What had happened? Whence the cause of this singular intoxication1, the consequences of which might have been very disastrous2? A simple blunder of Michel’s, which, fortunately, Nicholl was able to correct in time.
After a perfect swoon, which lasted some minutes, the captain, recovering first, soon collected his scattered3 senses. Although he had breakfasted only two hours before, he felt a gnawing4 hunger, as if he had not eaten anything for several days. Everything about him, stomach and brain, were overexcited to the highest degree. He got up and demanded from Michel a supplementary5 repast. Michel, utterly6 done up, did not answer.
Nicholl then tried to prepare some tea destined7 to help the absorption of a dozen sandwiches. He first tried to get some fire, and struck a match sharply. What was his surprise to see the sulphur shine with so extraordinary a brilliancy as to be almost unbearable8 to the eye. From the gas-burner which he lit rose a flame equal to a jet of electric light.
A revelation dawned on Nicholl’s mind. That intensity9 of light, the physiological10 troubles which had arisen in him, the overexcitement of all his moral and quarrelsome faculties11 — he understood all.
“The oxygen!” he exclaimed.
And leaning over the air apparatus12, he saw that the tap was allowing the colorless gas to escape freely, life-giving, but in its pure state producing the gravest disorders13 in the system. Michel had blunderingly opened the tap of the apparatus to the full.
Nicholl hastened to stop the escape of oxygen with which the atmosphere was saturated14, which would have been the death of the travelers, not by suffocation15, but by combustion16. An hour later, the air less charged with it restored the lungs to their normal condition. By degrees the three friends recovered from their intoxication; but they were obliged to sleep themselves sober over their oxygen as a drunkard does over his wine.
When Michel learned his share of the responsibility of this incident, he was not much disconcerted. This unexpected drunkenness broke the monotony of the journey. Many foolish things had been said while under its influence, but also quickly forgotten.
“And then,” added the merry Frenchman, “I am not sorry to have tasted a little of this heady gas. Do you know, my friends, that a curious establishment might be founded with rooms of oxygen, where people whose system is weakened could for a few hours live a more active life. Fancy parties where the room was saturated with this heroic fluid, theaters where it should be kept at high pressure; what passion in the souls of the actors and spectators! what fire, what enthusiasm! And if, instead of an assembly only a whole people could be saturated, what activity in its functions, what a supplement to life it would derive17. From an exhausted18 nation they might make a great and strong one, and I know more than one state in old Europe which ought to put itself under the regime of oxygen for the sake of its health!”
Michel spoke19 with so much animation20 that one might have fancied that the tap was still too open. But a few words from Barbicane soon shattered his enthusiasm.
“That is all very well, friend Michel,” said he, “but will you inform us where these chickens came from which have mixed themselves up in our concert?”
“Those chickens?”
“Yes.”
Indeed, half a dozen chickens and a fine cock were walking about, flapping their wings and chattering21.
“Ah, the awkward things!” exclaimed Michel. “The oxygen has made them revolt.”
“But what do you want to do with these chickens?” asked Barbicane.
“To acclimatize them in the moon, by Jove!”
“Then why did you hide them?”
“A joke, my worthy22 president, a simple joke, which has proved a miserable23 failure. I wanted to set them free on the lunar continent, without saying anything. Oh, what would have been your amazement24 on seeing these earthly-winged animals pecking in your lunar fields!”
“You rascal25, you unmitigated rascal,” replied Barbicane, “you do not want oxygen to mount to the head. You are always what we were under the influence of the gas; you are always foolish!”
“Ah, who says that we were not wise then?” replied Michel Ardan.
After this philosophical26 reflection, the three friends set about restoring the order of the projectile27. Chickens and cock were reinstated in their coop. But while proceeding28 with this operation, Barbicane and his two companions had a most desired perception of a new phenomenon. From the moment of leaving the earth, their own weight, that of the projectile, and the objects it enclosed, had been subject to an increasing diminution29. If they could not prove this loss of the projectile, a moment would arrive when it would be sensibly felt upon themselves and the utensils30 and instruments they used.
It is needless to say that a scale would not show this loss; for the weight destined to weight the object would have lost exactly as much as the object itself; but a spring steelyard for example, the tension of which was independent of the attraction, would have given a just estimate of this loss.
We know that the attraction, otherwise called the weight, is in proportion to the densities31 of the bodies, and inversely33 as the squares of the distances. Hence this effect: If the earth had been alone in space, if the other celestial34 bodies had been suddenly annihilated35, the projectile, according to Newton’s laws, would weigh less as it got farther from the earth, but without ever losing its weight entirely36, for the terrestrial attraction would always have made itself felt, at whatever distance.
