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XXII. INDUSTRIAL AND RELIGIOUS CHANGES
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In the year 1860, in a public address in the city of London, the Earl of Shaftesbury paid the following tribute to the character of the American missionaries1 in Turkey:—
“I do not believe that in the whole history of missions; I do not believe that in the history of diplomacy2, or in the history of any negotiations3 carried on between man and man, we can find anything to equal the wisdom, the soundness, and the pure evangelical truth of the body of men who constitute the American mission. I have said it twenty times before, and I will say it again—for the expression appropriately conveys my meaning—that ‘they are a marvelous combination of common sense and piety4.’ Every man who comes in contact with these missionaries speaks in praise of them. Persons in authority, and persons in subjection, all speak in their favor; travelers speak well of them; and I know of no man who has ever been able to bring against that body a single valid5 objection. There they stand, tested by years, tried by their works, and exemplified by their fruits; and I believe it will be found that these American missionaries have done more toward upholding the truth and spreading the gospel of Christ in the East, than any other body of men in this or in any other age.”
Mr. William T. Stead once said, “How many American citizens, I wonder, are aware that from the slopes of Mount Ararat all the way to the shores of the Blue Ægean Sea, American missionaries have scattered6 broadcast over all the distressful7 land the seed of American principles. When General Mosseloff, the director of foreign faiths within the Russian empire, visited Etchmiadzin the Armenian patriarch spread before him the map of Asia Minor8, which was marked all over with American colleges, American churches, American schools, American missions. They (the American missionaries) are busy everywhere, teaching, preaching,
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1
missionaries
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n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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2
diplomacy
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n.外交;外交手腕,交际手腕 | |
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negotiations
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协商( negotiation的名词复数 ); 谈判; 完成(难事); 通过 | |
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4
piety
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n.虔诚,虔敬 | |
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valid
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adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的 | |
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scattered
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adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的 | |
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distressful
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adj.苦难重重的,不幸的,使苦恼的 | |
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minor
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adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修 | |
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begetting
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v.为…之生父( beget的现在分词 );产生,引起 | |
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implements
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n.工具( implement的名词复数 );家具;手段;[法律]履行(契约等)v.实现( implement的第三人称单数 );执行;贯彻;使生效 | |
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primitive
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adj.原始的;简单的;n.原(始)人,原始事物 | |
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plow
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n.犁,耕地,犁过的地;v.犁,费力地前进[英]plough | |
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13
winnowed
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adj.扬净的,风选的v.扬( winnow的过去式和过去分词 );辨别;选择;除去 | |
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susceptible
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adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的 | |
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opposition
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n.反对,敌对 | |
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blessing
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n.祈神赐福;祷告;祝福,祝愿 | |
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kerosene
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n.(kerosine)煤油,火油 | |
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missionary
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adj.教会的,传教(士)的;n.传教士 | |
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staples
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n.(某国的)主要产品( staple的名词复数 );钉书钉;U 形钉;主要部份v.用钉书钉钉住( staple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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exertions
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n.努力( exertion的名词复数 );费力;(能力、权力等的)运用;行使 | |
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worthy
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adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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needy
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adj.贫穷的,贫困的,生活艰苦的 | |
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justified
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a.正当的,有理的 | |
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disseminated
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散布,传播( disseminate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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massacres
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大屠杀( massacre的名词复数 ); 惨败 | |
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orphan
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n.孤儿;adj.无父母的 | |
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adoption
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n.采用,采纳,通过;收养 | |
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orphans
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孤儿( orphan的名词复数 ) | |
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embroidery
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n.绣花,刺绣;绣制品 | |
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remarkably
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ad.不同寻常地,相当地 | |
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inevitable
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adj.不可避免的,必然发生的 | |
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panes
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窗玻璃( pane的名词复数 ) | |
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whitewash
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v.粉刷,掩饰;n.石灰水,粉刷,掩饰 | |
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decided
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adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的 | |
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civilized
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a.有教养的,文雅的 | |
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wholesome
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adj.适合;卫生的;有益健康的;显示身心健康的 | |
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chafing
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n.皮肤发炎v.擦热(尤指皮肤)( chafe的现在分词 );擦痛;发怒;惹怒 | |
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restrictions
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约束( restriction的名词复数 ); 管制; 制约因素; 带限制性的条件(或规则) | |
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laborers
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n.体力劳动者,工人( laborer的名词复数 );(熟练工人的)辅助工 | |
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deport
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vt.驱逐出境 | |
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emigrants
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n.(从本国移往他国的)移民( emigrant的名词复数 ) | |
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pastors
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n.(基督教的)牧师( pastor的名词复数 ) | |
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Christian
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adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
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followers
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追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件 | |
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disturbance
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n.动乱,骚动;打扰,干扰;(身心)失调 | |
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clergy
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n.[总称]牧师,神职人员 | |
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proceeding
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n.行动,进行,(pl.)会议录,学报 | |
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investigation
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n.调查,调查研究 | |
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inquiry
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n.打听,询问,调查,查问 | |
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50
withdrawal
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n.取回,提款;撤退,撤军;收回,撤销 | |
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drawn
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v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的 | |
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52
dissent
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n./v.不同意,持异议 | |
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precisely
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adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地 | |
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ministry
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n.(政府的)部;牧师 | |
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virtue
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n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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salvation
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n.(尤指基督)救世,超度,拯救,解困 | |
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submission
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n.服从,投降;温顺,谦虚;提出 | |
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affected
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adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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testament
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n.遗嘱;证明 | |
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gulf
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n.海湾;深渊,鸿沟;分歧,隔阂 | |
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Christians
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n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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adherents
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n.支持者,拥护者( adherent的名词复数 );党羽;徒子徒孙 | |
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XXI. COMPLETED WORK
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