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Part 3 Chapter 3
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'There are three stages in your reintegration,' said O'Brien. 'There is learning, there is understanding, and there is acceptance. It is time for you to enter upon the second stage.'

As always, Winston was lying flat on his back. But of late his bonds were looser. They still held him to the bed, but he could move his knees a little and could turn his head from side to side and raise his arms from the elbow. The dial, also, had grown to be less of a terror. He could evade2 its pangs3 if he was quick-witted enough: it was chiefly when he showed stupidity that O'Brien pulled the lever. Sometimes they got through a whole session without use of the dial. He could not remember how many sessions there had been. The whole process seemed to stretch out over a long, indefinite time -- weeks, possibly -- and the intervals5 between the sessions might sometimes have been days, sometimes only an hour or two.

'As you lie there,' said O'Brien, 'you have often wondered you have even asked me -- why the Ministry6 of Love should expend7 so much time and trouble on you. And when you were free you were puzzled by what was essentially8 the same question. You could grasp the mechanics of the Society you lived in, but not its underlying9 motives11. Do you remember writing in your diary, "I understand how: I do not understand why"? It was when you thought about "why" that you doubted your own sanity12. You have read the book, Goldstein's book, or parts of it, at least. Did it tell you anything that you did not know already?'

'You have read it?' said Winston.

'I wrote it. That is to say, I collaborated13 in writing it. No book is produced individually, as you know.'

'Is it true, what it says?'

'A description, yes. The programme it sets forth15 is nonsense. The secret accumulation of knowledge -- a gradual spread of enlightenment -- ultimately a proletarian rebellion -- the overthrow16 of the Party. You foresaw yourself that that was what it would say. It is all nonsense. The proletarians will never revolt, not in a thousand years or a million. They cannot. I do not have to tell you the reason: you know it already. If you have ever cherished any dreams of violent insurrection, you must abandon them. There is no way in which the Party can be overthrown17. The rule of the Party is for ever. Make that the starting-point of your thoughts.'

He came closer to the bed. 'For ever!' he repeated. 'And now let us get back to the question of "how" and "why". You understand well enough how the Party maintains itself in power. Now tell me why we cling to power. What is our motive10? Why should we want power? Go on, speak,' he added as Winston remained silent.

Nevertheless Winston did not speak for another moment or two. A feeling of weariness had overwhelmed him. The faint, mad gleam of enthusiasm had come back into O'Brien's face. He knew in advance what O'Brien would say. That the Party did not seek power for its own ends, but only for the good of the majority. That it sought power because men in the mass were frail18 cowardly creatures who could not endure liberty or face the truth, and must be ruled over and systematically19 deceived by others who were stronger than themselves. That the choice for mankind lay between freedom and happiness, and that, for the great bulk of mankind, happiness was better. That the party was the eternal guardian20 of the weak, a dedicated21 sect22 doing evil that good might come, sacrificing its own happiness to that of others. The terrible thing, thought Winston, the terrible thing was that when O'Brien said this he would believe it. You could see it in his face. O'Brien knew everything. A thousand times better than Winston he knew what the world was really like, in what degradation23 the mass of human beings lived and by what lies and barbarities the Party kept them there. He had understood it all, weighed it all, and it made no difference: all was justified24 by the ultimate purpose. What can you do, thought Winston, against the lunatic who is more intelligent than yourself, who gives your arguments a fair hearing and then simply persists in his lunacy?

'You are ruling over us for our own good,' he said feebly. 'You believe that human beings are not fit to govern themselves, and therefore --'

He started and almost cried out. A pang4 of pain had shot through his body. O'Brien had pushed the lever of the dial up to thirty-five.

'That was stupid, Winston, stupid!' he said. 'You should know better than to say a thing like that.'

He pulled the lever back and continued:

'Now I will tell you the answer to my question. It is this. The Party seeks power entirely25 for its own sake. We are not interested in the good of others; we are interested solely26 in power. Not wealth or luxury or long life or happiness: only power, pure power. What pure power means you will understand presently. We are different from all the oligarchies27 of the past, in that we know what we are doing. All the others, even those who resembled ourselves, were cowards and hypocrites. The German Nazis28 and the Russian Communists came very close to us in their methods, but they never had the courage to recognize their own motives. They pretended, perhaps they even believed, that they had seized power unwillingly29 and for a limited time, and that just round the corner there lay a paradise where human beings would be free and equal. We are not like that. We know that no one ever seizes power with the intention of relinquishing30 it. Power is not a means, it is an end. One does not establish a dictatorship in order to safeguard a revolution; one makes the revolution in order to establish the dictatorship. The object of persecution31 is persecution. The object of torture is torture. The object of power is power. Now do you begin to understand me?'

Winston was struck, as he had been struck before, by the tiredness of O'Brien's face. It was strong and fleshy and brutal32, it was full of intelligence and a sort of controlled passion before which he felt himself helpless; but it was tired. There were pouches33 under the eyes, the skin sagged34 from the cheekbones. O'Brien leaned over him, deliberately35 bringing the worn face nearer.

'You are thinking,' he said, 'that my face is old and tired. You are thinking that I talk of power, and yet I am not even able to prevent the decay of my own body. Can you not understand, Winston, that the individual is only a cell? The weariness of the cell is the vigour36 of the organism. Do you die when you cut your fingernails?'

He turned away from the bed and began strolling up and down again, one hand in his pocket.

'We are the priests of power,' he said. 'God is power. But at present power is only a word so far as you are concerned. It is time for you to gather some idea of what power means. The first thing you must realize is that power is collective. The individual only has power in so far as he ceases to be an individual. You know the Party slogan: "Freedom is Slavery". Has it ever occurred to you that it is reversible? Slavery is freedom. Alone -- free -- the human being is always defeated. It must be so, because every human being is doomed37 to die, which is the greatest of all failures. But if he can make complete, utter submission38, if he can escape from his identity, if he can merge39 himself in the Party so that he is the Party, then he is all-powerful and immortal40. The second thing for you to realize is that power is power over human beings. Over the body but, above all, over the mind. Power over matter -- external reality, as you would call it -- is not important. Already our control over matter is absolute.'

For a moment Winston ignored the dial. He made a violent effort to raise himself into a sitting position, and merely succeeded in wrenching41 his body painfully.

'But how can you control matter?' he burst out. 'You don't even control the climate or the law of gravity. And there are disease, pain, death --'

O'Brien silenced him by a movement of his hand. 'We control matter because we control the mind. Reality is inside the skull42. You will learn by degrees, Winston. There is nothing that we could not do. Invisibility, levitation43 -- anything. I could float off this floor like a soap bubble if I wish to. I do not wish to, because the Party does not wish it. You must get rid of those nineteenth-century ideas about the laws of Nature. We make the laws of Nature.'

'But you do not! You are not even masters of this planet. What about Eurasia and Eastasia? You have not conquered them yet.'

'Unimportant. We shall conquer them when it suits us. And if we did not, what difference would it make? We can shut them out of existence. Oceania is the world.'

'But the world itself is only a speck44 of dust. And man is tiny helpless! How long has he been in existence? For millions of years the earth was uninhabited.'

'Nonsense. The earth is as old as we are, no older. How could it be older? Nothing exists except through human consciousness.'

'But the rocks are full of the bones of extinct animals -- mammoths and mastodons and enormous reptiles45 which lived here long before man was ever heard of.'

'Have you ever seen those bones, Winston? Of course not. Nineteenth-century biologists invented them. Before man there was nothing. After man, if he could come to an end, there would be nothing. Outside man there is nothing.'

'But the whole universe is outside us. Look at the stars! Some of them are a million light-years away. They are out of our reach for ever.'

'What are the stars?' said O'Brien indifferently. 'They are bits of fire a few kilometres away. We could reach them if we wanted to. Or we could blot46 them out. The earth is the centre of the universe. The sun and the stars go round it.'

Winston made another convulsive movement. This time he did not say anything. O'Brien continued as though answering a spoken objection:

'For certain purposes, of course, that is not true. When we navigate47 the ocean, or when we predict an eclipse, we often find it convenient to assume that the earth goes round the sun and that the stars are millions upon millions of kilometres away. But what of it? Do you suppose it is beyond us to produce a dual14 system of astronomy? The stars can be near or distant, according as we need them. Do you suppose our mathematicians48 are unequal to that? Have you forgotten doublethink?'

Winston shrank back upon the bed. Whatever he said, the swift answer crushed him like a bludgeon. And yet he knew, he knew, that he was in the right. The belief that nothing exists outside your own mind -- surely there must be some way of demonstrating that it was false? Had it not been exposed long ago as a fallacy? There was even a name for it, which he had forgotten. A faint smile twitched49 the corners of O'Brien's mouth as he looked down at him.

'I told you, Winston,' he said, 'that metaphysics is not your strong point. The word you are trying to think of is solipsism. But you are mistaken. This is not solipsism. Collective solipsism, if you like. But that is a different thing: in fact, the opposite thing. All this is a digression,' he added in a different tone. 'The real power, the power we have to fight for night and day, is not power over things, but over men.' He paused, and for a moment assumed again his air of a schoolmaster questioning a promising50 pupil: 'How does one man assert his power over another, Winston?'

