Arms folded over the rail, Hugh Kent looked forward into the opaque2 dimness. From the main deck below the plaint of a bamboo flute3 came softly up to him. The following wind brought stray bits of the dance music from astern where the cabin passengers were enjoying their last night at sea. Ahead the Orient, dim, mysterious, indefinitely veiled as the flute notes—behind him the virile4, strident, restless clamor of the West; ever approaching, the two, East and West, seeking to blend, even partly blending, yet each as yet too strongly individual, mutually strange, to combine in full harmony.
The vastness of space, vagueness of translucent5 darkness, shimmer6 of niveous sparkle of foam7 cascaded8 before the tall prow9 and glimmer10 of phosphorescence flickering11 in the dark water below, all induced to introspection, reflection, vague wonder as to what lay before him, what new revelations would life in Japan bring to him.
It had surely changed vastly in the score of years which had passed since he had left it, at fifteen. He[Pg 4] would find much that he knew though, would enjoy recapturing fluency12 in the speech which he had prattled13 expertly as a toddler in amah's care and as a boy in the streets and gardens of Kyoto. It would be a new, a more sophisticated Japan that he would see, spoiled without doubt; still how he had longed for years to return, to rediscover.
A shadow fell over his thoughts. How he had cherished that dream, a few years ago, during the first years of their marriage, to go there with Isabel. How they had both looked forward to it, to the time when he should attain14 a post as correspondent at Tokyo for one of the great dailies, to which his knowledge of the language gave him good reason to aspire15. Even after the first years of marriage had passed, when in time they had gradually drifted apart, had become almost indifferent, he had hoped that when Japan should provide a new scene for their lives, it might be possible to revive interest, to make a new start. He had felt that it contained some vague potentiality of that sort, and when the offer came from the San Francisco Herald16 to be its Tokyo correspondent, he had felt certain that the opportunity had come for them, that she would appreciate it as well as he. For that reason he had said nothing to her about it until every arrangement had been made, the contract signed, that he might carry the glad tidings to her, complete, that the realization17 of all that this meant to them might sweep her off her feet and envelop18 her, as it had him. And then the shock of her absolute coldness, when he had brought his surprise to her; her absolute refusal to go to Japan. It had thrown him off his feet, confused him, so that when she reproached him with secrecy19, with having taken this important step without even consulting her, trying to learn her wishes, he had been able to explain only confusedly how with[Pg 5] the very best intentions he had meant to give her a splendid surprise; how, in fact, he had had to restrain himself from telling her when the first inkling of the great news came, just in order that he might make the marvel20 of the revelation more complete. As he had tried to justify21 himself, to explain, to convince her, her indifference22 had baffled him—surely, commonplace and torpid23 as their relations had become, he had never felt towards her the indifference which she apparently24 felt towards him. And this had been followed by her absolute refusal to go with him, accompanied by her statement that she did not object to his going, that, in fact, she could understand that he must not lose the great opportunity, that it really might be for the best for both of them to live apart for some time, for some years—she had veiled her speech in obscure indefiniteness, giving him, suddenly, the impression that she expected that they would never come together again.
It had been borne in on him that in her heart she welcomed this as an opportunity to end, through propitious25 circumstance, a relationship which had become apathetic26, a marriage which had failed. He could understand her feeling—the thought was not unfamiliar27 to him—but she had evidently progressed much farther than had he on the road of indifference. Further conversations had brought the same result. She had resolutely28 refused to place credence29 in his belief that life in a new country might revive affection. She was not romantic, she had said, and it was plain that separation would cause neither of them to suffer. He had felt that had she given him but a little encouragement, the slightest sympathy, he might ardently30 have swept her over to his belief that here lay a chance for renewal31 of the affection of the first years; but her indifference had chilled him.
So they had parted, phlegmatically32. Now he felt certain that this episode had come to an end. He had tried marriage, and it had been a failure. And such a stupid failure. There had been no other woman, and, he felt sure, no other man. It had failed simply through inanition. Still, it might have been worse. At least, there was no heartbreak, no anguish33. He had tried the marriage experiment. Probably he would never have been content until he had tried it. Now, he had found that it did not work; yet he was not much the worse. He enjoyed the company of women only in the manner of a mild stimulant34. Thus he would live henceforth. He would have his new work to occupy him, and curiosity to lift the curtain veiling the mystery of marriage would not affect him. Like men who regard lack of desire for liquor as an asset, thus he felt that his freedom from relation to, from craving35 for woman would be an advantage. It would make for a peaceful and well-ordered life.
