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XXIII. GRANDMAMMA

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Grandmamma was growing weaker every day. Her bell, Gasha’s grumbling¹ voice, and the slamming of doors in her room were sounds of constant occurrence, and she no longer received us sitting in the Voltairian arm-chair in her boudoir, but lying on the bed in her bedroom, supported on lace-trimmed cushions. One day when she greeted us, I noticed a yellowish-white swelling² on her hand, and smelt³ the same oppressive odour which I had smelt five years ago in Mamma’s room. The doctor came three times a day, and there had been more than one consultation⁴. Yet the character of her haughty⁵, ceremonious bearing towards all who lived with her, and particularly towards Papa, never changed in the least. She went on emphasising certain words, raising her eyebrows⁶, and saying “my dear,” just as she had always done.

Then for a few days we did not see her at all, and one morning St. Jerome proposed to me that Woloda and I should take Katenka and Lubotshka for a drive during the hours generally allotted⁷ to study. Although I observed that the street was lined with straw under the windows of Grandmamma’s room, and that some men in blue stockings [Undertaker’s men.] were standing⁸ at our gate, the reason never dawned upon me why we were being sent out at that unusual hour. Throughout the drive Lubotshka and I were in that particularly merry mood when the least trifle, the least word or movement, sets one off laughing.

A pedlar went trotting⁹ across the road with a tray, and we laughed. Some ragged^{10
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1
grumbling



adj. 喃喃鸣不平的, 出怨言的

参考例句：

She's always grumbling to me about how badly she's treated at work. 她总是向我抱怨她在工作中如何受亏待。
We didn't hear any grumbling about the food. 我们没听到过对食物的抱怨。

2
swelling



n.肿胀

参考例句：

Use ice to reduce the swelling. 用冰敷消肿。
There is a marked swelling of the lymph nodes. 淋巴结处有明显的肿块。

3
smelt



v.熔解，熔炼；n.银白鱼，胡瓜鱼

参考例句：

Tin is a comparatively easy metal to smelt.锡是比较容易熔化的金属。
Darby was looking for a way to improve iron when he hit upon the idea of smelting it with coke instead of charcoal.达比一直在寻找改善铁质的方法，他猛然想到可以不用木炭熔炼，而改用焦炭。

4
consultation



n.咨询；商量；商议；会议

参考例句：

The company has promised wide consultation on its expansion plans.该公司允诺就其扩展计划广泛征求意见。
The scheme was developed in close consultation with the local community.该计划是在同当地社区密切磋商中逐渐形成的。

5
haughty



adj.傲慢的，高傲的

参考例句：

He gave me a haughty look and walked away.他向我摆出傲慢的表情后走开。
They were displeased with her haughty airs.他们讨厌她高傲的派头。

6
eyebrows



眉毛( eyebrow的名词复数 )

参考例句：

Eyebrows stop sweat from coming down into the eyes. 眉毛挡住汗水使其不能流进眼睛。
His eyebrows project noticeably. 他的眉毛特别突出。

7
allotted



分配，拨给，摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

I completed the test within the time allotted . 我在限定的时间内完成了试验。
Each passenger slept on the berth allotted to him. 每个旅客都睡在分配给他的铺位上。

8
standing



n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

9
trotting



小跑，急走( trot的现在分词 )；匆匆忙忙地走

参考例句：

The riders came trotting down the lane. 这骑手骑着马在小路上慢跑。
Alan took the reins and the small horse started trotting. 艾伦抓住缰绳，小马开始慢跑起来。

10
ragged



adj.衣衫褴褛的，粗糙的，刺耳的

参考例句：

A ragged shout went up from the small crowd.这一小群人发出了刺耳的喊叫。
Ragged clothing infers poverty.破衣烂衫意味着贫穷。

11
brandishing



v.挥舞( brandish的现在分词 )；炫耀

参考例句：

The horseman came up to Robin Hood, brandishing his sword. 那个骑士挥舞着剑，来到罗宾汉面前。来自《简明英汉词典》
He appeared in the lounge brandishing a knife. 他挥舞着一把小刀，出现在休息室里。来自辞典例句

12
reins



感情，激情；缰( rein的名词复数 )；控制手段；掌管；（成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带

参考例句：

She pulled gently on the reins. 她轻轻地拉着缰绳。
The government has imposed strict reins on the import of luxury goods. 政府对奢侈品的进口有严格的控制手段。

13
sledge



n.雪橇，大锤；v.用雪橇搬运，坐雪橇往

参考例句：

The sledge gained momentum as it ran down the hill.雪橇从山上下冲时的动力越来越大。
The sledge slid across the snow as lightly as a boat on the water.雪橇在雪原上轻巧地滑行，就象船在水上行驶一样。