Winston thought. 'By making him suffer,' he said.

'Exactly. By making him suffer. Obedience51 is not enough. Unless he is suffering, how can you be sure that he is obeying your will and not his own? Power is in inflicting52 pain and humiliation53. Power is in tearing human minds to pieces and putting them together again in new shapes of your own choosing. Do you begin to see, then, what kind of world we are creating? It is the exact opposite of the stupid hedonistic Utopias that the old reformers imagined. A world of fear and treachery is torment54, a world of trampling55 and being trampled56 upon, a world which will grow not less but more merciless as it refines itself. Progress in our world will be progress towards more pain. The old civilizations claimed that they were founded on love or justice. Ours is founded upon hatred57. In our world there will be no emotions except fear, rage, triumph, and self-abasement. Everything else we shall destroy everything. Already we are breaking down the habits of thought which have survived from before the Revolution. We have cut the links between child and parent, and between man and man, and between man and woman. No one dares trust a wife or a child or a friend any longer. But in the future there will be no wives and no friends. Children will be taken from their mothers at birth, as one takes eggs from a hen. The sex instinct will be eradicated58. Procreation will be an annual formality like the renewal59 of a ration1 card. We shall abolish the orgasm. Our neurologists are at work upon it now. There will be no loyalty60, except loyalty towards the Party. There will be no love, except the love of Big Brother. There will be no laughter, except the laugh of triumph over a defeated enemy. There will be no art, no literature, no science. When we are omnipotent61 we shall have no more need of science. There will be no distinction between beauty and ugliness. There will be no curiosity, no enjoyment62 of the process of life. All competing pleasures will be destroyed. But always -- do not forget this, Winston -- always there will be the intoxication63 of power, constantly increasing and constantly growing subtler. Always, at every moment, there will be the thrill of victory, the sensation of trampling on an enemy who is helpless. If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face -- for ever.'

He paused as though he expected Winston to speak. Winston had tried to shrink back into the surface of the bed again. He could not say anything. His heart seemed to be frozen. O'Brien went on:

'And remember that it is for ever. The face will always be there to be stamped upon. The heretic, the enemy of society, will always be there, so that he can be defeated and humiliated64 over again. Everything that you have undergone since you have been in our hands -- all that will continue, and worse. The espionage65, the betrayals, the arrests, the tortures, the executions, the disappearances66 will never cease. It will be a world of terror as much as a world of triumph. The more the Party is powerful, the less it will be tolerant: the weaker the opposition67, the tighter the despotism. Goldstein and his heresies68 will live for ever. Every day, at every moment, they will be defeated, discredited69, ridiculed70, spat71 upon and yet they will always survive. This drama that I have played out with you during seven years will be played out over and over again generation after generation, always in subtler forms. Always we shall have the heretic here at our mercy, screaming with pain, broken up, contemptible72 -- and in the end utterly73 penitent74, saved from himself, crawling to our feet of his own accord. That is the world that we are preparing, Winston. A world of victory after victory, triumph after triumph after triumph: an endless pressing, pressing, pressing upon the nerve of power. You are beginning, I can see, to realize what that world will be like. But in the end you will do more than understand it. You will accept it, welcome it, become part of it.'

Winston had recovered himself sufficiently75 to speak. 'You can't!' he said weakly.

'What do you mean by that remark, Winston?'

'You could not create such a world as you have just described. It is a dream. It is impossible.'

'Why?'

'It is impossible to found a civilization on fear and hatred and cruelty. It would never endure.'

'Why not?'

'It would have no vitality76. It would disintegrate77. It would commit suicide.'

'Nonsense. You are under the impression that hatred is more exhausting than love. Why should it be? And if it were, what difference would that make? Suppose that we choose to wear ourselves out faster. Suppose that we quicken the tempo78 of human life till men are senile at thirty. Still what difference would it make? Can you not understand that the death of the individual is not death? The party is immortal.'

As usual, the voice had battered79 Winston into helplessness. Moreover he was in dread80 that if he persisted in his disagreement O'Brien would twist the dial again. And yet he could not keep silent. Feebly, without arguments, with nothing to support him except his inarticulate horror of what O'Brien had said, he returned to the attack.

'I don't know -- I don't care. Somehow you will fail. Something will defeat you. Life will defeat you.'

'We control life, Winston, at all its levels. You are imagining that there is something called human nature which will be outraged81 by what we do and will turn against us. But we create human nature. Men are infinitely82 malleable83. Or perhaps you have returned to your old idea that the proletarians or the slaves will arise and overthrow us. Put it out of your mind. They are helpless, like the animals. Humanity is the Party. The others are outside -- irrelevant84.'

'I don't care. In the end they will beat you. Sooner or later they will see you for what you are, and then they will tear you to pieces.'

'Do you see any evidence that that is happening? Or any reason why it should?'

'No. I believe it. I know that you will fail. There is something in the universe -- I don't know, some spirit, some principle -- that you will never overcome.'

'Do you believe in God, Winston?'

'No.'

'Then what is it, this principle that will defeat us?'

'I don't know. The spirit of Man.'

'And do you consider yourself a man?'

'Yes.'

'If you are a man, Winston, you are the last man. Your kind is extinct; we are the inheritors. Do you understand that you are alone? You are outside history, you are non-existent.' His manner changed and he said more harshly: 'And you consider yourself morally superior to us, with our lies and our cruelty?'

'Yes, I consider myself superior.'

O'Brien did not speak. Two other voices were speaking. After a moment Winston recognized one of them as his own. It was a sound-track of the conversation he had had with O'Brien, on the night when he had enrolled85 himself in the Brotherhood86. He heard himself promising to lie, to steal, to forge, to murder, to encourage drug-taking and prostitution, to disseminate87 venereal diseases, to throw vitriol in a child's face. O'Brien made a small impatient gesture, as though to say that the demonstration88 was hardly worth making. Then he turned a switch and the voices stopped.

'Get up from that bed,' he said.

The bonds had loosened themselves. Winston lowered himself to the floor and stood up unsteadily.

'You are the last man,' said O'Brien. 'You are the guardian of the human spirit. You shall see yourself as you are. Take off your clothes.'

Winston undid89 the bit of string that held his overalls90 together. The zip fastener had long since been wrenched91 out of them. He could not remember whether at any time since his arrest he had taken off all his clothes at one time. Beneath the overalls his body was looped with filthy92 yellowish rags, just recognizable as the remnants of underclothes. As he slid them to the ground he saw that there was a three-sided mirror at the far end of the room. He approached it, then stopped short. An involuntary cry had broken out of him.

'Go on,' said O'Brien. 'Stand between the wings of the mirror. You shall see the side view as well.'

He had stopped because he was frightened. A bowed, greycoloured, skeleton-like thing was coming towards him. Its actual appearance was frightening, and not merely the fact that he knew it to be himself. He moved closer to the glass. The creature's face seemed to be protruded94, because of its bent95 carriage. A forlorn, jailbird's face with a nobby forehead running back into a bald scalp, a crooked96 nose, and battered-looking cheekbones above which his eyes were fierce and watchful97. The cheeks were seamed, the mouth had a drawn-in look. Certainly it was his own face, but it seemed to him that it had changed more than he had changed inside. The emotions it registered would be different from the ones he felt. He had gone partially98 bald. For the first moment he had thought that he had gone grey as well, but it was only the scalp that was grey. Except for his hands and a circle of his face, his body was grey all over with ancient, ingrained dirt. Here and there under the dirt there were the red scars of wounds, and near the ankle the varicose ulcer99 was an inflamed100 mass with flakes101 of skin peeling off it. But the truly frightening thing was the emaciation102 of his body. The barrel of the ribs103 was as narrow as that of a skeleton: the legs had shrunk so that the knees were thicker than the thighs104. He saw now what O'Brien had meant about seeing the side view. The curvature of the spine105 was astonishing. The thin shoulders were hunched106 forward so as to make a cavity of the chest, the scraggy neck seemed to be bending double under the weight of the skull. At a guess he would have said that it was the body of a man of sixty, suffering from some malignant107 disease.

'You have thought sometimes,' said O'Brien, 'that my face -- the face of a member of the Inner Party -- looks old and worn. What do you think of your own face?'

He seized Winston's shoulder and spun108 him round so that he was facing him.

'Look at the condition you are in!' he said. 'Look at this filthy grime all over your body. Look at the dirt between your toes. Look at that disgusting running sore on your leg. Do you know that you stink109 like a goat? Probably you have ceased to notice it. Look at your emaciation. Do you see? I can make my thumb and forefinger110 meet round your bicep. I could snap your neck like a carrot. Do you know that you have lost twenty-five kilograms since you have been in our hands? Even your hair is coming out in handfuls. Look!' He plucked at Winston's head and brought away a tuft of hair. 'Open your mouth. Nine, ten, eleven teeth left. How many had you when you came to us? And the few you have left are dropping out of your head. Look here!'

He seized one of Winston's remaining front teeth between his powerful thumb and forefinger. A twinge of pain shot through Winston's jaw111. O'Brien had wrenched the loose tooth out by the roots. He tossed it across the cell.