His thoughts lost themselves in indefiniteness, a pleasant Nirvana of emptiness which resented the sound of footsteps approaching along the deck behind him. He turned, annoyed. Still, it was not so bad. He would rather have it be Lüttich than any of the others. The Russian had a fortunate faculty36 of sympathetic adjustment, of ever being able to attune37 himself to one's mood of the moment, serious, gay, reflective. And he admired his talents, the facility with which he spoke38 French, German, English, even Japanese, his easy mastery of the violin, and, above all, his unobtrusive friendliness39. He felt for him, also, sympathy for his misfortunes and admiration40 for the careless manner in which he had adapted himself to new circumstances. Hardships as an officer during the war, imprisonment41, escape through Siberia, and, finally, adjustment to a fairly precarious42 existence as a teacher[Pg 7] of languages and the violin to Japanese, had caused no bitterness. "You never know what it is to be free from care until you have lost everything," he had explained to Hugh. "Nichivo!"
Hugh smiled. "Something like that. One dreams, reflects, speculates at the future."
The Russian snapped his fingers. "Unprofitable. If the dreams are pleasant, disappointment and disillusionment follow. If they are unpleasant, why, they are not worth having. The true philosophy lies in gathering44 the fullest measure of the pleasures of the moment. This is the last night on board, remember. They are short of men, as usual. Come on. Join the dance, and have a drink with me, auf wiedersehen in Japan."
They walked aft together, where the ship's orchestra played to the couples dancing in the obscure half-light of the moon and the Japanese lanterns strung crisscross in wavy45 lines. Along the wall of the deckhouse tables and chairs had been set close together so as to give room for the dancers. They sat down and had their drink. Hugh was still half immersed in reverie, but the Russian was active, febrile. Presently he joined the dancers. Hugh watched the scene languidly. He could always find enjoyment46, food for idle speculation47 in the odd assortment48 of passengers, international, Americans and Japanese predominating; some falling into easily defined classes, missionaries49, business men, tourists; others more definitely characteristic, individualistic; some particularly interesting in their baffling of curiosity, about whom ship's gossip had contrived50 fanciful fables51.
At the table next to him sat Baron52 Saiki, returning after years of service at the Japanese Embassy at[Pg 8] Washington, man of the world, polyglot53, marvelously well informed in international politics, a striking contrast to his wife, who spoke little and who appeared to have retained, in spite of years of residence abroad, the self-effacement of Japanese women. Another contrast, again, was young Miss Suzuki, who sat with them, college educated in America, stylish54, with even a French-like chic55, in her fashionable gown and cleverly arranged hair. Farther over was Miss Wilson, an American stenographer56 returning to Yokohama, after a vacation in California, with Miss Elliott, who had lived long in Japan where she was beginning to make a success with her painting, water colors following largely the manner of the Japanese color prints, but combining therewith a hint of Maxfield Parrish, with intense blues57 and deft58 arrangement of light and shadow contrast, which she cleverly contrived to work out into a style quite peculiarly her own. She was one of the passengers whom Hugh hoped he would meet again in his life in Japan.
Still farther over was a group of tourists, guidebooks on the table before them, arranging the itinerary59 for a breathless chase through the most conspicuous60 marvels61 of Japan. Then a table with a couple of girls with bobbed hair, and a youth on his way to Shanghai. Farther over were others whose faces were half effaced62 in the shadows. The approach to land caused general animation63. The dancers swung and gyrated to the rhythm of jazz. Good-bys were said and promises to meet in Japan made as drinks more numerous than usual marked the last night at sea.
"Are you glad to come back to Japan?"
It was Miss Suzuki who had turned to him. She spoke in Japanese. He had often practiced speaking the language with her, rejoicing at the facility with which he was regaining64 the once familiar tongue.
