For an instant Pascal looked at the papers, the heap of which seemed enormous, lying thus in disorder1 on the long table that stood in the middle of the room. In the confusion several of the blue paper envelopes had burst open, and their contents had fallen out--letters, newspaper clippings, documents on stamped paper, and manuscript notes.
He was already mechanically beginning to seek out the names written on the envelopes in large characters, to classify the packages again, when, with an abrupt3 gesture, he emerged from the somber4 meditation5 into which he had fallen. And turning to Clotilde who stood waiting, pale, silent, and erect6, he said:
"Listen to me; I have always forbidden you to read these papers, and I know that you have obeyed me. Yes, I had scruples7 of delicacy8. It is not that you are an ignorant girl, like so many others, for I have allowed you to learn everything concerning man and woman, which is assuredly bad only for bad natures. But to what end disclose to you too early these terrible truths of human life? I have therefore spared you the history of our family, which is the history of every family, of all humanity; a great deal of evil and a great deal of good."
He paused as if to confirm himself in his resolution and then resumed quite calmly and with supreme9 energy:
"You are twenty-five years old; you ought to know. And then the life we are leading is no longer possible. You live and you make me live in a constant nightmare, with your ecstatic dreams. I prefer to show you the reality, however execrable it may be. Perhaps the blow which it will inflict10 upon you will make of you the woman you ought to be. We will classify these papers again together, and read them, and learn from them a terrible lesson of life!"
Then, as she still continued motionless, he resumed:
"Come, we must be able to see well. Light those other two candles there."
He was seized by a desire for light, a flood of light; he would have desired the blinding light of the sun; and thinking that the light of the three candles was not sufficient, he went into his room for a pair of three-branched candelabra which were there. The nine candles were blazing, yet neither of them, in their disorder--he with his chest bare, she with her left shoulder stained with blood, her throat and arms bare--saw the other. It was past two o'clock, but neither of them had any consciousness of the hour; they were going to spend the night in this eager desire for knowledge, without feeling the need of sleep, outside time and space. The mutterings of the storm, which, through the open window, they could see gathering11, grew louder and louder.
Clotilde had never before seen in Pascal's eyes the feverish12 light which burned in them now. He had been overworking himself for some time past, and his mental sufferings made him at times abrupt, in spite of his good-natured complacency. But it seemed as if an infinite tenderness, trembling with fraternal pity, awoke within him, now that he was about to plunge13 into the painful truths of existence; and it was something emanating14 from himself, something very great and very good which was to render innocuous the terrible avalanche15 of facts which was impending16. He was determined17 that he would reveal everything, since it was necessary that he should do so in order to remedy everything. Was not this an unanswerable, a final argument for evolution, the story of these beings who were so near to them? Such was life, and it must be lived. Doubtless she would emerge from it like the steel tempered by the fire, full of tolerance18 and courage.
"They are setting you against me," he resumed; "they are making you commit abominable19 acts, and I wish to restore your conscience to you. When you know, you will judge and you will act. Come here, and read with me."
She obeyed. But these papers, about which her grandmother had spoken so angrily, frightened her a little; while a curiosity that grew with every moment awoke within her. And then, dominated though she was by the virile21 authority which had just constrained22 and subjugated23 her, she did not yet yield. But might she not listen to him, read with him? Did she not retain the right to refuse or to give herself afterward24? He spoke20 at last.
"Will you come?"
"Yes, master, I will."
He showed her first the genealogical tree of the Rougon-Macquarts. He did not usually lock it in the press, but kept it in the desk in his room, from which he had taken it when he went there for the candelabra. For more than twenty years past he had kept it up to date, inscribing25 the births, deaths, marriages, and other important events that had taken place in the family, making brief notes in each case, in accordance with his theory of heredity.
It was a large sheet of paper, yellow with age, with folds cut by wear, on which was drawn26 boldly a symbolical27 tree, whose branches spread and subdivided28 into five rows of broad leaves; and each leaf bore a name, and contained, in minute handwriting, a biography, a hereditary29 case.
A scientist's joy took possession of the doctor at sight of this labor30 of twenty years, in which the laws of heredity established by him were so clearly and so completely applied31.
"Look, child! You know enough about the matter, you have copied enough of my notes to understand. Is it not beautiful? A document so complete, so conclusive32, in which there is not a gap? It is like an experiment made in the laboratory, a problem stated and solved on the blackboard. You see below, the trunk, the common stock, Aunt Dide; then the three branches issuing from it, the legitimate33 branch, Pierre Rougon, and the two illegitimate branches, Ursule Macquart and Antoine Macquart; then, new branches arise, and ramify, on one side, Maxime, Clotilde, and Victor, the three children of Saccard, and Angelique, the daughter of Sidonie Rougon; on the other, Pauline, the daughter of Lisa Macquart, and Claude, Jacques, Etienne, and Anna, the four children of Gervaise, her sister; there, at the extremity34, is Jean, their brother, and here in the middle, you see what I call the knot, the legitimate issue and the illegitimate issue, uniting in Marthe Rougon and her cousin Francois Mouret, to give rise to three new branches, Octave, Serge, and Desiree Mouret; while there is also the issue of Ursule and the hatter Mouret; Silvere, whose tragic35 death you know; Helene and her daughter Jean; finally, at the top are the latest offshoots, our poor Charles, your brother Maxime's son, and two other children, who are dead, Jacques Louis, the son of Claude Lantier, and Louiset, the son of Anna Coupeau. In all five generations, a human tree which, for five springs already, five springtides of humanity, has sent forth36 shoots, at the impulse of the sap of eternal life."
He became more and more animated37, pointing out each case on the sheet of old yellow paper, as if it were an anatomical chart.
"And as I have already said, everything is here. You see in direct heredity, the differentiations, that of the mother, Silvere, Lisa, Desiree, Jacques, Louiset, yourself; that of the father, Sidonie, Francois, Gervaise, Octave, Jacques, Louis. Then there are the three cases of crossing: by conjugation, Ursule, Aristide, Anna, Victor; by dissemination39, Maxime, Serge, Etienne; by fusion2, Antoine, Eugene, Claude. I even noted40 a fourth case, a very remarkable41 one, an even cross, Pierre and Pauline; and varieties are established, the differentiation38 of the mother, for example, often accords with the physical resemblance of the father; or, it is the contrary which takes place, so that, in the crossing, the physical and mental predominance remains42 with one parent or the other, according to circumstances. Then here is indirect heredity, that of the collateral43 branches. I have but one well established example of this, the striking personal resemblance of Octave Mouret to his uncle Eugene Rougon. I have also but one example of transmission by influence, Anna, the daughter of Gervaise and Coupeau, who bore a striking resemblance, especially in her childhood, to Lantier, her mother's first lover. But what I am very rich in is in examples of reversion to the original stock--the three finest cases, Marthe, Jeanne, and Charles, resembling Aunt Dide; the resemblance thus passing over one, two, and three generations. This is certainly exceptional, for I scarcely believe in atavism; it seems to me that the new elements brought by the partners, accidents, and the infinite variety of crossings must rapidly efface44 particular characteristics, so as to bring back the individual to the general type. And there remains variation--Helene, Jean, Angelique. This is the combination, the chemical mixture in which the physical and mental characteristics of the parents are blended, without any of their traits seeming to reappear in the new being."