'You are rotting away,' he said; 'you are falling to pieces. What are you? A bag of filth93. Now turn around and look into that mirror again. Do you see that thing facing you? That is the last man. If you are human, that is humanity. Now put your clothes on again.'

Winston began to dress himself with slow stiff movements. Until now he had not seemed to notice how thin and weak he was. Only one thought stirred in his mind: that he must have been in this place longer than he had imagined. Then suddenly as he fixed112 the miserable113 rags round himself a feeling of pity for his ruined body overcame him. Before he knew what he was doing he had collapsed114 on to a small stool that stood beside the bed and burst into tears. He was aware of his ugliness, his gracelessness, a bundle of bones in filthy underclothes sitting weeping in the harsh white light: but he could not stop himself. O'Brien laid a hand on his shoulder, almost kindly115.

'It will not last for ever,' he said. 'You can escape from it whenever you choose. Everything depends on yourself.'

'You did it!' sobbed116 Winston. 'You reduced me to this state.'

'No, Winston, you reduced yourself to it. This is what you accepted when you set yourself up against the Party. It was all contained in that first act. Nothing has happened that you did not foresee.'

He paused, and then went on:

'We have beaten you, Winston. We have broken you up. You have seen what your body is like. Your mind is in the same state. I do not think there can be much pride left in you. You have been kicked and flogged and insulted, you have screamed with pain, you have rolled on the floor in your own blood and vomit117. You have whimpered for mercy, you have betrayed everybody and everything. Can you think of a single degradation that has not happened to you?'

Winston had stopped weeping, though the tears were still oozing118 out of his eyes. He looked up at O'Brien.

'I have not betrayed Julia,' he said.

O'Brien looked down at him thoughtfully. 'No,' he said; 'no; that is perfectly119 true. You have not betrayed Julia.'

The peculiar120 reverence121 for O'Brien, which nothing seemed able to destroy, flooded Winston's heart again. How intelligent, he thought, how intelligent! Never did O'Brien fail to understand what was said to him. Anyone else on earth would have answered promptly122 that he had betrayed Julia. For what was there that they had not screwed out of him under the torture? He had told them everything he knew about her, her habits, her character, her past life; he had confessed in the most trivial detail everything that had happened at their meetings, all that he had said to her and she to him, their black-market meals, their adulteries, their vague plottings against the Party -- everything. And yet, in the sense in which he intended the word, he had not betrayed her. He had not stopped loving her; his feelings towards her had remained the same. O'Brien had seen what he meant without the need for explanation.

'Tell me,' he said, 'how soon will they shoot me?'

'It might be a long time,' said O'Brien. 'You are a difficult case. But don't give up hope. Everyone is cured sooner or later. In the end we shall shoot you.'

 

“你的改造分三个阶段,”奥勃良说,“学习、理解、接受。现在你该进入第二阶段了。”

温斯顿又是仰卧在床上。不过最近绑带比较松了。他仍给绑在床上,不过膝盖可以稍作移动,脑袋可以左右转动,从手肘以下,可以举起手来。那个仪表也不那么可怕了。只要他脑筋转得快一些,就可以避免吃苦头。主要是在他脑筋不灵的时候,奥勃良才扳杠杆。有时他们谈一次话没有用过一次仪表。他记不得他们已经谈过几次了。整个过程似乎拖得很长,时间也无限,可能有好几个星期,每次谈话与下次谈话之间有时可能间隔几天,有时只有一两小时。

“你躺在那里,”奥勃良说,“你常常纳闷,而且你甚至问过我,为什么友爱部要在你身上化这么多的时间,费这么大的劲。当初你自由的时候,你也因基本上同样的问题而感到不解。你能够理解你所生活的社会的运转,但是你不理解它的根本动机。你还记得你曾经在日记上写过,‘我知道方法;但我不知道原因?’就是在你想‘原因’的时候,你对自己神志是否健全产生了怀疑。你已经读了那本书,果尔德施坦团的书,至少读过它的一部分。它有没有告诉你一些你原来不知道的东西?”

“你读过吗?”温斯顿问。

“是我写的。这是说,是我参加合写的。你也知道,没有一本书是单个人写的。”

“书里说的是不是真实的?”

“作为描写,是真实的。但它所提出的纲领是胡说八道。

秘密积累知识,逐渐扩大启蒙,最后发生无产阶级造反,推翻党。你不看也知道它要这样说。这都是胡说八道。无产阶级永远不会造反,一千年,一百万年也不会。他们不能造反。我无需把原因告诉你;你自己已经知道了。如果你曾经梦想过发生暴力起义,那你就抛弃这个梦想吧。没有办法推翻党。党的统治是永远的。把这当作你的思想的出发点。”

他向床边走近一些。“永远这样!”他重复说。“现在再回到‘方法’和‘原因’问题上来。你很了解党维持当权的‘方法’。

现在请告诉我,我们要坚持当权的‘原因’。我们的动机是什么?我们为什么要当权?说吧,”他见温斯顿沉默不语就说。

但是温斯顿还是继续沉默了一两分钟。他感到一阵厌倦。奥勃良的脸上又隐隐出现了一种狂热的神情。他知道奥勃良会说些什么:党并不是为了自己的目的而要当权,而只是为了大多数人的利益。它要权力是因为群众都是软弱的、怯懦的可怜虫,既不知如何运用自由,也不知正视真理,必须由比他们强有力的人来加以统治,进行有计划的哄骗。人类面前的选择是自由或幸福,对大多数人类来说,选择幸福更好一些。党是弱者的永恒监护人,是为了使善可能到来才作恶的一个专心一致的派系,为了别人的幸福而牺牲自己的幸福。温斯顿心里想,可怕的是,奥勃良这么说的时候,他就会相信他。你可以从他脸上看出来。奥勃良什么都知道。

比温斯顿好过一千倍,他知道世界究竟是怎么一回事,人类生活堕落到了什么程度,党用什么谎话和野蛮手段使他们处在那种地位。他完全明白的这一切,加以权衡,但这都无关重要,因为为了最终目的,一切手段都是正当的。温斯顿心里想,对于这样一个疯子,他比你聪明,他心平气和地听了你的论点,但是仍坚持他的疯狂,你有什么办法呢?

“你们是为了我们自己的好处而统治我们,”他软弱地说,“你们认为人类不能自己管理自己,因此——”他惊了一下,几乎要叫出声来。他的全身一阵痛。奥勃良扳了杠杆,仪表的指针升到了三十五。

“真愚蠢,温斯顿,真愚蠢!”他说。“按你的水平,你不应该说这么一句话。”

他把杠杆扳回来,继续说:

“现在让我来告诉你,我的问题的答复是什么。答复是:

党要当权完全是为了它自己。我们对别人的好处并没有兴趣。我们只对权力有兴趣。不论财富、奢侈、长寿或者幸福,我们都没有兴趣,只对权力,纯粹的权力有兴趣。纯粹的权力是什么意思,你马上就会知道。我们与以往的所有寡头政体都不同,那是在于我们知道自己在干什么。所有其他寡头政治家,即使那些同我们相象的人,也都是些懦夫和伪君子。德国的纳粹党人和俄国的共产党人在方法上同我们很相象,但是他们从来没有勇气承认自己的动机。他们假装,或许他们甚至相信,他们夺取权力不是出于自愿,只是为了一个有限的时期,不久就会出现一个人人都自由平等的天堂。

我们可不是那样。我们很明白,没有人会为了废除权力而夺取权力。权力不是手段,权力是目的。建立专政不是为了保卫革命;反过来进行革命是为了建立专政。迫害的目的是迫害。拷打的目的是拷打。权力的目的是权力。现在你开始懂得我的意思了吧?”

奥勃良的疲倦的脸象以往一样使温斯顿感到很触目。这张脸坚强、肥厚、残忍,充满智慧,既有激情,又有节制,使他感到毫无办法,但是这张脸是疲倦的脸。眼眶下面有皱纹,双颊的皮肉松弛。奥勃良俯在他的头上,有意让他久经沧桑的脸移得更近一些。

“你在想,”他说,“我的脸又老又疲倦。你在想,我在侈谈权力,却没有办法防止我自己身体的衰老。温斯顿,难道你不明白,个人只是一个细胞?一个细胞的衰变正是机体的活力。你把指甲剪掉的时候难道你就死了吗?”

