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chapter 27
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Weeks had two little rooms at the back of Frau Erlin’s house, and one of them, arranged as a parlour, was comfortable enough for him to invite people to sit in. After supper, urged perhaps by the impish humour which was the despair of his friends in Cambridge, Mass., he often asked Philip and Hayward to come in for a chat. He received them with elaborate courtesy and insisted on their sitting in the only two comfortable chairs in the room. Though he did not drink himself, with a politeness of which Philip recognised the irony1, he put a couple of bottles of beer at Hayward’s elbow, and he insisted on lighting2 matches whenever in the heat of argument Hayward’s pipe went out. At the beginning of their acquaintance Hayward, as a member of so celebrated3 a university, had adopted a patronising attitude towards Weeks, who was a graduate of Harvard; and when by chance the conversation turned upon the Greek tragedians, a subject upon which Hayward felt he spoke4 with authority, he had assumed the air that it was his part to give information rather than to exchange ideas. Weeks had listened politely, with smiling modesty5, till Hayward finished; then he asked one or two insidious6 questions, so innocent in appearance that Hayward, not seeing into what a quandary7 they led him, answered blandly8; Weeks made a courteous9 objection, then a correction of fact, after that a quotation10 from some little known Latin commentator11, then a reference to a German authority; and the fact was disclosed that he was a scholar. With smiling ease, apologetically, Weeks tore to pieces all that Hayward had said; with elaborate civility he displayed the superficiality of his attainments12. He mocked him with gentle irony. Philip could not help seeing that Hayward looked a perfect fool, and Hayward had not the sense to hold his tongue; in his irritation13, his self-assurance undaunted, he attempted to argue: he made wild statements and Weeks amicably14 corrected them; he reasoned falsely and Weeks proved that he was absurd: Weeks confessed that he had taught Greek Literature at Harvard. Hayward gave a laugh of scorn.

‘I might have known it. Of course you read Greek like a schoolmaster,’ he said. ‘I read it like a poet.’

‘And do you find it more poetic15 when you don’t quite know what it means? I thought it was only in revealed religion that a mistranslation improved the sense.’

At last, having finished the beer, Hayward left Weeks’ room hot and dishevelled; with an angry gesture he said to Philip:

‘Of course the man’s a pedant16. He has no real feeling for beauty. Accuracy is the virtue17 of clerks. It’s the spirit of the Greeks that we aim at. Weeks is like that fellow who went to hear Rubenstein and complained that he played false notes. False notes! What did they matter when he played divinely?’

Philip, not knowing how many incompetent18 people have found solace19 in these false notes, was much impressed.

Hayward could never resist the opportunity which Weeks offered him of regaining20 ground lost on a previous occasion, and Weeks was able with the greatest ease to draw him into a discussion. Though he could not help seeing how small his attainments were beside the American’s, his British pertinacity21, his wounded vanity (perhaps they are the same thing), would not allow him to give up the struggle. Hayward seemed to take a delight in displaying his ignorance, self-satisfaction, and wrongheadedness. Whenever Hayward said something which was illogical, Weeks in a few words would show the falseness of his reasoning, pause for a moment to enjoy his triumph, and then hurry on to another subject as though Christian23 charity impelled24 him to spare the vanquished25 foe26. Philip tried sometimes to put in something to help his friend, and Weeks gently crushed him, but so kindly27, differently from the way in which he answered Hayward, that even Philip, outrageously28 sensitive, could not feel hurt. Now and then, losing his calm as he felt himself more and more foolish, Hayward became abusive, and only the American’s smiling politeness prevented the argument from degenerating29 into a quarrel. On these occasions when Hayward left Weeks’ room he muttered angrily:

‘Damned Yankee!’

That settled it. It was a perfect answer to an argument which had seemed unanswerable.

Though they began by discussing all manner of subjects in Weeks’ little room eventually the conversation always turned to religion: the theological student took a professional interest in it, and Hayward welcomed a subject in which hard facts need not disconcert him; when feeling is the gauge30 you can snap your angers at logic22, and when your logic is weak that is very agreeable. Hayward found it difficult to explain his beliefs to Philip without a great flow of words; but it was clear (and this fell in with Philip’s idea of the natural order of things), that he had been brought up in the church by law established. Though he had now given up all idea of becoming a Roman Catholic, he still looked upon that communion with sympathy. He had much to say in its praise, and he compared favourably31 its gorgeous ceremonies with the simple services of the Church of England. He gave Philip Newman’s Apologia to read, and Philip, finding it very dull, nevertheless read it to the end.

‘Read it for its style, not for its matter,’ said Hayward.

He talked enthusiastically of the music at the Oratory32, and said charming things about the connection between incense33 and the devotional spirit. Weeks listened to him with his frigid34 smile.