14
displeased



a.不快的

参考例句：

The old man was displeased and darted an angry look at me. 老人不高兴了，瞪了我一眼。
He was displeased about the whole affair. 他对整个事情感到很不高兴。

15
vent



n.通风口，排放口；开衩；vt.表达，发泄

参考例句：

He gave vent to his anger by swearing loudly.他高声咒骂以发泄他的愤怒。
When the vent became plugged,the engine would stop.当通风口被堵塞时，发动机就会停转。

16
affected



adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

17
forth



adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

18
hilarity



n.欢乐；热闹

参考例句：

The announcement was greeted with much hilarity and mirth.这一项宣布引起了热烈的欢呼声。
Wine gives not light hilarity,but noisy merriment.酒不给人以轻松的欢乐，而给人以嚣嚷的狂欢。

19
grimace



v.做鬼脸，面部歪扭

参考例句：

The boy stole a look at his father with grimace.那男孩扮着鬼脸偷看了他父亲一眼。
Thomas made a grimace after he had tasted the wine.托马斯尝了那葡萄酒后做了个鬼脸。

20
fixed



adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

21
gaping



adj.口的；张口的；敞口的；多洞穴的v.目瞪口呆地凝视( gape的现在分词 )；张开，张大

参考例句：

Ahead of them was a gaping abyss. 他们前面是一个巨大的深渊。
The antelope could not escape the crocodile's gaping jaws. 那只羚羊无法从鱷鱼张开的大口中逃脱。来自《简明英汉词典》

22
corpse



n.尸体，死尸

参考例句：

What she saw was just an unfeeling corpse.她见到的只是一具全无感觉的尸体。
The corpse was preserved from decay by embalming.尸体用香料涂抹以防腐烂。

23
reminder



n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

24
consolation



n.安慰，慰问

参考例句：

The children were a great consolation to me at that time.那时孩子们成了我的莫大安慰。
This news was of little consolation to us.这个消息对我们来说没有什么安慰。

25
sincerity



n.真诚，诚意；真实

参考例句：

His sincerity added much more authority to the story.他的真诚更增加了故事的说服力。
He tried hard to satisfy me of his sincerity.他竭力让我了解他的诚意。

26
bosom



n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的

参考例句：

She drew a little book from her bosom.她从怀里取出一本小册子。
A dark jealousy stirred in his bosom.他内心生出一阵恶毒的嫉妒。

27
conjectures



推测，猜想( conjecture的名词复数 )

参考例句：

That's weighing remote military conjectures against the certain deaths of innocent people. 那不过是牵强附会的军事假设，而现在的事实却是无辜者正在惨遭杀害，这怎能同日而语！
I was right in my conjectures. 我所猜测的都应验了。}

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1 grumbling
adj. 喃喃鸣不平的, 出怨言的
参考例句：
She's always grumbling to me about how badly she's treated at work. 她总是向我抱怨她在工作中如何受亏待。 We didn't hear any grumbling about the food. 我们没听到过对食物的抱怨。

2 swelling
n.肿胀
参考例句：
Use ice to reduce the swelling. 用冰敷消肿。 There is a marked swelling of the lymph nodes. 淋巴结处有明显的肿块。

3 smelt
v.熔解，熔炼；n.银白鱼，胡瓜鱼
参考例句：
Tin is a comparatively easy metal to smelt.锡是比较容易熔化的金属。 Darby was looking for a way to improve iron when he hit upon the idea of smelting it with coke instead of charcoal.达比一直在寻找改善铁质的方法，他猛然想到可以不用木炭熔炼，而改用焦炭。

4 consultation
n.咨询；商量；商议；会议
参考例句：
The company has promised wide consultation on its expansion plans.该公司允诺就其扩展计划广泛征求意见。 The scheme was developed in close consultation with the local community.该计划是在同当地社区密切磋商中逐渐形成的。

5 haughty
adj.傲慢的，高傲的
参考例句：
He gave me a haughty look and walked away.他向我摆出傲慢的表情后走开。 They were displeased with her haughty airs.他们讨厌她高傲的派头。

6 eyebrows
眉毛( eyebrow的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Eyebrows stop sweat from coming down into the eyes. 眉毛挡住汗水使其不能流进眼睛。 His eyebrows project noticeably. 他的眉毛特别突出。

