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Cookery Books. Part III.
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In 1747 appeared a thin folio volume, of which I will transcribe1 the title: “The Art of Cookery, Made Plain and Easy, which far Exceeds Every Thing of the Kind Ever yet Published . . . By a Lady. London: Printed for the Author; and sold at Mrs. Ashburn’s, a China Shop, the Corner of Fleet Ditch. MDCCXLVII.” The lady was no other than Mrs. Glasse, wife of an attorney residing in Carey Street; and a very sensible lady she was, and a very sensible and interesting book hers is, with a preface showing that her aim was to put matters as plainly as she could, her intention being to instruct the lower sort. “For example,” says she, “when I bid them lard a fowl2, if I should bid them lard with large lardoons they would not know what I meant; but when I say they must lard with little pieces of Bacon, they know what I mean.” I have been greatly charmed with Hannah Glasse’s “Art of Cookery,” 1747, and with her “Complete Confectioner” likewise in a modified degree. The latter was partly derived3, she tells you, from the manuscript of “a very old experienced housekeeper4 to a family of the first distinction.” But, nevertheless, both are very admirable performances; and yet the compiler survives scarcely more than in an anecdote5 for which I can see no authority. For she does not say, “First catch your hare” [Footnote: Mrs. Glasse’s cookery book was reprinted at least as late as 1824].
Mrs. Glasse represents that, before she undertook the preparation of the volume on confectionery, there was nothing of the kind for reference and consultation6. But we had already a curious work by E. Kidder, who was, according to his title-page, a teacher of the art which he expounded7 eventually in print. The title is sufficiently8 descriptive: “E. Kidder’s Receipts of
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1
transcribe
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v.抄写,誉写;改编(乐曲);复制,转录 | |
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2
fowl
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n.家禽,鸡,禽肉 | |
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derived
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vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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housekeeper
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n.管理家务的主妇,女管家 | |
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anecdote
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n.轶事,趣闻,短故事 | |
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consultation
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n.咨询;商量;商议;会议 | |
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expounded
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论述,详细讲解( expound的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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sufficiently
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adv.足够地,充分地 | |
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pastry
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n.油酥面团,酥皮糕点 | |
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engraved
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v.在(硬物)上雕刻(字,画等)( engrave的过去式和过去分词 );将某事物深深印在(记忆或头脑中) | |
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embellished
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v.美化( embellish的过去式和过去分词 );装饰;修饰;润色 | |
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likeness
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n.相像,相似(之处) | |
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avowed
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adj.公开声明的,承认的v.公开声明,承认( avow的过去式和过去分词) | |
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philosophical
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adj.哲学家的,哲学上的,达观的 | |
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pharmacy
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n.药房,药剂学,制药业,配药业,一批备用药品 | |
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prescription
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n.处方,开药;指示,规定 | |
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formerly
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adv.从前,以前 | |
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fowls
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鸟( fowl的名词复数 ); 禽肉; 既不是这; 非驴非马 | |
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charcoal
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n.炭,木炭,生物炭 | |
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discourse
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n.论文,演说;谈话;话语;vi.讲述,著述 | |
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gastronomical
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adj.美食法的,美食学的 | |
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anonymous
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adj.无名的;匿名的;无特色的 | |
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procured
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v.(努力)取得, (设法)获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 );拉皮条 | |
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treatise
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n.专著;(专题)论文 | |
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persuasion
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n.劝说;说服;持有某种信仰的宗派 | |
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specifies
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v.指定( specify的第三人称单数 );详述;提出…的条件;使具有特性 | |
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cuisine
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n.烹调,烹饪法 | |
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peculiar
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adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
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retard
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n.阻止,延迟;vt.妨碍,延迟,使减速 | |
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applied
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adj.应用的;v.应用,适用 | |
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eminent
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adj.显赫的,杰出的,有名的,优良的 | |
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poultry
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n.家禽,禽肉 | |
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firmament
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n.苍穹;最高层 | |
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specially
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adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
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housekeepers
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n.(女)管家( housekeeper的名词复数 ) | |
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professed
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公开声称的,伪称的,已立誓信教的 | |
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emolument
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n.报酬,薪水 | |
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complexion
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n.肤色;情况,局面;气质,性格 | |
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elegance
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n.优雅;优美,雅致;精致,巧妙 | |
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copious
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adj.丰富的,大量的 | |
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adage
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n.格言,古训 | |
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influx
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n.流入,注入 | |
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attained
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(通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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expend
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vt.花费,消费,消耗 | |
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larder
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n.食物贮藏室,食品橱 | |
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humble
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adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;v.降低,贬低 | |
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Augmented
