Chapter 52

1. (The Tao) which originated all under the sky is to be considered as the mother of them all.

2. When the mother is found, we know what her children should be. When one knows that he is his mother's child, and proceeds to guard (the qualities of) the mother that belong to him, to the end of his life he will be free from all peril¹.

3. Let him keep his mouth closed, and shut up the portals (of his nostrils), and all his life he will be exempt² from laborious³ exertion⁴. Let him keep his mouth open, and (spend his breath) in the promotion⁵ of his affairs, and all his life there will be no safety for him.

4. The perception of what is small is (the secret of clear- sightedness; the guarding of what is soft and tender is (the secret of) strength.

5. Who uses well his light,
Reverting⁶ to its (source so) bright,
Will from his body ward⁷ all blight⁸,
And hides the unchanging from men's sight.

       天下有始，以为天下母。
       既得其母，以知其子；既知其子，复守其母，没身不殆。
       塞其兑，闭其门，终身不勤；
       开其兑，济其事，终身不救。
       见小曰明，守柔曰强。
       用其光，复归其明，无遗身殃，是谓袭常。

【译文】
       天下万物都有所本始，大家都以这个本始作为生存所依归的母体。靠向这个母体以认识各具体存在，认识各具体存在仍体守于这个母体，终身都不会有危险。堵塞收受余食凭恃的管道接口，关闭纵容自己出离无名而特化的门径，终身都不会有毛病；收受余食凭恃而谋求事业的成功，终身都不可救药。具有敏锐的觉察能力，是行为者内在明澈的表现；能柔弱灵动地因应而行，体现了行为者真正的强健。发射探测之光，反馈给明澈的自体，有效地避免各种祸患，这就叫做内在于生存的恒常。

1 peril   

n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物

参考例句：

• The refugees were in peril of death from hunger.难民有饿死的危险。
• The embankment is in great peril.河堤岌岌可危。

2 exempt   

adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者

参考例句：

• These goods are exempt from customs duties.这些货物免征关税。
• He is exempt from punishment about this thing.关于此事对他已免于处分。

3 laborious   

adj.吃力的，努力的，不流畅

参考例句：

• They had the laborious task of cutting down the huge tree.他们接受了伐大树的艰苦工作。
• Ants and bees are laborious insects.蚂蚁与蜜蜂是勤劳的昆虫。

4 exertion   

n.尽力，努力

参考例句：

• We were sweating profusely from the exertion of moving the furniture.我们搬动家具大费气力，累得大汗淋漓。
• She was hot and breathless from the exertion of cycling uphill.由于用力骑车爬坡，她浑身发热。

5 promotion   

n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传

参考例句：

• The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
• The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。

6 reverting   

恢复( revert的现在分词 )； 重提； 回到…上； 归还

参考例句：

• The boss came back from holiday all relaxed and smiling, but now he's reverting to type. 老板刚度假回来时十分随和，满面笑容，现在又恢复原样了。
• The conversation kept reverting to the subject of money. 谈话的内容总是离不开钱的事。

7 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

8 blight   

n.枯萎病；造成破坏的因素；vt.破坏，摧残

参考例句：

• The apple crop was wiped out by blight.枯萎病使苹果全无收成。
• There is a blight on all his efforts.他的一切努力都遭到挫折。