In consequence of the storm, we had been thrown eastward1 once more. All hope of escape on the shores of New York or St. Lawrence had faded away; and poor Ned, in despair, had isolated3 himself like Captain Nemo. Conseil and I, however, never left each other. I said that the Nautilus had gone aside to the east. I should have said (to be more exact) the north-east. For some days, it wandered first on the surface, and then beneath it, amid those fogs so dreaded4 by sailors. What accidents are due to these thick fogs! What shocks upon these reefs when the wind drowns the breaking of the waves! What collisions between vessels5, in spite of their warning lights, whistles, and alarm bells! And the bottoms of these seas look like a field of battle, where still lie all the conquered of the ocean; some old and already encrusted, others fresh and reflecting from their iron bands and copper7 plates the brilliancy of our lantern. On the 15th of May we were at the extreme south of the Bank of Newfoundland. This bank consists of alluvia, or large heaps of organic matter, brought either from the Equator by the Gulf8 Stream, or from the North Pole by the counter-current of cold water which skirts the American coast. There also are heaped up those erratic9 blocks which are carried along by the broken ice; and close by, a vast charnel-house of molluscs, which perish here by millions. The depth of the sea is not great at Newfoundland--not more than some hundreds of fathoms10; but towards the south is a depression of 1,500 fathoms. There the Gulf Stream widens. It loses some of its speed and some of its temperature, but it becomes a sea.
It was on the 17th of May, about 500 miles from Heart's Content, at a depth of more than 1,400 fathoms, that I saw the electric cable lying on the bottom. Conseil, to whom I had not mentioned it, thought at first that it was a gigantic sea-serpent. But I undeceived the worthy11 fellow, and by way of consolation12 related several particulars in the laying of this cable. The first one was laid in the years 1857 and 1858; but, after transmitting about 400 telegrams, would not act any longer. In 1863 the engineers constructed an other one, measuring 2,000 miles in length, and weighing 4,500 tons, which was embarked13 on the Great Eastern. This attempt also failed.
On the 25th of May the Nautilus, being at a depth of more than 1,918 fathoms, was on the precise spot where the rupture14 occurred which ruined the enterprise. It was within 638 miles of the coast of Ireland; and at half-past two in the afternoon they discovered that communication with Europe had ceased. The electricians on board resolved to cut the cable before fishing it up, and at eleven o'clock at night they had recovered the damaged part. They made another point and spliced15 it, and it was once more submerged. But some days after it broke again, and in the depths of the ocean could not be recaptured. The Americans, however, were not discouraged. Cyrus Field, the bold promoter of the enterprise, as he had sunk all his own fortune, set a new subscription16 on foot, which was at once answered, and another cable was constructed on better principles. The bundles of conducting wires were each enveloped17 in gutta-percha, and protected by a wadding of hemp18, contained in a metallic19 covering. The Great Eastern sailed on the 13th of July, 1866. The operation worked well. But one incident occurred. Several times in unrolling the cable they observed that nails had recently been forced into it, evidently with the motive20 of destroying it. Captain Anderson, the officers, and engineers consulted together, and had it posted up that, if the offender21 was surprised on board, he would be thrown without further trial into the sea. From that time the criminal attempt was never repeated. On the 23rd of July the Great Eastern was not more than 500 miles from Newfoundland, when they telegraphed from Ireland the news of the armistice22 concluded between Prussia and Austria after Sadowa. On the 27th, in the midst of heavy fogs, they reached the port of Heart's Content. The enterprise was successfully terminated; and for its first despatch23, young America addressed old Europe in these words of wisdom, so rarely understood: "Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, goodwill24 towards men." I did not expect to find the electric cable
in its primitive25 state, such as it was on leaving the manufactory. The long serpent, covered with the remains26 of shells, bristling27 with foraminiferae, was encrusted with a strong coating which served as a protection against all boring molluscs. It lay quietly sheltered from the motions of the sea, and under a favourable28 pressure for the transmission of the electric spark which passes from Europe to America in .32 of a second. Doubtless this cable will last for a great length of time, for they find that the gutta-percha covering is improved by the sea-water. Besides, on this level, so well chosen, the cable is never so deeply submerged as to cause it to break. The Nautilus followed it to the lowest depth, which was more than 2,212 fathoms, and there it lay without any anchorage; and then we reached the spot where the accident had taken place in 1863. The bottom of the ocean then formed a valley about 100 miles broad, in which Mont Blanc might have been placed without its summit appearing above the waves. This valley is closed at the east by a perpendicular29 wall more than 2,000 yards high. We arrived there on the 28th of May, and the Nautilus was then not more than 120 miles from Ireland.
