Alberto walked over to the window facing the town. Sophie followed him. While they stood looking out at the old houses, a small plane flew in over the rooftops. Fixed1 to its tail was a long banner which Sophie guessed would be advertising2 some product or local event, a rock concert perhaps. But as it approached and turned, she saw quite a different message: HAPPY BIRTHDAY, HILDE!
"Gate-crasher," was Alberto's only comment.
Heavy black clouds from the hills to the south were now beginning to gather over the town. The little plane disappeared into the grayness.
"I'm afraid there's going to be a storm," said Alberto.
"So I'll take the bus home."
"I only hope the major isn't behind this, too."
"He's not God Almighty3, is he?"
Alberto did not reply. He walked across the room and sat down again by the coffee table.
"We have to talk about Berkeley," he said after a while.
Sophie had already resumed her place. She caught herself biting her nails.
"George Berkeley was an Irish bishop4 who lived from 1685 to 1753," Alberto began. There was a long silence.
"Berkeley was an Irish bishop ..." Sophie prompted.
"But he was a philosopher as well..."
"Yes?"
"He felt that current philosophies and science were a threat to the Christian5 way of life, that the all-pervading materialism6, not least, represented a threat to the Christian faith in God as creator and preserver of all nature."
"He did?"
"And yet Berkeley was the most consistent of the empiricists."
"He believed we cannot know any more of the world than we can perceive through the senses?"
"More than that. Berkeley claimed that worldly things are indeed as we perceive them, but they are not 'things.' "
"You'll have to explain that."
"You remember that Locke pointed7 out that we cannot make statements about the 'secondary qualities' of things. We cannot say an apple is green and sour. We can only say we perceive it as being so. But Locke also said that the 'primary qualities' like density8, gravity, and weight really do belong to the external reality around us. External reality has, in fact, a material substance."
"I remember that, and I think Locke's division of things was important."
"Yes, Sophie, if only that were all."
"Goon."
"Locke believed--just like Descartes and Spinoza-- that the material world is a reality."
"Yes?"
"This is just what Berkeley questioned, and he did so by the logic9 of empiricism. He said the only things that exist are those we perceive. But we do not perceive 'material' or 'matter.' We do not perceive things as tangible10 objects. To assume that what we perceive has its own underlying11 'substance' is jumping to conclusions. We have absolutely no experience on which to base such a claim."
"How stupid. Look!" Sophie thumped12 her fist hard on the table. "Ouch," she said. "Doesn't that prove that this table is really a table, both of material and matter?"
"How did you feel it?"
"I felt something hard."
"You had a sensation of something hard, but you didn't feel the actual matter in the table. In the same way, you can dream you are hitting something hard, but there isn't anything hard in a dream, is there?"
"No, not in a dream."
"A person can also be hypnotized into 'feeling' things like warmth and cold, a caress13 or a punch."
"But if the table wasn't really hard, why did I feel it?"
"Berkeley believed in a 'spirit.' He thought all our ideas have a cause beyond our consciousness, but that this cause is not of a material nature. It is spiritual."
Sophie had started biting her nails again.
Alberto continued: "According to Berkeley, my own soul can be the cause of my own ideas--just as when I dream--but only another will or spirit can be the cause of the ideas that make up the 'corporeal14' world. Everything is due to that spirit which is the cause of 'everything in everything' and which 'all things consist in,' he said."
"What 'spirit' was he talking about?"
"Berkeley was of course thinking of God. He said that 'we can moreover claim that the existence of God is far more clearly perceived than the existence of man."'
"Is it not even certain that we exist?"
"Yes, and no. Everything we see and feel is 'an effect of God's power,' said Berkeley. For God is 'intimately present in our consciousness, causing to exist for us the profusion15 of ideas and perceptions that we are constantly subject to.' The whole world around us and our whole life exist in God. He is the one cause of everything that exists. We exist only in the mind of God."
"I am amazed, to put it mildly."
"So 'to be or not to be' is not the whole question. The question is also who we are. Are we really human beings of flesh and blood? Does our world consist of real things--or are we encircled by the mind?"
Sophie continued to bite her nails.