[Pg 9]
"Of course, though to me it will be like a new country," he answered. "But I know that you must certainly be happy to return."
He was surprised to see the wistful expression which came over her face. "I don't know." She spoke in English. He had noticed that she found greater facility therein than in Japanese. "I don't know. I was only eight when I left Japan. I am afraid I have become too foreign in my ways and my mind, and my parents are such old-fashioned Japanese. It may be very difficult; I am really quite afraid."
The orchestra crashed into a new dance. From the dimness beyond the lanterns the ship's Adonis strode into the light, a young fellow on his way to Tokyo as a student interpreter. He walked towards Miss Wilson. Hugh saw her straighten expectantly, eyes meeting the boy. But Adonis' roving eye had perceived Miss Kanae, a Japanese girl who with her parents had joined the ship at Honolulu. He changed direction, bowed, smiled, and the two glided65 in among the dancing couples.
Miss Wilson flushed angrily. Her glance swept away, encountered his for a moment, took in his companion with obvious disapproval66.
"I don't see how a white man can bring himself to dance with one of these."
It was said loudly enough to carry across the tables. Evidently intentionally67, with a desire to wound. Hugh saw the Baron wince68 almost imperceptibly. He knew that the girl at his side must have heard. The orchestra fiddled69 on to a crashing finish. The dancers called for an encore. The violins struck up again. Hugh turned to her.
"I wish you would let me have this dance, Miss Suzuki?"
He saw her flush. "I think I would rather not. I did not think you danced. I have not seen you dance at all."
"I have not." He did not care greatly for dancing. "But this is the last night, you know. Surely you will not deny me this one dance at parting."
She hesitated. He bowed ceremoniously. She arose slowly, and he led her out among the dancers. He was pleased to find how lightly she danced, elfin-like fine and graceful70 movements following his. The glare of Miss Wilson's eyes directly into his as they passed her gave him grim satisfaction. He knew that she knew what was in his mind. She would be implacable. How easy it was to make enemies in this world. He danced mechanically. The thought spoiled his enjoyment. Then his mind reverted71 to his partner. She was smiling up to him. What a shame it was to wound wantonly such a dainty child, for, after all, that was all she was.
"We shall dance often like this, in Japan, shall we not?"
He made up his mind that he must try to come into touch with her in Tokyo. The music ceased. He led her back to her seat. The Baron smiled. "You will have a drink with me before we go below, Mr. Kent. It is getting late, but we shall have our nightcap." They drank slowly. "I hope to see you in Tokyo," said the Baron. "Your business will take you to the Foreign Office very often, I know. I expect to be in Japan for a while. Look me up there. I may be of some use to you. Good night."
After all, how easy it was to make friends, also.
They arose. The Baroness73 bowed to him silently. The girl gave him her hand. "Good night. Arigato de gozaimazu." She smiled to him and followed the[Pg 11] others before he could collect himself to reply. She was a charming child. He hoped that he would come to know her better, in Japan.
The Russian came up to him. "Good boy." He patted him on the shoulder. So others had noticed. He looked over for the Wilson girl, but she had disappeared. Miss Elliott caught his glance, beckoned74 him over.
"You throw yourself into the battle quickly, even before you have reached Japan," she smiled. "You have chosen your side early. It may not be entirely75 wise, but I liked it. Thank you."
It embarrassed him. "But surely it was the only thing to do, you know. She heard it. It was so unexpected, so utterly76 undeserved."
"I know. Still, you will see much of just that kind of thing in Japan. I feel sorry for that poor girl. She will have a hard time, and she suspects it. You know, she went to America when she was only eight years old, was adopted by her uncle and aunt. They sent her to college. She has been thoroughly77 foreignized. Now they have both died and she is going back to her own family. I know of them. Her brothers have both been abroad and have the foreign manner, but they are Japanese. She is nothing, neither Japanese nor foreign, or, rather, she is both, Japanese body and foreign mind. And her parents are typically old-fashioned Japanese. She has learned to expect the courtesy, the deference78 paid our women, the 'ladies first' of our world. Now she will be forced into the strait-jacket of Japanese women. She will be beautifully dressed and will have motor cars and all that, but she will learn that her freedom is gone, her personality is gone, and that it is 'men first' always in Japan. That is the way it will be with her with the Japanese, and then, if she goes with the foreigners, if she is allowed to mingle79 with them well—you saw what happened to-night. It is fortunate for her that she will not live in Yokohama. In Tokyo it is better. There the foreigners are scattered80, and they mingle more sympathetically, generally, with the Japanese; but in Yokohama, where all the foreigners live together in the Settlement, with their little cliques81, and coteries82, and constant gossip and observing what every one does, there a girl like she is much held at arm's length. It is the women mainly who cause it. They make the men feel that they must not show too much interest, or they suffer their displeasure."