‘You think it proves the truth of Roman Catholicism that John Henry Newman wrote good English and that Cardinal36 Manning has a picturesque37 appearance?’

Hayward hinted that he had gone through much trouble with his soul. For a year he had swum in a sea of darkness. He passed his fingers through his fair, waving hair and told them that he would not for five hundred pounds endure again those agonies of mind. Fortunately he had reached calm waters at last.

‘But what do you believe?’ asked Philip, who was never satisfied with vague statements.

‘I believe in the Whole, the Good, and the Beautiful.’

Hayward with his loose large limbs and the fine carriage of his head looked very handsome when he said this, and he said it with an air.

‘Is that how you would describe your religion in a census38 paper?’ asked Weeks, in mild tones.

‘I hate the rigid35 definition: it’s so ugly, so obvious. If you like I will say that I believe in the church of the Duke of Wellington and Mr. Gladstone.’

‘That’s the Church of England,’ said Philip.

‘Oh wise young man!’ retorted Hayward, with a smile which made Philip blush, for he felt that in putting into plain words what the other had expressed in a paraphrase39, he had been guilty of vulgarity. ‘I belong to the Church of England. But I love the gold and the silk which clothe the priest of Rome, and his celibacy40, and the confessional, and purgatory41: and in the darkness of an Italian cathedral, incense-laden and mysterious, I believe with all my heart in the miracle of the Mass. In Venice I have seen a fisherwoman come in, barefoot, throw down her basket of fish by her side, fall on her knees, and pray to the Madonna; and that I felt was the real faith, and I prayed and believed with her. But I believe also in Aphrodite and Apollo and the Great God Pan.’

He had a charming voice, and he chose his words as he spoke; he uttered them almost rhythmically42. He would have gone on, but Weeks opened a second bottle of beer.

‘Let me give you something to drink.’

Hayward turned to Philip with the slightly condescending43 gesture which so impressed the youth.

‘Now are you satisfied?’ he asked.

Philip, somewhat bewildered, confessed that he was.

‘I’m disappointed that you didn’t add a little Buddhism,’ said Weeks. ‘And I confess I have a sort of sympathy for Mahomet; I regret that you should have left him out in the cold.’

Hayward laughed, for he was in a good humour with himself that evening, and the ring of his sentences still sounded pleasant in his ears. He emptied his glass.

‘I didn’t expect you to understand me,’ he answered. ‘With your cold American intelligence you can only adopt the critical attitude. Emerson and all that sort of thing. But what is criticism? Criticism is purely44 destructive; anyone can destroy, but not everyone can build up. You are a pedant, my dear fellow. The important thing is to construct: I am constructive45; I am a poet.’

Weeks looked at him with eyes which seemed at the same time to be quite grave and yet to be smiling brightly.

‘I think, if you don’t mind my saying so, you’re a little drunk.’

‘Nothing to speak of,’ answered Hayward cheerfully. ‘And not enough for me to be unable to overwhelm you in argument. But come, I have unbosomed my soul; now tell us what your religion is.’

Weeks put his head on one side so that he looked like a sparrow on a perch46.

‘I’ve been trying to find that out for years. I think I’m a Unitarian.’

‘But that’s a dissenter47,’ said Philip.

He could not imagine why they both burst into laughter, Hayward uproariously, and Weeks with a funny chuckle48.

‘And in England dissenters49 aren’t gentlemen, are they?’ asked Weeks.

‘Well, if you ask me point-blank, they’re not,’ replied Philip rather crossly.

He hated being laughed at, and they laughed again.

‘And will you tell me what a gentleman is?’ asked Weeks.

‘Oh, I don’t know; everyone knows what it is.’

‘Are you a gentleman?’

No doubt had ever crossed Philip’s mind on the subject, but he knew it was not a thing to state of oneself.

‘If a man tells you he’s a gentleman you can bet your boots he isn’t,’ he retorted.

‘Am I a gentleman?’

Philip’s truthfulness50 made it difficult for him to answer, but he was naturally polite.

‘Oh, well, you’re different,’ he said. ‘You’re American, aren’t you?’

‘I suppose we may take it that only Englishmen are gentlemen,’ said Weeks gravely.

Philip did not contradict him.

‘Couldn’t you give me a few more particulars?’ asked Weeks.

Philip reddened, but, growing angry, did not care if he made himself ridiculous.

‘I can give you plenty’ He remembered his uncle’s saying that it took three generations to make a gentleman: it was a companion proverb to the silk purse and the sow’s ear. ‘First of all he’s the son of a gentleman, and he’s been to a public school, and to Oxford51 or Cambridge.’

‘Edinburgh wouldn’t do, I suppose?’ asked Weeks.

