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Appendix VI
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On Scotch1 Gentility-Nonsense — Charlie O’er the Waterism
Of the literature just alluded2 to Scott was the inventor. It is founded on the fortunes and misfortunes of the Stuart family, of which Scott was the zealous4 defender5 and apologist, doing all that in his power lay to represent the members of it as noble, chivalrous6, high-minded, unfortunate princes; though, perhaps, of all the royal families that ever existed upon earth, this family was the worst. It was unfortunate enough, it is true; but it owed its misfortunes entirely7 to its crimes, viciousness, bad faith, and cowardice8. Nothing will be said of it here until it made its appearance in England to occupy the English throne.
The first of the family which we have to do with, James, was a dirty, cowardly miscreant9, of whom the less said the better. His son, Charles I., was a tyrant10, exceedingly cruel and revengeful, but weak and dastardly; he caused a poor fellow to be hanged in London, who was not his subject, because he had heard that the unfortunate creature had once bit his own glove at Cadiz, in Spain, at the mention of his name; and he permitted his own bull-dog, Strafford, to be executed by his own enemies, though the only crime of Strafford was that he had barked furiously at those enemies, and had worried two or three of them when Charles shouted, ‘Fetch ’em!’ He was a bitter, but yet a despicable, enemy, and the coldest and most worthless of friends; for though he always hoped to be able some time or other to hang his enemies, he was always ready to curry
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scotch
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| n.伤口,刻痕;苏格兰威士忌酒;v.粉碎,消灭,阻止;adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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alluded
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| 提及,暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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tune
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| n.调子;和谐,协调;v.调音,调节,调整 | |
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zealous
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| adj.狂热的,热心的 | |
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defender
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| n.保卫者,拥护者,辩护人 | |
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chivalrous
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| adj.武士精神的;对女人彬彬有礼的 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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cowardice
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| n.胆小,怯懦 | |
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miscreant
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| n.恶棍 | |
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tyrant
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| n.暴君,专制的君主,残暴的人 | |
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curry
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| n.咖哩粉,咖哩饭菜;v.用咖哩粉调味,用马栉梳,制革 | |
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haughtiest
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| haughty(傲慢的,骄傲的)的最高级形式 | |
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caned
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| vt.用苔杖打(cane的过去式与过去分词形式) | |
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etiquette
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| n.礼仪,礼节;规矩 | |
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condescended
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| 屈尊,俯就( condescend的过去式和过去分词 ); 故意表示和蔼可亲 | |
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abhorrence
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| n.憎恶;可憎恶的事 | |
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maxim
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| n.格言,箴言 | |
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scoffed
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| 嘲笑,嘲弄( scoff的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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gasp
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| n.喘息,气喘;v.喘息;气吁吁他说 | |
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pensioner
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| n.领养老金的人 | |
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piety
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| n.虔诚,虔敬 | |
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dishonour
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| n./vt.拒付(支票、汇票、票据等);vt.凌辱,使丢脸;n.不名誉,耻辱,不光彩 | |
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corpses
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| n.死尸,尸体( corpse的名词复数 ) | |
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misery
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| n.痛苦,苦恼,苦难;悲惨的境遇,贫苦 | |
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loathsome
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| adj.讨厌的,令人厌恶的 | |
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buffoon
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| n.演出时的丑角 | |
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trumpery
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| n.无价值的杂物;adj.(物品)中看不中用的 | |
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orphan
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| n.孤儿;adj.无父母的 | |
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prey
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| n.被掠食者,牺牲者,掠食;v.捕食,掠夺,折磨 | |
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sufficiently
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| adv.足够地,充分地 | |
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forsook
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| forsake的过去式 | |
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gallant
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| adj.英勇的,豪侠的;(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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lamentable
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| adj.令人惋惜的,悔恨的 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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bowels
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| n.肠,内脏,内部;肠( bowel的名词复数 );内部,最深处 | |
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bequests
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| n.遗赠( bequest的名词复数 );遗产,遗赠物 | |
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bequest
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| n.遗赠;遗产,遗物 | |
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infancy
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| n.婴儿期;幼年期;初期 | |
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profligate
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| adj.行为不检的;n.放荡的人,浪子,肆意挥霍者 | |
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legitimacy
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| n.合法,正当 | |
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pusillanimous
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| adj.懦弱的,胆怯的 | |
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pusillanimity
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| n.无气力,胆怯 | |
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hoisted
