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Of the inhabitants of Lilliput; their learning, laws, and customs; the manner of educating their children. The author’s way of living in that country. His vindication1 of a great lady.
Although I intend to leave the description of this empire to a particular treatise3, yet, in the mean time, I am content to gratify the curious reader with some general ideas. As the common size of the natives is somewhat under six inches high, so there is an exact proportion in all other animals, as well as plants and trees: for instance, the tallest horses and oxen are between four and five inches in height, the sheep an inch and half, more or less: their geese about the bigness of a sparrow, and so the several gradations downwards4 till you come to the smallest, which to my sight, were almost invisible; but nature has adapted the eyes of the Lilliputians to all objects proper for their view: they see with great exactness, but at no great distance. And, to show the sharpness of their sight towards objects that are near, I have been much pleased with observing a cook pulling a lark5, which was not so large as a common fly; and a young girl threading an invisible needle with invisible silk. Their tallest trees are about seven feet high: I mean some of those in the great royal park, the tops whereof I could but just reach with my fist clenched6. The other vegetables are in the same proportion; but this I leave to the reader’s imagination.
I shall say but little at present of their learning, which, for many ages, has flourished in all its branches among them: but their manner of writing is very peculiar7, being neither from the left to the right, like the Europeans, nor from the right to the left, like the Arabians, nor from up to down, like the Chinese, but aslant8, from one corner of the paper to the other, like ladies in England.
They bury their dead with their heads directly downward, because they hold an opinion, that in eleven thousand moons they are all to rise again; in which period the earth (which they conceive to be flat) will turn upside down, and by this means they shall, at their resurrection, be found ready
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1
vindication
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| n.洗冤,证实 | |
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par
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| n.标准,票面价值,平均数量;adj.票面的,平常的,标准的 | |
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treatise
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| n.专著;(专题)论文 | |
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downwards
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| adj./adv.向下的(地),下行的(地) | |
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lark
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| n.云雀,百灵鸟;n.嬉戏,玩笑;vi.嬉戏 | |
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clenched
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| v.紧握,抓紧,咬紧( clench的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
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aslant
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| adv.倾斜地;adj.斜的 | |
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standing
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| n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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absurdity
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| n.荒谬,愚蠢;谬论 | |
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doctrine
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| n.教义;主义;学说 | |
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compliance
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| n.顺从;服从;附和;屈从 | |
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tempted
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| v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词) | |
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justification
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| n.正当的理由;辩解的理由 | |
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rim
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| n.(圆物的)边,轮缘;边界 | |
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innocence
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| n.无罪;天真;无害 | |
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ignominious
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| adj.可鄙的,不光彩的,耻辱的 | |
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imprisonment
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| n.关押,监禁,坐牢 | |
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deficient
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| adj.不足的,不充份的,有缺陷的 | |
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allege
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| vt.宣称,申述,主张,断言 | |
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intercourse
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| n.性交;交流,交往,交际 | |
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dealing
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| n.经商方法,待人态度 | |
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connived
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| v.密谋 ( connive的过去式和过去分词 );搞阴谋;默许;纵容 | |
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dealer
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| n.商人,贩子 | |
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undone
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| a.未做完的,未完成的 | |
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knave
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| n.流氓;(纸牌中的)杰克 | |
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interceding
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| v.斡旋,调解( intercede的现在分词 );说情 | |
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majesty
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| n.雄伟,壮丽,庄严,威严;最高权威,王权 | |
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extenuation
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| n.减轻罪孽的借口;酌情减轻;细 | |
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breach
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| n.违反,不履行;破裂;vt.冲破,攻破 | |
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monstrous
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| adj.巨大的;恐怖的;可耻的,丢脸的 | |
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aggravation
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| n.烦恼,恼火 | |
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heartily
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| adv.衷心地,诚恳地,十分,很 | |
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maxim
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| n.格言,箴言 | |
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strictly
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| adv.严厉地,严格地;严密地 | |
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descend
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| vt./vi.传下来,下来,下降 | |
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posterity
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| n.后裔,子孙,后代 | |
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prodigious
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| adj.惊人的,奇妙的;异常的;巨大的;庞大的 | |
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circumspection
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| n.细心,慎重 | |
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sheathed
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| adj.雕塑像下半身包在鞘中的;覆盖的;铠装的;装鞘了的v.将(刀、剑等)插入鞘( sheathe的过去式和过去分词 );包,覆盖 | |
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providence
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| n.深谋远虑,天道,天意;远见;节约;上帝 | |
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sublime
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| adj.崇高的,伟大的;极度的,不顾后果的 | |
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virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 ); 德行; 优点; 长处 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的 | |
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qualified
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| adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的 | |
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virtuous
