A dissertation1 concerning high people and low people, with Mrs Slipslop’s departure in no very good temper of mind, and the evil plight2 in which she left Adams and his company.
It will doubtless seem extremely odd to many readers, that Mrs Slipslop, who had lived several years in the same house with Fanny, should, in a short separation, utterly3 forget her. And indeed the truth is, that she remembered her very well. As we would not willingly, therefore, that anything should appear unnatural4 in this our history, we will endeavour to explain the reasons of her conduct; nor do we doubt being able to satisfy the most curious reader that Mrs Slipslop did not in the least deviate5 from the common road in this behaviour; and, indeed, had she done otherwise, she must have descended6 below herself, and would have very justly been liable to censure7.
Be it known then, that the human species are divided into two sorts of people, to wit, high people and low people. As by high people I would not be understood to mean persons literally8 born higher in their dimensions than the rest of the species, nor metaphorically9 those of exalted10 characters or abilities; so by low people I cannot be construed12 to intend the reverse. High people signify no other than people of fashion, and low people those of no fashion. Now, this word fashion hath by long use lost its original meaning, from which at present it gives us a very different idea; for I am deceived if by persons of fashion we do not generally include a conception of birth and accomplishments13 superior to the herd14 of mankind; whereas, in reality, nothing more was originally meant by a person of fashion than a person who drest himself in the fashion of the times; and the word really and truly signifies no more at this day. Now, the world being thus divided into people of fashion and people of no fashion, a fierce contention15 arose between them; nor would those of one party, to avoid suspicion, be seen publicly to speak to those of the other, though they often held a very good correspondence in private. In this contention it is difficult to say which party succeeded; for, whilst the people of fashion seized several places to their own use, such as courts, assemblies, operas, balls, &c., the people of no fashion, besides one royal place, called his Majesty’s Bear-garden, have been in constant possession of all hops16, fairs, revels17, &c. Two places have been agreed to be divided between them, namely, the church and the playhouse, where they segregate18 themselves from each other in a remarkable19 manner; for, as the people of fashion exalt11 themselves at church over the heads of the people of no fashion, so in the playhouse they abase20 themselves in the same degree under their feet. This distinction I have never met with any one able to account for: it is sufficient that, so far from looking on each other as brethren in the Christian21 language, they seem scarce to regard each other as of the same species. This, the terms “strange persons, people one does not know, the creature, wretches22, beasts, brutes,” and many other appellations24 evidently demonstrate; which Mrs Slipslop, having often heard her mistress use, thought she had also a right to use in her turn; and perhaps she was not mistaken; for these two parties, especially those bordering nearly on each other, to wit, the lowest of the high, and the highest of the low, often change their parties according to place and time; for those who are people of fashion in one place are often people of no fashion in another. And with regard to time, it may not be unpleasant to survey the picture of dependance like a kind of ladder; as, for instance; early in the morning arises the postillion, or some other boy, which great families, no more than great ships, are without, and falls to brushing the clothes and cleaning the shoes of John the footman; who, being drest himself, applies his hands to the same labours for Mr Second-hand25, the squire26’s gentleman; the gentleman in the like manner, a little later in the day, attends the squire; the squire is no sooner equipped than he attends the levee of my lord; which is no sooner over than my lord himself is seen at the levee of the favourite, who, after the hour of homage27 is at an end, appears himself to pay homage to the levee of his sovereign. Nor is there, perhaps, in this whole ladder of dependance, any one step at a greater distance from the other than the first from the second; so that to a philosopher the question might only seem, whether you would chuse to be a great man at six in the morning, or at two in the afternoon. And yet there are scarce two of these who do not think the least familiarity with the persons below them a condescension28, and, if they were to go one step farther, a degradation29.
And now, reader, I hope thou wilt30 pardon this long digression, which seemed to me necessary to vindicate31 the great character of Mrs Slipslop from what low people, who have never seen high people, might think an absurdity32; but we who know them must have daily found very high persons know us in one place and not in another, today and not tomorrow; all which it is difficult to account for otherwise than I have here endeavoured; and perhaps, if the gods, according to the opinion of some, made men only to laugh at them, there is no part of our behaviour which answers the end of our creation better than this.
But to return to our history: Adams, who knew no more of this than the cat which sat on the table, imagining Mrs Slipslop’s memory had been much worse than it really was, followed her into the next room, crying out, “Madam Slipslop, here is one of your old acquaintance; do but see what a fine woman she is grown since she left Lady Booby’s service.” — “I think I reflect something of her,” answered she, with great dignity, “but I can’t remember all the inferior servants in our family.” She then proceeded to satisfy Adams’s curiosity, by telling him, “When she arrived at the inn, she found a chaise ready for her; that, her lady being expected very shortly in the country, she was obliged to make the utmost haste; and, in commensuration of Joseph’s lameness33, she had taken him with her;” and lastly, “that the excessive virulence34 of the storm had driven them into the house where he found them.” After which, she acquainted Adams with his having left his horse, and exprest some wonder at his having strayed so far out of his way, and at meeting him, as she said, “in the company of that wench, who she feared was no better than she should be.”
