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Chapter V Discipline
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In view of the significance of nature, we arrive at once at a new This use of the world includes the preceding uses, as parts of itself.
Space, time, society, labor1, climate, food, locomotion2, the animals, the mechanical forces, give us sincerest lessons, day by day, whose meaning is unlimited3. They educate both the Understanding and the Reason. Every property of matter is a school for the understanding, — its solidity or resistance, its inertia4, its extension, its figure, its divisibility. The understanding adds, divides, combines, measures, and finds nutriment and room for its activity in this worthy5 scene. Meantime, Reason transfers all these lessons into its own world of thought, by perceiving the analogy that marries Matter and Mind.
1. Nature is a discipline of the understanding in intellectual truths. Our dealing6 with sensible objects is a constant exercise in the necessary lessons of difference, of likeness7, of order, of being and seeming, of progressive arrangement; of ascent8 from particular to general; of combination to one end of manifold forces. Proportioned to the importance of the organ to be formed, is the extreme care with which its tuition is provided, — a care pretermitted in no single case. What tedious training, day after day, year after year, never ending, to form the common sense; what continual reproduction of annoyances9, inconveniences, dilemmas10; what rejoicing over us of little men; what disputing of prices, what reckonings of interest, — and all to form the Hand of the mind; — to instruct us that “good thoughts are no better than good dreams, unless they be executed!”
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1
labor
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n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦 | |
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2
locomotion
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n.运动,移动 | |
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3
unlimited
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adj.无限的,不受控制的,无条件的 | |
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inertia
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adj.惰性,惯性,懒惰,迟钝 | |
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worthy
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adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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dealing
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n.经商方法,待人态度 | |
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likeness
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n.相像,相似(之处) | |
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ascent
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n.(声望或地位)提高;上升,升高;登高 | |
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annoyances
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n.恼怒( annoyance的名词复数 );烦恼;打扰;使人烦恼的事 | |
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dilemmas
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n.左右为难( dilemma的名词复数 );窘境,困境 | |
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11
orphan
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n.孤儿;adj.无父母的 | |
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forgone
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v.没有也行,放弃( forgo的过去分词 ) | |
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machinery
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n.(总称)机械,机器;机构 | |
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foresight
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n.先见之明,深谋远虑 | |
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affected
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adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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huddled
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挤在一起(huddle的过去式与过去分词形式) | |
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sundered
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v.隔开,分开( sunder的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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spun
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v.纺,杜撰,急转身 | |
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heed
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v.注意,留意;n.注意,留心 | |
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nay
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adv.不;n.反对票,投反对票者 | |
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zoology
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n.动物学,生态 | |
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dice
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n.骰子;vt.把(食物)切成小方块,冒险 | |
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concealed
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a.隐藏的,隐蔽的 | |
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genially
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adv.亲切地,和蔼地;快活地 | |
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apprehends
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逮捕,拘押( apprehend的第三人称单数 ); 理解 | |
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dilate
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vt.使膨胀,使扩大 | |
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daunted
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使(某人)气馁,威吓( daunt的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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magnetism
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n.磁性,吸引力,磁学 | |
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physiology
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n.生理学,生理机能 | |
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exhausted
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adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的 | |
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ass
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n.驴;傻瓜,蠢笨的人 | |
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specify
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vt.指定,详细说明 | |
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thoroughly
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adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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mediate
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vi.调解,斡旋;vt.经调解解决;经斡旋促成 | |
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dominion
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n.统治,管辖,支配权;领土,版图 | |
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meekly
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adv.温顺地,逆来顺受地 | |
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saviour
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n.拯救者,救星 | |
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melodious
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adj.旋律美妙的,调子优美的,音乐性的 | |
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persuasion
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n.劝说;说服;持有某种信仰的宗派 | |
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victorious
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adj.胜利的,得胜的 | |
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boundless
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adj.无限的;无边无际的;巨大的 | |
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antediluvian
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adj.史前的,陈旧的 | |
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drawn
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v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的 | |
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ethical
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adj.伦理的,道德的,合乎道德的 | |
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penetrates
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v.穿过( penetrate的第三人称单数 );刺入;了解;渗透 | |
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marrow
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n.骨髓;精华;活力 | |
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doctrine
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n.教义;主义;学说 | |
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conspiring
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密谋( conspire的现在分词 ); 搞阴谋; (事件等)巧合; 共同导致 | |
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manifestation
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n.表现形式;表明;现象 | |
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inevitable
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adj.不可避免的,必然发生的 | |
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illustrated
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adj. 有插图的,列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词 | |
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circumference
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n.圆周,周长,圆周线 | |
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chaff
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v.取笑,嘲笑;n.谷壳 | |
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blight
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n.枯萎病;造成破坏的因素;vt.破坏,摧残 | |
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emblem
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n.象征,标志;徽章 | |
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furrow
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n.沟;垄沟;轨迹;车辙;皱纹 | |
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precisely
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adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地 | |
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radical
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n.激进份子,原子团,根号;adj.根本的,激进的,彻底的 | |
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radically
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ad.根本地,本质地 | |
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scents
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n.香水( scent的名词复数 );气味;(动物的)臭迹;(尤指狗的)嗅觉 | |
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illustrates
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给…加插图( illustrate的第三人称单数 ); 说明; 表明; (用示例、图画等)说明 | |
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tranquillity
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n. 平静, 安静 | |
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azure
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adj.天蓝色的,蔚蓝色的 | |
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providence
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n.深谋远虑,天道,天意;远见;节约;上帝 | |
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brutes
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兽( brute的名词复数 ); 畜生; 残酷无情的人; 兽性 | |
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brute
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n.野兽,兽性 | |
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apprehended
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逮捕,拘押( apprehend的过去式和过去分词 ); 理解 | |
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unity
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n.团结,联合,统一;和睦,协调 | |
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entity
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n.实体,独立存在体,实际存在物 | |
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fable
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n.寓言;童话;神话 | |
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flipper
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n. 鳍状肢,潜水用橡皮制鳍状肢 | |
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petrified
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adj.惊呆的;目瞪口呆的v.使吓呆,使惊呆;变僵硬;使石化(petrify的过去式和过去分词) | |
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anatomy
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n.解剖学,解剖;功能,结构,组织 | |
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oratorios
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n.(以宗教为主题的)清唱剧,神剧( oratorio的名词复数 ) | |
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granite
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adj.花岗岩,花岗石 | |
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modification
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n.修改,改进,缓和,减轻 | |
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pervades
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v.遍及,弥漫( pervade的第三人称单数 ) | |
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conspicuous
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adj.明眼的,惹人注目的;炫耀的,摆阔气的 | |
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impoverish
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vt.使穷困,使贫困 | |
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degradations
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堕落( degradation的名词复数 ); 下降; 陵削; 毁坏 | |
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beheld
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v.看,注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 );瞧;看呀;(叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现)哎哟 | |
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marred
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adj. 被损毁, 污损的 | |
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defective
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adj.有毛病的,有问题的,有瑕疵的 | |
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virtue
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n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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inquiry
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n.打听,询问,调查,查问 | |
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ministry
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n.(政府的)部;牧师 | |
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analyze
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vt.分析,解析 (=analyse) | |
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intercourse
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n.性交;交流,交往,交际 | |
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excellence
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n.优秀,杰出,(pl.)优点,美德 | |
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withdrawn
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vt.收回;使退出;vi.撤退,退出 | |
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Chapter IV Language
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Chapter VI Idealism
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