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Barring two or three tall buildings, the city of Pittsburgh was then of a simple and homelike aspect. A few blackened church
spires1, a small dark city hall and an old market-place, a long stretch of blast furnaces, black as night, and the lightly constructed bridges over the rivers, gave it all an airy grace and charm.
Since the houses up here were very simple, mostly working-men’s cottages, and the streets back followed the
crests2 of hills twisting and
winding3 as they went and providing in consequence the most startling and effective views of green hills and mountains beyond, I
decided4 that should I be so fortunate as to secure work I would move over here. It would be like living in a mountain resort, and most inexpensively.
I
descended5 and took a car which followed the Monongahela upstream to Homestead, and here for the first time had a view of that enormous steel plant which only recently (June to December, 1892) had played such a great part in the industrial drama of America. The details of the quarrel were fairly fresh in my mind: how the Carnegie Steel Company had planned, with the technicalities of a wage-scale readjustment as an excuse, to break the power of the
Amalgamated6 Steel Workers, who were becoming too forceful and who were best organized in their plant, and how the Amalgamated, resenting the introduction of three hundred Pinkerton guards to “protect” the plant, had attacked them,
killing7 several and injuring others, and so permitting the introduction of the State
militia8, which speedily and
permanently9 broke the power of the strikers. They could only wait then and starve, and so they had waited and starved for six months, when they finally returned to work, such of them as would be received. When I reached there in April, 1894, the battle was already fifteen months past, but the feeling was still alive. I did not then know what it was about this town of Homestead that was so depressing, but in the six months of my stay here I found that it was a compound of a sense of defeat and
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收听单词发音
1
spires
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n.(教堂的) 塔尖,尖顶( spire的名词复数 ) |
参考例句: |
- Her masts leveled with the spires of churches. 船的桅杆和教堂的塔尖一样高。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- White church spires lift above green valleys. 教堂的白色尖顶耸立在绿色山谷中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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2
crests
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v.到达山顶(或浪峰)( crest的第三人称单数 );到达洪峰,达到顶点 |
参考例句: |
- The surfers were riding in towards the beach on the crests of the waves. 冲浪者们顺着浪头冲向岸边。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The correspondent aroused, heard the crash of the toppled crests. 记者醒了,他听见了浪头倒塌下来的轰隆轰隆声。 来自辞典例句
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3
winding
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n.绕,缠,绕组,线圈 |
参考例句: |
- A winding lane led down towards the river.一条弯弯曲曲的小路通向河边。
- The winding trail caused us to lose our orientation.迂回曲折的小道使我们迷失了方向。
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4
decided
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adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的 |
参考例句: |
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
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5
descended
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a.为...后裔的,出身于...的 |
参考例句: |
- A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
- The path descended the hill in a series of zigzags. 小路呈连续的之字形顺着山坡蜿蜒而下。
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6
amalgamated
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v.(使)(金属)汞齐化( amalgamate的过去式和过去分词 );(使)合并;联合;结合 |
参考例句: |
- The company has now amalgamated with another local firm. 这家公司现在已与当地一家公司合并了。
- Those two organizations have been amalgamated into single one. 那两个组织已合并为一个组织。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
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7
killing
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n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财 |
参考例句: |
- Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
- Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。
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8
militia
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n.民兵,民兵组织 |
参考例句: |
- First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面,其次是民兵。
- There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。
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9
permanently
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adv.永恒地,永久地,固定不变地 |
参考例句: |
- The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
- The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。
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10
sullen
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adj.愠怒的,闷闷不乐的,(天气等)阴沉的 |
参考例句: |
- He looked up at the sullen sky.他抬头看了一眼阴沉的天空。
- Susan was sullen in the morning because she hadn't slept well.苏珊今天早上郁闷不乐,因为昨晚没睡好。
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11
ousted
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驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 ); 革职; 罢黜; 剥夺 |
参考例句: |
- He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
- He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。
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12
sprawled
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v.伸开四肢坐[躺]( sprawl的过去式和过去分词);蔓延;杂乱无序地拓展;四肢伸展坐着(或躺着) |
参考例句: |
- He was sprawled full-length across the bed. 他手脚摊开横躺在床上。
- He was lying sprawled in an armchair, watching TV. 他四肢伸开正懒散地靠在扶手椅上看电视。
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13
sputtering
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n.反应溅射法;飞溅;阴极真空喷镀;喷射v.唾沫飞溅( sputter的现在分词 );发劈啪声;喷出;飞溅出 |
参考例句: |
- A wick was sputtering feebly in a dish of oil. 瓦油灯上结了一个大灯花,使微弱的灯光变得更加阴暗。 来自汉英文学 - 家(1-26) - 家(1-26)
- Jack ran up to the referee, sputtering protest. 贾克跑到裁判跟前,唾沫飞溅地提出抗议。 来自辞典例句
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14
shrouded
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v.隐瞒( shroud的过去式和过去分词 );保密 |
参考例句: |
- The hills were shrouded in mist . 这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中。
- The towers were shrouded in mist. 城楼被蒙上薄雾。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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15
pall
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v.覆盖,使平淡无味;n.柩衣,棺罩;棺材;帷幕 |
参考例句: |
- Already the allure of meals in restaurants had begun to pall.饭店里的饭菜已经不像以前那样诱人。
- I find his books begin to pall on me after a while.我发觉他的书读过一阵子就开始对我失去吸引力。
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16
dwellings
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n.住处,处所( dwelling的名词复数 ) |
参考例句: |
- The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices. 新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。
- The hovels which passed for dwellings are being pulled down. 过去用作住室的陋屋正在被拆除。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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17
languishing
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a. 衰弱下去的 |
参考例句: |
- He is languishing for home. 他苦思家乡。
- How long will she go on languishing for her red-haired boy? 为想见到她的红头发的儿子,她还将为此烦恼多久呢?