The horse was no sooner put into Adams’s head but he was immediately driven out by this reflection on the character of Fanny. He protested, “He believed there was not a chaster damsel in the universe. I heartily35 wish, I heartily wish,” cried he (snapping his fingers), “that all her betters were as good.” He then proceeded to inform her of the accident of their meeting; but when he came to mention the circumstance of delivering her from the rape36, she said, “She thought him properer for the army than the clergy37; that it did not become a clergyman to lay violent hands on any one; that he should have rather prayed that she might be strengthened.” Adams said, “He was very far from being ashamed of what he had done:” she replied, “Want of shame was not the currycuristic of a clergyman.” This dialogue might have probably grown warmer, had not Joseph opportunely38 entered the room, to ask leave of Madam Slipslop to introduce Fanny: but she positively39 refused to admit any such trollops, and told him, “She would have been burnt before she would have suffered him to get into a chaise with her, if she had once respected him of having his sluts waylaid40 on the road for him;” adding, “that Mr Adams acted a very pretty part, and she did not doubt but to see him a bishop41.” He made the best bow he could, and cried out, “I thank you, madam, for that right-reverend appellation23, which I shall take all honest means to deserve.”-“Very honest means,” returned she, with a sneer42, “to bring people together.” At these words Adams took two or three strides across the room, when the coachman came to inform Mrs Slipslop, “That the storm was over, and the moon shone very bright.” She then sent for Joseph, who was sitting without with his Fanny, and would have had him gone with her; but he peremptorily43 refused to leave Fanny behind, which threw the good woman into a violent rage. She said, “She would inform her lady what doings were carrying on, and did not doubt but she would rid the parish of all such people;” and concluded a long speech, full of bitterness and very hard words, with some reflections on the clergy not decent to repeat; at last, finding Joseph unmoveable, she flung herself into the chaise, casting a look at Fanny as she went, not unlike that which Cleopatra gives Octavia in the play. To say the truth, she was most disagreeably disappointed by the presence of Fanny: she had, from her first seeing Joseph at the inn, conceived hopes of something which might have been accomplished44 at an alehouse as well as a palace. Indeed, it is probable Mr Adams had rescued more than Fanny from the clanger of a rape that evening.
When the chaise had carried off the enraged45 Slipslop, Adams, Joseph, and Fanny assembled over the fire, where they had a great deal of innocent chat, pretty enough; but, as possibly it would not be very entertaining to the reader, we shall hasten to the morning; only observing that none of them went to bed that night. Adams, when he had smoaked three pipes, took a comfortable nap in a great chair, and left the lovers, whose eyes were too well employed to permit any desire of shutting them, to enjoy by themselves, during some hours, an happiness which none of my readers who have never been in love are capable of the least conception of, though we had as many tongues as Homer desired, to describe it with, and which all true lovers will represent to their own minds without the least assistance from us.
Let it suffice then to say, that Fanny, after a thousand entreaties46, at last gave up her whole soul to Joseph; and, almost fainting in his arms, with a sigh infinitely47 softer and sweeter too than any Arabian breeze, she whispered to his lips, which were then close to hers, “O Joseph, you have won me: I will be yours for ever.” Joseph, having thanked her on his knees, and embraced her with an eagerness which she now almost returned, leapt up in a rapture48, and awakened49 the parson, earnestly begging him “that he would that instant join their hands together.” Adams rebuked50 him for his request, and told him “He would by no means consent to anything contrary to the forms of the Church; that he had no licence, nor indeed would he advise him to obtain one; that the Church had prescribed a form — namely, the publication of banns — with which all good Christians51 ought to comply, and to the omission52 of which he attributed the many miseries53 which befell great folks in marriage;” concluding, “As many as are joined together otherwise than G— ‘s word doth allow are not joined together by G—, neither is their matrimony lawful54.” Fanny agreed with the parson, saying to Joseph, with a blush, “She assured him she would not consent to any such thing, and that she wondered at his offering it.” In which resolution she was comforted and commended by Adams; and Joseph was obliged to wait patiently till after the third publication of the banns, which, however, he obtained the consent of Fanny, in the presence of Adams, to put in at their arrival.
