Chapter 13

1. Favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared; honour and great calamity¹, to be regarded as personal conditions (of the same kind).

2. What is meant by speaking thus of favour and disgrace? Disgrace is being in a low position (after the enjoyment² of favour). The getting that (favour) leads to the apprehension³ (of losing it), and the losing it leads to the fear of (still greater calamity):--this is what is meant by saying that favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared. And what is meant by saying that honour and great calamity are to be (similarly) regarded as personal conditions? What makes me liable to great calamity is my having the body (which I call myself); if I had not the body, what great calamity could come to me?

3. Therefore he who would administer the kingdom, honouring it as he honours his own person, may be employed to govern it, and he who would administer it with the love which he bears to his own person may be entrusted⁴ with it.

　　寵辱若惊，貴大患若身。
　　何謂寵辱若惊？寵為下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是謂寵辱若惊。
　　何謂貴大患若身？吾所以有大患者，為吾有身，及吾無身，吾有何患？
　　故貴以身為天下，若可寄天下；愛以身為天下，若可托天下。

【译文】
       得宠与受辱一样，都是对身心安宁的惊扰；重视大患等同于对身家的珍重。为什么说得宠也像受辱一样使人惊扰呢？因为：就其对人的惊扰程度而言，得宠更为下劣：得到它的时候为之惊喜难安，失去它的时候又为之惊慌恐惧，所以说得宠与受辱一样，都是对身心安宁的惊扰。为什么说重视大患等同于对身家的珍重呢？因为：我之所以会看重大患，是因为我有这个非顾虑大患不可的身家，如果我连这身家也置之度外，那么，还会有什么私已的大患可以干扰得了我呢？所以，像看重自己的身家一样看重天下的人，可以守护天下；像爱养自己的身家一样爱养天下的人，可以托付天下。

1 calamity   

n.灾害，祸患，不幸事件

参考例句：

• Even a greater natural calamity cannot daunt us. 再大的自然灾害也压不垮我们。
• The attack on Pearl Harbor was a crushing calamity.偷袭珍珠港(对美军来说)是一场毁灭性的灾难。

2 enjoyment   

n.乐趣；享有；享用

参考例句：

• Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。
• After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。

3 apprehension   

n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑

参考例句：

• There were still areas of doubt and her apprehension grew.有些地方仍然存疑，于是她越来越担心。
• She is a girl of weak apprehension.她是一个理解力很差的女孩。

4 entrusted   

v.委托，托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He entrusted the task to his nephew. 他把这任务托付给了他的侄儿。
• She was entrusted with the direction of the project. 她受委托负责这项计划。 来自《简明英汉词典》