‘And he talks English like a gentleman, and he wears the right sort of things, and if he’s a gentleman he can always tell if another chap’s a gentleman.’

It seemed rather lame52 to Philip as he went on, but there it was: that was what he meant by the word, and everyone he had ever known had meant that too.

‘It is evident to me that I am not a gentleman,’ said Weeks. ‘I don’t see why you should have been so surprised because I was a dissenter.’

‘I don’t quite know what a Unitarian is,’ said Philip.

Weeks in his odd way again put his head on one side: you almost expected him to twitter.

‘A Unitarian very earnestly disbelieves in almost everything that anybody else believes, and he has a very lively sustaining faith in he doesn’t quite know what.’

‘I don’t see why you should make fun of me,’ said Philip. ‘I really want to know.’

‘My dear friend, I’m not making fun of you. I have arrived at that definition after years of great labour and the most anxious, nerve-racking study.’

When Philip and Hayward got up to go, Weeks handed Philip a little book in a paper cover.

‘I suppose you can read French pretty well by now. I wonder if this would amuse you.’

Philip thanked him and, taking the book, looked at the title. It was Renan’s Vie de Jesus.

 

第二十七章

维克斯在欧林夫人家的后屋租了两个小房间,其中一间布置成会客室,用来接待客人,倒也够宽敞的。维克斯生性爱淘气,他在麻省坎布里奇的一些朋友也拿他一点没办法。现在,也许是由于这种脾气在作怪,他常常一吃过晚餐就邀请菲利普和海沃德上他屋里来闲聊几句。他礼数周全地接待他们,一定要他们在屋里绝无仅有的两张比较舒服的椅子里坐下。他自己点酒不沾,却把几瓶啤酒端放在海沃德的胳膊肘旁边,在这般殷勤好客的礼仪中,菲利普不难辨别出嘲弄之意。在双方唇枪舌剑的激烈争论中,每当海沃德的烟斗熄掉的时候,维克斯就坚持要替他划火柴点火。他们刚结识上的时候,海沃德作为名扬四海的最高学府中的一员,在哈佛大学毕业生维克斯面前摆出一副降尊纤贵的姿态。谈话之中,话锋偶尔转到希腊悲剧作家身上,海沃德自觉得在这个题目上尽可以发表一通权威性评论,于是摆出一副指点迷津非他莫属的架势,不容对方插嘴发表意见。维克斯脸带微笑,虚怀若谷地在一旁洗耳恭听,直到海沃德的高论发表完了,他才提出一两个表面听上去相当幼稚、暗中却打了埋伏的问题,海沃德不知深浅,不假思索地回答了,结果当然中了圈套。维克斯先生彬彬有礼地表示异议,接着纠正了一个事实,然后又援引某个不见经传的拉工民族注释家的一段注释,再加上一句德国某权威的精辟论断--情况明摆着:他是个精通古典文学的学者。他就这么面带微笑,从容不迫,连连表示歉意,结果却把海沃德的全部立论批驳得体无完肤。他既揭示了海沃德学识的肤浅,又丝毫不失礼仪。他温和委婉地挖苦了海沃德几句。菲利普不能不看到海沃德的那副十足傻相;他本人刚愎自用,不知进退,仍在气急败坏地力图狡辩。他信口开河,妄加评论,维克斯则在一旁和颜悦色地加以纠正;他理屈词穷却硬要强词夺理,维克斯又证明他这么做是多么荒谬。最后,维克斯说了实话,他曾在哈佛大学教过希腊文学。海沃德对此报以轻蔑的一笑。

"这一点你不说我也看得出。你当然是像学究冬烘那样啃希腊文学作品,"他说,"而我是像诗人那样来欣赏它的。"

"在你对作品原意不甚了了的情况下,你是否反倒觉得作品的诗味更浓了呢?我个人认为,只有在天启教里,错译才会使原意更加丰满呢。"

最后,海沃德喝完啤酒,离开维克斯的屋子,全身燥热,头发蓬松,他忿忿然一挥手,对菲利普说:

"不用说,这位先生是个书呆子,对于美没有丝毫真切的感受。精确是办事员的美德。我们的着眼点在于希腊文学的精髓。维克斯就好比是这么个煞风景的角色,去听鲁宾斯坦演奏钢琴,却抱怨他弹错了几个音符。弹错了几个音符!只要他演奏得出神入化,错弹几个音符又何足道哉?!"

这段议论给了菲利普很深的印象,殊不知世间有多少无能之辈正是借这种无知妄说聊以自慰呢!