他从床边走开,又开始来回踱步,一只手放在口袋里。

“我们是权力的祭师,”他说,“上帝是权力。不过在目前,对你来说,权力不过是个字眼。现在你应该对权力的含义有所了解。你必须明白的第一件事情是,权力是集体的。

个人只是在停止作为个人的时候才有权力。你知道党的口号‘自由即奴役’。你有没有想到过这句口号是可以颠倒过来的?奴役即自由。一个人在单独和自由的时候总是要被打败的。所以必然如此,是因为人都必死,这是最大的失败。但是如果他能完全绝对服从,如果他能摆脱个人存在,如果他能与党打成一片而做到他就是党,党就是他,那么他就是全能的、永远不朽。你要明白的第二件事情是,所谓权力乃是对人的权力,是对身体,尤其是对思想的权力,对物质——

你们所说的外部现实——的权力并不重要。我们对物质的控制现在已经做到了绝对的程度。”

温斯顿一时没有去注意仪表。他猛地想坐了起来,结果只是徒然感到一阵痛而已。

“但是你怎么能够控制物质呢?”他叫出声来道。“你们连气候或者地心吸力都还没法控制。而且还有疾病、痛苦、死亡——”奥勃良摆一摆手,叫他别说话。“我们所以能够控制物质,是因为我们控制了思想。现实存在于脑袋里。温斯顿,你会慢慢明白的。我们没有做不到的事情。隐身、升空——什么都行。只要我愿意,我可以象肥皂泡一样,在这间屋子里飘浮起来。我不愿意这么做是因为党不愿意我这么做。这种十九世纪式的自然规律观念,你必须把它们丢掉。自然规律是由我们来规定的。”

“但是你们并没有!你们甚至还没有成为地球的主人!

不是还有欧亚国和东亚国吗?你们还没有征服它们?”

“这无关重要。到了合适的时候都要征服。即使不征服,又有什么不同?我们可以否定它们的存在。大洋国就是世界。”

“但是世界本身只是一粒尘埃。而人是渺小的——毫无作为。人类存在多久了?有好几百万年地球上是没有人迹的。”

“胡说八道。地球的年代同人类一样长久,一点也不比人类更久。怎么可能比人类更久呢?除了通过人的意识,什么都不存在。”

“但是岩石里尽是已经绝迹的动物的骨骼化石——在人类出现以前很久在地球上生活过猛犸、柱牙象和庞大的爬行动物。”

“你自己看到过这种骨骼化石吗,温斯顿?当然没有。

这是十九世纪生物学家捏造出来的。在人类出现以前什么都不存在。在人类绝迹后——如果人类有一天会绝迹的话——

也没有什么会再存在。在人类之外没有别的东西存在。”

“但是整个宇宙是在我们之外。看那星星!有些是在一百万光年之外。它们在我们永远及不到的地方。”

“星星是什么?”奥勃良冷淡地说。“它们不过是几公里以外的光点。我们只要愿意就可以到那里。我们也可以把它们抹掉。地球是宇宙的中心。太阳和星星绕地球而转。”

温斯顿又挣扎了一下。这次他没有说什么。奥勃良继续说下去,好象在回答对方说出来的反对意见。

“为了一定目的,这话当然是不确的。比如我们在大海上航行的时候,或者在预测日食月食的时候,我们常常发现,假设地球绕太阳而转,星星远在亿万公里之外,这样比较方便。但这又怎样呢?难道你以为我们不能创造一种双重的天文学体系吗?星星可以近,也可以远,视我们需要而定。你以为我们的数学家做不到这一点吗?难道你忘掉了双重思想?”

温斯顿在床上一缩。不论他说什么,对方迅速的回答就象给他打了一下闷棍一样。但是他知道自己明白他是对的。

认为你自己思想以外不存在任何事物,这种想法肯定是有什么办法能够证明是不确的。不是早已揭露过这是一种谬论吗?甚至还有一个名称,不过他已记不起来了。奥勃良低头看着温斯顿,嘴角上飘起一丝嘲意。

“我告诉过你,温斯顿,”他说,“形而上学不是你的所长。你在想的一个名词叫唯我论。可是你错了。这不是唯我论。这是集体唯我论。不过这是另外一回事。完全不同的一回事,可以说是相反的一回事。不过这都是题外话。”他又换了口气说。“真正的权力,我们日日夜夜为之奋战的权力,不是控制事物的权力,而是控制人的权力。”他停了下来,又恢复了一种教训聪颖儿童的教师神情:“温斯顿,一个人是怎样对另外一个人发挥权力的?”

温斯顿想了一想说:“通过使另外一个人受苦。”

“说得不错。通过使另外一个人受苦。光是服从还不够。

他不受苦,你怎么知道他在服从你的意志,不是他自己的意志?权力就在于给人带来痛苦和耻辱。权力就在于把人类思想撕得粉碎,然后按你自己所选择的样子把它再粘合起来。那么,你是不是开始明白我们要创建的是怎样一种世界?这种世界与老派改革家所设想的那种愚蠢的、享乐主义的乌托邦正好相反。这是一个恐惧、叛卖、折磨的世界,一个践踏和被践踏的世界,一个在臻于完善的过程中越来越无情的世界。

我们这个世界里,所谓进步就是朝向越来越多痛苦的进步。

以前的各种文明以建筑在博爱和正义上相标榜。我们建筑在仇恨上。在我们的世界里,除了恐惧、狂怒、得意、自贬以外,没有别的感情。其他一切都要摧毁。我们现在已经摧毁了革命前遗留下来的思想习惯。我们割断了子女与父母、人与人、男人与女人之间的联系;没有人再敢信任妻子、儿女、朋友。而且在将来,不再有妻子或朋友。子女一生下来就要脱离母亲,好象蛋一生下来就从母鸡身边取走一样、性的本能要消除掉。生殖的事要弄得象发配给证一样成为一年一度的手续形式。我们要消灭掉性的快感。我们的神经病学家正在研究这个问题。除了对党忠诚以外,没有其他忠诚。

除了爱老大哥以外,没有其他的爱。除了因打败敌人而笑以外,没有其他的笑。不再有艺术,不再有文学,不再有科学。我们达到万能以后就不需要科学了。美与丑中再有区别。不再有好奇心,不再有生命过程的应用。一切其他乐趣都要消灭掉。但是,温斯顿,请你不要忘了,对于权力的沉醉,却永远存在,而且不断地增长,不断地越来越细腻。每时每刻,永远有胜利的欢悦,践踏束手待毙的敌人的快感。

如果你要设想一幅未来的图景,就想象一只脚踩在一张人脸上好了——永远如此。”

他停了下来等温斯顿说话。温斯顿又想钻到床底下去。

他说不出话来。他的心脏似乎冰冻住了。奥勃良继续说:

“请记住,这是永远如此。那张脸永远在那里给你践踏。

异端分子、社会公敌永远在那里,可以一而再再而三地打败他们,羞辱他们。你落到我们手中以后所经历的一切,会永远继续下去,而且只有更厉害。间谍活动、叛党卖国、逮捕拷打、处决灭迹,这种事情永远不会完。这个世界不仅是个胜利的世界,也同样是个恐怖的世界。党越有力量,就越不能容忍;反对力量越弱,专制暴政就越严。果尔德施坦因及其异端邪说将永远存在。他们无时无刻不受到攻击、取笑、辱骂、唾弃,但是他们总是仍旧存在。我在这七年中同你演出的这出戏将一代又一代永远一而再再而三地演下去,不过形式更加巧妙而已。我们总是要把异端分子提到这里来听我们的摆布,叫痛求饶,意气消沉,可卑可耻,最后痛悔前非,自动地爬到我们脚下来。这就是我们在制造的一个世界,温斯顿。一个胜利接着一个胜利的世界,没完没了地压迫着权力的神经。我可以看出,你已经开始明白这个世界将是什么样子。但是到最后,你会不止明白而已。你还会接受它,欢迎它,成为它的一部分。”

温斯顿从震惊中恢复过来一些,有气无力地说:“你们不能这样!”

“温斯顿,你这话是什么意思?”

“你们不可能创造一个象你刚才介绍的那样的世界,这是梦想,不可能实现。”

“为什么?”

“因为不可能把文明建筑在恐惧、仇恨和残酷上。这种文明永远不能持久。”

“为什么不能?”

“它不会有生命力。它会分崩离析。它会自找毁灭。”

“胡说八道。你以为仇恨比爱更消耗人的精力。为什么会是这样?即使如此,又有什么关系?假定我们就是要使自已衰亡得更快。假定我们就是要加速人生的速度,使得人满三十就衰老。那又有什么关系呢?你难道不明白,个人的死不是死?党是永生不朽的?”

象刚才一样,一番话把温斯顿说得哑口无言。此外,他也担心,如果他坚持己见,奥勃良会开动仪表。但是他又不能沉默不语。于是他有气无力地又采取了攻势,只是没有什么强有力的论据,除了对奥勃良刚才的一番话感到说不出来的惊恐之外,没有任何其他的后盾。

“我不知道——我也不管。反正你们会失败的。你们会遭到打败的。生活会打败你们。”

“我们控制着生活的一切方面,温斯顿。你在幻想,有什么叫做人性的东西,会因为我们的所作所为而感到愤慨,起来反对我们。但是人性是我们创造的。人的伸缩性无限大。你也许又想到无产阶级或者奴隶会起来推翻我们。快别作此想。他们象牲口一样一点也没有办法。党就是人性。其他都是外在的——无足轻重。”

“我不管。他们最后会打败你们。他们迟早会看清你们的面目,那时他们会把你们打得粉碎。”

“你看到什么迹象能说明这样的事情快要发生了吗?或者有什么理由吗?”

“没有。但是我相信。我知道你们会失败。宇宙之中反正有什么东西——我不知道是精神,还是原则——是你们所无法胜过的。”

“你相信上帝吗,温斯顿?”