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18
cluttered
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v.杂物,零乱的东西零乱vt.( clutter的过去式和过去分词 );乱糟糟地堆满,把…弄得很乱;(以…) 塞满… |
参考例句: |
- The room is cluttered up with all kinds of things. 零七八碎的东西放满了一屋子。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- The desk is cluttered with books and papers. 桌上乱糟糟地堆满了书报。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
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19
alleys
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胡同,小巷( alley的名词复数 ); 小径 |
参考例句: |
- I followed him through a maze of narrow alleys. 我紧随他穿过一条条迂迴曲折的窄巷。
- The children lead me through the maze of alleys to the edge of the city. 孩子们领我穿过迷宫一般的街巷,来到城边。
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20
mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 |
参考例句: |
- That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
- It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
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21
dwarfed
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vt.(使)显得矮小(dwarf的过去式与过去分词形式) |
参考例句: |
- The old houses were dwarfed by the huge new tower blocks. 这些旧房子在新建的高楼大厦的映衬下显得十分矮小。
- The elephant dwarfed the tortoise. 那只乌龟跟那头象相比就显得很小。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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22
foliage
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n.叶子,树叶,簇叶 |
参考例句: |
- The path was completely covered by the dense foliage.小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。
- Dark foliage clothes the hills.浓密的树叶覆盖着群山。
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23
withered
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adj. 枯萎的,干瘪的,(人身体的部分器官)因病萎缩的或未发育良好的
动词wither的过去式和过去分词形式 |
参考例句: |
- The grass had withered in the warm sun. 这些草在温暖的阳光下枯死了。
- The leaves of this tree have become dry and withered. 这棵树下的叶子干枯了。
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24
metallic
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adj.金属的;金属制的;含金属的;产金属的;像金属的 |
参考例句: |
- A sharp metallic note coming from the outside frightened me.外面传来尖锐铿锵的声音吓了我一跳。
- He picked up a metallic ring last night.昨夜他捡了一个金属戒指。
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25
fume
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n.(usu pl.)(浓烈或难闻的)烟,气,汽 |
参考例句: |
- The pressure of fume in chimney increases slowly from top to bottom.烟道内压力自上而下逐渐增加,底层住户的排烟最为不利。
- Your harsh words put her in a fume.你那些难听的话使她生气了。
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26
haze
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n.霾,烟雾;懵懂,迷糊;vi.(over)变模糊 |
参考例句: |
- I couldn't see her through the haze of smoke.在烟雾弥漫中,我看不见她。
- He often lives in a haze of whisky.他常常是在威士忌的懵懂醉意中度过的。
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27
browsed
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v.吃草( browse的过去式和过去分词 );随意翻阅;(在商店里)随便看看;(在计算机上)浏览信息 |
参考例句: |
- I browsed through some magazines while I waited. 我边等边浏览几本杂志。 来自辞典例句
- I browsed through the book, looking at page after page. 我翻开了一下全书,一页又一页。 来自互联网
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28
scrap
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n.碎片;废料;v.废弃,报废 |
参考例句: |
- A man comes round regularly collecting scrap.有个男人定时来收废品。
- Sell that car for scrap.把那辆汽车当残品卖了吧。
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29
smelting
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n.熔炼v.熔炼,提炼(矿石)( smelt的现在分词 ) |
参考例句: |
- a method of smelting iron 一种炼铁方法
- Fire provided a means of smelting ores. 火提供了熔炼矿石的手段。 来自辞典例句
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30
vats
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varieties 变化,多样性,种类 |
参考例句: |
- Fixed rare issue with getting stuck in VATS mode. 修正了极少出现的VATS模式卡住的问题。
- Objective To summarize the experience of VATS clinic application. 目的总结电视胸腔镜手术(vats)胸外科疾病治疗中的临床应用经验。
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31