海沃德屡遭败北,但他决不肯放过维克斯提供的任何机会,力图夺回前一次失掉的地盘,所以维克斯不费吹灰之力就将海沃德拉了来进行争论。尽管海沃德不会不清楚,他在这个美国人面前显得多么才疏学浅,但是出于英国人特有的那股执拗劲儿,由于自尊心受到了挫伤(也许这两者本是一码事),他不愿就此罢休。他似乎是以显示自己的无知、自满和刚愎白用为乐事呢。每当海沃德讲了一些不合逻辑的话,维克斯三言两语就点出他推理中的破绽,得意扬扬地停顿一会儿,然后匆匆转人另一个话题,似乎是基督徒的兄弟之爱促使他竟有已被击败的敌手。有时候,菲利普试图插言几句,帮他朋友解围,可是经不住维克斯轻轻一击,便溃不成军了。不过,维克斯对他的态度同对付海沃德不一样,极其温和,甚至连极度敏感的菲利普也不觉得自尊心受到挫伤。海沃德由于感到自己越来越像个傻瓜,常常沉不住气,索性破口大骂起来,幸亏那个美国人总是客客气气地堆着笑脸,才没使争论变为无谓的争吵。每当海沃德在这种情况下离开维克斯的房间,他总要气呼呼地咕哝一句:

"该死的美国佬!"

这样一切就解决了。对于某个似乎无法辩驳的论点,这句咒语就是最妙不过的回答。

他们在维克斯的那个小房间里,虽说开始讨论的是各种各样的问题,但最后总难免要转到宗教这个题目上来:神学学生出于职业上的偏爱,总是三句不离本行;而海沃德也欢迎这样的话题,因为无需列举那些使他仓皇失措的无情事实--在这方面,既然个人感受才是衡量事物的尺度,那就全不必把逻辑放在眼里,既然逻辑又是他的薄弱环节,能把它甩开岂不是正中下怀?海沃德觉得,不花费一番口舌,很难把自己的信仰同菲利普解释清楚。其实,不说也明白(因为这完全符合菲利普对人生世道的看法),海沃德一直是在国教的熏陶中成长起来的。虽然海沃德现在已经摒弃了皈依罗马天主教的念头,但对那个教派仍抱有同情。关于罗马天主教的优点,他有好多话要说。比如,他比较喜欢罗马天主教的豪华典礼,而英国国教的仪式就嫌过于简单。他给菲利普看了纽曼写的《自辩书》,菲利普觉得这本书枯燥无味,不过还是硬着头皮把它看完了。

"看这本书,是为了欣赏它的风格,而不在乎它的内容,"海沃德点拨说。

海沃德兴致勃勃地谈论着祈祷室里的音乐,并且还就焚香与心诚之问的关系,发表了一通娓娓动听的议论。维克斯静静听着,脸上挂着那惯有的一丝冷笑。

"阁下以为单凭这番高论就足以证明罗马大主教体现了宗教的真谛,证明约翰·亨利·纽曼写得一于好英语,证明红衣主教曼宁丰姿出众,是吗?"

海沃德暗示说,他的心灵饱经忧患。他曾在黑茫茫的迷海里漂泊了一年。他用手指抚弄了一下那一头金色的波浪形柔发,对他们说,即使给他五百镑钱,他也不重新经受那此精神上的痛苦折磨。值得庆幸的是,他总算安然进入了风平浪静的海域。

"那么,你究竞信仰什么呢?"菲利普问,他永远也不满足于含糊其词的说法。

"我相信--全、佳、美。"

他说这话的时候,顾长的四肢怡然舒展,再配上优雅的头部姿势,模样几显得十分潇洒、俊逸,而且吐词也颇有韵味。

"您在户口调查表里就是这么填写您的宗教信仰的?"维克斯语调温和地问。

"我就是讨厌僵死的定义:那么丑陋,那么一目了然。要是您不见怪,我得说我信奉的是惠灵顿公爵和格莱斯顿先生所信奉的那个教。"

"那就是英国国教罗,"菲利普说。

"哟,多聪明的年轻人!"海沃德回敬了一句,同时还淡淡一笑,把个菲利普羞得脸都没处搁,因为菲利普顿时意识到,自己把别人推衍性的言词用平淡如水的语言直统统地表达出来,未免有失风雅。"我属于英国国教,但是我很喜欢罗马教士身上穿戴的金线线罗,喜欢他们奉行的独身主义,喜欢教堂里的忏悔室,还喜欢洗涤有罪灵魂的炼狱。置身于意大利黑黢黢的大教堂内,沉浸在熏烟缭绕、神秘莫测的气氛之中,我心悦诚服,相信弥撒的神奇魔力。在威尼斯,我亲眼见到一位渔妇赤裸着双脚走进教堂,把鱼篓往身旁一扔,双膝下跪,向圣母马利亚祈祷。我感到这才是真正的信仰,我怀着同样的信仰,同她一道祈祷。不过,我也信奉阿芙罗狄蒂、阿波罗和伟大的潘神。"

