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CHAPTER VIII
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We have left our eighteenth-century novelists—Fielding, Richardson, and Smollett—safely behind us, with all their solidity and their audacity1, their sincerity2, and their coarseness of fibre. They have brought us, as you perceive, to the end of the shelf. What, not wearied? Ready for yet another? Let us run down this next row, then, and I will tell you a few things which may be of interest, though they will be dull enough if you have not been born with that love of books in your heart which is among the choicest gifts of the gods. If that is wanting, then one might as well play music to the deaf, or walk round the Academy with the colour-blind, as appeal to the book-sense of an unfortunate who has it not.
There is this old brown volume in the corner. How it got there I cannot imagine, for it is one of those which I bought for threepence out of the remnant box in Edinburgh, and its weather-beaten comrades are up yonder in the back gallery, while this one has elbowed its way among the quality in the stalls. But it is worth a word or two. Take it out and handle it! See how swarthy it is, how squat3, with how bullet-proof a cover of scaling leather. Now open the fly-leaf "Ex libris Guilielmi Whyte. 1672" in faded yellow ink. I wonder who William Whyte may have been, and what he did upon earth in the reign4 of the merry monarch5. A pragmatical seventeenth-century lawyer, I should judge, by that hard, angular writing. The date of issue is 1642, so it was printed just about the time when the Pilgrim Fathers were settling down into their new American home, and the first Charles's head was still firm upon his shoulders, though a little puzzled, no doubt, at what was going on around it. The book is in Latin—though Cicero might not have admitted it—and it treats of the laws of warfare6.
I picture some pedantic7 Dugald Dalgetty bearing it about under his buff coat, or down in his holster, and turning up the reference for every fresh emergency which occurred. "Hullo! here's a well!" says he. "I wonder if I may poison it?" Out comes the book, and he runs a dirty
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收听单词发音

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audacity
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n.大胆,卤莽,无礼 | |
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2
sincerity
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n.真诚,诚意;真实 | |
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squat
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v.蹲坐,蹲下;n.蹲下;adj.矮胖的,粗矮的 | |
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4
reign
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n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势 | |
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monarch
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n.帝王,君主,最高统治者 | |
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warfare
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n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突 | |
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pedantic
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adj.卖弄学问的;迂腐的 | |
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forefinger
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n.食指 | |
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mash
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n.麦芽浆,糊状物,土豆泥;v.把…捣成糊状,挑逗,调情 | |
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embittered
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v.使怨恨,激怒( embitter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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veneers
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n.饰面薄板( veneer的名词复数 );虚假的外表;虚饰;牙罩冠 | |
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memoirs
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n.回忆录;回忆录传( mem,自oir的名词复数) | |
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illiterate
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adj.文盲的;无知的;n.文盲 | |
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wholesale
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n.批发;adv.以批发方式;vt.批发,成批出售 | |
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dealer
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n.商人,贩子 | |
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labyrinth
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n.迷宫;难解的事物;迷路 | |
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authenticity
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n.真实性 | |
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bards
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n.诗人( bard的名词复数 ) | |
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plausible
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adj.似真实的,似乎有理的,似乎可信的 | |
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gallant
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adj.英勇的,豪侠的;(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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ferment
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vt.使发酵;n./vt.(使)激动,(使)动乱 | |
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veins
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n.纹理;矿脉( vein的名词复数 );静脉;叶脉;纹理 | |
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exhausted
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adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的 | |
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infantry
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n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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cavalry
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n.骑兵;轻装甲部队 | |
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laurels
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n.桂冠,荣誉 | |
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epic
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n.史诗,叙事诗;adj.史诗般的,壮丽的 | |
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vividly
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adv.清楚地,鲜明地,生动地 | |
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pretentious
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adj.自命不凡的,自负的,炫耀的 | |
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chivalrous
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adj.武士精神的;对女人彬彬有礼的 | |
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admiration
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n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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makers
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n.制造者,制造商(maker的复数形式) | |
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lurch
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n.突然向前或旁边倒;v.蹒跚而行 | |
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hearty
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adj.热情友好的;衷心的;尽情的,纵情的 | |
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regiment
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n.团,多数,管理;v.组织,编成团,统制 | |
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strapped
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adj.用皮带捆住的,用皮带装饰的;身无分文的;缺钱;手头紧v.用皮带捆扎(strap的过去式和过去分词);用皮带抽打;包扎;给…打绷带 | |
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redeemed
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adj. 可赎回的,可救赎的 动词redeem的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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overdone
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v.做得过分( overdo的过去分词 );太夸张;把…煮得太久;(工作等)过度 | |
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Portuguese
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n.葡萄牙人;葡萄牙语 | |
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pertinacity
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n.执拗,顽固 | |
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amiable
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adj.和蔼可亲的,友善的,亲切的 | |
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concussion
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n.脑震荡;震动 | |
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spine
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n.脊柱,脊椎;(动植物的)刺;书脊 | |
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savaged
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(动物)凶狠地攻击(或伤害)( savage的过去式和过去分词 ); 残害; 猛烈批评; 激烈抨击 | |
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robust
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adj.强壮的,强健的,粗野的,需要体力的,浓的 | |
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presumptuous
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adj.胆大妄为的,放肆的,冒昧的,冒失的 | |
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artistic
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adj.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的;善于艺术创作的 | |
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touching
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adj.动人的,使人感伤的 | |
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graphic
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adj.生动的,形象的,绘画的,文字的,图表的 | |
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sergeant
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n.警官,中士 | |