“不相信。”

“那么那个会打败我们的原则又是什么呢?”

“我不知道。人的精神。”

“你认为自已是个人吗?”

“是的。”

“如果你是人,温斯顿,那你就是最后一个人了。你那种人已经绝迹;我们是后来的新人。你不明白你是孤家寡人?你处在历史之外,你不存在。”他的态度改变了,口气更加严厉了:“你以为我们撒谎,我们残酷,因此你在精神上比我们优越?”

“是的,我认为我优越。”

奥勃良没有说话。有另外两个声音在说话。过了一会儿,温斯顿听出其中一个声音就是他自己的声音。那是他参加兄弟会那个晚上同奥勃良谈话的录音带。他听到他自己答应要说谎、盗窃、伪造、杀人、鼓励吸毒和卖淫、散布梅毒、向孩子脸上浇镪水。奥勃良做了一个小手势,似乎是说不值得放这录音。他于是关上电门,说话声音就中断了。

“起床吧,”他说。

绑带自动松开,温斯顿下了地,不稳地站起来。

“你是最后一个人,”奥勃良说。“你是人类精神的监护人。你看看自己是什么样子。把衣服脱掉。”

温斯顿把扎住工作服的一根绳子解开。拉练早已取走了。他记不得被捕以后有没有脱光过衣服。工作服下面,他的身上是些肮脏发黄的破片,勉强可以看出来原来是内衣。

他把它们脱下来扔到地上时,看到屋子那头有一个三面镜。

他走过去,半路上就停住了。嘴里不禁惊叫出声。

“过去,”奥勃良说,“站在两面镜子中间,你就也可以看到侧面。”

他停下来是因为他吓坏了。他看到一个死灰色的骷髅一样的人体弯着腰向他走近来。样子非常怕人,这不仅仅是因为他知道这人就是他自己。他走得距镜子更近一些。那人的脑袋似乎向前突出,那是因为身子佝偻的缘故。他的脸是个绝望无援的死囚的脸,额角高突,头顶光秃,尖尖的鼻子,沉陷的双颊,上面两只眼睛却灼灼发亮,凝视着对方。

满脸都是皱纹,嘴巴塌陷。这毫无疑问是他自己的脸,但是他觉得变化好象比他内心的变化更大。它所表现的感情不是他内心感到的感情。他的头发已有一半秃光了,他起先以为自已头发也发白了,但是发白的是他的头皮。除了他的双手和脸上一圈以外,他全身发灰,污秽不堪。污垢的下面到处还有红色的疮疤,脚踝上的静脉曲张已溃疡成一片,皮肤一层一层掉下来。但是最吓人的还是身体羸弱的程度。胸口肋骨突出,与骷髅一样,大腿瘦得还不如膝盖粗。他现在明白了为什么奥勃良叫他看一看侧面。他的脊梁弯曲得怕人。瘦骨嶙嶙的双肩向前弯着。胸口深陷,皮包骨的脖子似乎吃不消脑袋的重压。如果叫他猜,他一定估计这是一个患有慢性痼疾的六十老翁的躯体。

“你有时想,”奥勃良说,“我的脸——核心党党员的脸——老而疲惫。你对自己的脸有什么想法?”

他抓住温斯顿,把他转过身来正对着自己。

“你瞧瞧自己成了什么样子!”他说。“你瞧瞧自已身上的这些污垢!你脚趾缝中的污垢。你脚上的烂疮。你知道自己臭得象头猪吗?也许你已经不再注意到了。瞧你这副消瘦的样子。你看到吗?你的胳膊还不如我的大拇指和食指合拢来的圈儿那么粗。我可以把你的脖子掐断,同折断一根胡萝卜一样,不费吹灰之力。你知道吗,你落到我们手中以后已经掉了二十五公斤?甚至你的头发也一把一把地掉。瞧!”他一揪温斯顿的头发,就掉下一把来。“张开嘴。还剩九颗、十颗、十一颗牙齿。你来的时候有几颗?剩下的几颗随时可掉。瞧!”

他用大拇指和食指有力地板住温斯顿剩下的一颗门牙。

温斯顿上颚一阵痛。奥勃良已把那颗门牙扳了下来,扔在地上。

“你已经在烂掉了,”他说,“你已经在崩溃了。你是什么?一堆垃圾。现在再转过去瞧瞧镜子里面。你见到你面前的东西吗?那就是最后的一个人。如果你是人,那就是人性。把衣服穿上吧。”

温斯顿手足迟钝地慢慢把衣服穿上。他到现在为止都从来没有想到过自己这么瘦弱。他的心中只有一个想法:他落在这个虎穴里一定比他所想象的时间还要久。他把这些破烂衣服穿上身后,对于自己被糟蹋的身体不禁感到一阵悲痛。他突然坐在床边的一把小板凳上放声哭了起来。他明知自已极不雅观,破布包扎的一把骨头佐了裘莉亚。他有什么东西在拷打之下没有说出来呢?他把他所知道的有关她的情况告诉了他们:她的习惯、她的性格、她过去的生活;他极其详细地交代了他们幽会时所发生的一切、相互之间所说的话、黑市买卖、通奸、反党的密谋——一切的一切!然而,按照他的本意所用的词来说,他没有出卖她。

他没有停止爱她;他对她的感情依然如旧。奥勃良明白他的意思,不需要任何解释。

“告诉我,”他问道,“他们什么时候枪毙我?”

“可能要过很久,”奥勃良说,“你是个老大难问题。不过不要放弃希望。迟早一切总会治愈的。最后我们就会枪毙你。”


