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Section 3
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Will a Utopian be free to be idle?
Work has to be done, every day humanity is sustained by its collective effort, and without a constant recurrence1 of effort in the single man as in the race as a whole, there is neither health nor happiness. The permanent idleness of a human being is not only burthensome to the world, but his own secure misery2. But unprofitable occupation is also intended by idleness, and it may be considered whether that freedom also will be open to the Utopian. Conceivably it will, like privacy, locomotion3, and almost all the freedoms of life, and on the same terms — if he possess the money to pay for it.
That last condition may produce a shock in minds accustomed to the proposition that money is the root of all evil, and to the idea that Utopia necessarily implies something rather oaken and hand-made and primitive4 in all these relations. Of course, money is not the root of any evil in the world; the root of all evil in the world, and the root of all good too, is the Will to Live, and money becomes harmful only when by bad laws and bad economic organisation5 it is more easily attained6 by bad men than good. It is as reasonable to say food is the root of all disease, because so many people suffer from excessive and unwise eating. The sane7 economic ideal is to make the possession of money the clear indication of public serviceableness, and the more nearly that ideal is attained, the smaller is the justification8 of poverty and the less the hardship of being poor. In barbaric and disorderly countries it is almost honourable9 to be indigent
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1
recurrence
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n.复发,反复,重现 | |
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2
misery
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n.痛苦,苦恼,苦难;悲惨的境遇,贫苦 | |
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3
locomotion
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n.运动,移动 | |
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4
primitive
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adj.原始的;简单的;n.原(始)人,原始事物 | |
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5
organisation
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n.组织,安排,团体,有机休 | |
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6
attained
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(通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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7
sane
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adj.心智健全的,神志清醒的,明智的,稳健的 | |
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8
justification
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n.正当的理由;辩解的理由 | |
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9
honourable
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adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的 | |
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10
indigent
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adj.贫穷的,贫困的 | |
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11
virtuous
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adj.有品德的,善良的,贞洁的,有效力的 | |
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12
virtues
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美德( virtue的名词复数 ); 德行; 优点; 长处 | |
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13
wards
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区( ward的名词复数 ); 病房; 受监护的未成年者; 被人照顾或控制的状态 | |
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14
tariff
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n.关税,税率;(旅馆、饭店等)价目表,收费表 | |
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15
permissible
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adj.可允许的,许可的 | |
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incurred
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[医]招致的,遭受的; incur的过去式 | |
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17
decency
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n.体面,得体,合宜,正派,庄重 | |
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18
premium
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n.加付款;赠品;adj.高级的;售价高的 | |
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19
ripening
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v.成熟,使熟( ripen的现在分词 );熟化;熟成 | |
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20
margin
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n.页边空白;差额;余地,余裕;边,边缘 | |
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21
stranded
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a.搁浅的,进退两难的 | |
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22
radius
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n.半径,半径范围;有效航程,范围,界限 | |
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23
incompatible
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adj.不相容的,不协调的,不相配的 | |
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24
registration
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n.登记,注册,挂号 | |
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coupons
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n.礼券( coupon的名词复数 );优惠券;订货单;参赛表 | |
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26
speculations
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n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 );思考;投机活动;推断 | |
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illiterates
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目不识丁者( illiterate的名词复数 ); 无知 | |
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versatile
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adj.通用的,万用的;多才多艺的,多方面的 | |
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adaptability
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n.适应性 | |
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30
diminution
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n.减少;变小 | |
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31
mediocre
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adj.平常的,普通的 | |
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32
stimulate
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vt.刺激,使兴奋;激励,使…振奋 | |
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33
immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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34
glutting
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v.吃得过多( glut的现在分词 );(对胃口、欲望等)纵情满足;使厌腻;塞满 | |
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35
entirely
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ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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civilisation
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n.文明,文化,开化,教化 | |
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machinery
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n.(总称)机械,机器;机构 | |
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saturated
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a.饱和的,充满的 | |
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prolific
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adj.丰富的,大量的;多产的,富有创造力的 | |
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scarcity
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n.缺乏,不足,萧条 | |
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41
ebb
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vi.衰退,减退;n.处于低潮,处于衰退状态 | |
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dictated
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v.大声讲或读( dictate的过去式和过去分词 );口授;支配;摆布 | |
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Section 2
下一章:
Section 4
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