Was Captain Nemo going to land on the British Isles31? No. To my great surprise he made for the south, once more coming back towards European seas. In rounding the Emerald Isle30, for one instant I caught sight of Cape2 Clear, and the light which guides the thousands of vessels leaving Glasgow or Liverpool. An important question then arose in my mind. Did the Nautilus dare entangle32 itself in the Manche? Ned Land, who had re-appeared since we had been nearing land, did not cease to question me. How could I answer? Captain Nemo reminded invisible. After having shown the Canadian a glimpse of American shores, was he going to show me the coast of France? But the Nautilus was still going southward. On the 30th of May, it passed in sight of Land's End, between the extreme point of England and the Scilly Isles, which were left to starboard. If we wished to enter the Manche, he must go straight to the east. He did not do so.
During the whole of the 31st of May, the Nautilus described a series of circles on the water, which greatly interested me. It seemed to be seeking a spot it had some trouble in finding. At noon, Captain Nemo himself came to work the ship's log. He spoke33 no word to me, but seemed gloomier than ever. What could sadden him thus? Was it his proxim ity to European shores? Had he some recollections of his abandoned country? If not, what did he feel? Remorse34 or regret? For a long while this thought haunted my mind, and I had a kind of presentiment35 that before long chance would betray the captain's secrets.
The next day, the 1st of June, the Nautilus continued the same process. It was evidently seeking some particular spot in the ocean. Captain Nemo took the sun's altitude as he had done the day before. The sea was beautiful, the sky clear. About eight miles to the east, a large steam vessel6 could be discerned on the horizon. No flag fluttered from its mast, and I could not discover its nationality. Some minutes before the sun passed the meridian36, Captain Nemo took his sextant, and watched with great attention. The perfect rest of the water greatly helped the operation. The Nautilus was motionless; it neither rolled nor pitched. I was on the platform when the altitude was taken, and the Captain pronounced these words: "It is here." He turned and went below. Had he seen the vessel which was changing its course and seemed to be nearing us? I could not tell. I returned to the saloon. The panels closed, I heard the hissing37 of the water in the reservoirs. The Nautilus began to sink, following a vertical38 line, for its screw communicated no motion to it. Some minutes later it stopped at a depth of more than 420 fathoms, resting on the ground. The luminous39 ceiling was darkened, then the panels were opened, and through the glass I saw the sea brilliantly illuminated40 by the rays of our lantern for at least half a mile round us. I looked to the port side, and saw nothing but an immensity of quiet waters. But to starboard, on the bottom appeared a large protuberance, which at once attracted my attention. One would have thought it a ruin buried under a coating of white shells, much resembling a covering of snow. Upon examining the mass attentively41, I could recognise the ever-thickening form of a vessel bare of its masts, which must have sunk. It certainly belonged to past times. This wreck42, to be thus encrusted with the lime of the water, must already be able to count many years passed at the bottom of the ocean.
What was this vessel? Why did the Nautilus visit its tomb? Could it have been aught but a shipwreck43 which had drawn44 it under the water? I knew not what to think, when near me in a slow voice I heard Captain Nemo say: "At one time this ship was called the Marseillais. It carried seventy-four guns, and was launched in 1762. In 1778, the 13th of August, commanded by La Poype-Ver trieux, it fought boldly against the Preston. In 1779, on the 4th of July, it was at the taking of Grenada, with the squadron of Admiral Estaing. In 1781, on the 5th of September, it took part in the battle of Comte de Grasse, in Chesapeake Bay. In 1794, the French Republic changed its name. On the 16th of April, in the same year, it joined the squadron of Villaret Joyeuse, at Brest, being entrusted45 with the escort of a cargo46 of corn coming from America, under the command of Admiral Van Stebel. On the 11th and 12th Prairal of the second year, this squadron fell in with an English vessel. Sir, to-day is the 13th Prairal, the first of June, 1868. It is now seventy-four years ago, day for day on this very spot, in latitude47 47" 24', longitude48 17" 28', that this vessel, after fighting heroically, losing its three masts, with the water in its hold, and the third of its crew disabled, preferred sinking with its 356 sailors to surrendering; and, nailing its colours to the poop, disappeared under the waves to the cry of `Long live the Republic!'" "The Avenger49!" I exclaimed. "Yes, sir, the Avenger! A good name!" muttered Captain Nemo, crossing his arms.
