Chapter 20

1. When we renounce¹ learning we have no troubles.
The (ready) 'yes,' and (flattering) 'yea;'--
Small is the difference they display.
But mark their issues, good and ill;--
What space the gulf² between shall fill? What all men fear is indeed to be feared; but how wide and without end is the range of questions (asking to be discussed)!

2. The multitude of men look satisfied and pleased; as if enjoying a full banquet, as if mounted on a tower in spring. I alone seem listless and still, my desires having as yet given no indication of their presence. I am like an infant which has not yet smiled. I look dejected and forlorn, as if I had no home to go to. The multitude of men all have enough and to spare. I alone seem to have lost everything. My mind is that of a stupid man; I am in a state of chaos³. Ordinary men look bright and intelligent, while I alone seem to be benighted⁴. They look full of discrimination, while I alone am dull and confused. I seem to be carried about as on the sea, drifting as if I had nowhere to rest. All men have their spheres of action, while I alone seem dull and incapable⁵, like a rude borderer. (Thus) I alone am different from other men, but I value the nursing-mother (the Tao).

        绝学，无忧。
        唯之与阿，相去几何？
        美之与恶，相去何若？
       人之所畏，不可不畏？
　　   荒兮其未央哉！
       众人熙熙，如享太牢，如春登台。
       我独泊兮其未兆，如婴儿之未孩，傫傫兮，若无所归。
       众人皆有余，而我独若遗。
       我愚人之心也哉，沌沌兮！
       俗人昭昭，我独昏昏。
       俗人察察，我独闷闷。
       澹兮其若海，飂兮若无止。
       众人皆有以，而我独顽似鄙。
       我独异于人，而贵食母。

【译文】
       抛弃显学成见等路况知识，可以无忧在途。

       那些去应诺附从的与那些去呵斥抗拮的，能有多大差别？那些在欣赏喜慰的与那些在嫌恶厌弃的，又相差多少？他人所畏避的，难道就非畏避不可吗？这种盲从风气久远以来到处蔓延，什么时候都没完没了！

       人们真是喧闹喜乐、风光满面，就像享用着盛宴的美食，就像春日里奔赴高台。唯独我淡淡漠漠的，找不出任何随潮同流的迹象，就像婴儿还不懂得言笑作态，娴静而慵懒，因不附从于任何潮流而显得无所归属。

       人们似乎都有充足的装备，而我却显得什么也不足。我真是愚人的心肠呵，混混沌沌的。人们似乎精明而睿智，而我却显得糊里糊涂。人们勤紧而利索，而我却在无可无不可地闲散游荡。摇曳灵活呵，就像大海一样；飘忽散漫呵，无拘无束。人们似乎都有足堪仗恃的本领，而我却总是不轻易出离混沌无名，就像不堪成器的鄙朴一样。我将继续我的特立独行，我崇尚求得于道。

1 renounce   

v.放弃；拒绝承认，宣布与…断绝关系

参考例句：

• She decided to renounce the world and enter a convent.她决定弃绝尘世去当修女。
• It was painful for him to renounce his son.宣布与儿子脱离关系对他来说是很痛苦的。

2 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

3 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

4 benighted   

adj.蒙昧的

参考例句：

• Listen to both sides and you will be enlightened,heed only one side and you will be benighted.兼听则明，偏信则暗。
• Famine hit that benighted country once more.饥荒再次席卷了那个蒙昧的国家。

5 incapable   

adj.无能力的，不能做某事的

参考例句：

• He would be incapable of committing such a cruel deed.他不会做出这么残忍的事。
• Computers are incapable of creative thought.计算机不会创造性地思维。