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adj.增音的 动词augment的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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excellence
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n.优秀,杰出,(pl.)优点,美德 | |
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mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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heralded
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v.预示( herald的过去式和过去分词 );宣布(好或重要) | |
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marrowless
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adj.无髓的,无力的 | |
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shreds
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v.撕碎,切碎( shred的第三人称单数 );用撕毁机撕毁(文件) | |
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perseverance
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n.坚持不懈,不屈不挠 | |
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subdued
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adj. 屈服的,柔和的,减弱的 动词subdue的过去式和过去分词 | |
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defiance
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n.挑战,挑衅,蔑视,违抗 | |
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broiling
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adj.酷热的,炽热的,似烧的v.(用火)烤(焙、炙等)( broil的现在分词 );使卷入争吵;使混乱;被烤(或炙) | |
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exhausted
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adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的 | |
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previously
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adv.以前,先前(地) | |
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devoured
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吞没( devour的过去式和过去分词 ); 耗尽; 津津有味地看; 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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undertaking
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n.保证,许诺,事业 | |
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Christian
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adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
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honourable
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adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的 | |
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steward
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n.乘务员,服务员;看管人;膳食管理员 | |
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Founder
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n.创始者,缔造者 | |
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pseudonym
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n.假名,笔名 | |
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landlady
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n.女房东,女地主 | |
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fictitious
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adj.虚构的,假设的;空头的 | |
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narrates
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v.故事( narrate的第三人称单数 ) | |
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ennui
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n.怠倦,无聊 | |
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syllabus
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n.教学大纲,课程大纲 | |
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distinguished
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adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的 | |
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benevolently
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adv.仁慈地,行善地 | |
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dedicated
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adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的 | |
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influential
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adj.有影响的,有权势的 | |
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patronage
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n.赞助,支援,援助;光顾,捧场 | |
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scruples
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n.良心上的不安( scruple的名词复数 );顾虑,顾忌v.感到于心不安,有顾忌( scruple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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incongruity
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n.不协调,不一致 | |
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muses
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v.沉思,冥想( muse的第三人称单数 );沉思自语说(某事) | |
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frailty
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n.脆弱;意志薄弱 | |
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regaining
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复得( regain的现在分词 ); 赢回; 重回; 复至某地 | |
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intervals
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n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 | |
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eschewed
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v.(尤指为道德或实际理由而)习惯性避开,回避( eschew的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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superfluous
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adj.过多的,过剩的,多余的 | |
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ornaments
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n.装饰( ornament的名词复数 );点缀;装饰品;首饰v.装饰,点缀,美化( ornament的第三人称单数 ) | |
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simplicity
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n.简单,简易;朴素;直率,单纯 | |
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germane
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adj.关系密切的,恰当的 | |
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arduous
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adj.艰苦的,费力的,陡峭的 | |
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entirely
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ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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adjuration
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n.祈求,命令 | |
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misgivings
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n.疑虑,担忧,害怕;疑虑,担心,恐惧( misgiving的名词复数 );疑惧 | |
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touching
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adj.动人的,使人感伤的 | |
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discomfort
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n.不舒服,不安,难过,困难,不方便 | |
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heterogeneous
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adj.庞杂的;异类的 | |
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gore
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n.凝血,血污;v.(动物)用角撞伤,用牙刺破;缝以补裆;顶 | |
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lodge
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v.临时住宿,寄宿,寄存,容纳;n.传达室,小旅馆 | |
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concurrent
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adj.同时发生的,一致的 | |
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pretensions
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自称( pretension的名词复数 ); 自命不凡; 要求; 权力 | |
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remarkable
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adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的 | |
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lucidity
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n.明朗,清晰,透明 | |
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professes
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声称( profess的第三人称单数 ); 宣称; 公开表明; 信奉 | |
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favourable
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adj.赞成的,称赞的,有利的,良好的,顺利的 | |
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102
remains
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n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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103
vexed
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adj.争论不休的;(指问题等)棘手的;争论不休的问题;烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 );使苦恼;使生气;详细讨论 | |
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undoubtedly
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adv.确实地,无疑地 | |
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