他的声音悦耳动听,说话时字斟句酌,吐词抑扬顿挫,铿锵有力。他滔滔不绝地还想往下说,可是维克斯这时打开了第二瓶啤酒。

"让我再给您斟点。"

海沃德转身朝菲利普,现出那副颇使这位青年动心的略带几分屈尊俯就的姿态。

"现在你满意了吧?"他问。

如堕五里雾中的菲利普,表示自己满意了。

"我可有点失望,你没在自己的信仰里再加上点佛教的禅机,"维克斯说。"坦白地说,我。可有点同情穆罕默德。我感到遗憾,您竟把他撇在一边不理不睬。"

海沃德开怀大笑。那天晚上他心情舒畅,那些铿锵悦耳的妙语仍在自己耳边回响。他将杯子里的啤酒一口干了。

"我并不指望你能了解我,"他回答说。"你们美国人只有冷冰冰的理解力,只可能持批评的态度,就像爱默生之流一样。何谓批评?批评纯粹是破坏性的。任何人都会破坏,但并非所有的人都会建设。你是个书呆子,我亲爱的老兄。重要的问题在于建设:我是富有建设性的;我是个诗人。"

维克斯注视着海沃德,目光中似乎既带着严肃的神色,同时又露出明朗的笑意。

"我想,要是你不见怪的话,我得说,你有点醉了。"

"没有的事,"海沃德兴致勃勃地回答说。"这点酒算得了什么,我照样可以在辩论中压垮您老兄的。得啦,我已经对您开诚布公了。现在您得说说您自己的宗教信仰罗。"

维克斯把头一侧,看上去活像只停歇在栖木上的麻雀。

"这问题我一直琢磨了好多年。我想我是个唯一神教派教徒。"

"那就是个非国教派教徒罗,"菲利普说。

他想象不出他们俩为什么同时哑然失笑:海沃德纵声狂笑,而维克斯则滑稽地溟抿嘴格格傻笑。

"在英国,非国教派教徒都算不上是绅士,对吗?"维克斯问。

"嗯,如果您要我直言相告,我得说是的,"菲利普颇为生气地回答说。

他讨厌他们笑他,可他们偏偏又笑了起来。

"那就请您告诉我,何谓绅士?"

"哟,我说不上来,反正这一点尽人皆知。"

"您是个绅士吗?"

在这个问题上,菲利普从未有过半点儿怀疑,不过,他知道这种事儿是不该由本人来表白的。

"假如有那么个人在您面前大言不惭自称是绅士,那您完全有把握此人决非是个绅土!"菲利普顶撞了一句。

"那我算得上绅士吗?"

不会说假话的菲利普觉得很难回答这个问题,然而,他生来很讲礼貌。

"喔,您不一样,"他说,"您是美国人嘛。"

"我想,是不是可以这样认为,只有英国人才算得上是绅士罗,"维克斯神情严肃地说。

菲利普没有反驳。

"是不是请您再稍微讲得具体些?"维克斯问。

菲利普红了脸,不过他一冒火,也就顾不得会不会当众出洋相了。

"我可以给你讲得非常具体。"他想起他大伯曾讲过:要花上三代人的心血才能造就一个绅士。常言道,猪耳朵成不了绸线袋,就是这么个意思。"首先,他必须是绅士的儿子,在公学里念过书,而且还上过牛津或者剑桥。"

"这么说,念过爱丁堡大学还不行罗?"维克斯问。

"他得像绅士那样讲英语,他的穿戴恰到好处,无可挑剔。要是他本人是绅士,那他任何时候都能判断别人是不是绅士。"

菲利普越往下说,越觉得自己的论点站不住脚。不过这本是不言而喻的:所谓"绅士",就是他说的那么个意思,他所认识的人里面也全都是这么说的。

"我明白了,我显然算不上个绅士,"维克斯说。"可我不明白,为什么我一说自己是非国教派教徒,你竟会那么感到意外。"

"我不太清楚唯一神教派教徒究竟是怎么回事,"菲利普说。

维克斯又怪里怪气地把头一歪,你简直以为他当真要像麻雀那样吱吱啁啾呢。

"对于唯一神教派的教徒来说,凡是世人相信的事物,他差不多一概极其真诚地不予相信,而对凡是自己不甚了然的事物,都深信不疑。"

"不明白您干吗要取笑我,"菲利普说。"我是真心想要知道呐。"

"我亲爱的朋友,我可没在取笑您。我是经过多年的惨淡经营,经过多年呕心沥血、绞尽脑汁的钻研,才下了个那样的定义。"

当菲利普和海沃德起身告辞时,维克斯递给菲利普一本薄薄的平装书。

"我想您现在看法文书没问题了吧。不知这本书会不会使你感兴趣。"