labor
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n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦 |
参考例句: |
- We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
- He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
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32
labored
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adj.吃力的,谨慎的v.努力争取(for)( labor的过去式和过去分词 );苦干;详细分析;(指引擎)缓慢而困难地运转 |
参考例句: |
- I was close enough to the elk to hear its labored breathing. 我离那头麋鹿非常近,能听见它吃力的呼吸声。 来自辞典例句
- They have labored to complete the job. 他们努力完成这一工作。 来自辞典例句
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33
conservatories
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n.(培植植物的)温室,暖房( conservatory的名词复数 ) |
参考例句: |
- Conservatories have grown in popularity over the past 10 years. 过去10年,温室越来越受到欢迎。 来自互联网
- FEBRI ELEMENT offers Offers to Railing systems, Aluminium elements and Conservatories. 是一家现代化、得信赖的产品供应商,该供应商从事栏杆,护栏系统,梯式支座装置、式支座装置,钢梯的制造和销售。 来自互联网
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34
bartering
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v.作物物交换,以货换货( barter的现在分词 ) |
参考例句: |
- Parliament would be touchy about bartering British soil for ships. 用英国国土换取舰只,议会感到为难。 来自辞典例句
- In former times trade was based on bartering--goods were exchanged for other goods. 以前,贸易是以易货(即货物交换)的方式进行的。 来自辞典例句
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35
patronage
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n.赞助,支援,援助;光顾,捧场 |
参考例句: |
- Though it was not yet noon,there was considerable patronage.虽然时间未到中午,店中已有许多顾客惠顾。
- I am sorry to say that my patronage ends with this.很抱歉,我的赞助只能到此为止。
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36
deprivations
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剥夺( deprivation的名词复数 ); 被夺去; 缺乏; 匮乏 |
参考例句: |
- At this, some of the others chime in with memories of prewar deprivations. 听到这话,另外那些人中有几个开始加进来讲述他们对战前贫困生活的回忆。 来自柯林斯例句
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37
shacks
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n.窝棚,简陋的小屋( shack的名词复数 ) |
参考例句: |
- They live in shacks which they made out of wood. 他们住在用木头搭成的简陋的小屋里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Most people in Port au-Prince live in tin shacks. 太子港的大多数居民居住在铁皮棚里。 来自互联网
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38
vividly
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adv.清楚地,鲜明地,生动地 |
参考例句: |
- The speaker pictured the suffering of the poor vividly.演讲者很生动地描述了穷人的生活。
- The characters in the book are vividly presented.这本书里的人物写得栩栩如生。
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39
imposing
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adj.使人难忘的,壮丽的,堂皇的,雄伟的 |
参考例句: |
- The fortress is an imposing building.这座城堡是一座宏伟的建筑。
- He has lost his imposing appearance.他已失去堂堂仪表。
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40
verandaed
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阳台,走廊 |
参考例句: |
- After dinner, we sat talking on the veranda. 饭后我们坐在游廊上交谈。
- She sat in the shade on the veranda. 她坐在阳台上的遮荫处。
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41
jingling
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叮当声 |
参考例句: |
- A carriage went jingling by with some reclining figure in it. 一辆马车叮当驶过,车上斜倚着一个人。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
- Melanie did not seem to know, or care, that life was riding by with jingling spurs. 媚兰好像并不知道,或者不关心,生活正马刺丁当地一路驶过去了呢。
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42
arboretum
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n.植物园 |
参考例句: |
- We can go to the arboretum in the southern suburb.我们可以去南郊的植物园。
- The arboretum is full of exotic flowers and rare herbs.植物园里长满了各种奇花异草。
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43
graceful
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adj.优美的,优雅的;得体的 |
参考例句: |
- His movements on the parallel bars were very graceful.他的双杠动作可帅了!