But, in reality, a time must come when the projectile would no longer be subject to the law of weight, after allowing for the other celestial bodies whose effect could not be set down as zero. Indeed, the projectile’s course was being traced between the earth and the moon. As it distanced the earth, the terrestrial attraction diminished: but the lunar attraction rose in proportion. There must come a point where these two attractions would neutralize37 each other: the projectile would possess weight no longer. If the moon’s and the earth’s densities had been equal, this point would have been at an equal distance between the two orbs38. But taking the different densities into consideration, it was easy to reckon that this point would be situated40 at 4760ths of the whole journey, i.e., at 78,514 leagues from the earth. At this point, a body having no principle of speed or displacement41 in itself, would remain immovable forever, being attracted equally by both orbs, and not being drawn42 more toward one than toward the other.
Now if the projectile’s impulsive43 force had been correctly calculated, it would attain44 this point without speed, having lost all trace of weight, as well as all the objects within it. What would happen then? Three hypotheses presented themselves.
1. Either it would retain a certain amount of motion, and pass the point of equal attraction, and fall upon the moon by virtue45 of the excess of the lunar attraction over the terrestrial.
2. Or, its speed failing, and unable to reach the point of equal attraction, it would fall upon the moon by virtue of the excess of the lunar attraction over the terrestrial.
3. Or, lastly, animated46 with sufficient speed to enable it to reach the neutral point, but not sufficient to pass it, it would remain forever suspended in that spot like the pretended tomb of Mahomet, between the zenith and the nadir47.
Such was their situation; and Barbicane clearly explained the consequences to his traveling companions, which greatly interested them. But how should they know when the projectile had reached this neutral point situated at that distance, especially when neither themselves, nor the objects enclosed in the projectile, would be any longer subject to the laws of weight?
Up to this time, the travelers, while admitting that this action was constantly decreasing, had not yet become sensible to its total absence.
But that day, about eleven o’clock in the morning, Nicholl having accidentally let a glass slip from his hand, the glass, instead of falling, remained suspended in the air.
“Ah!” exclaimed Michel Ardan, “that is rather an amusing piece of natural philosophy.”
And immediately divers48 other objects, firearms and bottles, abandoned to themselves, held themselves up as by enchantment49. Diana too, placed in space by Michel, reproduced, but without any trick, the wonderful suspension practiced by Caston and Robert Houdin. Indeed the dog did not seem to know that she was floating in air.
The three adventurous50 companions were surprised and stupefied, despite their scientific reasonings. They felt themselves being carried into the domain51 of wonders! they felt that weight was really wanting to their bodies. If they stretched out their arms, they did not attempt to fall. Their heads shook on their shoulders. Their feet no longer clung to the floor of the projectile. They were like drunken men having no stability in themselves.
Fancy has depicted52 men without reflection, others without shadow. But here reality, by the neutralizations of attractive forces, produced men in whom nothing had any weight, and who weighed nothing themselves.
Suddenly Michel, taking a spring, left the floor and remained suspended in the air, like Murillo’s monk54 of the Cusine des Anges.
The two friends joined him instantly, and all three formed a miraculous55 “Ascension” in the center of the projectile.
“Is it to be believed? is it probable? is it possible?” exclaimed Michel; “and yet it is so. Ah! if Raphael had seen us thus, what an ‘Assumption’ he would have thrown upon canvas!”
“The ‘Assumption’ cannot last,” replied Barbicane. “If the projectile passes the neutral point, the lunar attraction will draw us to the moon.”
“Then our feet will be upon the roof,” replied Michel.
“No,” said Barbicane, “because the projectile’s center of gravity is very low; it will only turn by degrees.”
“Then all our portables will be upset from top to bottom, that is a fact.”
“Calm yourself, Michel,” replied Nicholl; “no upset is to be feared; not a thing will move, for the projectile’s evolution will be imperceptible.”
“Just so,” continued Barbicane; “and when it has passed the point of equal attraction, its base, being the heavier, will draw it perpendicularly56 to the moon; but, in order that this phenomenon should take place, we must have passed the neutral line.”
“Pass the neutral line,” cried Michel; “then let us do as the sailors do when they cross the equator.”