There was silence for a moment. Clotilde had listened to him with profound attention, wishing to understand. And he remained absorbed in thought, his eyes still fixed46 on the tree, in the desire to judge his work impartially47. He then continued in a low tone, as if speaking to himself:
"Yes, that is as scientific as possible. I have placed there only the members of the family, and I had to give an equal part to the partners, to the fathers and mothers come from outside, whose blood has mingled48 with ours, and therefore modified it. I had indeed made a mathematically exact tree, the father and the mother bequeathing themselves, by halves, to the child, from generation to generation, so that in Charles, for example, Aunt Dide's part would have been only a twelfth--which would be absurd, since the physical resemblance is there complete. I have therefore thought it sufficient to indicate the elements come from elsewhere, taking into account marriages and the new factor which each introduced. Ah! these sciences that are yet in their infancy50, in which hypothesis speaks stammeringly51, and imagination rules, these are the domain52 of the poet as much as of the scientist. Poets go as pioneers in the advance guard, and they often discover new countries, suggesting solutions. There is there a borderland which belongs to them, between the conquered, the definitive53 truth, and the unknown, whence the truth of to-morrow will be torn. What an immense fresco54 there is to be painted, what a stupendous human tragedy, what a comedy there is to be written with heredity, which is the very genesis of families, of societies, and of the world!"
His eyes fixed on vacancy55, he remained for a time lost in thought. Then, with an abrupt movement, he came back to the envelopes and, pushing the tree aside, said:
"We will take it up again presently; for, in order that you may understand now, it is necessary that events should pass in review before you, and that you should see in action all these actors ticketed here, each one summed up in a brief note. I will call for the envelopes, you will hand them to me one by one, and I will show you the papers in each, and tell you their contents, before putting it away again up there on the shelf. I will not follow the alphabetical56 order, but the order of events themselves. I have long wished to make this classification. Come, look for the names on the envelopes; Aunt Dide first."
At this moment the edge of the storm which lighted up the sky caught La Souleiade slantingly, and burst over the house in a deluge57 of rain. But they did not even close the window. They heard neither the peals58 of thunder nor the ceaseless beating of the rain upon the roof. She handed him the envelope bearing the name of Aunt Dide in large characters; and he took from it papers of all sorts, notes taken by him long ago, which he proceeded to read.
"Hand me Pierre Rougon. Hand me Ursule Macquart. Hand me Antoine Macquart."
Silently she obeyed him, her heart oppressed by a dreadful anguish61 at all she was hearing. And the envelopes were passed on, displayed their contents, and were piled up again in the press.
First was the foundress of the family, Adelaide Fouque, the tall, crazy girl, the first nervous lesion giving rise to the legitimate branch, Pierre Rougon, and to the two illegitimate branches, Ursule and Antoine Macquart, all that _bourgeois_ and sanguinary tragedy, with the _coup d'etat_ of December, 1854, for a background, the Rougons, Pierre and Felicite, preserving order at Plassans, bespattering with the blood of Silvere their rising fortunes, while Adelaide, grown old, the miserable62 Aunt Dide, was shut up in the Tulettes, like a specter of expiation63 and of waiting.
Then like a pack of hounds, the appetites were let loose. The supreme appetite of power in Eugene Rougon, the great man, the disdainful genius of the family, free from base interests, loving power for its own sake, conquering Paris in old boots with the adventurers of the coming Empire, rising from the legislative64 body to the senate, passing from the presidency65 of the council of state to the portfolio66 of minister; made by his party, a hungry crowd of followers67, who at the same time supported and devoured68 him; conquered for an instant by a woman, the beautiful Clorinde, with whom he had been imbecile enough to fall in love, but having so strong a will, and burning with so vehement69 a desire to rule, that he won back power by giving the lie to his whole life, marching to his triumphal sovereignty of vice70 emperor.
With Aristide Saccard, appetite ran to low pleasures, the whole hot quarry71 of money, luxury, women--a devouring72 hunger which left him homeless, at the time when millions were changing hands, when the whirlwind of wild speculation73 was blowing through the city, tearing down everywhere to construct anew, when princely fortunes were made, squandered74, and remade in six months; a greed of gold whose ever increasing fury carried him away, causing him, almost before the body of his wife Angele was cold in death, to sell his name, in order to have the first indispensable thousand francs, by marrying Renee. And it was Saccard, too, who, a few years later, put in motion the immense money-press of the Banque Universelle. Saccard, the never vanquished75; Saccard, grown more powerful, risen to be the clever and daring grand financier, comprehending the fierce and civilizing76 role that money plays, fighting, winning, and losing battles on the Bourse, like Napoleon at Austerlitz and Waterloo; engulfing77 in disaster a world of miserable people; sending forth into the unknown realms of crime his natural son Victor, who disappeared, fleeing through the dark night, while he himself, under the impassable protection of unjust nature, was loved by the adorable Mme. Caroline, no doubt in recompense of all the evil he had done.
Here a tall, spotless lily had bloomed in this compost, Sidonie Rougon, the sycophant78 of her brother, the go-between in a hundred suspicious affairs, giving birth to the pure and divine Angelique, the little embroiderer79 with fairylike fingers who worked into the gold of the chasubles the dream of her Prince Charming, so happy among her companions the saints, so little made for the hard realities of life, that she obtained the grace of dying of love, on the day of her marriage, at the first kiss of Felicien de Hautecoeur, in the triumphant80 peal59 of bells ringing for her splendid nuptials81.
The union of the two branches, the legitimate and the illegitimate, took place then, Marthe Rougon espousing82 her cousin Francois Mouret, a peaceful household slowly disunited, ending in the direst catastrophes83 --a sad and gentle woman taken, made use of, and crushed in the vast machine of war erected85 for the conquest of a city; her three children torn from her, she herself leaving her heart in the rude grasp of the Abbe Faujas. And the Rougons saved Plassans a second time, while she was dying in the glare of the conflagration86 in which her husband was being consumed, mad with long pent-up rage and the desire for revenge.
Of the three children, Octave Mouret was the audacious conqueror87, the clear intellect, resolved to demand from the women the sovereignty of Paris, fallen at his _debut_ into the midst of a corrupt88 _bourgeois_ society, acquiring there a terrible sentimental89 education, passing from the capricious refusal of one woman to the unresisting abandonment of another, remaining, fortunately, active, laborious90, and combative91, gradually emerging, and improved even, from the low plotting, the ceaseless ferment92 of a rotten society that could be heard already cracking to its foundations. And Octave Mouret, victorious93, revolutionized commerce; swallowed up the cautious little shops that carried on business in the old-fashioned way; established in the midst of feverish Paris the colossal94 palace of temptation, blazing with lights, overflowing95 with velvets, silks, and laces; won fortunes exploiting woman; lived in smiling scorn of woman until the day when a little girl, the avenger96 of her sex, the innocent and wise Denise, vanquished him and held him captive at her feet, groaning97 with anguish, until she did him the favor, she who was so poor, to marry him in the midst of the apotheosis98 of his Louvre, under the golden shower of his receipts.
There remained the two other children, Serge Mouret and Desiree Mouret, the latter innocent and healthy, like some happy young animal; the former refined and mystical, who was thrown into the priesthood by a nervous malady99 hereditary in his family, and who lived again the story of Adam, in the Eden of Le Paradou. He was born again to love Albine, and to lose her, in the bosom100 of sublime101 nature, their accomplice102; to be recovered, afterward by the Church, to war eternally with life, striving to kill his manhood, throwing on the body of the dead Albine the handful of earth, as officiating priest, at the very time when Desiree, the sister and friend of animals, was rejoicing in the midst of the swarming103 life of her poultry104 yard.