菲利普向他道了谢,接过书,一看书名,原来是勒南写的《耶稣传》。

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 irony P4WyZ     
n.反语,冷嘲;具有讽刺意味的事,嘲弄
参考例句:
  • She said to him with slight irony.她略带嘲讽地对他说。
  • In her voice we could sense a certain tinge of irony.从她的声音里我们可以感到某种讥讽的意味。
2 lighting CpszPL     
n.照明,光线的明暗,舞台灯光
参考例句:
  • The gas lamp gradually lost ground to electric lighting.煤气灯逐渐为电灯所代替。
  • The lighting in that restaurant is soft and romantic.那个餐馆照明柔和而且浪漫。
3 celebrated iwLzpz     
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的
参考例句:
  • He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
  • The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。
4 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
5 modesty REmxo     
n.谦逊,虚心,端庄,稳重,羞怯,朴素
参考例句:
  • Industry and modesty are the chief factors of his success.勤奋和谦虚是他成功的主要因素。
  • As conceit makes one lag behind,so modesty helps one make progress.骄傲使人落后,谦虚使人进步。
6 insidious fx6yh     
adj.阴险的,隐匿的,暗中为害的,(疾病)不知不觉之间加剧
参考例句:
  • That insidious man bad-mouthed me to almost everyone else.那个阴险的家伙几乎见人便说我的坏话。
  • Organized crime has an insidious influence on all who come into contact with it.所有和集团犯罪有关的人都会不知不觉地受坏影响。
7 quandary Rt1y2     
n.困惑,进迟两难之境
参考例句:
  • I was in a quandary about whether to go.我当时正犹豫到底去不去。
  • I was put in a great quandary.我陷于进退两难的窘境。
8 blandly f411bffb7a3b98af8224e543d5078eb9     
adv.温和地,殷勤地
参考例句:
  • There is a class of men in Bristol monstrously prejudiced against Blandly. 布里斯托尔有那么一帮人为此恨透了布兰德利。 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛
  • \"Maybe you could get something in the stage line?\" he blandly suggested. “也许你能在戏剧这一行里找些事做,\"他和蔼地提议道。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
9 courteous tooz2     
adj.彬彬有礼的,客气的
参考例句:
  • Although she often disagreed with me,she was always courteous.尽管她常常和我意见不一,但她总是很谦恭有礼。
  • He was a kind and courteous man.他为人友善,而且彬彬有礼。
10 quotation 7S6xV     
n.引文,引语,语录;报价,牌价,行情
参考例句:
  • He finished his speech with a quotation from Shakespeare.他讲话结束时引用了莎士比亚的语录。
  • The quotation is omitted here.此处引文从略。
11 commentator JXOyu     
n.注释者,解说者;实况广播评论员
参考例句:
  • He is a good commentator because he can get across the game.他能简单地解说这场比赛,是个好的解说者。
  • The commentator made a big mistake during the live broadcast.在直播节目中评论员犯了个大错误。
12 attainments 3f47ba9938f08311bdf016e1de15e082     
成就,造诣; 获得( attainment的名词复数 ); 达到; 造诣; 成就
参考例句:
  • a young woman of impressive educational attainments 一位学业成就斐然的年轻女子
  • He is a scholar of the highest attainments in this field. 他在这一领域是一位颇有造就的学者。
13 irritation la9zf     
n.激怒,恼怒,生气
参考例句:
  • He could not hide his irritation that he had not been invited.他无法掩饰因未被邀请而生的气恼。
  • Barbicane said nothing,but his silence covered serious irritation.巴比康什么也不说,但是他的沉默里潜伏着阴郁的怒火。
14 amicably amicably     
adv.友善地
参考例句:
  • Steering according to the wind, he also framed his words more amicably. 他真会看风使舵,口吻也马上变得温和了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The couple parted amicably. 这对夫妻客气地分手了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
15 poetic b2PzT     
adj.富有诗意的,有诗人气质的,善于抒情的
参考例句:
  • His poetic idiom is stamped with expressions describing group feeling and thought.他的诗中的措辞往往带有描写群体感情和思想的印记。
  • His poetic novels have gone through three different historical stages.他的诗情小说创作经历了三个不同的历史阶段。
16 pedant juJyy     
n.迂儒;卖弄学问的人
参考例句:
  • He's a bit of a pedant.这人有点迂。
  • A man of talent is one thing,and a pedant another.有才能的人和卖弄学问的人是不一样的。
17 virtue BpqyH     
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
参考例句:
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
18 incompetent JcUzW     
adj.无能力的,不能胜任的
参考例句:
  • He is utterly incompetent at his job.他完全不能胜任他的工作。
