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Royal Feasts and Savage Pomp.
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In Rose’s “School of Instructions for the Officers of the Mouth,” 1682, the staff of a great French establishment is described as a Master of the Household, a Master Carver, a Master Butler, a Master Confectioner, a Master Cook, and a Master Pastryman. The author, who was himself one of the cooks in our royal kitchen, tells Sir Stephen Fox, to whom he dedicates his book, that he had entered on it after he had completed one of a very different nature: “The Theatre of the World, or a Prospect2 of Human Misery3.”
At the time that the “School of Instructions” was written, the French and ourselves had both progressed very greatly in the Art of Cookery and in the development of the menu. DelaHay Street, Westminster, near Bird-Cage Walk, suggests a time when a hedge ran along the western side of it towards the Park, in lieu of brick or stone walls; but the fact is that we have here a curious association with the office, just quoted from Rose, of Master Confectioner. For of the plot of ground on which the street, or at any rate a portion of it stands, the old proprieter was Peter DelaHaye, master confectioner of Charles II. at the very period of the publication of Rose’s book. His name occurs in the title-deeds of one of the houses on the Park side, which since his day has had only five owners, and has been, since 1840, the freehold of an old and valued friend of the present writer.
It may be worth pointing out, that the Confectionery and Pastry1 were two distinct departments, each with its superintendent4 and staff. The fondness for confections had spread from Italy — which itself in turn borrowed the taste from the East — to France and England; and, as we perceive from the descriptions furnished in books, these were often of a very elaborate and costly5 character.
The volume is of the less interest for us, as it is a translation from the French, and consequently does not throw a direct light on our own kitchens at this period. But of course collaterally6 it presents many features of
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1
pastry
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n.油酥面团,酥皮糕点 | |
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2
prospect
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n.前景,前途;景色,视野 | |
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3
misery
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n.痛苦,苦恼,苦难;悲惨的境遇,贫苦 | |
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4
superintendent
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n.监督人,主管,总监;(英国)警务长 | |
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costly
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adj.昂贵的,价值高的,豪华的 | |
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collaterally
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担保物; 旁系亲属 | |
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likeness
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n.相像,相似(之处) | |
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advert
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vi.注意,留意,言及;n.广告 | |
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anecdote
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n.轶事,趣闻,短故事 | |
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broth
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n.原(汁)汤(鱼汤、肉汤、菜汤等) | |
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veal
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n.小牛肉 | |
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12
requisite
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adj.需要的,必不可少的;n.必需品 | |
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glean
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v.收集(消息、资料、情报等) | |
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specifies
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v.指定( specify的第三人称单数 );详述;提出…的条件;使具有特性 | |
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groom
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vt.给(马、狗等)梳毛,照料,使...整洁 | |
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purveyor
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n.承办商,伙食承办商 | |
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larder
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n.食物贮藏室,食品橱 | |
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marketing
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n.行销,在市场的买卖,买东西 | |
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vigilant
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adj.警觉的,警戒的,警惕的 | |
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supervision
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n.监督,管理 | |
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21
transcribe
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v.抄写,誉写;改编(乐曲);复制,转录 | |
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drawn
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v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的 | |
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contented
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adj.满意的,安心的,知足的 | |
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garnished
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v.给(上餐桌的食物)加装饰( garnish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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divers
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adj.不同的;种种的 | |
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conserved
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v.保护,保藏,保存( conserve的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ridicule
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v.讥讽,挖苦;n.嘲弄 | |
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crests
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v.到达山顶(或浪峰)( crest的第三人称单数 );到达洪峰,达到顶点 | |
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perquisite
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n.固定津贴,福利 | |
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recital
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n.朗诵,独奏会,独唱会 | |
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precepts
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n.规诫,戒律,箴言( precept的名词复数 ) | |
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perilous
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adj.危险的,冒险的 | |
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quotation
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n.引文,引语,语录;报价,牌价,行情 | |
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palatable
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adj.可口的,美味的;惬意的 | |
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enjoyments
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愉快( enjoyment的名词复数 ); 令人愉快的事物; 享有; 享受 | |
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treatise
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n.专著;(专题)论文 | |
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edifying
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adj.有教训意味的,教训性的,有益的v.开导,启发( edify的现在分词 ) | |
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plovers
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n.珩,珩科鸟(如凤头麦鸡)( plover的名词复数 ) | |
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larks
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n.百灵科鸟(尤指云雀)( lark的名词复数 );一大早就起床;鸡鸣即起;(因太费力而不想干时说)算了v.百灵科鸟(尤指云雀)( lark的第三人称单数 );一大早就起床;鸡鸣即起;(因太费力而不想干时说)算了 | |
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quail
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n.鹌鹑;vi.畏惧,颤抖 | |
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plentiful
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adj.富裕的,丰富的 | |