Further on there opened a calm glimpse of gentle and tragic life, Helene Mouret living peacefully with her little girl, Jeanne, on the heights of Passy, overlooking Paris, the bottomless, boundless106 human sea, in face of which was unrolled this page of love: the sudden passion of Helene for a stranger, a physician, brought one night by chance to the bedside of her daughter; the morbid107 jealousy108 of Jeanne-- the instinctive109 jealousy of a loving girl--disputing her mother with love, her mother already so wasted by her unhappy passion that the daughter died because of her fault; terrible price of one hour of desire in the entire cold and discreet110 life of a woman, poor dead child, lying alone in the silent cemetery111, in face of eternal Paris.
With Lisa Macquart began the illegitimate branch; appearing fresh and strong in her, as she displayed her portly, prosperous figure, sitting at the door of her pork shop in a light colored apron112, watching the central market, where the hunger of a people muttered, the age-long battle of the Fat and the Lean, the lean Florent, her brother-in-law, execrated113, and set upon by the fat fishwomen and the fat shopwomen, and whom even the fat pork-seller herself, honest, but unforgiving, caused to be arrested as a republican who had broken his ban, convinced that she was laboring114 for the good digestion115 of all honest people.
From this mother sprang the sanest116, the most human of girls, Pauline Quenu, the well-balanced, the reasonable, the virgin117; who, knowing everything, accepted the joy of living in so ardent118 a love for others that, in spite of the revolt of her youthful heart, she resigned to her friend her cousin and betrothed119, Lazare, and afterward saved the child of the disunited household, becoming its true mother; always triumphant, always gay, notwithstanding her sacrificed and ruined life, in her monotonous120 solitude121, facing the great sea, in the midst of a little world of sufferers groaning with pain, but who did not wish to die.
Then came Gervaise Macquart with her four children: bandy-legged, pretty, and industrious122 Gervaise, whom her lover Lantier turned into the street in the faubourg, where she met the zinc123 worker Coupeau, the skilful124, steady workman whom she married, and with whom she lived so happily at first, having three women working in her laundry, but afterward sinking with her husband, as was inevitable125, to the degradation126 of her surroundings. He, gradually conquered by alcohol, brought by it to madness and death; she herself perverted127, become a slattern, her moral ruin completed by the return of Lantier, living in the tranquil128 ignominy of a household of three, thenceforward the wretched victim of want, her accomplice, to which she at last succumbed129, dying one night of starvation.
Her eldest130 son, Claude, had the unhappy genius of a great painter struck with madness, the impotent madness of feeling within him the masterpiece to which his fingers refused to give shape; a giant wrestler131 always defeated, a crucified martyr132 to his work, adoring woman, sacrificing his wife Christine, so loving and for a time so beloved, to the increate, divine woman of his visions, but whom his pencil was unable to delineate in her nude133 perfection, possessed134 by a devouring passion for producing, an insatiable longing135 to create, a longing so torturing when it could not be satisfied, that he ended it by hanging himself.
Jacques brought crime, the hereditary taint136 being transmuted137 in him into an instinctive appetite for blood, the young and fresh blood from the gashed138 throat of a woman, the first comer, the passer-by in the street: a horrible malady against which he struggled, but which took possession of him again in the course of his _amour_ with the submissive and sensual Severine, whom a tragic story of assassination139 caused to live in constant terror, and whom he stabbed one evening in an excess of frenzy140, maddened by the sight of her white throat. Then this savage141 human beast rushed among the trains filing past swiftly, and mounted the snorting engine of which he was the engineer, the beloved engine which was one day to crush him to atoms, and then, left without a guide, to rush furiously off into space braving unknown disasters.
Etienne, in his turn driven out, arrived in the black country on a freezing night in March, descended143 into the voracious144 pit, fell in love with the melancholy145 Catherine, of whom a ruffian robbed him; lived with the miners their gloomy life of misery146 and base promiscuousness147, until one day when hunger, prompting rebellion, sent across the barren plain a howling mob of wretches148 who demanded bread, tearing down and burning as they went, under the menace of the guns of the band that went off of themselves, a terrible convulsion announcing the end of the world. The avenging149 blood of the Maheus was to rise up later; of Alzire dead of starvation, Maheu killed by a bullet, Zacharie killed by an explosion of fire-damp, Catherine under the ground. La Maheude alone survived to weep her dead, descending150 again into the mine to earn her thirty sons, while Etienne, the beaten chief of the band, haunted by the dread60 of future demands, went away on a warm April morning, listening to the secret growth of the new world whose germination151 was soon to dazzle the earth.
Nana then became the avenger; the girl born among the social filth152 of the faubourgs; the golden fly sprung from the rottenness below, that was tolerated and concealed154, carrying in the fluttering of its wings the ferment of destruction, rising and contaminating the aristocracy, poisoning men only by alighting upon them, in the palaces through whose windows it entered; the unconscious instrument of ruin and death--fierce flame of Vandeuvres, the melancholy fate of Foucarmont, lost in the Chinese waters, the disaster of Steiner, reduced to live as an honest man, the imbecility of La Faloise and the tragic ruin of the Muffats, and the white corpse155 of Georges, watched by Philippe, come out of prison the day before, when the air of the epoch156 was so contaminated that she herself was infected, and died of malignant157 smallpox158, caught at the death-bed of her son Louiset, while Paris passed beneath her windows, intoxicated159, possessed by the frenzy of war, rushing to general ruin.
Lastly comes Jean Macquart, the workman and soldier become again a peasant, fighting with the hard earth, which exacts that every grain of corn shall be purchased with a drop of sweat, fighting, above all, with the country people, whom covetousness160 and the long and difficult battle with the soil cause to burn with the desire, incessantly161 stimulated162, of possession. Witness the Fouans, grown old, parting with their fields as if they were parting with their flesh; the Buteaus in their eager greed committing parricide163, to hasten the inheritance of a field of lucern; the stubborn Francoise dying from the stroke of a scythe164, without speaking, rather than that a sod should go out of the family--all this drama of simple natures governed by instinct, scarcely emerged from primitive165 barbarism--all this human filth on the great earth, which alone remains immortal166, the mother from whom they issue and to whom they return again, she whom they love even to crime, who continually remakes life, for its unknown end, even with the misery and the abomination of the beings she nourishes. And it was Jean, too, who, become a widower167 and having enlisted168 again at the first rumor169 of war, brought the inexhaustible reserve, the stock of eternal rejuvenation170 which the earth keeps; Jean, the humblest, the staunchest soldier at the final downfall, swept along in the terrible and fatal storm which, from the frontier to Sedan, in sweeping171 away the Empire, threatened to sweep away the country; always wise, circumspect172, firm in his hope, loving with fraternal affection his comrade Maurice, the demented child of the people, the holocaust173 doomed174 to expiation, weeping tears of blood when inexorable destiny chose himself to hew175 off this rotten limb, and after all had ended-- the continual defeats, the frightful176 civil war, the lost provinces, the thousands of millions of francs to pay--taking up the march again, notwithstanding, returning to the land which awaited him, to the great and difficult task of making a new France.
Pascal paused; Clotilde had handed him all the packages, one by one, and he had gone over them all, laid bare the contents of all, classified them anew, and placed them again on the top shelf of the press. He was out of breath, exhausted177 by his swift course through all this humanity, while, without voice, without movement, the young girl, stunned178 by this overflowing torrent179 of life, waited still, incapable180 of thought or judgment181. The rain still beat furiously upon the dark fields. The lightning had just struck a tree in the neighborhood, that had split with a terrible crash. The candles flared182 up in the wind that came in from the open window.