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foraging
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v.搜寻(食物),尤指动物觅(食)( forage的现在分词 );(尤指用手)搜寻(东西) | |
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frugal
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adj.节俭的,节约的,少量的,微量的 | |
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vigour
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(=vigor)n.智力,体力,精力 | |
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naval
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adj.海军的,军舰的,船的 | |
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embarkation
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n. 乘船, 搭机, 开船 | |
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reassuring
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a.使人消除恐惧和疑虑的,使人放心的 | |
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disclaimed
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v.否认( disclaim的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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contemplate
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vt.盘算,计议;周密考虑;注视,凝视 | |
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thwarting
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阻挠( thwart的现在分词 ); 使受挫折; 挫败; 横过 | |
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continental
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adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的 | |
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ransomed
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付赎金救人,赎金( ransom的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ransom
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n.赎金,赎身;v.赎回,解救 | |
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treasury
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n.宝库;国库,金库;文库 | |
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swollen
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adj.肿大的,水涨的;v.使变大,肿胀 | |
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vessel
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n.船舶;容器,器皿;管,导管,血管 | |
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fixed
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adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的 | |
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muster
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v.集合,收集,鼓起,激起;n.集合,检阅,集合人员,点名册 | |
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bluff
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v.虚张声势,用假象骗人;n.虚张声势,欺骗 | |
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perfidious
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adj.不忠的,背信弃义的 | |
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commemorate
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vt.纪念,庆祝 | |
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remains
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n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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intercepted
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拦截( intercept的过去式和过去分词 ); 截住; 截击; 拦阻 | |
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hatred
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n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨 | |
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descending
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n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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annoyance
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n.恼怒,生气,烦恼 | |
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inflicted
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把…强加给,使承受,遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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forth
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adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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retaliation
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n.报复,反击 | |
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refinement
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n.文雅;高尚;精美;精制;精炼 | |
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vengeance
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n.报复,报仇,复仇 | |
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guilt
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n.犯罪;内疚;过失,罪责 | |
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monstrous
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adj.巨大的;恐怖的;可耻的,丢脸的 | |
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adamant
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adj.坚硬的,固执的 | |
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proceeding
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n.行动,进行,(pl.)会议录,学报 | |
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miseries
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n.痛苦( misery的名词复数 );痛苦的事;穷困;常发牢骚的人 | |
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loyalty
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n.忠诚,忠心 | |
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humble
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adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;v.降低,贬低 | |
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mighty
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adj.强有力的;巨大的 | |
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slanting
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倾斜的,歪斜的 | |
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protruded
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v.(使某物)伸出,(使某物)突出( protrude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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misery
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n.痛苦,苦恼,苦难;悲惨的境遇,贫苦 | |
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inmates
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n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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rations
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定量( ration的名词复数 ); 配给量; 正常量; 合理的量 | |
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carrion
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n.腐肉 | |
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worthy
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adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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alas
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int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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contraband
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n.违禁品,走私品 | |
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procure
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vt.获得,取得,促成;vi.拉皮条 | |
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battalions
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n.(陆军的)一营(大约有一千兵士)( battalion的名词复数 );协同作战的部队;军队;(组织在一起工作的)队伍 | |
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havoc
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n.大破坏,浩劫,大混乱,大杂乱 | |
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triumphant
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adj.胜利的,成功的;狂欢的,喜悦的 | |
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miserable
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adj.悲惨的,痛苦的;可怜的,糟糕的 | |
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captivity
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n.囚禁;被俘;束缚 | |
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retracing
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v.折回( retrace的现在分词 );回忆;回顾;追溯 | |
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dignified
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a.可敬的,高贵的 | |
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oration
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n.演说,致辞,叙述法 | |
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harangue
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n.慷慨冗长的训话,言辞激烈的讲话 | |
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exhort
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v.规劝,告诫 | |
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fortitude
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n.坚忍不拔;刚毅 | |
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grizzly
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adj.略为灰色的,呈灰色的;n.灰色大熊 | |
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countenance
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n.脸色,面容;面部表情;vt.支持,赞同 | |
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spoke
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n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说 | |
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severed
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v.切断,断绝( sever的过去式和过去分词 );断,裂 | |
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mangled
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vt.乱砍(mangle的过去式与过去分词形式) | |
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warrior
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n.勇士,武士,斗士 | |
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portentous
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adj.不祥的,可怕的,装腔作势的 | |