A slight side movement brought Michel back toward the padded side; thence he took a bottle and glasses, placed them “in space” before his companions, and, drinking merrily, they saluted57 the line with a triple hurrah58. The influence of these attractions scarcely lasted an hour; the travelers felt themselves insensibly drawn toward the floor, and Barbicane fancied that the conical end of the projectile was varying a little from its normal direction toward the moon. By an inverse32 motion the base was approaching first; the lunar attraction was prevailing59 over the terrestrial; the fall toward the moon was beginning, almost imperceptibly as yet, but by degrees the attractive force would become stronger, the fall would be more decided60, the projectile, drawn by its base, would turn its cone61 to the earth, and fall with ever-increasing speed on to the surface of the Selenite continent; their destination would then be attained62. Now nothing could prevent the success of their enterprise, and Nicholl and Michel Ardan shared Barbicane’s joy.
Then they chatted of all the phenomena63 which had astonished them one after the other, particularly the neutralization53 of the laws of weight. Michel Ardan, always enthusiastic, drew conclusions which were purely64 fanciful.
“Ah, my worthy friends,” he exclaimed, “what progress we should make if on earth we could throw off some of that weight, some of that chain which binds65 us to her; it would be the prisoner set at liberty; no more fatigue66 of either arms or legs. Or, if it is true that in order to fly on the earth’s surface, to keep oneself suspended in the air merely by the play of the muscles, there requires a strength a hundred and fifty times greater than that which we possess, a simple act of volition67, a caprice, would bear us into space, if attraction did not exist.”
“Just so,” said Nicholl, smiling; “if we could succeed in suppressing weight as they suppress pain by anaesthesia, that would change the face of modern society!”
“Yes,” cried Michel, full of his subject, “destroy weight, and no more burdens!”
“Well said,” replied Barbicane; “but if nothing had any weight, nothing would keep in its place, not even your hat on your head, worthy Michel; nor your house, whose stones only adhere by weight; nor a boat, whose stability on the waves is only caused by weight; not even the ocean, whose waves would no longer be equalized by terrestrial attraction; and lastly, not even the atmosphere, whose atoms, being no longer held in their places, would disperse68 in space!”
“That is tiresome,” retorted Michel; “nothing like these matter-of-fact people for bringing one back to the bare reality.”
“But console yourself, Michel,” continued Barbicane, “for if no orb39 exists from whence all laws of weight are banished69, you are at least going to visit one where it is much less than on the earth.”
“The moon?”
“Yes, the moon, on whose surface objects weigh six times less than on the earth, a phenomenon easy to prove.”
“And we shall feel it?” asked Michel.
“Evidently, as two hundred pounds will only weigh thirty pounds on the surface of the moon.”
“And our muscular strength will not diminish?”
“Not at all; instead of jumping one yard high, you will rise eighteen feet high.”
“But we shall be regular Herculeses in the moon!” exclaimed Michel.
“Yes,” replied Nicholl; “for if the height of the Selenites is in proportion to the density70 of their globe, they will be scarcely a foot high.”
“Lilliputians!” ejaculated Michel; “I shall play the part of Gulliver. We are going to realize the fable71 of the giants. This is the advantage of leaving one’s own planet and over-running the solar world.”
“One moment, Michel,” answered Barbicane; “if you wish to play the part of Gulliver, only visit the inferior planets, such as Mercury, Venus, or Mars, whose density is a little less than that of the earth; but do not venture into the great planets, Jupiter, Saturn72, Uranus73, Neptune74; for there the order will be changed, and you will become Lilliputian.”
“And in the sun?”
“In the sun, if its density is thirteen hundred and twenty-four thousand times greater, and the attraction is twenty-seven times greater than on the surface of our globe, keeping everything in proportion, the inhabitants ought to be at least two hundred feet high.”
“By Jove!” exclaimed Michel; “I should be nothing more than a pigmy, a shrimp75!”
“Gulliver with the giants,” said Nicholl.
“Just so,” replied Barbicane.
“And it would not be quite useless to carry some pieces of artillery76 to defend oneself.”
“Good,” replied Nicholl; “your projectiles77 would have no effect on the sun; they would fall back upon the earth after some minutes.”
“That is a strong remark.”
“It is certain,” replied Barbicane; “the attraction is so great on this enormous orb, that an object weighing 70,000 pounds on the earth would weigh but 1,920 pounds on the surface of the sun. If you were to fall upon it you would weigh — let me see — about 5,000 pounds, a weight which you would never be able to raise again.”
“The devil!” said Michel; “one would want a portable crane. However, we will be satisfied with the moon for the present; there at least we shall cut a great figure. We will see about the sun by and by.”