"Ah!" he resumed, pointing to the papers again, "there is a world in itself, a society, a civilization, the whole of life is there, with its manifestations183, good and bad, in the heat and labor of the forge which shapes everything. Yes, our family of itself would suffice as an example to science, which will perhaps one day establish with mathematical exactness the laws governing the diseases of the blood and nerves that show themselves in a race, after a first organic lesion, and that determine, according to environment, the sentiments, desires, and passions of each individual of that race, all the human, natural and instinctive manifestations which take the names of virtues185 and vices186. And it is also a historical document, it relates the story of the Second Empire, from the _coup d'etat_ to Sedan; for our family spring from the people, they spread themselves through the whole of contemporary society, invaded every place, impelled187 by their unbridled appetites, by that impulse, essentially189 modern, that eager desire that urges the lower classes to enjoyment191, in their ascent192 through the social strata193. We started, as I have said, from Plassans, and here we are now arrived once more at Plassans."
He paused again, and then resumed in a low, dreamy voice:
"What an appalling194 mass stirred up! how many passions, how many joys, how many sufferings crammed195 into this colossal heap of facts! There is pure history: the Empire founded in blood, at first pleasure-loving and despotic, conquering rebellious196 cities, then gliding197 to a slow disintegration198, dissolving in blood--in such a sea of blood that the entire nation came near being swamped in it. There are social studies: wholesale199 and retail200 trade, prostitution, crime, land, money, the _bourgeoisie_, the people--that people who rot in the sewer201 of the faubourgs, who rebel in the great industrial centers, all that ever-increasing growth of mighty202 socialism, big with the new century. There are simple human studies: domestic pages, love stories, the struggle of minds and hearts against unjust nature, the destruction of those who cry out under their too difficult task, the cry of virtue184 immolating203 itself, victorious over pain, There are fancies, flights of the imagination beyond the real: vast gardens always in bloom, cathedrals with slender, exquisitely204 wrought206 spires207, marvelous tales come down from paradise, ideal affections remounting to heaven in a kiss. There is everything: the good and the bad, the vulgar and the sublime, flowers, mud, blood, laughter, the torrent of life itself, bearing humanity endlessly on!"
He took up again the genealogical tree which had remained neglected on the table, spread it out and began to go over it once more with his finger, enumerating208 now the members of the family who were still living: Eugene Rougon, a fallen majesty209, who remained in the Chamber210, the witness, the impassible defender211 of the old world swept away at the downfall of the Empire. Aristide Saccard, who, after having changed his principles, had fallen upon his feet a republican, the editor of a great journal, on the way to make new millions, while his natural son Victor, who had never reappeared, was living still in the shade, since he was not in the galleys212, cast forth by the world into the future, into the unknown, like a human beast foaming213 with the hereditary virus, who must communicate his malady with every bite he gives. Sidonie Rougon, who had for a time disappeared, weary of disreputable affairs, had lately retired214 to a sort of religious house, where she was living in monastic austerity, the treasurer215 of the Marriage Fund, for aiding in the marriage of girls who were mothers. Octave Mouret, proprietor216 of the great establishment _Au Bonheur des Dames_, whose colossal fortune still continued increasing, had had, toward the end of the winter, a third child by his wife Denise Baudu, whom he adored, although his mind was beginning to be deranged217 again. The Abbe Mouret, cure at St. Eutrope, in the heart of a marshy218 gorge219, lived there in great retirement220, and very modestly, with his sister Desiree, refusing all advancement221 from his bishop222, and waiting for death like a holy man, rejecting all medicines, although he was already suffering from consumption in its first stage. Helene Mouret was living very happily in seclusion223 with her second husband, M. Rambaud, on the little estate which they owned near Marseilles, on the seashore; she had had no child by her second husband. Pauline Quenu was still at Bonneville at the other extremity of France, in face of the vast ocean, alone with little Paul, since the death of Uncle Chanteau, having resolved never to marry, in order to devote herself entirely224 to the son of her cousin Lazare, who had become a widower and had gone to America to make a fortune. Etienne Lantier, returning to Paris after the strike at Montsou, had compromised himself later in the insurrection of the Commune, whose principles he had defended with ardor225; he had been condemned226 to death, but his sentence being commuted227 was transported and was now at Noumea. It was even said that he had married immediately on his arrival there, and that he had had a child, the sex of which, however, was not known with certainty. Finally, Jean Macquart, who had received his discharge after the Bloody228 Week, had settled at Valqueyras, near Plassans, where he had had the good fortune to marry a healthy girl, Melanie Vial, the daughter of a well-to-do peasant, whose lands he farmed, and his wife had borne him a son in May.
"Yes, it is true," he resumed, in a low voice; "races degenerate229. There is here a veritable exhaustion230, rapid deterioration231, as if our family, in their fury of enjoyment, in the gluttonous232 satisfaction of their appetites, had consumed themselves too quickly. Louiset, dead in infancy; Jacques Louis, a half imbecile, carried off by a nervous disease; Victor returned to the savage state, wandering about in who knows what dark places; our poor Charles, so beautiful and so frail233; these are the latest branches of the tree, the last pale offshoots into which the puissant234 sap of the larger branches seems to have been unable to mount. The worm was in the trunk, it has ascended235 into the fruit, and is devouring it. But one must never despair; families are a continual growth. They go back beyond the common ancestor, into the unfathomable strata of the races that have lived, to the first being; and they will put forth new shoots without end, they will spread and ramify to infinity236, through future ages. Look at our tree; it counts only five generations. It has not so much importance as a blade of grass, even, in the human forest, vast and dark, of which the peoples are the great secular237 oaks. Think only of the immense roots which spread through the soil; think of the continual putting forth of new leaves above, which mingle49 with other leaves of the ever-rolling sea of treetops, at the fructifying238, eternal breath of life. Well, hope lies there, in the daily reconstruction239 of the race by the new blood which comes from without. Each marriage brings other elements, good or bad, of which the effect is, however, to prevent certain and progressive regeneration. Breaches240 are repaired, faults effaced241, an equilibrium242 is inevitably243 re-established at the end of a few generations, and it is the average man that always results; vague humanity, obstinately244 pursuing its mysterious labor, marching toward its unknown end."
He paused, and heaved a deep sigh.
"Ah! our family, what is it going to become; in what being will it finally end?"
He continued, not now taking into account the survivors245 whom he had just named; having classified these, he knew what they were capable of, but he was full of keen curiosity regarding the children who were still infants. He had written to a _confrere_ in Noumea for precise information regarding the wife whom Etienne had lately married there, and the child which she had had, but he had heard nothing, and he feared greatly that on that side the tree would remain incomplete. He was more fully105 furnished with documents regarding the two children of Octave Mouret, with whom he continued to correspond; the little girl was growing up puny246 and delicate, while the little boy, who strongly resembled his mother, had developed superbly, and was perfectly247 healthy. His strongest hope, besides these, was in Jean's children, the eldest of whom was a magnificent boy, full of the youthful vigor248 of the races that go back to the soil to regenerate249 themselves. Pascal occasionally went to Valqueyras, and he returned happy from that fertile spot, where the father, quiet and rational, was always at his plow250, the mother cheerful and simple, with her vigorous frame, capable of bearing a world. Who knew what sound branch was to spring from that side? Perhaps the wise and puissant of the future were to germinate251 there. The worst of it, for the beauty of his tree, was that all these little boys and girls were still so young that he could not classify them. And his voice grew tender as he spoke of this hope of the future, these fair-haired children, in the unavowed regret for his celibacy252.