The sun had been now risen some hours, when Joseph, finding his leg surprizingly recovered, proposed to walk forwards; but when they were all ready to set out, an accident a little retarded55 them. This was no other than the reckoning, which amounted to seven shillings; no great sum if we consider the immense quantity of ale which Mr Adams poured in. Indeed, they had no objection to the reasonableness of the bill, but many to the probability of paying it; for the fellow who had taken poor Fanny’s purse had unluckily forgot to return it. So that the account stood thus:—
￡ S D
Mr Adams and company, Dr. 0 7 0
In Mr Adams's pocket 0 0 6 1/2
In Mr Joseph's 0 0 0
In Mrs Fanny's 0 0 0
Balance 0 6 5 1/2
They stood silent some few minutes, staring at each other, when Adams whipt out on his toes, and asked the hostess, “If there was no clergyman in that parish?” She answered, “There was.” — “Is he wealthy?” replied he; to which she likewise answered in the affirmative. Adams then snapping his fingers returned overjoyed to his companions, crying out, “Heureka, Heureka;” which not being understood, he told them in plain English, “They need give themselves no trouble, for he had a brother in the parish who would defray the reckoning, and that he would just step to his house and fetch the money, and return to them instantly.”
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dissertation
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| n.（博士学位）论文，学术演讲，专题论文 | |
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plight
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| n.困境，境况，誓约，艰难；vt.宣誓，保证，约定 | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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unnatural
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| adj.不自然的；反常的 | |
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deviate
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| v.(from)背离，偏离 | |
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descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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censure
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| v./n.责备；非难；责难 | |
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literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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metaphorically
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| adv. 用比喻地 | |
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exalted
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| adj.(地位等)高的，崇高的；尊贵的，高尚的 | |
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exalt
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| v.赞扬，歌颂，晋升，提升 | |
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construed
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| v.解释（陈述、行为等）( construe的过去式和过去分词 )；翻译，作句法分析 | |
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accomplishments
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| n.造诣；完成( accomplishment的名词复数 )；技能；成绩；成就 | |
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herd
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| n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起 | |
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contention
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| n.争论，争辩，论战；论点，主张 | |
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hops
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| 跳上[下]( hop的第三人称单数 )； 单足蹦跳； 齐足（或双足）跳行； 摘葎草花 | |
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revels
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| n.作乐( revel的名词复数 )；狂欢；着迷；陶醉v.作乐( revel的第三人称单数 )；狂欢；着迷；陶醉 | |
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segregate
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| adj.分离的，被隔离的；vt.使分离，使隔离 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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abase
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| v.降低，贬抑 | |
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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wretches
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| n.不幸的人( wretch的名词复数 )；可怜的人；恶棍；坏蛋 | |
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appellation
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| n.名称，称呼 | |
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appellations
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| n.名称，称号( appellation的名词复数 ) | |
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second-hand
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| adj.用过的，旧的，二手的 | |
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squire
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| n.护卫, 侍从, 乡绅 | |
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homage
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| n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬 | |
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condescension
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| n.自以为高人一等，贬低(别人) | |
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degradation
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| n.降级；低落；退化；陵削；降解；衰变 | |
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wilt
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| v.(使)植物凋谢或枯萎；(指人)疲倦，衰弱 | |
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vindicate
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| v.为…辩护或辩解，辩明；证明…正确 | |
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absurdity
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| n.荒谬，愚蠢；谬论 | |
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lameness
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| n. 跛, 瘸, 残废 | |
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virulence
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| n.毒力，毒性；病毒性；致病力 | |
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heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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rape
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| n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸 | |
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clergy
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| n.[总称]牧师，神职人员 | |
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opportunely
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| adv.恰好地，适时地 | |
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positively
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| adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实 | |
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waylaid
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| v.拦截，拦路( waylay的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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bishop
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| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
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sneer
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| v.轻蔑；嘲笑；n.嘲笑，讥讽的言语 | |
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peremptorily
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| adv.紧急地，不容分说地，专横地 | |
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accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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enraged
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| 使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 )； 歜； 激愤 | |
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entreaties
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| n.恳求，乞求( entreaty的名词复数 ) | |
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infinitely
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| adv.无限地，无穷地 | |
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rapture
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| n.狂喜；全神贯注；着迷；v.使狂喜 | |
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awakened
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| v.（使）醒( awaken的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）觉醒；弄醒；（使）意识到 | |
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rebuked
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| 责难或指责( rebuke的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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Christians
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| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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52
omission
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| n.省略，删节；遗漏或省略的事物，冗长 | |
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miseries
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| n.痛苦( misery的名词复数 )；痛苦的事；穷困；常发牢骚的人 | |
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lawful
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| adj.法律许可的，守法的，合法的 | |
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retarded
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| a.智力迟钝的，智力发育迟缓的 | |
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