7 allotted
分配，拨给，摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
I completed the test within the time allotted . 我在限定的时间内完成了试验。 Each passenger slept on the berth allotted to him. 每个旅客都睡在分配给他的铺位上。

8 standing
n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的
参考例句：
After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。 They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

9 trotting
小跑，急走( trot的现在分词 )；匆匆忙忙地走
参考例句：
The riders came trotting down the lane. 这骑手骑着马在小路上慢跑。 Alan took the reins and the small horse started trotting. 艾伦抓住缰绳，小马开始慢跑起来。

10 ragged
adj.衣衫褴褛的，粗糙的，刺耳的
参考例句：
A ragged shout went up from the small crowd.这一小群人发出了刺耳的喊叫。 Ragged clothing infers poverty.破衣烂衫意味着贫穷。

11 brandishing
v.挥舞( brandish的现在分词 )；炫耀
参考例句：
The horseman came up to Robin Hood, brandishing his sword. 那个骑士挥舞着剑，来到罗宾汉面前。来自《简明英汉词典》 He appeared in the lounge brandishing a knife. 他挥舞着一把小刀，出现在休息室里。来自辞典例句

12 reins
感情，激情；缰( rein的名词复数 )；控制手段；掌管；（成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带
参考例句：
She pulled gently on the reins. 她轻轻地拉着缰绳。 The government has imposed strict reins on the import of luxury goods. 政府对奢侈品的进口有严格的控制手段。

13 sledge
n.雪橇，大锤；v.用雪橇搬运，坐雪橇往
参考例句：
The sledge gained momentum as it ran down the hill.雪橇从山上下冲时的动力越来越大。 The sledge slid across the snow as lightly as a boat on the water.雪橇在雪原上轻巧地滑行，就象船在水上行驶一样。

14 displeased
a.不快的
参考例句：
The old man was displeased and darted an angry look at me. 老人不高兴了，瞪了我一眼。 He was displeased about the whole affair. 他对整个事情感到很不高兴。

15 vent
n.通风口，排放口；开衩；vt.表达，发泄
参考例句：
He gave vent to his anger by swearing loudly.他高声咒骂以发泄他的愤怒。 When the vent became plugged,the engine would stop.当通风口被堵塞时，发动机就会停转。

16 affected
adj.不自然的，假装的
参考例句：
She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。 His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

17 forth
adv.向前；向外，往外
参考例句：
The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。 He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

18 hilarity
n.欢乐；热闹
参考例句：
The announcement was greeted with much hilarity and mirth.这一项宣布引起了热烈的欢呼声。 Wine gives not light hilarity,but noisy merriment.酒不给人以轻松的欢乐，而给人以嚣嚷的狂欢。

19 grimace
v.做鬼脸，面部歪扭
参考例句：
The boy stole a look at his father with grimace.那男孩扮着鬼脸偷看了他父亲一眼。 Thomas made a grimace after he had tasted the wine.托马斯尝了那葡萄酒后做了个鬼脸。

20 fixed
adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的
参考例句：
Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？ Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

21 gaping
adj.口的；张口的；敞口的；多洞穴的v.目瞪口呆地凝视( gape的现在分词 )；张开，张大
参考例句：
Ahead of them was a gaping abyss. 他们前面是一个巨大的深渊。 The antelope could not escape the crocodile's gaping jaws. 那只羚羊无法从鱷鱼张开的大口中逃脱。来自《简明英汉词典》

22 corpse
n.尸体，死尸
参考例句：
What she saw was just an unfeeling corpse.她见到的只是一具全无感觉的尸体。 The corpse was preserved from decay by embalming.尸体用香料涂抹以防腐烂。

23 reminder
n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示
参考例句：
I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。 It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

24 consolation
n.安慰，慰问
参考例句：
The children were a great consolation to me at that time.那时孩子们成了我的莫大安慰。 This news was of little consolation to us.这个消息对我们来说没有什么安慰。

25 sincerity
n.真诚，诚意；真实
参考例句：
His sincerity added much more authority to the story.他的真诚更增加了故事的说服力。 He tried hard to satisfy me of his sincerity.他竭力让我了解他的诚意。

26 bosom
n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的
参考例句：
She drew a little book from her bosom.她从怀里取出一本小册子。 A dark jealousy stirred in his bosom.他内心生出一阵恶毒的嫉妒。

27 conjectures
推测，猜想( conjecture的名词复数 )
参考例句：
That's weighing remote military conjectures against the certain deaths of innocent people. 那不过是牵强附会的军事假设，而现在的事实却是无辜者正在惨遭杀害，这怎能同日而语！ I was right in my conjectures. 我所猜测的都应验了。