Still contemplating253 the tree spread out before him, he cried:
"And yet it is complete, it is decisive. Look! I repeat to you that all hereditary cases are to be found there. To establish my theory, I had only to base it on the collection of these facts. And indeed, the marvelous thing is that there you can put your finger on the cause why creatures born of the same stock can appear radically254 different, although they are only logical modifications255 of common ancestors. The trunk explains the branches, and these explain the leaves. In your father Saccard and your Uncle Eugene Rougon, so different in their temperaments256 and their lives, it is the same impulse which made the inordinate257 appetites of the one and the towering ambition of the other. Angelique, that pure lily, is born from the disreputable Sidonie, in the rapture258 which makes mystics or lovers, according to the environment. The three children of the Mourets are born of the same breath which makes of the clever Octave the dry goods merchant, a millionaire; of the devout259 Serge, a poor country priest; of the imbecile Desiree, a beautiful and happy girl. But the example is still more striking in the children of Gervaise; the neurosis passes down, and Nana sells herself; Etienne is a rebel; Jacques, a murderer; Claude, a genius; while Pauline, their cousin german, near by, is victorious virtue--virtue which struggles and immolates260 itself. It is heredity, life itself which makes imbeciles, madmen, criminals and great men. Cells abort261, others take their place, and we have a scoundrel or a madman instead of a man of genius, or simply an honest man. And humanity rolls on, bearing everything on its tide."
Then in a new shifting of his thought, growing still more animated, he continued:
"And animals--the beast that suffers and that loves, which is the rough sketch262, as it were, of man--all the animals our brothers, that live our life, yes, I would have put them in the ark, I would give them a place among our family, show them continually mingling263 with us, completing our existence. I have known cats whose presence was the mysterious charm of the household; dogs that were adored, whose death was mourned, and left in the heart an inconsolable grief. I have known goats, cows, and asses190 of very great importance, and whose personality played such a part that their history ought to be written. And there is our Bonhomme, our poor old horse, that has served us for a quarter of a century. Do you not think that he has mingled his life with ours, and that henceforth he is one of the family? We have modified him, as he has influenced us a little; we shall end by being made in the same image, and this is so true that now, when I see him, half blind, with wandering gaze, his legs stiff with rheumatism264, I kiss him on both cheeks as if he were a poor old relation who had fallen to my charge. Ah, animals, all creeping and crawling things, all creatures that lament265, below man, how large a place in our sympathies it would be necessary to give them in a history of life!"
This was a last cry in which Pascal gave utterance266 to his passionate267 tenderness for all created beings. He had gradually become more and more excited, and had so come to make this confession268 of his faith in the continuous and victorious work of animated nature. And Clotilde, who thus far had not spoken, pale from the catastrophe84 in which her plans had ended, at last opened her lips to ask:
"Well, master, and what am I here?"
She placed one of her slender fingers on the leaf of the tree on which she saw her name written. He had always passed this leaf by. She insisted.
"Yes, I; what am I? Why have you not read me my envelope?"
For a moment he remained silent, as if surprised at the question.
"Why? For no reason. It is true, I have nothing to conceal153 from you. You see what is written here? 'Clotilde, born in 1847. Selection of the mother. Reversional heredity, with moral and physical predominance of the maternal269 grandfather.' Nothing can be clearer. Your mother has predominated in you; you have her fine intelligence, and you have also something of her coquetry, at times of her indolence and of her submissiveness. Yes, you are very feminine, like her. Without your being aware of it, I would say that you love to be loved. Besides, your mother was a great novel reader, an imaginative being who loved to spend whole days dreaming over a book; she doted on nursery tales, had her fortune told by cards, consulted clairvoyants270; and I have always thought that your concern about spiritual matters, your anxiety about the unknown, came from that source. But what completed your character by giving you a dual45 nature, was the influence of your grandfather, Commandant Sicardot. I knew him; he was not a genius, but he had at least a great deal of uprightness and energy. Frankly271, if it were not for him, I do not believe that you would be worth much, for the other influences are hardly good. He has given you the best part of your nature, combativeness272, pride, and frankness."
She had listened to him with attention. She nodded slightly, to signify that it was indeed so, that she was not offended, although her lips trembled visibly at these new details regarding her people and her mother.
"Well," she resumed, "and you, master?"
This time he did not hesitate.
"Oh, I!" he cried, "what is the use of speaking of me? I do not belong to the family. You see what is written here. 'Pascal, born in 1813. Individual variation. Combination in which the physical and moral characters of the parents are blended, without any of their traits seeming to appear in the new being.' My mother has told me often enough that I did not belong to it, that in truth she did not know where I could have come from."
Those words came from him like a cry of relief, of involuntary joy.
"And the people make no mistake in the matter. Have you ever heard me called Pascal Rougon in the town? No; people always say simply Dr. Pascal. It is because I stand apart. And it may not be very affectionate to feel so, but I am delighted at it, for there are in truth inheritances too heavy to bear. It is of no use that I love them all. My heart beats none the less joyously273 when I feel myself another being, different from them, without any community with them. Not to be of them, my God! not to be of them! It is a breath of pure air; it is what gives me the courage to have them all here, to put them, in all their nakedness, in their envelopes, and still to find the courage to live!"
He stopped, and there was silence for a time. The rain had ceased, the storm was passing away, the thunderclaps sounded more and more distant, while from the refreshed fields, still dark, there came in through the open window a delicious odor of moist earth. In the calm air the candles were burning out with a tall, tranquil flame.
"Ah!" said Clotilde simply, with a gesture of discouragement, "what are we to become finally?"
She had declared it to herself one night, in the threshing yard; life was horrible, how could one live peaceful and happy? It was a terrible light that science threw on the world. Analysis searched every wound of humanity, in order to expose its horror. And now he had spoken still more bluntly; he had increased the disgust which she had for persons and things, pitilessly dissecting274 her family. The muddy torrent had rolled on before her for nearly three hours, and she had heard the most dreadful revelations, the harsh and terrible truth about her people, her people who were so dear to her, whom it was her duty to love; her father grown powerful through pecuniary275 crimes; her brother dissolute; her grandmother unscrupulous, covered with the blood of the just; the others almost all tainted276, drunkards, ruffians, murderers, the monstrous277 blossoming of the human tree.
The blow had been so rude that she could not yet recover from it, stunned as she was by the revelation of her whole family history, made to her in this way at a stroke. And yet the lesson was rendered innocuous, so to say, by something great and good, a breath of profound humanity which had borne her through it. Nothing bad had come to her from it. She felt herself beaten by a sharp sea wind, the storm wind which strengthens and expands the lungs. He had revealed everything, speaking freely even of his mother, without judging her, continuing to preserve toward her his deferential278 attitude, as a scientist who does not judge events. To tell everything in order to know everything, in order to remedy everything, was not this the cry which he had uttered on that beautiful summer night?
And by the very excess of what he had just revealed to her, she remained shaken, blinded by this too strong light, but understanding him at last, and confessing to herself that he was attempting in this an immense work. In spite of everything, it was a cry of health, of hope in the future. He spoke as a benefactor279 who, since heredity made the world, wished to fix its laws, in order to control it, and to make a new and happy world. Was there then only mud in this overflowing stream, whose sluices280 he had opened? How much gold had passed, mingled with the grass and the flowers on its borders? Hundreds of beings were still flying swiftly before her, and she was haunted by good and charming faces, delicate girlish profiles, by the serene281 beauty of women. All passion bled there, hearts swelled282 with every tender rapture. They were numerous, the Jeannes, the Angeliques, the Paulines, the Marthes, the Gervaises, the Helenes. They and others, even those who were least good, even terrible men, the worst of the band, showed a brotherhood283 with humanity.