- The ballet dancer is so graceful.芭蕾舞演员的姿态是如此的优美。
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44
limestone
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n.石灰石 |
参考例句: |
- Limestone is often used in building construction.石灰岩常用于建筑。
- Cement is made from limestone.水泥是由石灰石制成的。
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45
thaws
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n.(足以解冻的)暖和天气( thaw的名词复数 );(敌对国家之间)关系缓和v.(气候)解冻( thaw的第三人称单数 );(态度、感情等)缓和;(冰、雪及冷冻食物)溶化;软化 |
参考例句: |
- The sun at noon thaws the ice on the road. 中午的阳光很快把路上的冰融化了。 来自辞典例句
- It thaws in March here. 在此地化雪的季节是三月。 来自辞典例句
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46
prated
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v.(古时用语)唠叨,啰唆( prate的过去式和过去分词 ) |
参考例句: |
- She prated of the good old days. 她喋喋不休地谈过去的好日子。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
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47
palaver
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adj.壮丽堂皇的;n.废话,空话 |
参考例句: |
- We don't want all that palaver,do we?我们不想那样小题大做,不是吗?
- Progress is neither proclamation nor palaver.进步不是宣言,也不是空谈。
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48
immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 |
参考例句: |
- His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
- We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。
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49
blessing
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n.祈神赐福;祷告;祝福,祝愿 |
参考例句: |
- The blessing was said in Hebrew.祷告用了希伯来语。
- A double blessing has descended upon the house.双喜临门。
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50
arrogant
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adj.傲慢的,自大的 |
参考例句: |
- You've got to get rid of your arrogant ways.你这骄傲劲儿得好好改改。
- People are waking up that he is arrogant.人们开始认识到他很傲慢。
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51
doorway
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n.门口,(喻)入门;门路,途径 |
参考例句: |
- They huddled in the shop doorway to shelter from the rain.他们挤在商店门口躲雨。
- Mary suddenly appeared in the doorway.玛丽突然出现在门口。
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52
meditated
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深思,沉思,冥想( meditate的过去式和过去分词 ); 内心策划,考虑 |
参考例句: |
- He meditated for two days before giving his answer. 他在作出答复之前考虑了两天。
- She meditated for 2 days before giving her answer. 她考虑了两天才答复。
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53
erasing
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v.擦掉( erase的现在分词 );抹去;清除 |
参考例句: |
- He was like a sponge, erasing the past, soaking up the future. 他象一块海绵,挤出过去,吸进未来。 来自辞典例句
- Suddenly, fear overtook longing, erasing memories. 突然,恐惧淹没了渴望,泯灭了回忆。 来自辞典例句
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54
eventual
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adj.最后的,结局的,最终的 |
参考例句: |
- Several schools face eventual closure.几所学校面临最终关闭。
- Both parties expressed optimism about an eventual solution.双方对问题的最终解决都表示乐观。
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55
trotted
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小跑,急走( trot的过去分词 ); 匆匆忙忙地走 |
参考例句: |
- She trotted her pony around the field. 她骑着小马绕场慢跑。
- Anne trotted obediently beside her mother. 安妮听话地跟在妈妈身边走。
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panorama
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n.全景,全景画,全景摄影,全景照片[装置] |
参考例句: |
- A vast panorama of the valley lay before us.山谷的广阔全景展现在我们面前。
- A flourishing and prosperous panorama spread out before our eyes.一派欣欣向荣的景象展现在我们的眼前。
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57
winking
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n.瞬眼,目语v.使眼色( wink的现在分词 );递眼色(表示友好或高兴等);(指光)闪烁;闪亮 |
参考例句: |
- Anyone can do it; it's as easy as winking. 这谁都办得到,简直易如反掌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- The stars were winking in the clear sky. 星星在明亮的天空中闪烁。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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58
standing
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n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 |
参考例句: |
- After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
- They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
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59
aloof
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adj.远离的;冷淡的,漠不关心的 |
参考例句: |
- Never stand aloof from the masses.千万不可脱离群众。
- On the evening the girl kept herself timidly aloof from the crowd.这小女孩在晚会上一直胆怯地远离人群。
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60
unpaid
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adj.未付款的,无报酬的 |
参考例句: |
- Doctors work excessive unpaid overtime.医生过度加班却无报酬。
- He's doing a month's unpaid work experience with an engineering firm.他正在一家工程公司无偿工作一个月以获得工作经验。
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61
peculiar
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adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 |
参考例句: |
- He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
- He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。
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62
somnolent
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adj.想睡的,催眠的;adv.瞌睡地;昏昏欲睡地;使人瞌睡地 |
参考例句: |
- The noise of the stream had a pleasantly somnolent effect.小河潺潺的流水声有宜人的催眠效果。