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 ration CAxzc     
n.定量(pl.)给养,口粮;vt.定量供应
参考例句:
  • The country cut the bread ration last year.那个国家去年削减面包配给量。
  • We have to ration the water.我们必须限量用水。
2 evade evade     
vt.逃避,回避;避开,躲避
参考例句:
  • He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
  • You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人,你怎么能对这个问题不置可否?
3 pangs 90e966ce71191d0a90f6fec2265e2758     
突然的剧痛( pang的名词复数 ); 悲痛
参考例句:
  • She felt sudden pangs of regret. 她突然感到痛悔不已。
  • With touching pathos he described the pangs of hunger. 他以极具感伤力的笔触描述了饥饿的痛苦。
4 pang OKixL     
n.剧痛,悲痛,苦闷
参考例句:
  • She experienced a sharp pang of disappointment.她经历了失望的巨大痛苦。
  • She was beginning to know the pang of disappointed love.她开始尝到了失恋的痛苦。
5 intervals f46c9d8b430e8c86dea610ec56b7cbef     
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息
参考例句:
  • The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴,有阵雨。
  • Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。
6 ministry kD5x2     
n.(政府的)部;牧师
参考例句:
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
7 expend Fmwx6     
vt.花费,消费,消耗
参考例句:
  • Don't expend all your time on such a useless job.不要把时间消耗在这种无用的工作上。
  • They expend all their strength in trying to climb out.他们费尽全力想爬出来。
8 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上
参考例句:
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
9 underlying 5fyz8c     
adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的
参考例句:
  • The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
  • This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。
10 motive GFzxz     
n.动机,目的;adv.发动的,运动的
参考例句:
  • The police could not find a motive for the murder.警察不能找到谋杀的动机。
  • He had some motive in telling this fable.他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。
11 motives 6c25d038886898b20441190abe240957     
n.动机,目的( motive的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • to impeach sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机
  • His motives are unclear. 他的用意不明。
12 sanity sCwzH     
n.心智健全,神智正常,判断正确
参考例句:
  • I doubt the sanity of such a plan.我怀疑这个计划是否明智。
  • She managed to keep her sanity throughout the ordeal.在那场磨难中她始终保持神志正常。
13 collaborated c49a4f9c170cb7c268fccb474f5f0d4f     
合作( collaborate的过去式和过去分词 ); 勾结叛国
参考例句:
  • We have collaborated on many projects over the years. 这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。
  • We have collaborated closely with the university on this project. 我们与大学在这个专案上紧密合作。
14 dual QrAxe     
adj.双的;二重的,二元的
参考例句:
  • The people's Republic of China does not recognize dual nationality for any Chinese national.中华人民共和国不承认中国公民具有双重国籍。
  • He has dual role as composer and conductor.他兼作曲家及指挥的双重身分。
15 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
16 overthrow PKDxo     
v.推翻,打倒,颠覆;n.推翻,瓦解,颠覆
参考例句:
  • After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后,这个国家处于混乱中。
  • The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。
17 overthrown 1e19c245f384e53a42f4faa000742c18     
adj. 打翻的,推倒的,倾覆的 动词overthrow的过去分词
参考例句:
  • The president was overthrown in a military coup. 总统在军事政变中被赶下台。
  • He has overthrown the basic standards of morality. 他已摒弃了基本的道德标准。
18 frail yz3yD     
adj.身体虚弱的;易损坏的
参考例句:
  • Mrs. Warner is already 96 and too frail to live by herself.华纳太太已经九十六岁了,身体虚弱,不便独居。
  • She lay in bed looking particularly frail.她躺在床上,看上去特别虚弱。
19 systematically 7qhwn     
adv.有系统地
参考例句:
  • This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
  • The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。
20 guardian 8ekxv     
n.监护人;守卫者,保护者
参考例句:
  • The form must be signed by the child's parents or guardian. 这张表格须由孩子的家长或监护人签字。
  • The press is a guardian of the public weal. 报刊是公共福利的卫护者。
21 dedicated duHzy2     
adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的
参考例句:
  • He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
  • His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
22 sect 1ZkxK     
n.派别,宗教,学派,派系
参考例句:
  • When he was sixteen he joined a religious sect.他16岁的时候加入了一个宗教教派。
  • Each religious sect in the town had its own church.该城每一个宗教教派都有自己的教堂。
23 degradation QxKxL     
n.降级;低落;退化;陵削;降解;衰变
参考例句:
  • There are serious problems of land degradation in some arid zones.在一些干旱地带存在严重的土地退化问题。
  • Gambling is always coupled with degradation.赌博总是与堕落相联系。
24 justified 7pSzrk     
a.正当的,有理的
参考例句:
  • She felt fully justified in asking for her money back. 她认为有充分的理由要求退款。
  • The prisoner has certainly justified his claims by his actions. 那个囚犯确实已用自己的行动表明他的要求是正当的。
25 entirely entirely     
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
  • His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
26 solely FwGwe     
adv.仅仅,唯一地
参考例句:
  • Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
  • The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。
27 oligarchies b6bbc04c4f653597e075f83a08f7bacf     
n.寡头统治的政府( oligarchy的名词复数 );寡头政治的执政集团;寡头统治的国家
参考例句:
  • All past oligarchies have fallen from power either because they ossified or because they grew soft. 过去所有的寡头政体所以丧失权力,或者是由于自己僵化,或者是由于软化。 来自英汉文学
28 Nazis 39168f65c976085afe9099ea0411e9a5     
n.(德国的)纳粹党员( Nazi的名词复数 );纳粹主义
参考例句:
  • The Nazis worked them over with gun butts. 纳粹分子用枪托毒打他们。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The Nazis were responsible for the mass murder of Jews during World War Ⅱ. 纳粹必须为第二次世界大战中对犹太人的大屠杀负责。 来自《简明英汉词典》
29 unwillingly wjjwC     
adv.不情愿地
参考例句:
  • He submitted unwillingly to his mother. 他不情愿地屈服于他母亲。
  • Even when I call, he receives unwillingly. 即使我登门拜访,他也是很不情愿地接待我。
30 relinquishing d60b179a088fd85348d2260d052c492a     
交出,让给( relinquish的现在分词 ); 放弃
参考例句:
  • The international relinquishing of sovereignty would have to spring from the people. 在国际间放弃主权一举要由人民提出要求。
  • We know that no one ever seizes power with the intention of relinquishing it. 我们很明白,没有人会为了废除权力而夺取权力。 来自英汉文学
31 persecution PAnyA     
n. 迫害,烦扰
参考例句:
  • He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
  • Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。
32 brutal bSFyb     
adj.残忍的,野蛮的,不讲理的
参考例句:
  • She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
  • They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼,骨子里却是野蛮残忍。
33 pouches 952990a5cdea03f7970c486d570c7d8e     
n.(放在衣袋里或连在腰带上的)小袋( pouch的名词复数 );(袋鼠等的)育儿袋;邮袋;(某些动物贮存食物的)颊袋
参考例句:
  • Pouches are a peculiarity of marsupials. 腹袋是有袋动物的特色。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Under my eyes the pouches were heavy. 我眼睛下的眼袋很深。 来自《简明英汉词典》
34 sagged 4efd2c4ac7fe572508b0252e448a38d0     
下垂的
参考例句:
  • The black reticule sagged under the weight of shapeless objects. 黑色的拎包由于装了各种形状的东西而中间下陷。
  • He sagged wearily back in his chair. 他疲倦地瘫坐到椅子上。
35 deliberately Gulzvq     
adv.审慎地;蓄意地;故意地
参考例句:
  • The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
  • They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。
36 vigour lhtwr     
(=vigor)n.智力,体力,精力
参考例句:
  • She is full of vigour and enthusiasm.她有热情,有朝气。
  • At 40,he was in his prime and full of vigour.他40岁时正年富力强。
37 doomed EuuzC1     
命定的
参考例句:
  • The court doomed the accused to a long term of imprisonment. 法庭判处被告长期监禁。
  • A country ruled by an iron hand is doomed to suffer. 被铁腕人物统治的国家定会遭受不幸的。
38 submission lUVzr     
n.服从,投降;温顺,谦虚;提出
参考例句:
  • The defeated general showed his submission by giving up his sword.战败将军缴剑表示投降。
  • No enemy can frighten us into submission.任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。
39 merge qCpxF     
v.(使)结合,(使)合并,(使)合为一体
参考例句:
  • I can merge my two small businesses into a large one.我可以将我的两家小商店合并为一家大商行。
  • The directors have decided to merge the two small firms together.董事们已决定把这两家小商号归并起来。
40 immortal 7kOyr     
adj.不朽的;永生的,不死的;神的
参考例句:
  • The wild cocoa tree is effectively immortal.野生可可树实际上是不会死的。
  • The heroes of the people are immortal!人民英雄永垂不朽!
41 wrenching 30892474a599ed7ca0cbef49ded6c26b     
n.修截苗根,苗木铲根(铲根时苗木不起土或部分起土)v.(猛力地)扭( wrench的现在分词 );扭伤;使感到痛苦;使悲痛
参考例句:
  • China has been through a wrenching series of changes and experiments. 中国经历了一系列艰苦的变革和试验。 来自辞典例句
  • A cold gust swept across her exposed breast, wrenching her back to reality. 一股寒气打击她的敞开的胸膛,把她从梦幻的境地中带了回来。 来自汉英文学 - 家(1-26) - 家(1-26)
42 skull CETyO     
n.头骨;颅骨
参考例句:
  • The skull bones fuse between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five.头骨在15至25岁之间长合。
  • He fell out of the window and cracked his skull.他从窗子摔了出去,跌裂了颅骨。
43 levitation levitation     
n.升空,漂浮;浮起
参考例句:
  • We are particularly interested in phenomena such as telepathy and levitation. 我们对心灵感应及空中漂浮这样的现象特别有兴趣。 来自辞典例句
