选择字号:【大】【中】【小】 | 关灯
护眼
|
CHAPTER XI. CONSTANTINE’S LEGISLATION CONCERNING THE PAGAN SUNDAY.
关注小说网官方公众号(noveltingroom),原版名著免费领。
All his Tolerative Legislation Essentially1 Pagan—Christians3 did not Seek for Sunday Laws—The first Sunday Law, 321 A.D., Pagan in Every Particular—Essentially Identical with Existing Laws Concerning Other Days—Legislation against Heathen Religions Feeble and Unenforced—Constantine not a “Christian2 Prince.”
The representative legislation of Constantine, with reference to Christianity, was pagan both as to its genius and form. The various edicts in favor of Christians contained little or nothing of true liberty of conscience. They were the steps by which Christianity, already paganized, was recognized, and gradually raised to a dominant4 place among the legal religions. This accorded with the prevailing5 syncretism, and the policy which Rome had always exercised toward foreign religions. On the other hand, the Emperor, still acting7 as Pontifex Maximus, and long before he was baptized into the fellowship of the Church, became its dictator. He convened8 and controlled the famous council at Nice (325 A.D.)[218] while his hands were red with the blood of his kindred, whom he slew9 lest they might come between him and his ambition to be sole emperor.
The decisions of the Council of Nice mark the beginning of centuries in which imperial law determined10 what should be called Christianity, what orthodoxy, and what heterodoxy. The Bible was not the standard of faith, or practice. Traditions, imperial decrees, the decisions of councils called and dictated11 by the imperial power, determined the practice of the Church, and
点击
收听单词发音

1
essentially
![]() |
|
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
2
Christian
![]() |
|
adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
3
Christians
![]() |
|
n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
4
dominant
![]() |
|
adj.支配的,统治的;占优势的;显性的;n.主因,要素,主要的人(或物);显性基因 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
5
prevailing
![]() |
|
adj.盛行的;占优势的;主要的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
6
reign
![]() |
|
n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
7
acting
![]() |
|
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
8
convened
![]() |
|
召开( convene的过去式 ); 召集; (为正式会议而)聚集; 集合 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
9
slew
![]() |
|
v.(使)旋转;n.大量,许多 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
10
determined
![]() |
|
adj.坚定的;有决心的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
11
dictated
![]() |
|
v.大声讲或读( dictate的过去式和过去分词 );口授;支配;摆布 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
12
formulated
![]() |
|
v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 );规划;确切地阐述;用公式表示 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
13
lasting
![]() |
|
adj.永久的,永恒的;vbl.持续,维持 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
14
cult
![]() |
|
n.异教,邪教;时尚,狂热的崇拜 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
15
testament
![]() |
|
n.遗嘱;证明 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
16
supreme
![]() |
|
adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
17
enact
![]() |
|
vt.制定(法律);上演,扮演 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
18
promulgate
![]() |
|
v.宣布;传播;颁布(法令、新法律等) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
19
deity
![]() |
|
n.神,神性;被奉若神明的人(或物) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
20
fawning
![]() |
|
adj.乞怜的,奉承的v.(尤指狗等)跳过来往人身上蹭以示亲热( fawn的现在分词 );巴结;讨好 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
21
taxation
![]() |
|
n.征税,税收,税金 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
22
enjoyments
![]() |
|
愉快( enjoyment的名词复数 ); 令人愉快的事物; 享有; 享受 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
23
exalt
![]() |
|
v.赞扬,歌颂,晋升,提升 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
24
circumference
![]() |
|
n.圆周,周长,圆周线 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
25
dwelling
![]() |
|
n.住宅,住所,寓所 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
26
purely
![]() |
|
adv.纯粹地,完全地 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
27
portent
![]() |
|
n.预兆;恶兆;怪事 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
28
abstain
![]() |
|
v.自制,戒绝,弃权,避免 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
29
specially
![]() |
|
adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
30
consulship
![]() |
|
领事的职位或任期 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
31
testimony
![]() |
|
n.证词;见证,证明 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
32
superstition
![]() |
|
n.迷信,迷信行为 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
33
exempted
![]() |
|
使免除[豁免]( exempt的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
34
exempt
![]() |
|
adj.免除的;v.使免除;n.免税者,被免除义务者 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
35
judicial
![]() |
|
adj.司法的,法庭的,审判的,明断的,公正的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
36
prosecutions
![]() |
|
起诉( prosecution的名词复数 ); 原告; 实施; 从事 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
37
prohibitions
![]() |
|
禁令,禁律( prohibition的名词复数 ); 禁酒; 禁例 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