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| adj.有品德的,善良的,贞洁的,有效力的 | |
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disposition
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| n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署 | |
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inclinations
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| 倾向( inclination的名词复数 ); 倾斜; 爱好; 斜坡 | |
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corrupt
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| v.贿赂,收买;adj.腐败的,贪污的 | |
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corruptions
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| n.堕落( corruption的名词复数 );腐化;腐败;贿赂 | |
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incapable
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| adj.无能力的,不能做某事的 | |
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avow
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| v.承认,公开宣称 | |
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degenerate
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| v.退步,堕落;adj.退步的,堕落的;n.堕落者 | |
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infamous
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| adj.声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的,邪恶的 | |
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reigning
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| adj.统治的,起支配作用的 | |
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faction
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| n.宗派,小集团;派别;派系斗争 | |
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ingratitude
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| n.忘恩负义 | |
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gratitude
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| adj.感激,感谢 | |
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benefactor
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| n. 恩人,行善的人,捐助人 | |
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motives
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| n.动机,目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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begetting
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| v.为…之生父( beget的现在分词 );产生,引起 | |
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miseries
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| n.痛苦( misery的名词复数 );痛苦的事;穷困;常发牢骚的人 | |
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rudiments
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| n.基础知识,入门 | |
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docility
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| n.容易教,易驾驶,驯服 | |
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eminent
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| adj.显赫的,杰出的,有名的,优良的 | |
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modesty
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| n.谦逊,虚心,端庄,稳重,羞怯,朴素 | |
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clemency
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| n.温和,仁慈,宽厚 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的,陈年的 | |
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converse
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| vi.谈话,谈天,闲聊;adv.相反的,相反 | |
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folly
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| n.愚笨,愚蠢,蠢事,蠢行,傻话 | |
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levied
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| 征(兵)( levy的过去式和过去分词 ); 索取; 发动(战争); 征税 | |
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apprentices
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| 学徒,徒弟( apprentice的名词复数 ) | |
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confinement
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| n.幽禁,拘留,监禁;分娩;限制,局限 | |
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lessened
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| 减少的,减弱的 | |
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frightful
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| adj.可怕的;讨厌的 | |
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follies
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| 罪恶,时事讽刺剧; 愚蠢,蠢笨,愚蠢的行为、思想或做法( folly的名词复数 ) | |
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imprisoned
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| 下狱,监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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banished
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| v.放逐,驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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desolate
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| adj.荒凉的,荒芜的;孤独的,凄凉的;v.使荒芜,使孤寂 | |
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ornaments
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| n.装饰( ornament的名词复数 );点缀;装饰品;首饰v.装饰,点缀,美化( ornament的第三人称单数 ) | |
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decency
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| n.体面,得体,合宜,正派,庄重 | |
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robust
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| adj.强壮的,强健的,粗野的,需要体力的,浓的 | |
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enjoined
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| v.命令( enjoin的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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guardians
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| 监护人( guardian的名词复数 ); 保护者,维护者 | |
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steward
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| n.乘务员,服务员;看管人;膳食管理员 | |
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subservience
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| n.有利,有益;从属(地位),附属性;屈从,恭顺;媚态 | |
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linen
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| n.亚麻布,亚麻线,亚麻制品;adj.亚麻布制的,亚麻的 | |
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victuals
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| n.食物;食品 | |
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slung
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| 抛( sling的过去式和过去分词 ); 吊挂; 遣送; 押往 | |
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draught
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| n.拉,牵引,拖;一网(饮,吸,阵);顿服药量,通风;v.起草,设计 | |
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fowl
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| n.家禽,鸡,禽肉 | |
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consort
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| v.相伴;结交 | |
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treasurer
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| n.司库,财务主管 | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色,面容;面部表情;vt.支持,赞同 | |
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admiration
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| n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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caressed
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| 爱抚或抚摸…( caress的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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moroseness
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treasury
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| n.宝库;国库,金库;文库 | |
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exchequer
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| n.财政部;国库 | |
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vindicate
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| v.为…辩护或辩解,辩明;证明…正确 | |
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malice
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| n.恶意,怨恨,蓄意;[律]预谋 | |
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privately
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| adv.以私人的身份,悄悄地,私下地 | |
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lodging
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| n.寄宿,住所;(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的 | |
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incognito
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| adv.匿名地;n.隐姓埋名;adj.化装的,用假名的,隐匿姓名身份的 | |
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