西经17度28分在这次大风暴之后，我们的船被抛到东方去了。在纽约或圣劳伦斯河口附近陆地逃走的一切希望都消灭了。可怜的尼德十分失望，他像尼摩船长一样孤独，不理人。康塞尔和我，我们再不离开，时常在一起。
我上面说过，诺第留斯号躲到东方去。更正确一点，我应当说是躲到东北方去。几天来，它有时在水面上漂流，有时在水底下行驶，在航海家十分惧怕的浓雾中间沉浮不定。
这些浓雾的发生主要由于冰雪融解，使大气极端潮湿。有多少船只在这一带海中找寻岸上模糊不清的灯火的时候就沉没了！有多少灾祸由于这些阴暗的雾气造成！在那些暗礁上，回潮的声音被风声所淹没，因而多少船只未能避免触礁的厄运，在船只之间，尽管它们有表示方位的灯光，尽管它们鸣笛相告，敲钟报警，仍然发生了多少次相撞。
所以，这一带海底的情形真像是一所战场，战败者静默地躺在那里。有一些已经朽烂了，另一些还崭新，它们的铁制部分和铜质船底反映出我们探照灯的光辉。这些船只中间，有多少在统计表中特别指出的危险地点——种族角、圣·保罗岛、美岛峡、圣·劳伦斯河口，连同它们的船员，它们的乘客，一齐沉没了！
5月15日，我们是在纽芬兰岛暗礁脉的极南端。暗礁脉是海水冲积的结果，是一大堆有机体的渣滓残骸，它们被大西洋暖流从赤道一路输送过来；或被寒流夹带，从北极沿美洲海岸流下来。这里还累积起由那冰雪的崩裂冲刷下来的漂流石岩。这里形成了戍亿成万死亡的鱼类，软体类或植虫类的骸骨堆积常纽芬兰岛暗礁脉间，海水并不很深，大约至多不过几百米。但向南一点，海底就突然下陷，形成一个深三千米的涧穴。在这里，暖流就扩大了，它的水流完全散开了。它的速度减低，它的温度下降，它变为海了。
被诺第留斯号驶过所惊吓的鱼类中间，我举出硬鳍海兔；身长一米，脊背灰黑，肚腹橙黄，它对于夫妻爱情很是忠实——它虽然给自己的同类作了榜样，但并不被同类所模仿，有一条身材长大的油尼纳克鱼，是一种翡翠色的酥鱼，味道很美。有眼睛圆大的卡拉克鱼，头有点像狗的脑袋。
有奇形鲫鱼，像蛇一样，是卵生的鱼。有弹形虾虎鱼，或河沙鱼，长两分米，黑色。有长尾鱼，尾很长，发出银色的光辉，是速度很快的鱼，一直可以跑到极北的海中去。船上鱼网也打到一条大胆、勇敢、强悍、多肉的鱼，这鱼头上有刺，鳍上有针，是长二至三米的海中蝎子，它是奇形鲫鱼、鳕鱼和鲑鱼的死敌；它是北方海中的刺鳝鱼，身上多瘤，栗子色，鲸红色。诺第留斯号的打鱼人费了些工夫才把这鱼捉到手：这鱼由于鳃盖结构特殊，接触干燥的空气后呼吸器官们得保全，因此它离开海水，还可以活一些时候。
我现在举出一些丛鱼，这是在北极海中长久陪伴着船只的小鱼。银白尖嘴鱼，是大西洋北部特产的鱼，还有“位斯加斯”笠子鱼。我看见了鹰鱼类，这是鳌鱼的一种，它们特别喜欢居住在这一带水中：在这纽芬兰岛暗礁脉上，简直是看不完；打不荆人们可以说，这些鳌鱼是山中的鱼，因为纽芬兰岛不过是一座海底大山。当诺第留斯号从它们拥挤的队伍中间打开一条道路的时候，康塞尔不能不说出这话来：“呀！鳖鱼哩！”他说，“我以为鳖鱼是跟蝶鱼和靴底鱼一般板平的呢？"“你大天真了！”我喊道，“鳖鱼只在杂货铺中是乎板的，那是人家把它们割开了摆出来的。但在水里面，它们跟鳏鱼类一样，是纺锤形的鱼，完全便于水中穿行。”
“我相信是这样，先生，”康塞尔回答，“这么多！乌云一般！蚂蚁窝一般！”
“唆！我的朋友，如果没有它们的敌人笠子鱼和人类，它们可能更多呢！你知道在单单一条母鳖鱼身上有多少卵吗？"“我们尽量地说吧，”康塞尔回答，“五十万。”
“一千一百万，我的朋友。”
“一千一百万，除非我亲自计算过，否则我决不能相信。”
“康塞尔，你算去吧。你可能更快地相信我的诺了。本来，法国人，英国人，美国人，丹麦人，挪威人，打鳖鱼都是上千上万打的。消费鳖鱼的数量是巨大无比的，如果不是这种鱼有这样惊人的繁殖力，海中早就没有它们了。比如单单在英国和美国，有五千只船由七万五千水手驾驶，专供打鳖鱼之用。平均每一只船可以打到四万条，一共就是二十万条。在挪威沿海的情形也一样。”
“好，”康塞尔回答，“那我相信先生的活。我不去算它们了。”
“算什么呢？”
“就是那一千一百万只卵。但我要特别提一句——”“特别提什么？"“就是，如果所有的卵都能成长，那么四条母鳌鱼即可以供应英国、美国和挪威了。"当我们掠过纽芬兰岛暗礁脉时，我看得很清楚每只船放下来的十来根长钓丝，上面装有二百个钩饵，每根钓丝的一端用小锚钩住，由固定在浮标上的线把它拉在水面上。
诺第留斯号在这水底线网中间很巧妙地驶过去。
“占在许多船只往来的这一带海中停得不久，它直往北纬42度上驶。那是跟纽芬兰的圣·约翰港和内心港在同一纬度，内心港是横过大西洋海底电线的终点。
诺第留斯号并不继续往北，它向东驶，好像它要沿着海底电线，作为电线柱的暗礁高地驶去；这些高地经过多次的探测，高低起伏都有很确切的记录。
那是5月17日，距内心港约五百海里，在二千八百米深的地方，我看见放在侮底下的电线。康塞尔，我没有预先告诉池，看见电线，起初认为是一条巨大的海蛇，打算按照他平常的方法，把它分类。但我很快使这老实人明白过来，同时为安慰他的苦恼起见，我给他谈了这条海底电线装设的特殊过程。
第一条海底电线是在1857年和1858年间装设的，但传达了四百次左右的电报后，就不能用了。1863年工程师们制造一条新线，长三千四百公里，贡四千五百吨，由大东方号装运。但这次的装设又失败了。
可是5月25日，诺第留斯号下降到三千八百三十二米深的地方，就是在装设失败、电线中断的地点。这地点距爱尔兰海岸六百三十八海里。当时人们查出下午两点跟欧洲的电报交通就中断了。船上的电气工人决定把线拉上来之前，先把它割断，晚上十一点，他们把损坏部分的电线拉上来。他们重新做了一个连络和接线，又把线放到海底去。
可是过了几天，线又断了，并且不可能把它从海底收回。
美国人并不因此就失望。倡办海底电线的人，大胆的西留斯·费尔提，把自己的全部财产投到里面去，同时，又发出募股新办法。新股款立即募足。另一条海底线在最优良的条件下装备起来。伶电的钢丝包在胶皮里面，完全绝缘，先由纤维做的带子缠裹，周密保护，外面再用金属套管包起来。大东方号于1866年7月13日开出，到海上装设电线。
装设进行相当顺利；可是发生了意外事件。有好几次，把线放开来装的时候，电气工人检查出线上有新钉进去的人钉目的在损毁里面的铜丝，使它不能传电。安德生船长，他的宫佐，他的工程师，一道开会，考虑这事，他们贴出布告说，如果罪人当时在船上被拿获，他将不经审判，立即投入海中。自后，这种犯罪行为就不再发生。
7月23日，大东方号把海底线装到了只距纽芬兰岛八 i公里的时候，人们从爱尔兰打电报给它，说普鲁土和奥地利在萨多瓦战事后已经成立了停战协定。17日，它在浓雾中安装到内心港。海底电线的工作顺利地完成了。第一封海底电报是青年的美洲向老年的欧洲发出的刁：为时人所了解的下面几句言词：“光荣是属于天上的上帝，和平是属于地上的善良的人们。"我不能想象看见的海底电线仍是它原来的样子，这条长蛇由介壳的残体掩蔽起来，到处丛生着有孔虫，外面封上了一层石质的粘胶，保护它不受有钻穿力的软体动物的侵害。它安静地躺在海底，不受海水波动的影响，只是感到从美州到欧州要百分之三十二秒钟顺利传达电报的轻微电压。这条海底电线可以经久耐用，因为人们指出，树胶外套留在海水中，变得更加优良，更加坚固了。
并且，在这选择得十分合适的暗礁高地上，海底线并没有沉到它能被冲断的深水层中去。诺第留斯号沿电线到了最深的水底，达到四千四百三十一米的深处，电线安置在那里，一点不显出拖拉的痕迹。然后我们走近1863年意外事件发生的地点。
这里的海底形成一个阔一百二十公里的广大山谷，在山谷上面，就是把勃朗峰放下去，山峰也还露不出水面来。
山谷在东边有一道高二千米的峭壁把它挡祝我们于26日到了这山谷，诺第留斯号距爱尔兰只有一百五十公里了；尼摩船长是要上溯到不列颠群岛靠陆吗？不是。十分出我意外，他又向南下驶，回到欧洲海中来。在绕过翡翠岛的时的吗？