38
corroborates
![]() |
|
v.证实,支持(某种说法、信仰、理论等)( corroborate的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
39
deference
![]() |
|
n.尊重,顺从;敬意 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
40
ambiguity
![]() |
|
n.模棱两可;意义不明确 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
41
interfered
![]() |
|
v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 );调停;妨碍;干涉 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
42
allusion
![]() |
|
n.暗示,间接提示 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
43
peculiar
![]() |
|
adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
44
veneration
![]() |
|
n.尊敬,崇拜 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
45
tumult
![]() |
|
n.喧哗;激动,混乱;吵闹 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
46
repose
![]() |
|
v.(使)休息;n.安息 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
47
acquiesce
![]() |
|
vi.默许,顺从,同意 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
48
scruple
![]() |
|
n./v.顾忌,迟疑 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
49
enjoined
![]() |
|
v.命令( enjoin的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
50
labor
![]() |
|
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
51
enacted
![]() |
|
制定(法律),通过(法案)( enact的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
52
forth
![]() |
|
adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
53
proceeding
![]() |
|
n.行动,进行,(pl.)会议录,学报 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
54
entirely
![]() |
|
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
55
eminently
![]() |
|
adv.突出地;显著地;不寻常地 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
56
reverence
![]() |
|
n.敬畏,尊敬,尊严;Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称;v.尊敬,敬畏,崇敬 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
57
consecrated
![]() |
|
adj.神圣的,被视为神圣的v.把…奉为神圣,给…祝圣( consecrate的过去式和过去分词 );奉献 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
58
evading
![]() |
|
逃避( evade的现在分词 ); 避开; 回避; 想不出 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
59
enumerates
![]() |
|
v.列举,枚举,数( enumerate的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
60
impeded
![]() |
|
阻碍,妨碍,阻止( impede的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
61
enumerating
![]() |
|
v.列举,枚举,数( enumerate的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
62
proceedings
![]() |
|
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
63
abstaining
![]() |
|
戒(尤指酒),戒除( abstain的现在分词 ); 弃权(不投票) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
64
labors
![]() |
|
v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 );苦干;详细分析;(指引擎)缓慢而困难地运转 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
65
entrenching
![]() |
|
v.用壕沟围绕或保护…( entrench的现在分词 );牢固地确立… | |
参考例句: |
|
|
66
enumeration
![]() |
|
n.计数,列举;细目;详表;点查 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
67
herd
![]() |
|
n.兽群,牧群;vt.使集中,把…赶在一起 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
68
snares
![]() |
|
n.陷阱( snare的名词复数 );圈套;诱人遭受失败(丢脸、损失等)的东西;诱惑物v.用罗网捕捉,诱陷,陷害( snare的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
69
rites
![]() |
|
仪式,典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
70
monarch
![]() |
|
n.帝王,君主,最高统治者 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
71
controversies
![]() |
|
争论 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
72
superstitious
![]() |
|
adj.迷信的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
73
conceit
![]() |
|
n.自负,自高自大 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
74
ominous
![]() |
|
adj.不祥的,不吉的,预兆的,预示的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
75
applied
![]() |
|
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
76
consultations
![]() |
|
n.磋商(会议)( consultation的名词复数 );商讨会;协商会;查找 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
77
commonwealth
![]() |
|
n.共和国,联邦,共同体 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
78
conversion
![]() |
|
n.转化,转换,转变 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
79
legislated
![]() |
|
v.立法,制定法律( legislate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句: |
|
|
80
condemned
![]() |
|
adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
81
abolition
![]() |
|
n.废除,取消 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
82
scrupulous
![]() |
|
adj.审慎的,小心翼翼的,完全的,纯粹的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
83
resentment
![]() |
|
n.怨愤,忿恨 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
84
overt
![]() |
|
adj.公开的,明显的,公然的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
85
hostility
![]() |
|
n.敌对,敌意;抵制[pl.]交战,战争 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
86
tersely
![]() |
|
adv. 简捷地, 简要地 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
87
ordinance
![]() |
|
n.法令;条令;条例 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
88
jumble
![]() |
|
vt.使混乱,混杂;n.混乱;杂乱的一堆 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
89
profanation
![]() |
|
n.亵渎 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
90
inscription
![]() |
|
n.(尤指石块上的)刻印文字,铭文,碑文 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
91
pious
![]() |
|
adj.虔诚的;道貌岸然的 | |
参考例句: |
|
|
上一章:
CHAPTER X.
©英文小说网 2005-2010