Alberto went on: "Material reality was not the only thing Berkeley was questioning. He was also questioning whether 'time' and 'space' had any absolute or independent existence. Our own perception of time and space can also be merely figments of the mind. A week or two for us need not be a week or two for God ..."
"You said that for Berkeley this spirit that everything exists in is the Christian God."
"Yes, I suppose I did. But for us ..."
"Us?"
"For us--for you and me--this 'will or spirit' that is the 'cause of everything in everything' could be Hilde's father."
Sophie's eyes opened wide with incredulity. Yet at the same time a realization16 began to dawn on her.
"Is that what you think?"
"I cannot see any other possibility. That is perhaps the only feasible explanation for everything that has happened to us. All those postcards and signs that have turned up here and there... Hermes beginning to talk ... my own involuntary slips of the tongue."
"I..."
"Imagine my calling you Sophie, Hilde! I knew all the time that your name wasn't Sophie."
"What are you saying? Now you are definitely confused."
"Yes, my mind is going round and round, my child. Like a giddy planet round a burning sun."
"And that sun is Hilde's father?"
"You could say so."
"Are you saying he's been a kind of God for us?"
"To be perfectly17 candid18, yes. He should be ashamed of himself!"
"What about Hilde herself?"
"She is an angel, Sophie."
"An angel?"
"Hilde is the one this 'spirit' turns to."
"Are you saying that Albert Knag tells Hilde about us?"
"Or writes about us. For we cannot perceive the matter itself that our reality is made of, that much we have learned. We cannot know whether our external reality is made of sound waves or of paper and writing. According to Berkeley, all we can know is that we are spirit."
"And Hilde is an angel..."
"Hilde is an angel, yes. Let that be the last word. Happy birthday, Hilde!"
Suddenly the room was filled with a bluish light. A few seconds later they heard the crash of thunder and the whole house shook.
"I have to go," said Sophie. She got up and ran to the front door. As she let herself out, Hermes woke up from his nap in the hallway. She thought she heard him say, "See you later, Hilde."
Sophie rushed down the stairs and ran out into the street. It was deserted19. And now the rain came down in torrents20.
One or two cars were plowing21 through the downpour, but there were no buses in sight. Sophie ran across Main Square and on through the town. As she ran, one thought kept going round and round in her mind: "Tomorrow is my birthday* Isn't it extra bitter to realize that life is only a dream on the day before your fifteenth birthday? It's like dreaming you won a million and then just as you're getting the money you wake up."
Sophie ran across the squelching22 playing field. Minutes later she saw someone come running toward her. It was her mother. The sky was pierced again and again by angry darts23 of lightning.
When they reached each other Sophie's mother put her arm around her.
"What's happening to us, little one?"
"I don't know," Sophie sobbed24. "It's like a bad dream."
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收听单词发音
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1
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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2
advertising
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| n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的 | |
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3
almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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4
bishop
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| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
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5
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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6
materialism
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| n.［哲］唯物主义，唯物论；物质至上 | |
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7
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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8
density
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| n.密集，密度，浓度 | |
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9
logic
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| n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性 | |
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10
tangible
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| adj.有形的，可触摸的，确凿的，实际的 | |
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11
underlying
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| adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的 | |
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12
thumped
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| v.重击， （指心脏）急速跳动( thump的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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13
caress
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| vt./n.爱抚，抚摸 | |
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14
corporeal
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| adj.肉体的，身体的；物质的 | |
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15
profusion
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| n.挥霍；丰富 | |
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16
realization
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| n.实现；认识到，深刻了解 | |
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17
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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18
candid
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| adj.公正的，正直的；坦率的 | |
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19
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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20
torrents
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| n.倾注；奔流( torrent的名词复数 )；急流；爆发；连续不断 | |
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21
plowing
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| v.耕( plow的现在分词 )；犁耕；费力穿过 | |
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22
squelching
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| v.发吧唧声，发扑哧声( squelch的现在分词 )；制止；压制；遏制 | |
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23
darts
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| n.掷飞镖游戏；飞镖( dart的名词复数 )；急驰，飞奔v.投掷，投射( dart的第三人称单数 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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24
sobbed
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| 哭泣，啜泣( sob的过去式和过去分词 )； 哭诉，呜咽地说 | |
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