《艾伦图灵传》第1章15:小婴儿

 But equally inscrutable, Natural Wonders conspicuously¹ failed to describe where the first cell in the human process came from, only dropping the elusive² hint that 'the egg itself arose by the splitting of still another cell which, of course, was part of the parent's body.' The secret was left for the 'perplexed³ but serious-minded parent' to explain. Mrs Turing's way of dealing⁴ with the thorny⁵ topic was, in fact, highly consonant⁶ with Brewster's, for John at least was the recipient⁷ at Hazelhurst of a special letter starting with the birds and the bees, and ending with instructions 'not to go off the rails'. Presumably Alan was informed in the same way.

还有一件事，《自然奇迹》也没说清楚，那就是人的第一块砖是从哪来的。它只给出了一个让人不解的暗示，说：「蛋本身也是来自一个细胞的分裂，当然，这是母亲身体的一部分。」这个过程的细节，就要留给那些「严肃而困惑的父母」来解答了。图灵夫人在这个棘手的问题上，也像布鲁斯特一样，采取了隐晦的手法。她给在海兹赫斯特的约翰写了一封信，以鸟和蜜蜂开始，以「不要越轨」结束。可以想见，艾伦应该也是被用同样的方式教育的。

In other ways, however, Natural Wonders was indeed 'very modern', and certainly no little 'nature book'. It conveyed the idea that there had to be a reason for the way things were, and that the reason came not from God but from science. Long passages explained why little boys liked throwing things and little girls liked babies, and derived⁸ from the pattern of the living world the ideal of a Daddy to go out to work at the office and a Mama to stay at home. This picture of respectable American life was rather remote from the training of the sons of Indian civil servants, but more relevant to Alan was a picture of the brain:

但是在另一个方面，《自然奇迹》是非常现代的，它绝不是一本简单的自然书。它里面传递了一种思想，那就是任何东西的存在，都是有原因的，而且这种原因源自科学，而非上帝。其中有很长的篇幅，解释了为什么男孩喜欢扔东西，女孩喜欢小婴儿，为什么这个世界的理想模式是父亲去办公室工作，而母亲留在家里。这些美国生活的画面，对于印度公务员的儿子来说，理解起来存在一定的复杂性，但是这里有另外一些内容，与艾伦的生活有直接的关系：

Do you see now why you have to go to school five hours a day, and sit on a hard seat studying still harder lessons, when you would much rather sneak⁹ off and go in swimming? It is so that you may build up these thinking spots in your brains. … We begin young, while the brain is still growing. With years and years of work and study, we slowly form the thinking spots over our left ears, which we are to use the rest of our days. When we are grown up, we can no more form new thinking places. …

你知不知道，为什么在你想去游泳的时候，大人却非要让你去上学，在板凳上坐五个小时，学那些讨厌的课程？这是因为，只有这样，才能让你的大脑开始形成思维区……这必须趁大脑还在发育时就开始，通过长时间的学习，慢慢形成以后你都要使用的思维区。当我们长大后，我们的大脑就不能再形成新的思维区了……

So even school was justified¹⁰ by science. The old world of divine authority was reduced to a vague allusion¹¹ in which Brewster, having described evolution, said that 'why it all happens or what it is all for' was precisely¹² 'one of those things that no fellah can find out.' Brewster's living things were unequivocally machines:

这样一来，连上学的合理性也被科学化了，神权至上的旧世界，现在只剩下了模糊的隐喻。布鲁斯特还谈到了生物进化，他甚至还认为，生物就是一种机器：

For, of course, the body is a machine. It is a vastly complex machine, many, many times more complicated than any machine ever made with hands; but still after all a machine. It has been likened to a steam engine. But that was before we knew as much about the way it works as we know now. It really is a gas engine; like the engine of an automobile¹³, a motor boat, or a flying machine.

身体显然就是一个机器，它非常复杂，比人工制造的机器要复杂许多，但它毕竟还是机器。以前我们不知道它是怎么工作的，以为它就像蒸汽发动机。现在我们已经知道了，它确实是个气体发动机，就像摩托车、摩托船或飞机的发动机一样。

1 conspicuously   

ad.明显地，惹人注目地

参考例句：

• France remained a conspicuously uneasy country. 法国依然是个明显不太平的国家。
• She figured conspicuously in the public debate on the issue. 她在该问题的公开辩论中很引人注目。

2 elusive   

adj.难以表达(捉摸)的；令人困惑的；逃避的

参考例句：

• Try to catch the elusive charm of the original in translation.翻译时设法把握住原文中难以捉摸的风韵。
• Interpol have searched all the corners of the earth for the elusive hijackers.国际刑警组织已在世界各地搜查在逃的飞机劫持者。

3 perplexed   

adj.不知所措的

参考例句：

• The farmer felt the cow,went away,returned,sorely perplexed,always afraid of being cheated.那农民摸摸那头牛，走了又回来，犹豫不决，总怕上当受骗。
• The child was perplexed by the intricate plot of the story.这孩子被那头绪纷繁的故事弄得迷惑不解。

4 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

5 thorny   

adj.多刺的，棘手的

参考例句：

• The young captain is pondering over a thorny problem.年轻的上尉正在思考一个棘手的问题。
• The boys argued over the thorny points in the lesson.孩子们辩论功课中的难点。

6 consonant   

n.辅音；adj.[音]符合的

参考例句：

• The quality of this suit isn't quite consonant with its price.这套衣服的质量和价钱不相称。
• These are common consonant clusters at the beginning of words.这些单词的开头有相同辅音组合。

7 recipient   

a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器

参考例句：

• Please check that you have a valid email certificate for each recipient. 请检查是否对每个接收者都有有效的电子邮件证书。
• Colombia is the biggest U . S aid recipient in Latin America. 哥伦比亚是美国在拉丁美洲最大的援助对象。

8 derived   

vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取

参考例句：

• Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 sneak   

vt.潜行(隐藏,填石缝)；偷偷摸摸做；n.潜行；adj.暗中进行

参考例句：

• He raised his spear and sneak forward.他提起长矛悄悄地前进。
• I saw him sneak away from us.我看见他悄悄地从我们身边走开。

10 justified   

a.正当的，有理的

参考例句：

• She felt fully justified in asking for her money back. 她认为有充分的理由要求退款。
• The prisoner has certainly justified his claims by his actions. 那个囚犯确实已用自己的行动表明他的要求是正当的。

11 allusion   

n.暗示，间接提示

参考例句：

• He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech.在讲话中他暗示有一项秘密计划。
• She made no allusion to the incident.她没有提及那个事件。

12 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

13 automobile   

n.汽车，机动车

参考例句：

• He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
• The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。