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ointment
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n.药膏,油膏,软膏 | |
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celebrated
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adj.有名的,声誉卓著的 | |
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bishop
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n.主教,(国际象棋)象 | |
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inordinate
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adj.无节制的;过度的 | |
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dispensed
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v.分配( dispense的过去式和过去分词 );施与;配(药) | |
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guardians
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监护人( guardian的名词复数 ); 保护者,维护者 | |
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vices
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缺陷( vice的名词复数 ); 恶习; 不道德行为; 台钳 | |
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grandeur
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n.伟大,崇高,宏伟,庄严,豪华 | |
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outstripped
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v.做得比…更好,(在赛跑等中)超过( outstrip的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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precursors
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n.先驱( precursor的名词复数 );先行者;先兆;初期形式 | |
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accomplished
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adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的 | |
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piecemeal
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adj.零碎的;n.片,块;adv.逐渐地;v.弄成碎块 | |
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invaders
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入侵者,侵略者,侵入物( invader的名词复数 ) | |
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benefactors
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n.捐助者,施主( benefactor的名词复数 );恩人 | |
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royalty
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n.皇家,皇族 | |
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insignificance
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n.不重要;无价值;无意义 | |
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extravagant
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adj.奢侈的;过分的;(言行等)放肆的 | |
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germane
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adj.关系密切的,恰当的 | |
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component
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n.组成部分,成分,元件;adj.组成的,合成的 | |
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disastrous
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adj.灾难性的,造成灾害的;极坏的,很糟的 | |
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gastronomy
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n.美食法;美食学 | |
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lavish
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adj.无节制的;浪费的;vt.慷慨地给予,挥霍 | |
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expenditure
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n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出;使用,消耗 | |
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sumptuous
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adj.豪华的,奢侈的,华丽的 | |
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climax
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n.顶点;高潮;v.(使)达到顶点 | |
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faculty
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n.才能;学院,系;(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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constituents
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n.选民( constituent的名词复数 );成分;构成部分;要素 | |
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demonstrations
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证明( demonstration的名词复数 ); 表明; 表达; 游行示威 | |
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irrational
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adj.无理性的,失去理性的 | |
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pelican
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n.鹈鹕,伽蓝鸟 | |
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vagaries
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n.奇想( vagary的名词复数 );异想天开;异常行为;难以预测的情况 | |
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minor
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adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修 | |
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panoply
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n.全副甲胄,礼服 | |
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glazed
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adj.光滑的,像玻璃的;上过釉的;呆滞无神的v.装玻璃( glaze的过去式);上釉于,上光;(目光)变得呆滞无神 | |
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poultry
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n.家禽,禽肉 | |
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assortment
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n.分类,各色俱备之物,聚集 | |
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upwards
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adv.向上,在更高处...以上 | |
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narratives
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记叙文( narrative的名词复数 ); 故事; 叙述; 叙述部分 | |
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descended
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a.为...后裔的,出身于...的 | |
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prodigious
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adj.惊人的,奇妙的;异常的;巨大的;庞大的 | |
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admiration
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n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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intervals
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n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 | |
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riotous
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adj.骚乱的;狂欢的 | |
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prodigality
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n.浪费,挥霍 | |
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generosity
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n.大度,慷慨,慷慨的行为 | |
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monarch
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n.帝王,君主,最高统治者 | |
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primate
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n.灵长类(目)动物,首席主教;adj.首要的 | |
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formerly
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adv.从前,以前 | |
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beacon
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n.烽火,(警告用的)闪火灯,灯塔 | |
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91
baron
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n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王 | |
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monotonous
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adj.单调的,一成不变的,使人厌倦的 | |
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tenor
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n.男高音(歌手),次中音(乐器),要旨,大意 | |
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effacement
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n.抹消,抹杀 | |
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gathering
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n.集会,聚会,聚集 | |
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