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VI. DRAPER ON SCIENCE AND RELIGION.*27
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*27 History of the Conflict between Religion and Science. by John William Draper, M. D., LL. D. Fourth edition. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1875. 12mo, pp. xxii., 373. (International Scientific Series, XII.)
Some twelve years ago, Dr. Draper published a bulky volume entitled “A History of the Intellectual Development of Europe,” in which his professed1 purpose was to show that nations or races pass through certain definable epochs of development, analogous3 to the periods of infancy4, childhood, youth, manhood, and old age in individuals. But while announced with due formality, the carrying out of the argument was left for the most part to the headings and running-titles of the several chapters, while in the text the author peacefully meandered5 along down the stream of time, giving us a succession of pleasant though somewhat threadbare anecdotes6, as well as a superabundance of detached and fragmentary opinions on divers7 historical events, having apparently8 quite forgotten that he had started with a thesis to prove. In the arrangement of his “running heads,” some points were sufficiently9 curious to require a word of explanation, as, for example, when the early ages of Christianity were at one time labelled as an epoch2 of progress and at another time as an epoch of decrepitude11. But the argument and the contents never got so far en rapport12
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professed
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公开声称的,伪称的,已立誓信教的 | |
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epoch
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n.(新)时代;历元 | |
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analogous
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adj.相似的;类似的 | |
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infancy
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n.婴儿期;幼年期;初期 | |
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meandered
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(指溪流、河流等)蜿蜒而流( meander的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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anecdotes
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n.掌故,趣闻,轶事( anecdote的名词复数 ) | |
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divers
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adj.不同的;种种的 | |
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apparently
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adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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sufficiently
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adv.足够地,充分地 | |
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Christian
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adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒 | |
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decrepitude
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n.衰老;破旧 | |
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rapport
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n.和睦,意见一致 | |
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expounded
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论述,详细讲解( expound的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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second-hand
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adj.用过的,旧的,二手的 | |
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illustrate
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v.举例说明,阐明;图解,加插图 | |
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noted
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adj.著名的,知名的 | |
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inadequate
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adj.(for,to)不充足的,不适当的 | |
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appreciation
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n.评价;欣赏;感谢;领会,理解;价格上涨 | |
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philosophic
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adj.哲学的,贤明的 | |
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philosophical
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adj.哲学家的,哲学上的,达观的 | |
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hostility
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n.敌对,敌意;抵制[pl.]交战,战争 | |
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disposition
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n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署 | |
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abortive
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adj.不成功的,发育不全的 | |
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admiration
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n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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garb
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n.服装,装束 | |
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sage
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n.圣人,哲人;adj.贤明的,明智的 | |
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briefly
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adv.简单地,简短地 | |
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inquiry
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n.打听,询问,调查,查问 | |
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speculations
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n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 );思考;投机活动;推断 | |
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logic
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n.逻辑(学);逻辑性 | |
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judicious
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adj.明智的,明断的,能作出明智决定的 | |
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errs
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犯错误,做错事( err的第三人称单数 ) | |
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ousting
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驱逐( oust的现在分词 ); 革职; 罢黜; 剥夺 | |
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moors
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v.停泊,系泊(船只)( moor的第三人称单数 ) | |
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dominion
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n.统治,管辖,支配权;领土,版图 | |
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obloquy
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n.斥责,大骂 | |
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tolerance
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n.宽容;容忍,忍受;耐药力;公差 | |
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heresy
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n.异端邪说;异教 | |
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Moslem
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n.回教徒,穆罕默德信徒;adj.回教徒的,回教的 | |
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severance
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n.离职金;切断 | |
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begetting
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v.为…之生父( beget的现在分词 );产生,引起 | |
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prodigious
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adj.惊人的,奇妙的;异常的;巨大的;庞大的 | |
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awakened
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v.(使)醒( awaken的过去式和过去分词 );(使)觉醒;弄醒;(使)意识到 | |
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peculiar
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adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
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unlimited
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adj.无限的,不受控制的,无条件的 | |
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rigid
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adj.严格的,死板的;刚硬的,僵硬的 | |
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inorganic
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adj.无生物的;无机的 | |
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scanty
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adj.缺乏的,仅有的,节省的,狭小的,不够的 | |
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flexibility
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n.柔韧性,弹性,(光的)折射性,灵活性 | |
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moorish
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adj.沼地的,荒野的,生[住]在沼地的 | |
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explicit
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adj.详述的,明确的;坦率的;显然的 | |
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allusion
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n.暗示,间接提示 | |
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sundry
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adj.各式各样的,种种的 | |
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opposition
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n.反对,敌对 | |
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perennial
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adj.终年的;长久的 | |
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strife
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n.争吵,冲突,倾轧,竞争 | |
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hydra
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n.水螅;难于根除的祸患 | |
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narrative
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n.叙述,故事;adj.叙事的,故事体的 | |
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valid
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adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的 | |
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trite
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adj.陈腐的 | |
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alludes
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提及,暗指( allude的第三人称单数 ) | |
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geologists
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地质学家,地质学者( geologist的名词复数 ) | |
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thereby
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adv.因此,从而 | |
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illustrating
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给…加插图( illustrate的现在分词 ); 说明; 表明; (用示例、图画等)说明 | |
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antagonism
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n.对抗,敌对,对立 | |
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bigotry
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n.偏见,偏执,持偏见的行为[态度]等 | |
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unwillingness
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n. 不愿意,不情愿 | |
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wrought
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v.引起;以…原料制作;运转;adj.制造的 | |
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incapable
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adj.无能力的,不能做某事的 | |
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impaired
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adj.受损的;出毛病的;有(身体或智力)缺陷的v.损害,削弱( impair的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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foul
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adj.污秽的;邪恶的;v.弄脏;妨害;犯规;n.犯规 | |
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phenomena
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n.现象 | |
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perennially
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adv.经常出现地;长期地;持久地;永久地 | |
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civilized
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a.有教养的,文雅的 | |
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craving
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n.渴望,热望 | |
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aspiration
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n.志向,志趣抱负;渴望;(语)送气音;吸出 | |
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enlisted
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adj.应募入伍的v.(使)入伍, (使)参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 );获得(帮助或支持) | |
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justification
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n.正当的理由;辩解的理由 | |
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supplant
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vt.排挤;取代 | |
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doctrine
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n.教义;主义;学说 | |
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rigidity
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adj.钢性,坚硬 | |
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innovator
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n.改革者;创新者 | |
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impugns
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v.非难,指谪( impugn的第三人称单数 );对…有怀疑 | |
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yearning
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a.渴望的;向往的;怀念的 | |
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grotesque
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adj.怪诞的,丑陋的;n.怪诞的图案,怪人(物) | |
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speculative
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adj.思索性的,暝想性的,推理的 | |
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acquiesce
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vi.默许,顺从,同意 | |
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generalizations
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一般化( generalization的名词复数 ); 普通化; 归纳; 概论 | |
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actively
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adv.积极地,勤奋地 | |
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propensities
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n.倾向,习性( propensity的名词复数 ) | |
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brutes
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兽( brute的名词复数 ); 畜生; 残酷无情的人; 兽性 | |
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obstinate
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adj.顽固的,倔强的,不易屈服的,较难治愈的 | |
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adherence
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n.信奉,依附,坚持,固着 | |
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antiquity
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n.古老;高龄;古物,古迹 | |
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implicated
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adj.密切关联的;牵涉其中的 | |
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derive
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v.取得;导出;引申;来自;源自;出自 | |
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baneful
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adj.有害的 | |
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