  • He is incompetent at working with his hands.他动手能力不行。
19 solace uFFzc     
n.安慰;v.使快乐;vt.安慰(物),缓和
参考例句:
  • They sought solace in religion from the harshness of their everyday lives.他们日常生活很艰难,就在宗教中寻求安慰。
  • His acting career took a nosedive and he turned to drink for solace.演艺事业突然一落千丈,他便借酒浇愁。
20 regaining 458e5f36daee4821aec7d05bf0dd4829     
复得( regain的现在分词 ); 赢回; 重回; 复至某地
参考例句:
  • She was regaining consciousness now, but the fear was coming with her. 现在她正在恢发她的知觉,但是恐怖也就伴随着来了。
  • She said briefly, regaining her will with a click. 她干脆地答道,又马上重新振作起精神来。
21 pertinacity sMPxS     
n.执拗,顽固
参考例句:
22 logic j0HxI     
n.逻辑(学);逻辑性
参考例句:
  • What sort of logic is that?这是什么逻辑?
  • I don't follow the logic of your argument.我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。
23 Christian KVByl     
adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒
参考例句:
  • They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
  • His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。
24 impelled 8b9a928e37b947d87712c1a46c607ee7     
v.推动、推进或敦促某人做某事( impel的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He felt impelled to investigate further. 他觉得有必要作进一步调查。
  • I feel impelled to express grave doubts about the project. 我觉得不得不对这项计划深表怀疑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
25 vanquished 3ee1261b79910819d117f8022636243f     
v.征服( vanquish的过去式和过去分词 );战胜;克服;抑制
参考例句:
  • She had fought many battles, vanquished many foes. 她身经百战,挫败过很多对手。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • I vanquished her coldness with my assiduity. 我对她关心照顾从而消除了她的冷淡。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
26 foe ygczK     
n.敌人,仇敌
参考例句:
  • He knew that Karl could be an implacable foe.他明白卡尔可能会成为他的死敌。
  • A friend is a friend;a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.敌是敌,友是友,必须分清界限。
27 kindly tpUzhQ     
adj.和蔼的,温和的,爽快的;adv.温和地,亲切地
参考例句:
  • Her neighbours spoke of her as kindly and hospitable.她的邻居都说她和蔼可亲、热情好客。
  • A shadow passed over the kindly face of the old woman.一道阴影掠过老太太慈祥的面孔。
28 outrageously 5839725482b08165d14c361297da866a     
凶残地; 肆无忌惮地; 令人不能容忍地; 不寻常地
参考例句:
  • Leila kept smiling her outrageously cute smile. 莱拉脸上始终挂着非常可爱的笑容。
  • He flirts outrageously. 他肆无忌惮地调情。
29 degenerating 5f4d9bd2187d4b36bf5f605de97e15a9     
衰退,堕落,退化( degenerate的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • He denied that some young people today were degenerating. 他否认现在某些青年在堕落。
  • Young people of today are not degenerating. 今天的青年并没有在变坏。
30 gauge 2gMxz     
v.精确计量;估计;n.标准度量;计量器
参考例句:
  • Can you gauge what her reaction is likely to be?你能揣测她的反应可能是什么吗?
  • It's difficult to gauge one's character.要判断一个人的品格是很困难的。
31 favourably 14211723ae4152efc3f4ea3567793030     
adv. 善意地,赞成地 =favorably
参考例句:
  • The play has been favourably commented by the audience. 本剧得到了观众的好评。
  • The open approach contrasts favourably with the exclusivity of some universities. 这种开放式的方法与一些大学的封闭排外形成了有利的对比。
32 oratory HJ7xv     
n.演讲术;词藻华丽的言辞
参考例句:
  • I admire the oratory of some politicians.我佩服某些政治家的辩才。
  • He dazzled the crowd with his oratory.他的雄辩口才使听众赞叹不已。
33 incense dcLzU     
v.激怒;n.香,焚香时的烟,香气
参考例句:
  • This proposal will incense conservation campaigners.这项提议会激怒环保人士。
  • In summer,they usually burn some coil incense to keep away the mosquitoes.夏天他们通常点香驱蚊。
34 frigid TfBzl     
adj.寒冷的,凛冽的;冷淡的;拘禁的
参考例句:
  • The water was too frigid to allow him to remain submerged for long.水冰冷彻骨,他在下面呆不了太长时间。
  • She returned his smile with a frigid glance.对他的微笑她报以冷冷的一瞥。
35 rigid jDPyf     
adj.严格的,死板的;刚硬的,僵硬的
参考例句:
  • She became as rigid as adamant.她变得如顽石般的固执。
  • The examination was so rigid that nearly all aspirants were ruled out.考试很严,几乎所有的考生都被淘汰了。