  • This paper presents a magnetic levitation system control using the gain-scheduling controller. 本文以增益程序控制器针对磁浮系统进行控制。 来自互联网
44 speck sFqzM     
n.微粒,小污点,小斑点
参考例句:
  • I have not a speck of interest in it.我对它没有任何兴趣。
  • The sky is clear and bright without a speck of cloud.天空晴朗,一星星云彩也没有。
45 reptiles 45053265723f59bd84cf4af2b15def8e     
n.爬行动物,爬虫( reptile的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Snakes and crocodiles are both reptiles. 蛇和鳄鱼都是爬行动物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Birds, reptiles and insects come from eggs. 鸟类、爬虫及昆虫是卵生的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
46 blot wtbzA     
vt.弄脏(用吸墨纸)吸干;n.污点,污渍
参考例句:
  • That new factory is a blot on the landscape.那新建的工厂破坏了此地的景色。
  • The crime he committed is a blot on his record.他犯的罪是他的履历中的一个污点。
47 navigate 4Gyxu     
v.航行,飞行;导航,领航
参考例句:
  • He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。
  • Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。
48 mathematicians bca28c194cb123ba0303d3afafc32cb4     
数学家( mathematician的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Do you suppose our mathematicians are unequal to that? 你以为我们的数学家做不到这一点吗? 来自英汉文学
  • Mathematicians can solve problems with two variables. 数学家们可以用两个变数来解决问题。 来自哲学部分
49 twitched bb3f705fc01629dc121d198d54fa0904     
vt.& vi.(使)抽动,(使)颤动(twitch的过去式与过去分词形式)
参考例句:
  • Her lips twitched with amusement. 她忍俊不禁地颤动着嘴唇。
  • The child's mouth twitched as if she were about to cry. 这小孩的嘴抽动着,像是要哭。 来自《简明英汉词典》
50 promising BkQzsk     
adj.有希望的,有前途的
参考例句:
  • The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
  • We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。
51 obedience 8vryb     
n.服从,顺从
参考例句:
  • Society has a right to expect obedience of the law.社会有权要求人人遵守法律。
  • Soldiers act in obedience to the orders of their superior officers.士兵们遵照上级军官的命令行动。
52 inflicting 1c8a133a3354bfc620e3c8d51b3126ae     
把…强加给,使承受,遭受( inflict的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm. 他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。
  • It's impossible to do research without inflicting some pain on animals. 搞研究不让动物遭点罪是不可能的。
53 humiliation Jd3zW     
n.羞辱
参考例句:
  • He suffered the humiliation of being forced to ask for his cards.他蒙受了被迫要求辞职的羞辱。
  • He will wish to revenge his humiliation in last Season's Final.他会为在上个季度的决赛中所受的耻辱而报复的。
54 torment gJXzd     
n.折磨;令人痛苦的东西(人);vt.折磨;纠缠
参考例句:
  • He has never suffered the torment of rejection.他从未经受过遭人拒绝的痛苦。
  • Now nothing aggravates me more than when people torment each other.没有什么东西比人们的互相折磨更使我愤怒。
55 trampling 7aa68e356548d4d30fa83dc97298265a     
踩( trample的现在分词 ); 践踏; 无视; 侵犯
参考例句:
  • Diplomats denounced the leaders for trampling their citizens' civil rights. 外交官谴责这些领导人践踏其公民的公民权。
  • They don't want people trampling the grass, pitching tents or building fires. 他们不希望人们踩踏草坪、支帐篷或生火。
56 trampled 8c4f546db10d3d9e64a5bba8494912e6     
踩( trample的过去式和过去分词 ); 践踏; 无视; 侵犯
参考例句:
  • He gripped his brother's arm lest he be trampled by the mob. 他紧抓着他兄弟的胳膊,怕他让暴民踩着。
  • People were trampled underfoot in the rush for the exit. 有人在拼命涌向出口时被踩在脚下。
57 hatred T5Gyg     
n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨
参考例句:
  • He looked at me with hatred in his eyes.他以憎恨的眼光望着我。
  • The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists.老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。
58 eradicated 527fe74fc13c68501cfd202231063f4a     
画着根的
参考例句:
  • Polio has been virtually eradicated in Brazil. 在巴西脊髓灰质炎实际上已经根除。
  • The disease has been eradicated from the world. 这种疾病已在全世界得到根除。
59 renewal UtZyW     
adj.(契约)延期,续订,更新,复活,重来
参考例句:
  • Her contract is coming up for renewal in the autumn.她的合同秋天就应该续签了。
  • Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。
60 loyalty gA9xu     
n.忠诚,忠心
参考例句:
  • She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
  • His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。
61 omnipotent p5ZzZ     
adj.全能的,万能的
参考例句:
  • When we are omnipotent we shall have no more need of science.我们达到万能以后就不需要科学了。
  • Money is not omnipotent,but we can't survive without money.金钱不是万能的,但是没有金钱我们却无法生存。
62 enjoyment opaxV     
n.乐趣;享有;享用
参考例句:
  • Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同,我们这次访问更加愉快了。
  • After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话,这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。
63 intoxication qq7zL8     
n.wild excitement;drunkenness;poisoning
参考例句:
  • He began to drink, drank himself to intoxication, till he slept obliterated. 他一直喝,喝到他快要迷糊地睡着了。
  • Predator: Intoxication-Damage over time effect will now stack with other allies. Predator:Intoxication,持续性伤害的效果将会与队友相加。
64 humiliated 97211aab9c3dcd4f7c74e1101d555362     
感到羞愧的
参考例句:
  • Parents are humiliated if their children behave badly when guests are present. 子女在客人面前举止失当,父母也失体面。
  • He was ashamed and bitterly humiliated. 他感到羞耻,丢尽了面子。
65 espionage uiqzd     
n.间谍行为,谍报活动
参考例句:
  • The authorities have arrested several people suspected of espionage.官方已经逮捕了几个涉嫌从事间谍活动的人。
  • Neither was there any hint of espionage in Hanley's early life.汉利的早期生活也毫无进行间谍活动的迹象。
66 disappearances d9611c526014ee4771dbf9da7b347063     
n.消失( disappearance的名词复数 );丢失;失踪;失踪案
参考例句:
  • Most disappearances are the result of the terrorist activity. 大多数的失踪案都是恐怖分子造成的。 来自辞典例句
  • The espionage, the betrayals, the arrests, the tortures, the executions, the disappearances will never cease. 间谍活动、叛党卖国、逮捕拷打、处决灭迹,这种事情永远不会完。 来自英汉文学
67 opposition eIUxU     
n.反对,敌对
参考例句:
  • The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
  • The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。
68 heresies 0a3eb092edcaa207536be81dd3f23146     
n.异端邪说,异教( heresy的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • However, life would be pleasanter if Rhett would recant his heresies. 不过,如果瑞德放其他的那套异端邪说,生活就会惬意得多。 来自飘(部分)
  • The heresy of heresies was common sense. 一切异端当中顶大的异端——那便是常识。 来自英汉文学
69 discredited 94ada058d09abc9d4a3f8a5e1089019f     
不足信的,不名誉的
参考例句:
  • The reactionary authorities are between two fires and have been discredited. 反动当局弄得进退维谷,不得人心。
  • Her honour was discredited in the newspapers. 她的名声被报纸败坏了。
70 ridiculed 81e89e8e17fcf40595c6663a61115a91     
v.嘲笑,嘲弄,奚落( ridicule的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Biosphere 2 was ultimately ridiculed as a research debade, as exfravagant pseudoscience. 生物圈2号最终被讥讽为科研上的大失败,代价是昂贵的伪科学。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • She ridiculed his insatiable greed. 她嘲笑他的贪得无厌。 来自《简明英汉词典》
71 spat pFdzJ     
n.口角,掌击;v.发出呼噜呼噜声
参考例句:
  • Her parents always have spats.她的父母经常有些小的口角。
  • There is only a spat between the brother and sister.那只是兄妹间的小吵小闹。
72 contemptible DpRzO     
adj.可鄙的,可轻视的,卑劣的
参考例句:
  • His personal presence is unimpressive and his speech contemptible.他气貌不扬,言语粗俗。
  • That was a contemptible trick to play on a friend.那是对朋友玩弄的一出可鄙的把戏。
73 utterly ZfpzM1     
adv.完全地,绝对地
参考例句:
  • Utterly devoted to the people,he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民,把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
  • I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled.她的微笑使我完全陶醉了。
74 penitent wu9ys     
adj.后悔的;n.后悔者;忏悔者
参考例句:
  • They all appeared very penitent,and begged hard for their lives.他们一个个表示悔罪,苦苦地哀求饶命。
  • She is deeply penitent.她深感愧疚。
75 sufficiently 0htzMB     
adv.足够地,充分地
参考例句:
  • It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
  • The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。
76 vitality lhAw8     
n.活力,生命力,效力
参考例句:
  • He came back from his holiday bursting with vitality and good health.他度假归来之后,身强体壮,充满活力。
  • He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。
77 disintegrate ftmxi     
v.瓦解,解体,(使)碎裂,(使)粉碎
参考例句:
  • The older strata gradually disintegrate.较老的岩层渐渐风化。
  • The plane would probably disintegrate at that high speed.飞机以那么高速飞行也许会四分五裂。
78 tempo TqEy3     
n.(音乐的)速度;节奏,行进速度
参考例句:
  • The boss is unsatisfied with the tardy tempo.老板不满于这种缓慢的进度。
  • They waltz to the tempo of the music.他们跟着音乐的节奏跳华尔兹舞。
79 battered NyezEM     
adj.磨损的;v.连续猛击;磨损
参考例句:
  • He drove up in a battered old car.他开着一辆又老又破的旧车。
  • The world was brutally battered but it survived.这个世界遭受了惨重的创伤,但它还是生存下来了。
80 dread Ekpz8     
vt.担忧,忧虑;惧怕,不敢;n.担忧,畏惧
参考例句:
  • We all dread to think what will happen if the company closes.我们都不敢去想一旦公司关门我们该怎么办。
  • Her heart was relieved of its blankest dread.她极度恐惧的心理消除了。
81 outraged VmHz8n     
a.震惊的,义愤填膺的
参考例句:
  • Members of Parliament were outraged by the news of the assassination. 议会议员们被这暗杀的消息激怒了。
  • He was outraged by their behavior. 他们的行为使他感到愤慨。
82 infinitely 0qhz2I     
adv.无限地,无穷地
