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ENGLAND UNDER HENRY THE FIFTH
FIRST PART
THE Prince of Wales began his reign1 like a generous and honest man. He set the young Earl of March free; he restored their estates and their honours to the Percy family, who had lost them by their rebellion against his father; he ordered the imbecile and unfortunate Richard to be honourably2 buried among the Kings of England; and he dismissed all his wild companions, with assurances that they should not want, if they would resolve to be steady, faithful, and true.
It is much easier to burn men than to burn their opinions; and those of the Lollards were spreading every day. The Lollards were represented by the priests - probably falsely for the most part - to entertain treasonable designs against the new King; and Henry, suffering himself to be worked upon by these representations, sacrificed his friend Sir John Oldcastle, the Lord Cobham, to them, after trying in vain to convert him by arguments. He was declared guilty, as the head of the sect3, and sentenced to the flames; but he escaped from the Tower before the day of execution (postponed for fifty days by the King himself), and summoned the Lollards to meet him near London on a certain day. So the priests told the King, at least. I doubt whether there was any conspiracy4 beyond such as was got up by their agents. On the day appointed, instead of five-and-twenty thousand men, under the command of Sir John Oldcastle, in the meadows of St. Giles, the King found only eighty men, and no Sir John at all. There was, in another place, an addle-headed brewer5, who had gold trappings to his horses, and a pair of gilt6 spurs in his breast - expecting to be made a knight7 next day by Sir John, and so to gain the right to wear them - but there was no Sir John, nor did anybody give information respecting him, though the King offered great rewards for such intelligence. Thirty of these unfortunate Lollards were hanged and
1
reign
n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势
2
honourably
adv.可尊敬地,光荣地,体面地
3
sect
n.派别,宗教,学派,派系
4
conspiracy
n.阴谋,密谋,共谋
5
brewer
n. 啤酒制造者
6
gilt
adj.镀金的;n.金边证券
7
knight
n.骑士,武士;爵士
8
drawn
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
9
gallows
n.绞刑架,绞台
10
crammed
adj.塞满的,挤满的;大口地吃;快速贪婪地吃v.把…塞满;填入;临时抱佛脚( cram的过去式)
11
confession
n.自白,供认,承认
12
confessions
n.承认( confession的名词复数 );自首;声明;(向神父的)忏悔
13
miserable
adj.悲惨的,痛苦的;可怜的,糟糕的
14
reconciliation
n.和解,和谐,一致
15
eldest
adj.最年长的,最年老的
16
deposing
v.罢免( depose的现在分词 );(在法庭上)宣誓作证
17
conspirators
n.共谋者,阴谋家( conspirator的名词复数 )
18
condemned
adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的
动词condemn的过去式和过去分词
19
embarked
乘船( embark的过去式和过去分词 ); 装载; 从事
20
lasting
adj.永久的,永恒的;vbl.持续,维持
21
renown
n.声誉,名望
22
distress
n.苦恼,痛苦,不舒适;不幸;vt.使悲痛
23
rigidly
adv.刻板地,僵化地
24
besieged
包围,围困,围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 )
25
determined
adj.坚定的;有决心的
26
fortified
adj. 加强的
27
heralds
n.使者( herald的名词复数 );预报者;预兆;传令官v.预示( herald的第三人称单数 );宣布(好或重要)
28
herald
vt.预示...的来临,预告,宣布,欢迎
29
beheld
v.看,注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 );瞧;看呀;(叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现)哎哟
30
refreshment
n.恢复,精神爽快,提神之事物;(复数)refreshments:点心,茶点
31
knightly
adj. 骑士般的
adv. 骑士般地
33
archers
n.弓箭手,射箭运动员( archer的名词复数 )
34
archer
n.射手,弓箭手
35
carousing
v.痛饮,闹饮欢宴( carouse的现在分词 )
36
surmounted
战胜( surmount的过去式和过去分词 ); 克服(困难); 居于…之上; 在…顶上
37
armour
(=armor)n.盔甲;装甲部队
38
embroidered
adj.绣花的
39
mire
n.泥沼,泥泞;v.使...陷于泥泞,使...陷入困境
40
ransom
n.赎金,赎身;v.赎回,解救
41
gallant
adj.英勇的,豪侠的;(向女人)献殷勤的
42
concealed
a.隐藏的,隐蔽的
43
joyfully
adv. 喜悦地, 高兴地
44
haughty
adj.傲慢的,高傲的
45
utterly
adv.完全地,绝对地
46
boggy
adj.沼泽多的
47
dense
a.密集的,稠密的,浓密的;密度大的
48
standing
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
49
knights
骑士; (中古时代的)武士( knight的名词复数 ); 骑士; 爵士; (国际象棋中)马
50
axe
n.斧子;v.用斧头砍,削减
51
honourable
adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的
52
decided
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
53
killing
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
54
plundering
掠夺,抢劫( plunder的现在分词 )
55
plunder
vt.劫掠财物,掠夺;n.劫掠物,赃物;劫掠
56
massacre
n.残杀,大屠杀;v.残杀,集体屠杀
57
havoc
n.大破坏,浩劫,大混乱,大杂乱
58
slaughter
n.屠杀,屠宰;vt.屠杀,宰杀
59
wrath
n.愤怒,愤慨,暴怒
60
posterity
n.后裔,子孙,后代
61
slain
杀死,宰杀,杀戮( slay的过去分词 ); (slay的过去分词)
62
appalling
adj.骇人听闻的,令人震惊的,可怕的
63
writhed
(因极度痛苦而)扭动或翻滚( writhe的过去式和过去分词 )
64
plunged
v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降
65
ashore
adv.在(向)岸上,上岸
66
tapestries
n.挂毯( tapestry的名词复数 );绣帷,织锦v.用挂毯(或绣帷)装饰( tapestry的第三人称单数 )
67
strewed
v.撒在…上( strew的过去式和过去分词 );散落于;点缀;撒满
68
hatred
n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨
69
bloody
adj.非常的的;流血的;残忍的;adv.很;vt.血染
70
lieutenant
n.陆军中尉,海军上尉;代理官员,副职官员
71
possessed
adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的
72
repulsed
v.击退( repulse的过去式和过去分词 );驳斥;拒绝
73
negotiation
n.谈判,协商
74
spoke
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
75
serenely
adv.安详地,宁静地,平静地
76
psalms
n.赞美诗( psalm的名词复数 );圣诗;圣歌;(中的)
77
embalmed
adj.用防腐药物保存(尸体)的v.保存(尸体)不腐( embalm的过去式和过去分词 );使不被遗忘;使充满香气
78
crimson
n./adj.深(绯)红色(的);vi.脸变绯红色
79
retinue
n.侍从;随员
80
plumes
羽毛( plume的名词复数 ); 羽毛饰; 羽毛状物; 升上空中的羽状物