- The sedative makes people very somnolent.这种镇静剂会让人瞌睡。
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63
genial
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adj.亲切的,和蔼的,愉快的,脾气好的 |
参考例句: |
- Orlando is a genial man.奥兰多是一位和蔼可亲的人。
- He was a warm-hearted friend and genial host.他是个热心的朋友,也是友善待客的主人。
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64
sociable
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adj.好交际的,友好的,合群的 |
参考例句: |
- Roger is a very sociable person.罗杰是个非常好交际的人。
- Some children have more sociable personalities than others.有些孩子比其他孩子更善于交际。
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65
albeit
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conj.即使;纵使;虽然 |
参考例句: |
- Albeit fictional,she seemed to have resolved the problem.虽然是虚构的,但是在她看来好象是解决了问题。
- Albeit he has failed twice,he is not discouraged.虽然失败了两次,但他并没有气馁。
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66
cynical
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adj.(对人性或动机)怀疑的,不信世道向善的 |
参考例句: |
- The enormous difficulty makes him cynical about the feasibility of the idea.由于困难很大,他对这个主意是否可行持怀疑态度。
- He was cynical that any good could come of democracy.他不相信民主会带来什么好处。
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67
patriotism
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n.爱国精神,爱国心,爱国主义 |
参考例句: |
- His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
- They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism.他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。
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68
juggling
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n. 欺骗, 杂耍(=jugglery)
adj. 欺骗的, 欺诈的
动词juggle的现在分词 |
参考例句: |
- He was charged with some dishonest juggling with the accounts. 他被指控用欺骗手段窜改账目。
- The accountant went to prison for juggling his firm's accounts. 会计因涂改公司的帐目而入狱。
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69
frankly
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adv.坦白地,直率地;坦率地说 |
参考例句: |
- To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说,我一点也不赞成这个主意。
- Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说,我不反对改革。
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70
enigmas
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n.难于理解的问题、人、物、情况等,奥秘( enigma的名词复数 ) |
参考例句: |
- The last words of Night Haunter stand as one of the great enigmas of Imperial history. 暗夜幽魂最后的临死前的话成为了帝国历史上的最大谜团之一。 来自互联网
- Heraclitus saith well in one of his enigmas, Dry light is ever the best. 赫拉克里塔斯在他的隐语之一中说得很好,“干光永远最佳”。 来自互联网
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71
theatrical
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adj.剧场的,演戏的;做戏似的,做作的 |
参考例句: |
- The final scene was dismayingly lacking in theatrical effect.最后一场缺乏戏剧效果,叫人失望。
- She always makes some theatrical gesture.她老在做些夸张的手势。
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72
personalities
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n. 诽谤,(对某人容貌、性格等所进行的)人身攻击; 人身攻击;人格, 个性, 名人( personality的名词复数 ) |
参考例句: |
- There seemed to be a degree of personalities in her remarks.她话里有些人身攻击的成分。
- Personalities are not in good taste in general conversation.在一般的谈话中诽谤他人是不高尚的。
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73
utterly
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adv.完全地,绝对地 |
参考例句: |
- Utterly devoted to the people,he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民,把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
- I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled.她的微笑使我完全陶醉了。
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74
conspiracy
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n.阴谋,密谋,共谋 |
参考例句: |
- The men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.这些人被裁决犯有阴谋杀人罪。
- He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。
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75
lured
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吸引,引诱(lure的过去式与过去分词形式) |
参考例句: |
- The child was lured into a car but managed to escape. 那小孩被诱骗上了车,但又设法逃掉了。
- Lured by the lust of gold,the pioneers pushed onward. 开拓者在黄金的诱惑下,继续奋力向前。
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76
luring
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吸引,引诱(lure的现在分词形式) |
参考例句: |
- Cheese is very good for luring a mouse into a trap. 奶酪是引诱老鼠上钩的极好的东西。
- Her training warned her of peril and of the wrong, subtle, mysterious, luring. 她的教养警告她:有危险,要出错儿,这是微妙、神秘而又诱人的。
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78
radical
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n.激进份子,原子团,根号;adj.根本的,激进的,彻底的 |
参考例句: |
- The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
- She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。
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79
subtlety
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n.微妙,敏锐,精巧;微妙之处,细微的区别 |
参考例句: |
- He has shown enormous strength,great intelligence and great subtlety.他表现出充沛的精力、极大的智慧和高度的灵活性。
- The subtlety of his remarks was unnoticed by most of his audience.大多数听众都没有觉察到他讲话的微妙之处。
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80
innate
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adj.天生的,固有的,天赋的 |
参考例句: |
- You obviously have an innate talent for music.你显然有天生的音乐才能。
- Correct ideas are not innate in the mind.人的正确思想不是自己头脑中固有的。
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