And it was precisely284 this breath which she had felt pass, this broad current of sympathy, that he had introduced naturally into his exact scientific lesson. He did not seem to be moved; he preserved the impersonal285 and correct attitude of the demonstrator, but within him what tender suffering, what a fever of devotion, what a giving up of his whole being to the happiness of others? His entire work, constructed with such mathematical precision, was steeped in this fraternal suffering, even in its most cruel ironies286. Had he not just spoken of the animals, like an elder brother of the wretched living beings that suffer? Suffering exasperated287 him; his wrath288 was because of his too lofty dream, and he had become harsh only in his hatred289 of the factitious and the transitory; dreaming of working, not for the polite society of a time, but for all humanity in the gravest hours of its history. Perhaps, even, it was this revolt against the vulgarity of the time which had made him throw himself, in bold defiance290, into theories and their application. And the work remained human, overflowing as it was with an infinite pity for beings and things.
Besides, was it not life? There is no absolute evil. Most often a virtue presents itself side by side with a defect. No man is bad to every one, each man makes the happiness of some one; so that, when one does not view things from a single standpoint only, one recognizes in the end the utility of every human being. Those who believe in God should say to themselves that if their God does not strike the wicked dead, it is because he sees his work in its totality, and that he cannot descend142 to the individual. Labor ends to begin anew; the living, as a whole, continue, in spite of everything, admirable in their courage and their industry; and love of life prevails over all.
This giant labor of men, this obstinacy291 in living, is their excuse, is redemption. And then, from a great height the eye saw only this continual struggle, and a great deal of good, in spite of everything, even though there might be a great deal of evil. One shared the general indulgence, one pardoned, one had only an infinite pity and an ardent charity. The haven292 was surely there, waiting those who have lost faith in dogmas, who wish to understand the meaning of their lives, in the midst of the apparent iniquity293 of the world. One must live for the effort of living, for the stone to be carried to the distant and unknown work, and the only possible peace in the world is in the joy of making this effort.
Another hour passed; the entire night had flown by in this terrible lesson of life, without either Pascal or Clotilde being conscious of where they were, or of the flight of time. And he, overworked for some time past, and worn out by the life of suspicion and sadness which he had been leading, started nervously294, as if he had suddenly awakened295.
"Come, you know all; do you feel your heart strong, tempered by the truth, full of pardon and of hope? Are you with me?"
But, still stunned by the frightful moral shock which she had received, she too, started, bewildered. Her old beliefs had been so completely overthrown296, so many new ideas were awakening297 within her, that she did not dare to question herself, in order to find an answer. She felt herself seized and carried away by the omnipotence298 of truth. She endured it without being convinced.
And they remained for a moment face to face, looking at each other. Day was breaking, a dawn of exquisite205 purity, far off in the vast, clear sky, washed by the storm. Not a cloud now stained the pale azure300 tinged301 with rose color. All the cheerful sounds of awakening life in the rain-drenched fields came in through the window, while the candles, burned down to the socket302, paled in the growing light.
"Answer; are you with me, altogether with me?"
For a moment he thought she was going to throw herself on his neck and burst into tears. A sudden impulse seemed to impel188 her. But they saw each other in their semi-nudity. She, who had not noticed it before, was now conscious that she was only half dressed, that her arms were bare, her shoulders bare, covered only by the scattered303 locks of her unbound hair, and on her right shoulder, near the armpit, on lowering her eyes, she perceived again the few drops of blood of the bruise304 which he had given her, when he had grasped her roughly, in struggling to master her. Then an extraordinary confusion took possession of her, a certainty that she was going to be vanquished, as if by this grasp he had become her master, and forever. This sensation was prolonged; she was seized and drawn on, without the consent of her will, by an irresistible305 impulse to submit.
Abruptly306 Clotilde straightened herself, struggling with herself, wishing to reflect and to recover herself. She pressed her bare arms against her naked throat. All the blood in her body rushed to her skin in a rosy307 blush of shame. Then, in her divine and slender grace, she turned to flee.
"Master, master, let me go--I will see--"
With the swiftness of alarmed maidenhood308, she took refuge in her chamber, as she had done once before. He heard her lock the door hastily, with a double turn of the key. He remained alone, and he asked himself suddenly, seized by infinite discouragement and sadness, if he had done right in speaking, if the truth would germinate in this dear and adored creature, and bear one day a harvest of happiness.
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1
disorder
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| n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调 | |
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2
fusion
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| n.溶化；熔解；熔化状态，熔和；熔接 | |
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abrupt
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| adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 | |
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4
somber
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| adj.昏暗的，阴天的，阴森的，忧郁的 | |
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meditation
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| n.熟虑，（尤指宗教的）默想，沉思，（pl.）冥想录 | |
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6
erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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7
scruples
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| n.良心上的不安( scruple的名词复数 )；顾虑，顾忌v.感到于心不安，有顾忌( scruple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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delicacy
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| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
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supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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10
inflict
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| vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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feverish
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| adj.发烧的，狂热的，兴奋的 | |
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13
plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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14
emanating
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| v.从…处传出，传出( emanate的现在分词 )；产生，表现，显示 | |
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15
avalanche
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| n.雪崩，大量涌来 | |
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impending
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| a.imminent, about to come or happen | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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tolerance
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| n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差 | |
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19
abominable
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| adj.可厌的，令人憎恶的 | |
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20
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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21
virile
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| adj.男性的；有男性生殖力的；有男子气概的；强有力的 | |
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22
constrained
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| adj.束缚的,节制的 | |
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subjugated
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| v.征服，降伏( subjugate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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24
afterward
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| adv.后来；以后 | |
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inscribing
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| v.写，刻( inscribe的现在分词 ) | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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symbolical
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| a.象征性的 | |
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subdivided
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| 再分，细分( subdivide的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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hereditary
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| adj.遗传的，遗传性的，可继承的，世袭的 | |
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30
labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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31
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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conclusive
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| adj.最后的，结论的；确凿的，消除怀疑的 | |
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33
legitimate
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| adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法 | |
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34
extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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35
tragic
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| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
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36
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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differentiation
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| n.区别，区分 | |
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39
dissemination
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| 传播,宣传,传染(病毒) | |
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40
noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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41
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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42
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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43
collateral
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| adj.平行的；旁系的；n.担保品 | |
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44
efface
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| v.擦掉，抹去 | |
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45
dual
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| adj.双的；二重的，二元的 | |
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46
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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47
impartially
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| adv.公平地，无私地 | |
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48
mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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49
mingle
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| vt.使混合，使相混；vi.混合起来；相交往 | |
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50
infancy
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| n.婴儿期；幼年期；初期 | |
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51
stammeringly
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| adv.stammering（口吃的）的变形 | |
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52
domain
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| n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围 | |
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53
definitive
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| adj.确切的，权威性的；最后的，决定性的 | |
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54
fresco
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| n.壁画；vt.作壁画于 | |
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55
vacancy
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| n.（旅馆的）空位，空房，（职务的）空缺 | |
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56
alphabetical
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| adj.字母（表）的，依字母顺序的 | |
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57
deluge
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| n./vt.洪水，暴雨，使泛滥 | |
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58
peals
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| n.（声音大而持续或重复的）洪亮的响声( peal的名词复数 )；隆隆声；洪亮的钟声；钟乐v.（使）（钟等）鸣响，（雷等）发出隆隆声( peal的第三人称单数 ) | |
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59
peal
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| n.钟声；v.鸣响 | |
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60
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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61
anguish
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| n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼 | |
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62
miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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63
expiation
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| n.赎罪，补偿 | |
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64
legislative
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| n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的 | |
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65
presidency
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| n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期) | |
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66
portfolio
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| n.公事包；文件夹；大臣及部长职位 | |
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67
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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68
devoured
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| 吞没( devour的过去式和过去分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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69
vehement
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| adj.感情强烈的；热烈的；(人)有强烈感情的 | |
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70
vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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71
quarry
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| n.采石场；v.采石；费力地找 | |
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72
devouring
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| 吞没( devour的现在分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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73
speculation
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| n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机 | |
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74
squandered
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| v.（指钱，财产等）浪费，乱花( squander的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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75
vanquished
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| v.征服( vanquish的过去式和过去分词 )；战胜；克服；抑制 | |
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76
civilizing
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| v.使文明，使开化( civilize的现在分词 ) | |
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77
engulfing
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| adj.吞噬的v.吞没，包住( engulf的现在分词 ) | |
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78
sycophant
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| n.马屁精 | |
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79
embroiderer
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| 刺绣工 | |
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80
triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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81
nuptials
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| n.婚礼；婚礼( nuptial的名词复数 ) | |
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82
espousing
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| v.（决定）支持，拥护（目标、主张等）( espouse的现在分词 ) | |
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83
catastrophes
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| n.灾祸( catastrophe的名词复数 )；灾难；不幸事件；困难 | |
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84
catastrophe
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| n.大灾难，大祸 | |
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85
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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86
conflagration
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| n.建筑物或森林大火 | |
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87
conqueror
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| n.征服者，胜利者 | |
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88
corrupt
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| v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的 | |
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89
sentimental
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| adj.多愁善感的，感伤的 | |
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90
laborious
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| adj.吃力的，努力的，不流畅 | |
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91
combative
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| adj.好战的；好斗的 | |
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92
ferment
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| vt.使发酵；n./vt.（使）激动，（使）动乱 | |
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93
victorious
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| adj.胜利的，得胜的 | |
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94
colossal
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| adj.异常的，庞大的 | |
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95
overflowing
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| n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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96
avenger
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| n. 复仇者 | |
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97
groaning
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| adj. 呜咽的, 呻吟的 动词groan的现在分词形式 | |
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98
apotheosis
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| n.神圣之理想；美化；颂扬 | |
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99
malady
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| n.病，疾病(通常做比喻) | |
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100
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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101
sublime
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| adj.崇高的，伟大的；极度的，不顾后果的 | |
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102
accomplice
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| n.从犯，帮凶，同谋 | |
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103
swarming
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| 密集( swarm的现在分词 )； 云集； 成群地移动； 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 | |
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104
poultry
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| n.家禽，禽肉 | |
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105
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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106
boundless
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| adj.无限的；无边无际的；巨大的 | |
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107
morbid
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| adj.病的；致病的；病态的；可怕的 | |
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108
jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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109
instinctive
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| adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的 | |
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110
discreet
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| adj.(言行)谨慎的；慎重的；有判断力的 | |
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111
cemetery
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| n.坟墓，墓地，坟场 | |
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112
apron
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| n.围裙；工作裙 | |
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113
execrated
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| v.憎恶( execrate的过去式和过去分词 )；厌恶；诅咒；咒骂 | |
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114
laboring
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| n.劳动，操劳v.努力争取(for)( labor的现在分词 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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115
digestion
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| n.消化，吸收 | |
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116
sanest
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| adj.心智健全的( sane的最高级 )；神志正常的；明智的；稳健的 | |
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117
virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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118
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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119
betrothed
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| n. 已订婚者 动词betroth的过去式和过去分词 | |
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120
monotonous
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| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
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121
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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122
industrious
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| adj.勤劳的，刻苦的，奋发的 | |
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123
zinc
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| n.锌；vt.在...上镀锌 | |
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124
skilful
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| (=skillful)adj.灵巧的，熟练的 | |
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125
inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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126
degradation
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| n.降级；低落；退化；陵削；降解；衰变 | |
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127
perverted
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| adj.不正当的v.滥用( pervert的过去式和过去分词 )；腐蚀；败坏；使堕落 | |
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128
tranquil
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| adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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129
succumbed
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| 不再抵抗（诱惑、疾病、攻击等）( succumb的过去式和过去分词 )； 屈从； 被压垮； 死 | |
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130
eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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131
wrestler
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| n.摔角选手，扭 | |
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132
martyr
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| n.烈士，殉难者；vt.杀害，折磨，牺牲 | |
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133
nude
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| adj.裸体的；n.裸体者，裸体艺术品 | |
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134
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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135
longing
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| n.（for）渴望 | |
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136
taint
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| n.污点；感染；腐坏；v.使感染；污染 | |
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137
transmuted
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| v.使变形，使变质，把…变成…( transmute的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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138
gashed
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| v.划伤，割破( gash的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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139
assassination
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| n.暗杀；暗杀事件 | |
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140
frenzy
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| n.疯狂，狂热，极度的激动 | |
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141
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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142
descend
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| vt./vi.传下来，下来，下降 | |
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143
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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144
voracious
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| adj.狼吞虎咽的，贪婪的 | |
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145
melancholy
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| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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146
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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147
promiscuousness
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| n.promiscuous（混杂的，乱七八糟的，杂乱的）的变形 | |
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148
wretches
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| n.不幸的人( wretch的名词复数 )；可怜的人；恶棍；坏蛋 | |
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149
avenging
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| adj.报仇的，复仇的v.为…复仇，报…之仇( avenge的现在分词 )；为…报复 | |
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150
descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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151
germination
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| n.萌芽，发生；萌发；生芽；催芽 | |
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152
filth
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| n.肮脏，污物，污秽；淫猥 | |
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153
conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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154
concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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155
corpse
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| n.尸体，死尸 | |
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156
epoch
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| n.(新)时代；历元 | |
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157
malignant
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| adj.恶性的，致命的；恶意的，恶毒的 | |
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158
smallpox
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| n.天花 | |
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159
intoxicated
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| 喝醉的，极其兴奋的 | |
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160
covetousness
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161
incessantly
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| ad.不停地 | |
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162
stimulated
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| a.刺激的 | |
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163
parricide
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| n.杀父母；杀亲罪 | |
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164
scythe
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| n. 长柄的大镰刀，战车镰； v. 以大镰刀割 | |
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165
primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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166
immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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167
widower
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| n.鳏夫 | |
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168
enlisted
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| adj.应募入伍的v.（使）入伍， （使）参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 )；获得（帮助或支持） | |
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169
rumor
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| n.谣言，谣传，传说 | |
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170
rejuvenation
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| n. 复原，再生, 更新, 嫩化, 恢复 | |
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171
sweeping
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| adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的 | |
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172
circumspect
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| adj.慎重的，谨慎的 | |
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173
holocaust
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| n.大破坏；大屠杀 | |
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174
doomed
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| 命定的 | |
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175
hew
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| v.砍；伐；削 | |
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176
frightful
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| adj.可怕的；讨厌的 | |
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177
exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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178
stunned
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| adj. 震惊的，惊讶的 动词stun的过去式和过去分词 | |
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179
torrent
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| n.激流，洪流；爆发，(话语等的)连发 | |
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180
incapable
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| adj.无能力的，不能做某事的 | |
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181
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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182
Flared
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| adj. 端部张开的, 爆发的, 加宽的, 漏斗式的 动词flare的过去式和过去分词 | |
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183
manifestations
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| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
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184
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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185
virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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186
vices
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| 缺陷( vice的名词复数 )； 恶习； 不道德行为； 台钳 | |
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187
impelled
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| v.推动、推进或敦促某人做某事( impel的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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188
impel
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| v.推动；激励，迫使 | |
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189
essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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190
asses
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| n. 驴，愚蠢的人，臀部 adv. (常用作后置)用于贬损或骂人 | |
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191
enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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192
ascent
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| n.(声望或地位)提高；上升，升高；登高 | |
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193
strata
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| n.地层（复数）；社会阶层 | |
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194
appalling
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| adj.骇人听闻的，令人震惊的，可怕的 | |
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195
crammed
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| adj.塞满的，挤满的；大口地吃；快速贪婪地吃v.把…塞满；填入；临时抱佛脚( cram的过去式) | |
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196
rebellious
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| adj.造反的，反抗的，难控制的 | |
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197
gliding