"A mere child." She laughed. "I have so often wondered, when the men always say that about these girls, whether they really are so dense84. Is it possible that the mere smallness and quaintness85 really blind them. Can't they see that they are as much women as we are, with the same thoughts, with passions as intense as those of all other women. Of course, many of the men must know better, must have learned——" She seemed to seek for words, gave it up, laughed. "You know, I am becoming involved in a delicate subject. After all, you must see for yourself and form your own conclusions."
The Russian was coming towards them. She rose. "It is late, and we must be up early if we are to see Fuji. If you want more information, ask Mr. Lüttich. Men can explain such things better. Good night."
"Lüttich," Kent turned to the Russian. "Miss Elliott was just hinting that the lot of the foreign-educated Japanese girl in Japan is not a very happy one. What do you know about it? It interests me."
Lüttich shrugged86 his shoulders. "One of the pangs87 of the transition that Japan is going through. It is the whole keynote to Japan to-day. The nation is trying to squeeze a feudal88 chain and mail outfit89 in under the white shirt front of modernity, and the process causes difficulties. The point is that, with all her modern veneer90, railroads, electric lights, factories, street cars and all that, Japan is still feudal entirely in thought. Take your friend, Baron Saiki, for instance; as polished a diplomat91 as you can find in Washington or London. To-morrow, back in Japan, his mind will be as feudal as was that of his ancestors three hundred years ago. In fact, it has always remained so, but the Japanese have learned to put on a foreign suit of thought, just as they put on a foreign suit of clothes, and, under it all, the old feudal thought remains92 unchanged, just like their skins.
"In that way you see these well-bred men and women of Japan attending social functions, dressed like us, acting93 like us, following our codes and manners, and that is about all you see of their lives, the modern, the outward part. But the everyday life, that which goes on behind the walls and shoji, which you seldom get even a glimpse of, that has not changed. There the old feudal era is persisting. The wife is subservient94 to her husband, the daughters must obey and serve their brothers. And after all, it works well; in fact, apparently better than our system. They have practically no marital95 scandals. The Empire is built on the foundation of the family and it seems to wear well; it would be foolish to tamper96 with it, to try to replace it with something, our system, for instance, which is hardly a success. And it is my firm belief that generally the Japanese women are happy, every bit as happy as those of America or Europe. That system is what they have always known. It may be the bliss97 which is born of ignorance, but as long as the ignorance remains they are happy.
"Now that is where the point comes in about girls like Miss Suzuki. She has become accustomed to our ways, our point of view. She expects to take the usual precedence, to receive the usual courtesies from men, to be waited on by them. And now, in her home, the men will walk in advance and she will follow. If she drops something she will pick it up herself, but if her brothers drop it, she will have to scramble98 after it, and if a servant is not handy, they will order her about like one. Now, if she had never seen anything else all her life, that would be natural; she would never give it a thought. But she has grown up under our conventions. She cannot help but long for the courtesy, the deference, which she has become used to, which she craves99 for. But, first of all, she does not go out much, as do our girls, for Japanese women don't attend, generally, social functions where both sexes are present, except garden parties, receptions and other boresome affairs. But even if she does go out, say to teas, hotel dances and such things, and even if she receives there from the modernized100 young Japanese the outward show of courtesy which is part of modern social usage, she knows that it is all for the moment only. Her brother who picks up her fan at the Imperial Hotel will send her scurrying101 for his slippers102 at home. If she marries the young blood who obsequiously103 leads her to her seat in the ballroom104, she will jolly well walk behind him if she marries him.