36 cardinal Xcgy5     
n.(天主教的)红衣主教;adj.首要的,基本的
参考例句:
  • This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。
  • The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火,脸涨得通红。
37 picturesque qlSzeJ     
adj.美丽如画的,(语言)生动的,绘声绘色的
参考例句:
  • You can see the picturesque shores beside the river.在河边你可以看到景色如画的两岸。
  • That was a picturesque phrase.那是一个形象化的说法。
38 census arnz5     
n.(官方的)人口调查,人口普查
参考例句:
  • A census of population is taken every ten years.人口普查每10年进行一次。
  • The census is taken one time every four years in our country.我国每四年一次人口普查。
39 paraphrase SLSxy     
vt.将…释义,改写;n.释义,意义
参考例句:
  • You may read the prose paraphrase of this poem.你可以看一下这首诗的散文释义。
  • Paraphrase the following sentences or parts of sentences using your own words.用你自己的话解释下面的句子或句子的一部分。
40 celibacy ScpyR     
n.独身(主义)
参考例句:
  • People in some religious orders take a vow of celibacy. 有些宗教修会的人发誓不结婚。
  • The concept of celibacy carries connotations of asceticism and religious fervor. 修道者的独身观念含有禁欲与宗教热情之意。
41 purgatory BS7zE     
n.炼狱;苦难;adj.净化的,清洗的
参考例句:
  • Every step of the last three miles was purgatory.最后3英里时每一步都像是受罪。
  • Marriage,with peace,is this world's paradise;with strife,this world's purgatory.和谐的婚姻是尘世的乐园,不和谐的婚姻则是人生的炼狱。
42 rhythmically 4f33fe14f09ad5d6e6f5caf7b15440cf     
adv.有节奏地
参考例句:
  • A pigeon strutted along the roof, cooing rhythmically. 一只鸽子沿着屋顶大摇大摆地走,有节奏地咕咕叫。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Exposures of rhythmically banded protore are common in the workings. 在工作面中常见有韵律条带“原矿石”。 来自辞典例句
43 condescending avxzvU     
adj.谦逊的,故意屈尊的
参考例句:
  • He has a condescending attitude towards women. 他对女性总是居高临下。
  • He tends to adopt a condescending manner when talking to young women. 和年轻女子说话时,他喜欢摆出一副高高在上的姿态。
44 purely 8Sqxf     
adv.纯粹地,完全地
参考例句:
  • I helped him purely and simply out of friendship.我帮他纯粹是出于友情。
  • This disproves the theory that children are purely imitative.这证明认为儿童只会单纯地模仿的理论是站不住脚的。
45 constructive AZDyr     
adj.建设的,建设性的
参考例句:
  • We welcome constructive criticism.我们乐意接受有建设性的批评。
  • He is beginning to deal with his anger in a constructive way.他开始用建设性的方法处理自己的怒气。
46 perch 5u1yp     
n.栖木,高位,杆;v.栖息,就位,位于
参考例句:
  • The bird took its perch.鸟停歇在栖木上。
  • Little birds perch themselves on the branches.小鸟儿栖歇在树枝上。
47 dissenter 7t4xU     
n.反对者
参考例句:
  • The role of the dissenter is not for the weak-kneed.反对者的角色不是软弱之人所能够担当的。
  • The Party does not tolerate dissenters in its ranks.该政党不允许其成员中存在异见分子。
48 chuckle Tr1zZ     
vi./n.轻声笑,咯咯笑
参考例句:
  • He shook his head with a soft chuckle.他轻轻地笑着摇了摇头。
  • I couldn't suppress a soft chuckle at the thought of it.想到这个,我忍不住轻轻地笑起来。
49 dissenters dc2babdb66e7f4957a7f61e6dbf4b71e     
n.持异议者,持不同意见者( dissenter的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He attacked the indulgence shown to religious dissenters. 他抨击对宗教上持不同政见者表现出的宽容。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • (The dissenters would have allowed even more leeway to the Secretary.) (持异议者还会给行政长官留有更多的余地。) 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
50 truthfulness 27c8b19ec00cf09690f381451b0fa00c     
n. 符合实际
参考例句:
  • Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. 她有许多的美德,如忠诚、勇敢和诚实。
  • I fired a hundred questions concerning the truthfulness of his statement. 我对他发言的真实性提出一连串质问。
51 Oxford Wmmz0a     
n.牛津(英国城市)
参考例句:
  • At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
  • This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。
52 lame r9gzj     
adj.跛的,(辩解、论据等)无说服力的
参考例句:
  • The lame man needs a stick when he walks.那跛脚男子走路时需借助拐棍。
  • I don't believe his story.It'sounds a bit lame.我不信他讲的那一套。他的话听起来有些靠不住。


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