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CHAPTER 18—What is “Art”?
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In former years, we inquiring youngsters in foreign studios were much bewildered by the repetition of a certain phrase. Discussion of almost any picture or statue was (after other forms of criticism had been exhausted) pretty sure to conclude with, “It’s all very well in its way, but it’s not Art.” Not only foolish youths but the “masters” themselves constantly advanced this opinion to crush a rival or belittle1 a friend. To ardent2 minds seeking for the light and catching3 at every thread that might serve as a guide out of perplexity, this vague assertion was confusing. According to one master, the eighteenth-century “school” did not exist. What had been produced at that time was pleasing enough to the eye, but “was not Art!” In the opinion of another, Italian music might amuse or cheer the ignorant, but could not be recognized by serious musicians.
As most of us were living far from home and friends for the purpose of acquiring the rudiments4 of art, this continual sweeping5 away of our foundations was discouraging. What was the use, we sometimes asked ourselves, of toiling6, if our work was to be cast contemptuously aside by the next “school” as a pleasing trifle, not for a moment to be taken seriously? How was one to find out the truth? Who was to decide when doctors disagreed? Where was the rock on which an earnest student might lay his cornerstone without the misgiving7 that the next wave in public opinion would sap its base and cast him and his ideals out again at sea?
The eighteenth-century artists and the Italian composers had been sincere and convinced that they were producing works of art. In our own day the idol8 of one moment becomes the jest of the next. Was there, then, no
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belittle
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v.轻视,小看,贬低 | |
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ardent
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adj.热情的,热烈的,强烈的,烈性的 | |
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catching
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adj.易传染的,有魅力的,迷人的,接住 | |
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rudiments
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n.基础知识,入门 | |
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sweeping
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adj.范围广大的,一扫无遗的 | |
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toiling
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长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的现在分词 ); 艰难缓慢地移动,跋涉 | |
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misgiving
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n.疑虑,担忧,害怕 | |
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idol
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n.偶像,红人,宠儿 | |
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fixed
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adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的 | |
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lauded
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v.称赞,赞美( laud的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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acclaimed
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adj.受人欢迎的 | |
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decried
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v.公开反对,谴责( decry的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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fleeting
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adj.短暂的,飞逝的 | |
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metallic
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adj.金属的;金属制的;含金属的;产金属的;像金属的 | |
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cannon
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n.大炮,火炮;飞机上的机关炮 | |
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mighty
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adj.强有力的;巨大的 | |
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vexed
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adj.争论不休的;(指问题等)棘手的;争论不休的问题;烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 );使苦恼;使生气;详细讨论 | |
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requisite
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adj.需要的,必不可少的;n.必需品 | |
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enquiring
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a.爱打听的,显得好奇的 | |
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meditation
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n.熟虑,(尤指宗教的)默想,沉思,(pl.)冥想录 | |
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sincerity
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n.真诚,诚意;真实 | |
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adoration
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n.爱慕,崇拜 | |
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admiration
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n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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meditations
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默想( meditation的名词复数 ); 默念; 沉思; 冥想 | |
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perusing
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v.读(某篇文字)( peruse的现在分词 );(尤指)细阅;审阅;匆匆读或心不在焉地浏览(某篇文字) | |
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lucid
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adj.明白易懂的,清晰的,头脑清楚的 | |
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murmurs
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n.低沉、连续而不清的声音( murmur的名词复数 );低语声;怨言;嘀咕 | |
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humiliation
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n.羞辱 | |
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edifice
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n.宏伟的建筑物(如宫殿,教室) | |
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aphorisms
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格言,警句( aphorism的名词复数 ) | |
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paradox
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n.似乎矛盾却正确的说法;自相矛盾的人(物) | |
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ERECTED
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adj. 直立的,竖立的,笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立,建立 | |
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pedants
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n.卖弄学问的人,学究,书呆子( pedant的名词复数 ) | |
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lettuce
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n.莴苣;生菜 | |
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tempting
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a.诱人的, 吸引人的 | |
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anathema
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n.诅咒;被诅咒的人(物),十分讨厌的人(物) | |
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initiated
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n. 创始人 adj. 新加入的 vt. 开始,创始,启蒙,介绍加入 | |
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expound
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v.详述;解释;阐述 | |
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plunge
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v.跳入,(使)投入,(使)陷入;猛冲 | |
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predecessor
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n.前辈,前任 | |
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gentry
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n.绅士阶级,上层阶级 | |
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acolytes
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n.助手( acolyte的名词复数 );随从;新手;(天主教)侍祭 | |
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condemned
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adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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brotherhood
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n.兄弟般的关系,手中情谊 | |
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toad
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n.蟾蜍,癞蛤蟆 | |
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belly
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n.肚子,腹部;(像肚子一样)鼓起的部分,膛 | |
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judgments
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判断( judgment的名词复数 ); 鉴定; 评价; 审判 | |
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formulate
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v.用公式表示;规划;设计;系统地阐述 | |
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delightful
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adj.令人高兴的,使人快乐的 | |
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inclination
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n.倾斜;点头;弯腰;斜坡;倾度;倾向;爱好 | |
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recondite
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adj.深奥的,难解的 | |
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esteeming
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v.尊敬( esteem的现在分词 );敬重;认为;以为 | |
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decry
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v.危难,谴责 | |
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juggle
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v.变戏法,纂改,欺骗,同时做;n.玩杂耍,纂改,花招 | |
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wholesome
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adj.适合;卫生的;有益健康的;显示身心健康的 | |
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suffocating
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a.使人窒息的 | |
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humble
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adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;v.降低,贬低 | |
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withheld
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withhold过去式及过去分词 | |
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aged
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adj.年老的,陈年的 | |
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