"That, I think, is the tragedy of the modernized Japanese girl, that she has had a glimpse of ideals which she will probably never attain. Of course, there may be some heart-burning at the attitude of some of the foreign lady cats, who would prevent white men from associating with the Japanese girls. It is natural that they resent the charm which these girls have for many of the young men who should be the exclusive property of the women of their own race; but that[Pg 15] obtains mainly in Yokohama, and very little in Tokyo, where the foreigners are scattered and where the biggest guns in the social world are undeniably Japanese. And outside of some isolated105 incidents like that to-night, I don't think that point counts much. The fact is that while the Japanese girl who has had some contact with foreigners undoubtedly106 wishes that our manner of treating our women might be extended to them, you will find that marriages of ladies of the aristocracy with foreigners are extremely rare. The man who thinks he is regarded as a prize simply because he is white is a fool. Among the lower and middle classes it is probably different. To many of these girls the courtesy and consideration shown by foreign men to their women must contrast sharply with the prospect107 of a life of constant obedience108, subservience109 and drudgery110, first to her brothers and then to her husband. They say that once a Japanese girl has had relations with a foreigner, at least a decent foreigner, she almost never wishes to take up with men of her own people. I've seen a lot of cases which make me believe that this is true. But girls of the class of Miss Suzuki are practically never allowed to marry foreigners, and foreigners of their class hardly ever marry Japanese. So they must be unhappy, poor dears. They despise the trammels of Japanese married life, and that which they have learned to wish for they can't attain. The lives of these girls, the pioneers of their sex in attainment111 of western culture, is one of the many tragedies of Japan in transition."
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opalescent
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| adj.乳色的，乳白的 | |
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opaque
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| adj.不透光的；不反光的，不传导的；晦涩的 | |
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flute
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| n.长笛；v.吹笛 | |
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virile
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| adj.男性的；有男性生殖力的；有男子气概的；强有力的 | |
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translucent
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| adj.半透明的；透明的 | |
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shimmer
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| v./n.发微光，发闪光；微光 | |
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foam
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| v./n.泡沫，起泡沫 | |
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cascaded
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| 级联的 | |
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prow
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| n.(飞机)机头，船头 | |
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glimmer
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| v.发出闪烁的微光；n.微光，微弱的闪光 | |
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flickering
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| adj.闪烁的，摇曳的，一闪一闪的 | |
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fluency
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| n.流畅，雄辩，善辩 | |
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prattled
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| v.（小孩般）天真无邪地说话( prattle的过去式和过去分词 )；发出连续而无意义的声音；闲扯；东拉西扯 | |
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attain
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| vt.达到，获得，完成 | |
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aspire
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| vi.(to，after)渴望，追求，有志于 | |
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herald
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| vt.预示...的来临，预告，宣布，欢迎 | |
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realization
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| n.实现；认识到，深刻了解 | |
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envelop
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| vt.包，封，遮盖；包围 | |
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secrecy
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| n.秘密，保密，隐蔽 | |
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marvel
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| vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异；n.令人惊异的事 | |
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justify
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| vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护 | |
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indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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torpid
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| adj.麻痹的，麻木的，迟钝的 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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propitious
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| adj.吉利的；顺利的 | |
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apathetic
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| adj.冷漠的，无动于衷的 | |
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unfamiliar
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| adj.陌生的，不熟悉的 | |
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resolutely
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| adj.坚决地，果断地 | |
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credence
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| n.信用，祭器台，供桌，凭证 | |
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ardently
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| adv.热心地，热烈地 | |
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renewal
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| adj.(契约)延期，续订，更新，复活，重来 | |
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phlegmatically
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anguish
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| n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼 | |
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stimulant
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| n.刺激物，兴奋剂 | |
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craving
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| n.渴望,热望 | |
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faculty
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| n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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attune
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| v.使调和 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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friendliness
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| n.友谊，亲切，亲密 | |
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admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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imprisonment
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| n.关押，监禁，坐牢 | |
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precarious
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| adj.不安定的，靠不住的；根据不足的 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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wavy
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| adj.有波浪的，多浪的，波浪状的，波动的，不稳定的 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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speculation
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| n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机 | |
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assortment
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| n.分类，各色俱备之物，聚集 | |
