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We stopped at the Julien House, Dubuque. Dubuque is a city in Iowa, on the western shore of the Mississippi, and as the names both of the town and of the hotel sounded French in my ears, I asked for an explanation. I was then told that Julien Dubuque, a Canadian Frenchman, had been buried on one of the bluffs1 of the river within the precincts of the present town; that he had been the first white settler in Iowa, and had been the only man who had ever prevailed upon the Indians to work. Among them he had become a great “Medicine,” and seems for awhile to have had absolute power over them. He died, I think, in 1800, and was buried on one of the hills over the river. “He was a bold, bad man,” my informant told me, “and committed every sin under heaven. But he made the Indians work.”
Lead mines are the glory of Dubuque, and very large sums of money have been made from them. I was taken out to see one of them, and to go down it; but we found, not altogether to my sorrow, that the works had been stopped on account of the water. No effort has been made in any of these mines to subdue2 the water, nor has steam been applied3 to the working of them. The lodes have been so rich with lead that the speculators have been content to take out the metal that was easily reached, and to go off in search of fresh ground when disturbed by water. “And are wages here paid pretty punctually?” I asked. “Well, a man has to be smart, you know.” And then my friend went on to acknowledge that it would be better for the country if smartness were not so essential.
Iowa has a population of 674,000 souls, and in October, 1861, had already mustered4 eighteen regiments6 of one thousand men each. Such a population would give probably 170,000 men capable of bearing arms, and therefore the number of soldiers sent had already amounted to more than a decimation of the available strength of the State. When we were at Dubuque, nothing was talked of but the army. It seemed that mines, coal-pits, and corn-fields were all of no account in comparison with the war. How many regiments could be squeezed out of the State, was the one question which filled all minds; and the general desire was that such regiments should be sent to the Western army, to
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收听单词发音

1
bluffs
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恐吓( bluff的名词复数 ); 悬崖; 峭壁 | |
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2
subdue
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vt.制服,使顺从,征服;抑制,克制 | |
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3
applied
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adj.应用的;v.应用,适用 | |
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4
mustered
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v.集合,召集,集结(尤指部队)( muster的过去式和过去分词 );(自他人处)搜集某事物;聚集;激发 | |
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5
regiment
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n.团,多数,管理;v.组织,编成团,统制 | |
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regiments
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(军队的)团( regiment的名词复数 ); 大量的人或物 | |
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swell
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vi.膨胀,肿胀;增长,增强 | |
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sweeping
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adj.范围广大的,一扫无遗的 | |
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gulf
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n.海湾;深渊,鸿沟;分歧,隔阂 | |
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10
patriotism
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n.爱国精神,爱国心,爱国主义 | |
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memorable
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adj.值得回忆的,难忘的,特别的,显著的 | |
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animated
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adj.生气勃勃的,活跃的,愉快的 | |
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abolition
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n.废除,取消 | |
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assent
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v.批准,认可;n.批准,认可 | |
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jealousy
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n.妒忌,嫉妒,猜忌 | |
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insular
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adj.岛屿的,心胸狭窄的 | |
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turnip
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n.萝卜,芜菁 | |
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confession
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n.自白,供认,承认 | |
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pulp
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n.果肉,纸浆;v.化成纸浆,除去...果肉,制成纸浆 | |
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pumpkin
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n.南瓜 | |
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21
labor
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n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦 | |
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laboring
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n.劳动,操劳v.努力争取(for)( labor的现在分词 );苦干;详细分析;(指引擎)缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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delusion
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n.谬见,欺骗,幻觉,迷惑 | |
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broccoli
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n.绿菜花,花椰菜 | |
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turnips
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芜青( turnip的名词复数 ); 芜菁块根; 芜菁甘蓝块根; 怀表 | |
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marrow
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n.骨髓;精华;活力 | |
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lettuce
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n.莴苣;生菜 | |
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maize
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n.玉米 | |
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profusion
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n.挥霍;丰富 | |
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banishing
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v.放逐,驱逐( banish的现在分词 ) | |
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31
plow
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n.犁,耕地,犁过的地;v.犁,费力地前进[英]plough | |
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wasteful
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adj.(造成)浪费的,挥霍的 | |
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gathering
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n.集会,聚会,聚集 | |
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cultivation
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n.耕作,培养,栽培(法),养成 | |
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infinity
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n.无限,无穷,大量 | |
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buffalo
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n.(北美)野牛;(亚洲)水牛 | |
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transit
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n.经过,运输;vt.穿越,旋转;vi.越过 | |
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considerably
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adv.极大地;相当大地;在很大程度上 | |
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tributaries
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n. 支流 | |
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westward
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n.西方,西部;adj.西方的,向西的;adv.向西 | |
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immigrated
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v.移入( immigrate的过去式和过去分词 );移民 | |
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gateway
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n.大门口,出入口,途径,方法 | |
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consecutive
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adj.连续的,联贯的,始终一贯的 | |
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statistical
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adj.统计的,统计学的 | |
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45
vessel
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n.船舶;容器,器皿;管,导管,血管 | |
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bins
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n.大储藏箱( bin的名词复数 );宽口箱(如面包箱,垃圾箱等)v.扔掉,丢弃( bin的第三人称单数 ) | |
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warehouses
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仓库,货栈( warehouse的名词复数 ) | |
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ascertain