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| v. 滑翔 adj. 滑动的 | |
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198
disintegration
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| n.分散，解体 | |
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199
wholesale
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| n.批发；adv.以批发方式；vt.批发，成批出售 | |
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200
retail
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| v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格 | |
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201
sewer
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| n.排水沟，下水道 | |
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202
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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203
immolating
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| v.宰杀…作祭品( immolate的现在分词 ) | |
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204
exquisitely
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| adv.精致地；强烈地；剧烈地；异常地 | |
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205
exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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206
wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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207
spires
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| n.（教堂的） 塔尖，尖顶( spire的名词复数 ) | |
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208
enumerating
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| v.列举，枚举，数( enumerate的现在分词 ) | |
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209
majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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210
chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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211
defender
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| n.保卫者，拥护者，辩护人 | |
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212
galleys
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| n.平底大船，战舰( galley的名词复数 )；（船上或航空器上的）厨房 | |
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213
foaming
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| adj.布满泡沫的；发泡 | |
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214
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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215
treasurer
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| n.司库，财务主管 | |
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216
proprietor
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| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
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217
deranged
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| adj.疯狂的 | |
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218
marshy
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| adj.沼泽的 | |
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219
gorge
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| n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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220
retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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221
advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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222
bishop
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| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
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223
seclusion
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| n.隐遁，隔离 | |
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224
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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225
ardor
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| n.热情，狂热 | |
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226
condemned
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| adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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227
commuted
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| 通勤( commute的过去式和过去分词 )； 减（刑）； 代偿 | |
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228
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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229
degenerate
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| v.退步，堕落；adj.退步的，堕落的；n.堕落者 | |
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230
exhaustion
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| n.耗尽枯竭，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽，详尽无遗的论述 | |
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231
deterioration
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|
| n.退化；恶化；变坏 | |
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232
gluttonous
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| adj.贪吃的，贪婪的 | |
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233
frail
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| adj.身体虚弱的；易损坏的 | |
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234
puissant
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| adj.强有力的 | |
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235
ascended
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|
| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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236
infinity
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| n.无限，无穷，大量 | |
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237
secular
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| n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的 | |
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238
fructifying
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| v.结果实( fructify的现在分词 )；使结果实，使多产，使土地肥沃 | |
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239
reconstruction
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| n.重建，再现，复原 | |
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240
breaches
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| 破坏( breach的名词复数 )； 破裂； 缺口； 违背 | |
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241
effaced
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| v.擦掉( efface的过去式和过去分词 )；抹去；超越；使黯然失色 | |
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242
equilibrium
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| n.平衡，均衡，相称，均势，平静 | |
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243
inevitably
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| adv.不可避免地；必然发生地 | |
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244
obstinately
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| ad.固执地，顽固地 | |
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245
survivors
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| 幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 ) | |
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246
puny
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| adj.微不足道的，弱小的 | |
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247
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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248
vigor
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| n.活力，精力，元气 | |
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249
regenerate
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| vt.使恢复，使新生；vi.恢复，再生；adj.恢复的 | |
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250
plow
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| n.犁，耕地，犁过的地；v.犁，费力地前进[英]plough | |
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251
germinate
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| v.发芽；发生；发展 | |
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252
celibacy
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| n.独身(主义) | |
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253
contemplating
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| 深思，细想，仔细考虑( contemplate的现在分词 )； 注视，凝视； 考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）； 深思熟虑，沉思，苦思冥想 | |
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254
radically
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| ad.根本地，本质地 | |
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255
modifications
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| n.缓和( modification的名词复数 )；限制；更改；改变 | |
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256
temperaments
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| 性格( temperament的名词复数 )； （人或动物的）气质； 易冲动； （性情）暴躁 | |
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257
inordinate
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| adj.无节制的；过度的 | |
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258
rapture
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| n.狂喜；全神贯注；着迷；v.使狂喜 | |
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259
devout
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| adj.虔诚的，虔敬的，衷心的 (n.devoutness) | |
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260
immolates
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| vt.宰杀…作祭品（immolate的第三人称单数形式） | |
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261
abort
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| v.使流产，堕胎；中止；中止(工作、计划等) | |
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262
sketch
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| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
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263
mingling
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| adj.混合的 | |
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264
rheumatism
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| n.风湿病 | |
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265
lament
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| n.悲叹，悔恨，恸哭；v.哀悼，悔恨，悲叹 | |
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266
utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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267
passionate
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的 | |
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268
confession
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| n.自白，供认，承认 | |
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269
maternal
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| adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的 | |
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270
clairvoyants
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| n.透视者，千里眼的人( clairvoyant的名词复数 ) | |
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271
frankly
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| adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说 | |
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272
combativeness
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| n.好战 | |
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273
joyously
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| ad.快乐地, 高兴地 | |
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274
dissecting
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| v.解剖（动物等）( dissect的现在分词 )；仔细分析或研究 | |
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275
pecuniary
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| adj.金钱的；金钱上的 | |
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276
tainted
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| adj.腐坏的；污染的；沾污的；感染的v.使变质( taint的过去式和过去分词 )；使污染；败坏；被污染，腐坏，败坏 | |
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277
monstrous
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| adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的 | |
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278
deferential
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| adj. 敬意的，恭敬的 | |
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279
benefactor
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| n. 恩人，行善的人，捐助人 | |
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280
sluices
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| n.水闸( sluice的名词复数 )；（用水闸控制的）水；有闸人工水道；漂洗处v.冲洗( sluice的第三人称单数 )；（指水）喷涌而出；漂净；给…安装水闸 | |
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281
serene
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| adj. 安详的，宁静的，平静的 | |
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282
swelled
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| 增强( swell的过去式和过去分词 )； 肿胀； （使）凸出； 充满（激情） | |
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283
brotherhood
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| n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊 | |
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284
precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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285
impersonal
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| adj.无个人感情的，与个人无关的，非人称的 | |
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286
ironies
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| n.反语( irony的名词复数 )；冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事；嘲弄 | |
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287
exasperated
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| adj.恼怒的 | |
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288
wrath
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| n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒 | |
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289
hatred
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| n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨 | |
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290
defiance
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| n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗 | |
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291
obstinacy
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| n.顽固；（病痛等）难治 | |
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292
haven
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| n.安全的地方，避难所，庇护所 | |
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293
iniquity
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| n.邪恶；不公正 | |
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294
nervously
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| adv.神情激动地，不安地 | |
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295
awakened
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| v.（使）醒( awaken的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）觉醒；弄醒；（使）意识到 | |
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296
overthrown
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| adj. 打翻的，推倒的，倾覆的 动词overthrow的过去分词 | |
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297
awakening
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| n.觉醒，醒悟 adj.觉醒中的；唤醒的 | |
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298
omnipotence
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| n.全能，万能，无限威力 | |
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299
stammered
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| v.结巴地说出( stammer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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300
azure
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| adj.天蓝色的，蔚蓝色的 | |
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301
tinged
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| v.（使）发丁丁声( ting的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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302
socket
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| n.窝，穴，孔，插座，插口 | |
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303
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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304
bruise
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| n.青肿，挫伤；伤痕；vt.打青；挫伤 | |
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305
irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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306
abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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307
rosy
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| adj.美好的，乐观的，玫瑰色的 | |
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308
maidenhood
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| n. 处女性, 处女时代 | |
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