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1
intoxication
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| n.wild excitement;drunkenness；poisoning | |
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disastrous
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| adj.灾难性的，造成灾害的；极坏的，很糟的 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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gnawing
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| a.痛苦的，折磨人的 | |
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supplementary
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| adj.补充的，附加的 | |
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6
utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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8
unbearable
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| adj.不能容忍的；忍受不住的 | |
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intensity
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| n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度 | |
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physiological
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| adj.生理学的，生理学上的 | |
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faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院 | |
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12
apparatus
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| n.装置，器械；器具，设备 | |
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disorders
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| n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调 | |
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14
saturated
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| a.饱和的，充满的 | |
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15
suffocation
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| n.窒息 | |
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combustion
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| n.燃烧；氧化；骚动 | |
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17
derive
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| v.取得；导出；引申；来自；源自；出自 | |
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exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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19
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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20
animation
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| n.活泼，兴奋，卡通片／动画片的制作 | |
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chattering
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| n. （机器振动发出的）咔嗒声，(鸟等)鸣，啁啾 adj. 喋喋不休的，啾啾声的 动词chatter的现在分词形式 | |
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22
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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rascal
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| n.流氓；不诚实的人 | |
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philosophical
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| adj.哲学家的，哲学上的，达观的 | |
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projectile
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| n.投射物，发射体；adj.向前开进的；推进的；抛掷的 | |
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proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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diminution
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| n.减少；变小 | |
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utensils
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| 器具，用具，器皿( utensil的名词复数 )； 器物 | |
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densities
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| 密集( density的名词复数 )； 稠密； 密度（固体、液体或气体单位体积的质量）； 密度（磁盘存贮数据的可用空间） | |
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32
inverse
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| adj.相反的，倒转的，反转的；n.相反之物；v.倒转 | |
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inversely
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| adj.相反的 | |
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celestial
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| adj.天体的；天上的 | |
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annihilated
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| v.（彻底）消灭( annihilate的过去式和过去分词 )；使无效；废止；彻底击溃 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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neutralize
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| v.使失效、抵消，使中和 | |
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orbs
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| abbr.off-reservation boarding school 在校寄宿学校n.球，天体，圆形物( orb的名词复数 ) | |
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orb
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| n.太阳；星球；v.弄圆；成球形 | |
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40
situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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displacement
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| n.移置，取代，位移，排水量 | |
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42
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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impulsive
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| adj.冲动的，刺激的；有推动力的 | |
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attain
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| vt.达到，获得，完成 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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nadir
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| n.最低点，无底 | |
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48
divers
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| adj.不同的；种种的 | |
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enchantment
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| n.迷惑，妖术，魅力 | |
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adventurous
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| adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的 | |
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51
domain
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| n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围 | |
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52
depicted
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| 描绘，描画( depict的过去式和过去分词 )； 描述 | |
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53
neutralization
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| n.中立化，中立状态，中和 | |
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54
monk
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| n.和尚，僧侣，修道士 | |
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55
miraculous
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| adj.像奇迹一样的，不可思议的 | |
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56
perpendicularly
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| adv. 垂直地, 笔直地, 纵向地 | |
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57
saluted
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| v.欢迎，致敬( salute的过去式和过去分词 )；赞扬，赞颂 | |
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58
hurrah
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| int.好哇，万岁，乌拉 | |
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59
prevailing
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| adj.盛行的；占优势的；主要的 | |
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60
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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61
cone
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| n.圆锥体，圆锥形东西，球果 | |
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62
attained
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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63
phenomena
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| n.现象 | |
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purely
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| adv.纯粹地，完全地 | |
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65
binds
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| v.约束( bind的第三人称单数 )；装订；捆绑；（用长布条）缠绕 | |
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66
fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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67
volition
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| n.意志；决意 | |
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68
disperse
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| vi.使分散；使消失；vt.分散；驱散 | |
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69
banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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70
density
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| n.密集，密度，浓度 | |
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71
fable
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| n.寓言；童话；神话 | |
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72
Saturn
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| n.农神，土星 | |
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73
Uranus
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| n.天王星 | |
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74
Neptune
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| n.海王星 | |
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75
shrimp
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| n.虾，小虾；矮小的人 | |
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76
artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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77
projectiles
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| n.抛射体( projectile的名词复数 )；（炮弹、子弹等）射弹，（火箭等）自动推进的武器 | |
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