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infamous
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adj.声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的,邪恶的 | |
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manly
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adj.有男子气概的;adv.男子般地,果断地 | |
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follower
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n.跟随者;随员;门徒;信徒 | |
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desperately
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adv.极度渴望地,绝望地,孤注一掷地 | |
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zeal
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n.热心,热情,热忱 | |
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inflamed
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adj.发炎的,红肿的v.(使)变红,发怒,过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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strife
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n.争吵,冲突,倾轧,竞争 | |
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breach
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n.违反,不履行;破裂;vt.冲破,攻破 | |
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quotation
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n.引文,引语,语录;报价,牌价,行情 | |
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varied
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adj.多样的,多变化的 | |
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thoroughly
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adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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aspirations
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强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 ); 志向; 发送气音; 发 h 音 | |
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philosophic
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adj.哲学的,贤明的 | |
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temperament
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n.气质,性格,性情 | |
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solitary
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adj.孤独的,独立的,荒凉的;n.隐士 | |
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highlander
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n.高地的人,苏格兰高地地区的人 | |
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133
corps
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n.(通信等兵种的)部队;(同类作的)一组 | |
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134
eloquent
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adj.雄辩的,口才流利的;明白显示出的 | |
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135
unity
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n.团结,联合,统一;和睦,协调 | |
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136
scattered
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adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的 | |
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discursive
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adj.离题的,无层次的 | |
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138
chatter
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vi./n.喋喋不休;短促尖叫;(牙齿)打战 | |
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139
immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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followers
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追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件 | |
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141
attain
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vt.达到,获得,完成 | |
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142
alleviated
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减轻,缓解,缓和( alleviate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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143
exhortation
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n.劝告,规劝 | |
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144
callous
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adj.无情的,冷淡的,硬结的,起老茧的 | |
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145
enlisted
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adj.应募入伍的v.(使)入伍, (使)参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 );获得(帮助或支持) | |
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146
lavish
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adj.无节制的;浪费的;vt.慷慨地给予,挥霍 | |
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147
amenities
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n.令人愉快的事物;礼仪;礼节;便利设施;礼仪( amenity的名词复数 );便利设施;(环境等的)舒适;(性情等的)愉快 | |
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148
disinterested
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adj.不关心的,不感兴趣的 | |
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149
emancipation
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n.(从束缚、支配下)解放 | |
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150
apex
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n.顶点,最高点 | |
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151
averse
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adj.厌恶的;反对的,不乐意的 | |
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152
supreme
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adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的 | |
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153
hampered
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妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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154
percussion
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n.打击乐器;冲突,撞击;震动,音响 | |
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155
musket
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n.滑膛枪 | |
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156
incisive
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adj.敏锐的,机敏的,锋利的,切入的 | |
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157
besieging
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包围,围困,围攻( besiege的现在分词 ) | |
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158
bloody
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adj.非常的的;流血的;残忍的;adv.很;vt.血染 | |
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159
pervades
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v.遍及,弥漫( pervade的第三人称单数 ) | |
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160
deserted
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adj.荒芜的,荒废的,无人的,被遗弃的 | |
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161
manifestation
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n.表现形式;表明;现象 | |
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162
abstemious
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adj.有节制的,节俭的 | |
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163
flinched
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v.(因危险和痛苦)退缩,畏惧( flinch的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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164
tenacity
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n.坚韧 | |
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165
faltered
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(嗓音)颤抖( falter的过去式和过去分词 ); 支吾其词; 蹒跚; 摇晃 | |
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166
granite
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adj.花岗岩,花岗石 | |
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167
hush
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int.嘘,别出声;n.沉默,静寂;v.使安静 | |
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168
austere
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adj.艰苦的;朴素的,朴实无华的;严峻的 | |
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169
dealing
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n.经商方法,待人态度 | |
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170
narrative
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n.叙述,故事;adj.叙事的,故事体的 | |
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171
narratives
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记叙文( narrative的名词复数 ); 故事; 叙述; 叙述部分 | |
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172
fascination
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n.令人着迷的事物,魅力,迷恋 | |
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173
enthralling
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迷人的 | |
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174
perennial
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adj.终年的;长久的 | |
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175
incessant
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adj.不停的,连续的 | |
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176
artillery
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n.(军)火炮,大炮;炮兵(部队) | |
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177
intervals
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n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 | |
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178
defective
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adj.有毛病的,有问题的,有瑕疵的 | |
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179
folly
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n.愚笨,愚蠢,蠢事,蠢行,傻话 | |
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CHAPTER VII
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CHAPTER IX
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