我心中正在思索的时候，在我旁边，我听到尼摩船长缓慢的声音在那里说：“从前这只船叫做马赛人号。它装有七十四门大炮，于 1762年下水。1778年8月13日，由拉·波亚披·威土利欧指挥，对普列斯敦号①勇敢作战。1779年7月4日，它跟德斯丹②海军大将的舰队一齐攻下格这那德③。1781年9月5日，它参加格拉斯④伯爵在捷萨别克湾⑤的海战。
179：年，法兰西共和国更换了它的名称。同年4月16日，它加入威拉列·若亚尤斯③指挥的舰队，护送美国派出的山万·斯他比尔海军大将率领的一队小麦输送船。共和纪元之年冈月①11和12两日，这舰队跟英国舰队在海上遭遇。先生，今天是圆月13日，1868年6月 1日。一天一天算，现在是整整七十四年，在相同的这个地点，北纬47度 2分，西经17度28分，这只战舰，经过英勇的战斗后，三支桅被打断，船舱中涌进海水，它的三分之一船员失去战斗力，情愿带它的三百五十六名水手沉到海底去，不愿意投降敌人，把旗帜钉在船尾，在‘法兰西共和国万岁！幕逗羯校撩缓Ｖ小！?
“复仇号！”我喊道。
“是的！先生。复仇号！多美的名号！”尼摩船长交叉着两手，低声说。
收听单词发音 |
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eastward
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| adv.向东；adj.向东的；n.东方，东部 | |
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cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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isolated
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| adj.与世隔绝的 | |
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dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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gulf
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| n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂 | |
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erratic
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| adj.古怪的，反复无常的，不稳定的 | |
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fathoms
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| 英寻( fathom的名词复数 ) | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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embarked
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| 乘船( embark的过去式和过去分词 )； 装载； 从事 | |
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rupture
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| n.破裂；(关系的)决裂；v.(使)破裂 | |
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spliced
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| adj.（针织品）加固的n.叠接v.绞接( splice的过去式和过去分词 )；捻接（两段绳子）；胶接；粘接（胶片、磁带等） | |
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subscription
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| n.预订，预订费，亲笔签名，调配法，下标（处方） | |
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enveloped
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| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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hemp
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| n.大麻；纤维 | |
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metallic
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| adj.金属的；金属制的；含金属的；产金属的；像金属的 | |
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motive
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| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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offender
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| n.冒犯者，违反者，犯罪者 | |
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armistice
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| n.休战，停战协定 | |
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despatch
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| n./v.(dispatch)派遣；发送；n.急件；新闻报道 | |
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goodwill
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| n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉 | |
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primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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bristling
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| a.竖立的 | |
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favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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perpendicular
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| adj.垂直的，直立的；n.垂直线，垂直的位置 | |
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isle
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| n.小岛，岛 | |
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isles
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| 岛( isle的名词复数 ) | |
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entangle
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| vt.缠住，套住；卷入，连累 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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remorse
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| n.痛恨，悔恨，自责 | |
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presentiment
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| n.预感，预觉 | |
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meridian
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| adj.子午线的；全盛期的 | |
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hissing
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| n. 发嘶嘶声, 蔑视 动词hiss的现在分词形式 | |
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vertical
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| adj.垂直的，顶点的，纵向的；n.垂直物，垂直的位置 | |
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luminous
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| adj.发光的，发亮的；光明的；明白易懂的；有启发的 | |
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illuminated
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| adj.被照明的；受启迪的 | |
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attentively
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| adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神 | |
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wreck
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| n.失事，遇难；沉船；vt.(船等)失事，遇难 | |
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shipwreck
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| n.船舶失事，海难 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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entrusted
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| v.委托，托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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cargo
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| n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物 | |
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latitude
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| n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区 | |
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longitude
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| n.经线，经度 | |
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avenger
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| n. 复仇者 | |
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