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vt.发现,确定,查明,弄清 | |
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ascertained
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v.弄清,确定,查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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incessantly
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ad.不停地 | |
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51
laden
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adj.装满了的;充满了的;负了重担的;苦恼的 | |
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enveloped
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v.包围,笼罩,包住( envelop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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53
fabulous
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adj.极好的;极为巨大的;寓言中的,传说中的 | |
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overflow
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v.(使)外溢,(使)溢出;溢出,流出,漫出 | |
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55
smothered
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(使)窒息, (使)透不过气( smother的过去式和过去分词 ); 覆盖; 忍住; 抑制 | |
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eastward
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adv.向东;adj.向东的;n.东方,东部 | |
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susceptible
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adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的 | |
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58
chancellor
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n.(英)大臣;法官;(德、奥)总理;大学校长 | |
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exchequer
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n.财政部;国库 | |
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stoutly
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adv.牢固地,粗壮的 | |
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61
repeal
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n.废止,撤消;v.废止,撤消 | |
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62
sleek
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adj.光滑的,井然有序的;v.使光滑,梳拢 | |
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furrows
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n.犁沟( furrow的名词复数 );(脸上的)皱纹v.犁田,开沟( furrow的第三人称单数 ) | |
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mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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outlet
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n.出口/路;销路;批发商店;通风口;发泄 | |
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vessels
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n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人 | |
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specially
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adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
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alluded
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提及,暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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peculiar
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adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
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converge
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vi.会合;聚集,集中;(思想、观点等)趋近 | |
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conveyance
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n.(不动产等的)转让,让与;转让证书;传送;运送;表达;(正)运输工具 | |
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cargo
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n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物 | |
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hulls
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船体( hull的名词复数 ); 船身; 外壳; 豆荚 | |
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glut
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n.存货过多,供过于求;v.狼吞虎咽 | |
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ingenuity
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n.别出心裁;善于发明创造 | |
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forth
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adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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deities
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n.神,女神( deity的名词复数 );神祗;神灵;神明 | |
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propitious
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adj.吉利的;顺利的 | |
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tributary
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n.支流;纳贡国;adj.附庸的;辅助的;支流的 | |
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inmate
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n.被收容者;(房屋等的)居住人;住院人 | |
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sitting-room
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n.(BrE)客厅,起居室 | |
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82
promiscuous
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adj.杂乱的,随便的 | |
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83
digestion
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n.消化,吸收 | |
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attainable
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a.可达到的,可获得的 | |
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thoroughly
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adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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specimens
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n.样品( specimen的名词复数 );范例;(化验的)抽样;某种类型的人 | |
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impede
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v.妨碍,阻碍,阻止 | |
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apparently
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adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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89
holders
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支持物( holder的名词复数 ); 持有者; (支票等)持有人; 支托(或握持)…之物 | |
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purely
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adv.纯粹地,完全地 | |
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91
mustering
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v.集合,召集,集结(尤指部队)( muster的现在分词 );(自他人处)搜集某事物;聚集;激发 | |
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92
coercion
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n.强制,高压统治 | |
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enlistment
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n.应征入伍,获得,取得 | |
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labors
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v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 );苦干;详细分析;(指引擎)缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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graceful
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adj.优美的,优雅的;得体的 | |
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adverse
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adj.不利的;有害的;敌对的,不友好的 | |
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tranquil
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adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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shudders
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n.颤动,打颤,战栗( shudder的名词复数 )v.战栗( shudder的第三人称单数 );发抖;(机器、车辆等)突然震动;颤动 | |
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engender
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v.产生,引起 | |
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100
rivalry
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n.竞争,竞赛,对抗 | |
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afterward
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adv.后来;以后 | |
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deficient
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adj.不足的,不充份的,有缺陷的 | |
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remarkable
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adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的 | |
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junction
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n.连接,接合;交叉点,接合处,枢纽站 | |
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metropolis
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n.首府;大城市 | |
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philosophical
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adj.哲学家的,哲学上的,达观的 | |
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bosom
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n.胸,胸部;胸怀;内心;adj.亲密的 | |
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possessed