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missionaries
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| n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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contrived
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| adj.不自然的，做作的；虚构的 | |
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fables
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| n.寓言( fable的名词复数 )；神话，传说 | |
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52
baron
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| n.男爵；(商业界等)巨头，大王 | |
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polyglot
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| adj.通晓数种语言的；n.通晓多种语言的人 | |
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stylish
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| adj.流行的，时髦的；漂亮的，气派的 | |
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chic
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| n./adj.别致(的)，时髦(的)，讲究的 | |
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stenographer
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| n.速记员 | |
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57
blues
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| n.抑郁，沮丧；布鲁斯音乐 | |
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deft
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| adj.灵巧的，熟练的（a deft hand 能手） | |
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itinerary
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| n.行程表，旅行路线；旅行计划 | |
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conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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marvels
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| n.奇迹( marvel的名词复数 )；令人惊奇的事物（或事例）；不平凡的成果；成就v.惊奇，对…感到惊奇( marvel的第三人称单数 ) | |
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62
effaced
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| v.擦掉( efface的过去式和过去分词 )；抹去；超越；使黯然失色 | |
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animation
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| n.活泼，兴奋，卡通片／动画片的制作 | |
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regaining
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| 复得( regain的现在分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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glided
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| v.滑动( glide的过去式和过去分词 )；掠过；（鸟或飞机 ） 滑翔 | |
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disapproval
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| n.反对，不赞成 | |
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intentionally
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| ad.故意地，有意地 | |
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wince
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| n.畏缩，退避，（因痛苦，苦恼等)面部肌肉抽动；v.畏缩，退缩，退避 | |
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fiddled
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| v.伪造( fiddle的过去式和过去分词 )；篡改；骗取；修理或稍作改动 | |
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graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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reverted
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| 恢复( revert的过去式和过去分词 )； 重提； 回到…上； 归还 | |
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dubious
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| adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的 | |
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baroness
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| n.男爵夫人，女男爵 | |
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beckoned
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| v.（用头或手的动作）示意，召唤( beckon的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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deference
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| n.尊重，顺从；敬意 | |
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mingle
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| vt.使混合，使相混；vi.混合起来；相交往 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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cliques
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| n.小集团，小圈子，派系( clique的名词复数 ) | |
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coteries
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| n.（有共同兴趣的）小集团( coterie的名词复数 ) | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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dense
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| a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的 | |
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quaintness
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| n.离奇有趣，古怪的事物 | |
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shrugged
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| vt.耸肩（shrug的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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pangs
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| 突然的剧痛( pang的名词复数 )； 悲痛 | |
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feudal
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| adj.封建的，封地的，领地的 | |
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outfit
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| n.（为特殊用途的）全套装备，全套服装 | |
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veneer
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| n.(墙上的)饰面，虚饰 | |
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diplomat
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| n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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subservient
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| adj.卑屈的，阿谀的 | |
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marital
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| adj.婚姻的，夫妻的 | |
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tamper
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| v.干预，玩弄，贿赂，窜改，削弱，损害 | |
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bliss
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| n.狂喜，福佑，天赐的福 | |
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scramble
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| v.爬行，攀爬，杂乱蔓延，碎片，片段，废料 | |
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craves
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| 渴望，热望( crave的第三人称单数 )； 恳求，请求 | |
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modernized
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| 使现代化，使适应现代需要( modernize的过去式和过去分词 )； 现代化，使用现代方法 | |
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101
scurrying
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| v.急匆匆地走( scurry的现在分词 ) | |
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102
slippers
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| n. 拖鞋 | |
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103
obsequiously
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104
ballroom
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| n.舞厅 | |
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isolated
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| adj.与世隔绝的 | |
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106
undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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107
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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108
obedience
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| n.服从，顺从 | |
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109
subservience
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| n.有利，有益；从属（地位），附属性；屈从，恭顺；媚态 | |
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drudgery
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| n.苦工，重活，单调乏味的工作 | |
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111
attainment
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| n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣 | |
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