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| 把…吊起,升起( hoist的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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mar
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| vt.破坏,毁坏,弄糟 | |
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illiterate
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| adj.文盲的;无知的;n.文盲 | |
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contemptible
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| adj.可鄙的,可轻视的,卑劣的 | |
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foe
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| n.敌人,仇敌 | |
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loathed
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| v.憎恨,厌恶( loathe的过去式和过去分词 );极不喜欢 | |
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vile
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| adj.卑鄙的,可耻的,邪恶的;坏透的 | |
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inviting
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| adj.诱人的,引人注目的 | |
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filthy
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| adj.卑劣的;恶劣的,肮脏的 | |
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grooms
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| n.新郎( groom的名词复数 );马夫v.照料或梳洗(马等)( groom的第三人称单数 );使做好准备;训练;(给动物)擦洗 | |
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adherent
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| n.信徒,追随者,拥护者 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的 | |
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foes
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| 敌人,仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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highland
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| n.(pl.)高地,山地 | |
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clan
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| n.氏族,部落,宗族,家族,宗派 | |
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clans
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| 宗族( clan的名词复数 ); 氏族; 庞大的家族; 宗派 | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的 | |
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levied
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| 征(兵)( levy的过去式和过去分词 ); 索取; 发动(战争); 征税 | |
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miserably
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| adv.痛苦地;悲惨地;糟糕地;极度地 | |
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destitute
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| adj.缺乏的;穷困的 | |
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penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的,鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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swollen
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| adj.肿大的,水涨的;v.使变大,肿胀 | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的,彼此的;共同的,共有的 | |
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canny
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| adj.谨慎的,节俭的 | |
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farce
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| n.闹剧,笑剧,滑稽戏;胡闹 | |
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cardinal
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| n.(天主教的)红衣主教;adj.首要的,基本的 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的,痛苦的;可怜的,糟糕的 | |
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resuscitated
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| v.使(某人或某物)恢复知觉,苏醒( resuscitate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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graceful
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| adj.优美的,优雅的;得体的 | |
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hideous
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| adj.丑陋的,可憎的,可怕的,恐怖的 | |
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paramount
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| a.最重要的,最高权力的 | |
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radical
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| n.激进份子,原子团,根号;adj.根本的,激进的,彻底的 | |
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radicals
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| n.激进分子( radical的名词复数 );根基;基本原理;[数学]根数 | |
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sarcastically
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| adv.挖苦地,讽刺地 | |
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climax
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| n.顶点;高潮;v.(使)达到顶点 | |
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derived
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| vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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Oxford
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| n.牛津(英国城市) | |
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pedants
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| n.卖弄学问的人,学究,书呆子( pedant的名词复数 ) | |
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entrusted
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| v.委托,托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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overflowed
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| 溢出的 | |
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corrupted
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| (使)败坏( corrupt的过去式和过去分词 ); (使)腐化; 引起(计算机文件等的)错误; 破坏 | |
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inoculated
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| v.给…做预防注射( inoculate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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laud
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| n.颂歌;v.赞美 | |
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consigned
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| v.把…置于(令人不快的境地)( consign的过去式和过去分词 );把…托付给;把…托人代售;丟弃 | |
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honourable
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| adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的 | |
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lauds
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| v.称赞,赞美( laud的第三人称单数 ) | |
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sneaking
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| a.秘密的,不公开的 | |
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bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物,奖金;慷慨,大方;施与 | |
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corrupting
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| (使)败坏( corrupt的现在分词 ); (使)腐化; 引起(计算机文件等的)错误; 破坏 | |
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manifestation
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| n.表现形式;表明;现象 | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地 | |
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pilfering
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| v.偷窃(小东西),小偷( pilfer的现在分词 );偷窃(一般指小偷小摸) | |
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stultify
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| v.愚弄;使呆滞 | |
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hurrah
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| int.好哇,万岁,乌拉 | |
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Appendix V
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Appendix VII
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