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adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的 | |
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speculation
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n.思索,沉思;猜测;投机 | |
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heartily
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adv.衷心地,诚恳地,十分,很 | |
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alteration
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n.变更,改变;蚀变 | |
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radical
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n.激进份子,原子团,根号;adj.根本的,激进的,彻底的 | |
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tumult
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n.喧哗;激动,混乱;吵闹 | |
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prospers
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v.成功,兴旺( prosper的第三人称单数 ) | |
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annoyance
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n.恼怒,生气,烦恼 | |
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antidotes
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解药( antidote的名词复数 ); 解毒剂; 对抗手段; 除害物 | |
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paltry
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adj.无价值的,微不足道的 | |
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droops
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弯曲或下垂,发蔫( droop的名词复数 ) | |
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foliage
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n.叶子,树叶,簇叶 | |
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grassy
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adj.盖满草的;长满草的 | |
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banished
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v.放逐,驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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somber
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adj.昏暗的,阴天的,阴森的,忧郁的 | |
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expend
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vt.花费,消费,消耗 | |
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apportion
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vt.(按比例或计划)分配 | |
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expends
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v.花费( expend的第三人称单数 );使用(钱等)做某事;用光;耗尽 | |
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outskirts
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n.郊外,郊区 | |
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ERECTED
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adj. 直立的,竖立的,笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立,建立 | |
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uncommon
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adj.罕见的,非凡的,不平常的 | |
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portico
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n.柱廊,门廊 | |
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doorway
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n.门口,(喻)入门;门路,途径 | |
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doorways
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n.门口,门道( doorway的名词复数 ) | |
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fixed
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adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的 | |
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promiscuously
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adv.杂乱地,混杂地 | |
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134
vilest
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adj.卑鄙的( vile的最高级 );可耻的;极坏的;非常讨厌的 | |
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135
pretenses
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n.借口(pretense的复数形式) | |
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136
turrets
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(六角)转台( turret的名词复数 ); (战舰和坦克等上的)转动炮塔; (摄影机等上的)镜头转台; (旧时攻城用的)塔车 | |
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137
mortar
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n.灰浆,灰泥;迫击炮;v.把…用灰浆涂接合 | |
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138
converse
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vi.谈话,谈天,闲聊;adv.相反的,相反 | |
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139
haven
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n.安全的地方,避难所,庇护所 | |
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140
ripening
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v.成熟,使熟( ripen的现在分词 );熟化;熟成 | |
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141
uncouthness
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142
obsolete
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adj.已废弃的,过时的 | |
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143
brutes
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兽( brute的名词复数 ); 畜生; 残酷无情的人; 兽性 | |
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144
pliable
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adj.易受影响的;易弯的;柔顺的,易驾驭的 | |
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145
gracefully
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ad.大大方方地;优美地 | |
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146
slant
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v.倾斜,倾向性地编写或报道;n.斜面,倾向 | |
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147
oblique
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adj.斜的,倾斜的,无诚意的,不坦率的 | |
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148
prey
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n.被掠食者,牺牲者,掠食;v.捕食,掠夺,折磨 | |
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149
proboscis
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n.(象的)长鼻 | |
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150
aperture
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n.孔,隙,窄的缺口 | |
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151
bowels
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n.肠,内脏,内部;肠( bowel的名词复数 );内部,最深处 | |
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152
beholder
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n.观看者,旁观者 | |
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153
devours
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吞没( devour的第三人称单数 ); 耗尽; 津津有味地看; 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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154
devour
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v.吞没;贪婪地注视或谛听,贪读;使着迷 | |
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155
masticated
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v.咀嚼( masticate的过去式和过去分词 );粉碎,磨烂 | |
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156
slanting
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倾斜的,歪斜的 | |
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157
wharf
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n.码头,停泊处 | |
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158
laborers
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n.体力劳动者,工人( laborer的名词复数 );(熟练工人的)辅助工 | |
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159
helping
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n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的 | |
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160
shovel
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n.铁锨,铲子,一铲之量;v.铲,铲出 | |
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161
ascend
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vi.渐渐上升,升高;vt.攀登,登上 | |
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162
apparatus
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n.装置,器械;器具,设备 | |
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163
teller
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n.银行出纳员;(选举)计票员 | |
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164
standing
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n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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165
gutters
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(路边)排水沟( gutter的名词复数 ); 阴沟; (屋顶的)天沟; 贫贱的境地 | |
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166
elevation
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n.高度;海拔;高地;上升;提高 | |
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167
plebeian
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adj.粗俗的;平民的;n.平民;庶民 | |
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168
worthy
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adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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Buffalo to New York
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