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The community of fowls2 to which Tess had been appointed as supervisor3, purveyor4, nurse, surgeon, and friend, made its head quarters in an old thatched cottage standing5 in an enclosure that had once been a garden, but was now a trampled6 and sanded square. The house was overrun with ivy7, its chimney being enlarged by the boughs8 of the parasite9 to the aspect of a ruined tower. The lower rooms were entirely10 given over to the birds, who walked about them with a proprietary11 air, as though the place had been built by themselves, and not by certain dusty copy holders12 who now lay east and west in the churchyard. The descendants of these bygone owners felt it almost as a slight to their family when the house which had so much of their affection, had cost so much of their forefathers13' money, and had been in their possession for several generations before the d'Urbervilles came and built here, was indifferently turned into a fowl1 house by Mrs Stoke-d'Urberville as soon as the property fell into hand according to law. `'Twas good enough for Christians
1
fowl
n.家禽,鸡,禽肉
2
fowls
鸟( fowl的名词复数 ); 禽肉; 既不是这; 非驴非马
3
supervisor
n.监督人,管理人,检查员,督学,主管,导师
4
purveyor
n.承办商,伙食承办商
5
standing
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
6
trampled
踩( trample的过去式和过去分词 ); 践踏; 无视; 侵犯
7
ivy
n.常青藤,常春藤
8
boughs
大树枝( bough的名词复数 )
9
parasite
n.寄生虫;寄生菌;食客
10
entirely
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
11
proprietary
n.所有权,所有的;独占的;业主
12
holders
支持物( holder的名词复数 ); 持有者; (支票等)持有人; 支托(或握持)…之物
13
forefathers
n.祖先,先人;祖先,祖宗( forefather的名词复数 );列祖列宗;前人
14
Christians
n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )
15
wailed
v.哭叫,哀号( wail的过去式和过去分词 )
16
resounded
v.(指声音等)回荡于某处( resound的过去式和过去分词 );产生回响;(指某处)回荡着声音
17
nascent
adj.初生的,发生中的
18
formerly
adv.从前,以前
19
sedate
adj.沉着的,镇静的,安静的
20
hearth
n.壁炉炉床,壁炉地面
21
inverted
adj.反向的,倒转的v.使倒置,使反转( invert的过去式和过去分词 )
22
profess
v.声称,冒称,以...为业,正式接受入教,表明信仰
23
professed
公开声称的,伪称的,已立誓信教的
24
apron
n.围裙;工作裙
25
misgiving
n.疑虑,担忧,害怕
26
mansion
n.大厦,大楼;宅第
27
imposing
adj.使人难忘的,壮丽的,堂皇的,雄伟的
28
chambers
n.房间( chamber的名词复数 );(议会的)议院;卧室;会议厅
29
sitting-room
n.(BrE)客厅,起居室
30
laboriously
adv.艰苦地;费力地;辛勤地;(文体等)佶屈聱牙地
31
stagnant
adj.不流动的,停滞的,不景气的
32
mien
n.风采;态度
33
strut
v.肿胀,鼓起;大摇大摆地走;炫耀;支撑;撑开;n.高视阔步;支柱,撑杆
34
obedience
n.服从,顺从
35
beaks
n.鸟嘴( beak的名词复数 );鹰钩嘴;尖鼻子;掌权者
36
enacting
制定(法律),通过(法案)( enact的现在分词 )
37
confirmation
n.证实,确认,批准
38
bishop
n.主教,(国际象棋)象
39
abruptly
adv.突然地,出其不意地
40
twitching
n.颤搐
41
tunes
n.曲调,曲子( tune的名词复数 )v.调音( tune的第三人称单数 );调整;(给收音机、电视等)调谐;使协调
42
accomplishment
n.完成,成就,(pl.)造诣,技能
43
blandly
adv.温和地,殷勤地
44
creased
(使…)起折痕,弄皱( crease的过去式和过去分词 ); (皮肤)皱起,使起皱纹; 皱皱巴巴
45
furrows
n.犁沟( furrow的名词复数 );(脸上的)皱纹v.犁田,开沟( furrow的第三人称单数 )
46
repugnance
n.嫌恶
47
initiation
n.开始
48
ascertain
vt.发现,确定,查明,弄清
49
degenerated
衰退,堕落,退化( degenerate的过去式和过去分词 )
50
beheld
v.看,注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 );瞧;看呀;(叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现)哎哟
51
lodgings
n. 出租的房舍, 寄宿舍
52
pouting
v.撅(嘴)( pout的现在分词 )
53
privately
adv.以私人的身份,悄悄地,私下地
54
bullies
n.欺凌弱小者, 开球
vt.恐吓, 威胁, 欺负
55
allusion
n.暗示,间接提示
56
momentary
adj.片刻的,瞬息的;短暂的
57
lastingly
[医]有残留性,持久地,耐久地
58
engender
v.产生,引起
59
pliable
adj.易受影响的;易弯的;柔顺的,易驾驭的
60
mere
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
61
dependence
n.依靠,依赖;信任,信赖;隶属
62
onerous
adj.繁重的
63
regained
复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 ); 赢回; 重回; 复至某地
64
attentive
adj.注意的,专心的;关心(别人)的,殷勤的
65
rustling
n. 瑟瑟声,沙沙声
adj. 发沙沙声的
66
ambush
n.埋伏(地点);伏兵;v.埋伏;伏击