参考例句:
  • There is an infinitely bright future ahead of us.我们有无限光明的前途。
  • The universe is infinitely large.宇宙是无限大的。
83 malleable Qwdyo     
adj.(金属)可锻的;有延展性的;(性格)可训练的
参考例句:
  • Silver is the most malleable of all metals.银是延展性最好的金属。
  • Scientists are finding that the adult human brain is far more malleable than they once thought.科学家发现成人大脑的可塑性远超过他们之前认识到的。
84 irrelevant ZkGy6     
adj.不恰当的,无关系的,不相干的
参考例句:
  • That is completely irrelevant to the subject under discussion.这跟讨论的主题完全不相关。
  • A question about arithmetic is irrelevant in a music lesson.在音乐课上,一个数学的问题是风马牛不相及的。
85 enrolled ff7af27948b380bff5d583359796d3c8     
adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 );登记,招收,使入伍(或入会、入学等),参加,成为成员;记入名册;卷起,包起
参考例句:
  • They have been studying hard from the moment they enrolled. 从入学时起,他们就一直努力学习。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He enrolled with an employment agency for a teaching position. 他在职业介绍所登了记以谋求一个教师的职位。 来自《简明英汉词典》
86 brotherhood 1xfz3o     
n.兄弟般的关系,手中情谊
参考例句:
  • They broke up the brotherhood.他们断绝了兄弟关系。
  • They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood.他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。
87 disseminate VtKxS     
v.散布;传播
参考例句:
  • We should disseminate science and promote the scientific spirit.普及科学知识,弘扬科学精神。
  • We sincerely welcome all countries to disseminate their languages in China.我们真诚地欢迎世界各国来华推广本国语言。
88 demonstration 9waxo     
n.表明,示范,论证,示威
参考例句:
  • His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
  • He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。
89 Undid 596b2322b213e046510e91f0af6a64ad     
v. 解开, 复原
参考例句:
  • The officer undid the flap of his holster and drew his gun. 军官打开枪套盖拔出了手枪。
  • He did wrong, and in the end his wrongs undid him. 行恶者终以其恶毁其身。
90 overalls 2mCz6w     
n.(复)工装裤;长罩衣
参考例句:
  • He is in overalls today.他今天穿的是工作裤。
  • He changed his overalls for a suit.他脱下工装裤,换上了一套西服。
91 wrenched c171af0af094a9c29fad8d3390564401     
v.(猛力地)扭( wrench的过去式和过去分词 );扭伤;使感到痛苦;使悲痛
参考例句:
  • The bag was wrenched from her grasp. 那只包从她紧握的手里被夺了出来。
  • He wrenched the book from her hands. 他从她的手中把书拧抢了过来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
92 filthy ZgOzj     
adj.卑劣的;恶劣的,肮脏的
参考例句:
  • The whole river has been fouled up with filthy waste from factories.整条河都被工厂的污秽废物污染了。
  • You really should throw out that filthy old sofa and get a new one.你真的应该扔掉那张肮脏的旧沙发,然后再去买张新的。
93 filth Cguzj     
n.肮脏,污物,污秽;淫猥
参考例句:
  • I don't know how you can read such filth.我不明白你怎么会去读这种淫秽下流的东西。
  • The dialogue was all filth and innuendo.这段对话全是下流的言辞和影射。
94 protruded ebe69790c4eedce2f4fb12105fc9e9ac     
v.(使某物)伸出,(使某物)突出( protrude的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The child protruded his tongue. 那小孩伸出舌头。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The creature's face seemed to be protruded, because of its bent carriage. 那人的脑袋似乎向前突出,那是因为身子佝偻的缘故。 来自英汉文学
95 bent QQ8yD     
n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的
参考例句:
  • He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
  • We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。
96 crooked xvazAv     
adj.弯曲的;不诚实的,狡猾的,不正当的
参考例句:
  • He crooked a finger to tell us to go over to him.他弯了弯手指,示意我们到他那儿去。
  • You have to drive slowly on these crooked country roads.在这些弯弯曲曲的乡间小路上你得慢慢开车。
97 watchful tH9yX     
adj.注意的,警惕的
参考例句:
  • The children played under the watchful eye of their father.孩子们在父亲的小心照看下玩耍。
  • It is important that health organizations remain watchful.卫生组织保持警惕是极为重要的。
98 partially yL7xm     
adv.部分地,从某些方面讲
参考例句:
  • The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
  • The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静,宵禁部分解除。
99 ulcer AHmyp     
n.溃疡,腐坏物
参考例句:
  • She had an ulcer in her mouth.她口腔出现溃疡。
  • A bacterium is identified as the cause for his duodenal ulcer.一种细菌被断定为造成他十二指肠溃疡的根源。
100 inflamed KqEz2a     
adj.发炎的,红肿的v.(使)变红,发怒,过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • His comments have inflamed teachers all over the country. 他的评论激怒了全国教师。
  • Her joints are severely inflamed. 她的关节严重发炎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
101 flakes d80cf306deb4a89b84c9efdce8809c78     
小薄片( flake的名词复数 ); (尤指)碎片; 雪花; 古怪的人
参考例句:
  • It's snowing in great flakes. 天下着鹅毛大雪。
  • It is snowing in great flakes. 正值大雪纷飞。
102 emaciation 6650f57546884c104ef74d23f59a8922     
n.消瘦,憔悴,衰弱
参考例句:
  • His face was hollowed out to the point of emaciation. 他的脸瘦削到了憔悴的地步。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • These photographs show extremes of obesity and emaciation. 这些照片展现了肥胖与消瘦两个极端。 来自《简明英汉词典》
103 ribs 24fc137444401001077773555802b280     
n.肋骨( rib的名词复数 );(船或屋顶等的)肋拱;肋骨状的东西;(织物的)凸条花纹
参考例句:
  • He suffered cracked ribs and bruising. 他断了肋骨还有挫伤。
  • Make a small incision below the ribs. 在肋骨下方切开一个小口。
104 thighs e4741ffc827755fcb63c8b296150ab4e     
n.股,大腿( thigh的名词复数 );食用的鸡(等的)腿
参考例句:
  • He's gone to London for skin grafts on his thighs. 他去伦敦做大腿植皮手术了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The water came up to the fisherman's thighs. 水没到了渔夫的大腿。 来自《简明英汉词典》
105 spine lFQzT     
n.脊柱,脊椎;(动植物的)刺;书脊
参考例句:
  • He broke his spine in a fall from a horse.他从马上跌下摔断了脊梁骨。
  • His spine developed a slight curve.他的脊柱有点弯曲。
106 hunched 532924f1646c4c5850b7c607069be416     
(常指因寒冷、生病或愁苦)耸肩弓身的,伏首前倾的
参考例句:
  • He sat with his shoulders hunched up. 他耸起双肩坐着。
  • Stephen hunched down to light a cigarette. 斯蒂芬弓着身子点燃一支烟。
107 malignant Z89zY     
adj.恶性的,致命的;恶意的,恶毒的
参考例句:
  • Alexander got a malignant slander.亚历山大受到恶意的诽谤。
  • He started to his feet with a malignant glance at Winston.他爬了起来,不高兴地看了温斯顿一眼。
108 spun kvjwT     
v.纺,杜撰,急转身
参考例句:
  • His grandmother spun him a yarn at the fire.他奶奶在火炉边给他讲故事。
  • Her skilful fingers spun the wool out to a fine thread.她那灵巧的手指把羊毛纺成了细毛线。
109 stink ZG5zA     
vi.发出恶臭;糟透,招人厌恶;n.恶臭
参考例句:
  • The stink of the rotten fish turned my stomach.腐烂的鱼臭味使我恶心。
  • The room has awful stink.那个房间散发着难闻的臭气。
110 forefinger pihxt     
n.食指
参考例句:
  • He pinched the leaf between his thumb and forefinger.他将叶子捏在拇指和食指之间。
  • He held it between the tips of his thumb and forefinger.他用他大拇指和食指尖拿着它。
111 jaw 5xgy9     
n.颚,颌,说教,流言蜚语;v.喋喋不休,教训
参考例句:
  • He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
  • A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。
112 fixed JsKzzj     
adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的
参考例句:
  • Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗?
  • Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定,我们就不应该随意改变。
113 miserable g18yk     
adj.悲惨的,痛苦的;可怜的,糟糕的
参考例句:
  • It was miserable of you to make fun of him.你取笑他,这是可耻的。
  • Her past life was miserable.她过去的生活很苦。
114 collapsed cwWzSG     
adj.倒塌的
参考例句:
  • Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
  • The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。
115 kindly tpUzhQ     
adj.和蔼的,温和的,爽快的;adv.温和地,亲切地
参考例句:
  • Her neighbours spoke of her as kindly and hospitable.她的邻居都说她和蔼可亲、热情好客。
  • A shadow passed over the kindly face of the old woman.一道阴影掠过老太太慈祥的面孔。
116 sobbed 4a153e2bbe39eef90bf6a4beb2dba759     
哭泣,啜泣( sob的过去式和过去分词 ); 哭诉,呜咽地说
参考例句:
  • She sobbed out the story of her son's death. 她哭诉着她儿子的死。
  • She sobbed out the sad story of her son's death. 她哽咽着诉说她儿子死去的悲惨经过。
117 vomit TL9zV     
v.呕吐,作呕;n.呕吐物,吐出物
参考例句:
  • They gave her salty water to make her vomit.他们给她喝盐水好让她吐出来。
  • She was stricken by pain and began to vomit.她感到一阵疼痛,开始呕吐起来。
118 oozing 6ce96f251112b92ca8ca9547a3476c06     
v.(浓液等)慢慢地冒出,渗出( ooze的现在分词 );使(液体)缓缓流出;(浓液)渗出,慢慢流出
参考例句:
  • Blood was oozing out of the wound on his leg. 血正从他腿上的伤口渗出来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The wound had not healed properly and was oozing pus. 伤口未真正痊瘉,还在流脓。 来自《简明英汉词典》
119 perfectly 8Mzxb     
adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
  • Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。
120 peculiar cinyo     
adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的
参考例句:
  • He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
  • He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。
121 reverence BByzT     
n.敬畏,尊敬,尊严;Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称;v.尊敬,敬畏,崇敬
参考例句:
  • He was a bishop who was held in reverence by all.他是一位被大家都尊敬的主教。
  • We reverence tradition but will not be fettered by it.我们尊重传统,但不被传统所束缚。
122 promptly LRMxm     
adv.及时地,敏捷地
参考例句:
  • He paid the money back promptly.他立即还了钱。
  • She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her.她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。


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