞机的）起落架；炮底架 | |
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gulf
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| n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂 | |
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66
attire
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| v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装 | |
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67
scorching
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| adj. 灼热的 | |
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68
groves
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| 树丛，小树林( grove的名词复数 ) | |
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69
slippers
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| n. 拖鞋 | |
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70
ware
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| n.(常用复数)商品，货物 | |
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71
wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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72
butt
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| n.笑柄；烟蒂；枪托；臀部；v.用头撞或顶 | |
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73
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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74
whit
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| n.一点，丝毫 | |
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75
reverenced
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| v.尊敬，崇敬( reverence的过去式和过去分词 )；敬礼 | |
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76
phantoms
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| n.鬼怪，幽灵( phantom的名词复数 ) | |
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77
gaols
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| 监狱，拘留所( gaol的名词复数 ) | |
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78
ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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79
veered
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| v.（尤指交通工具）改变方向或路线( veer的过去式和过去分词 )；（指谈话内容、人的行为或观点）突然改变；（指风） （在北半球按顺时针方向、在南半球按逆时针方向）逐渐转向；风向顺时针转 | |
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80
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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81
emolument
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| n.报酬，薪水 | |
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82
pristine
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| adj.原来的，古时的，原始的，纯净的，无垢的 | |
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83
retention
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| n.保留，保持，保持力，记忆力 | |
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84
gusts
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| 一阵强风( gust的名词复数 )； （怒、笑等的）爆发； （感情的）迸发； 发作 | |
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85
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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86
galleons
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| n.大型帆船( galleon的名词复数 ) | |
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87
unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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88
impermeable
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| adj.不能透过的，不渗透的 | |
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89
inaccessible
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| adj.达不到的，难接近的 | |
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90
fowls
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| 鸟( fowl的名词复数 )； 禽肉； 既不是这； 非驴非马 | |
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91
parched
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| adj.焦干的；极渴的；v.（使）焦干 | |
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92
mansions
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| n.宅第，公馆，大厦( mansion的名词复数 ) | |
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93
longitudes
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| 经度 | |
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latitudes
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| 纬度 | |
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95
mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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celestial
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| adj.天体的；天上的 | |
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98
marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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100
scoured
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| 走遍（某地）搜寻（人或物）( scour的过去式和过去分词 )； （用力）刷； 擦净； 擦亮 | |
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101
preservation
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| n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持 | |
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102
plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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103
prodigious
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| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
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104
contrive
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| vt.谋划，策划；设法做到；设计，想出 | |
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inspection
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| n.检查，审查，检阅 | |
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106
sluices
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| n.水闸( sluice的名词复数 )；（用水闸控制的）水；有闸人工水道；漂洗处v.冲洗( sluice的第三人称单数 )；（指水）喷涌而出；漂净；给…安装水闸 | |
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107
prosecuting
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| 检举、告发某人( prosecute的现在分词 )； 对某人提起公诉； 继续从事（某事物）； 担任控方律师 | |
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108
peal
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| n.钟声；v.鸣响 | |
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109
ordnance
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| n.大炮，军械 | |
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110
supernal
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| adj.天堂的，天上的；崇高的 | |
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111
artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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112
confided
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| v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的过去式和过去分词 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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113
Saturn
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| n.农神，土星 | |
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114
firmament
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| n.苍穹；最高层 | |
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115
constellations
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| n.星座( constellation的名词复数 )；一群杰出人物；一系列（相关的想法、事物）；一群（相关的人） | |
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116
jointly
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| ad.联合地，共同地 | |
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117
lodging
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| n.寄宿，住所；(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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118
crab
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| n.螃蟹，偏航，脾气乖戾的人，酸苹果；vi.捕蟹，偏航，发牢骚；vt.使偏航，发脾气 | |
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119
virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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120
scorpion
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| n.蝎子，心黑的人，蝎子鞭 | |
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121
archer
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| n.射手，弓箭手 | |
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122
harp
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| n.竖琴；天琴座 | |
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123
glistening
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| adj.闪耀的，反光的v.湿物闪耀，闪亮( glisten的现在分词 ) | |
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124
longing
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| n.（for）渴望 | |
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125
galaxy
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| n.星系；银河系；一群(杰出或著名的人物) | |
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126
ambrosia
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| n.神的食物；蜂食 | |
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127
junto
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| n.秘密结社；私党 | |
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128
contingencies
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| n.偶然发生的事故，意外事故( contingency的名词复数 )；以备万一 | |
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