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Appendix 3. — The Fall in America, 1937
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Published in Collier’s, January 28th, 1938
I SPENT October and November in America and saw Indian summer at its best, colours such as no other part of the world can boast, russet, glowing reds, keen bright yellows, soft green yellows, grey-blue, black-green, and skies of a serene1 magnificence. And the white American homes, grey-tiled, nestled brightly in that setting. In Philadelphia it rained, but it always rains in Philadelphia, and New York forgot itself for a day or so and blew and rained. Kansas City looked amazingly fine and handsome and I admired the parklands Henry Ford2 is laying out by Dearborn and the fine new pile of the Yale library, Gothic with a touch of skyscraper3, and 2. great success at that. From the humming plane that took me from Detroit to Boston I looked out and saw Niagara foaming4 in the sunshine. I spent an instructive day at Flushing while the piledrivers hammered down hundred-foot trees into the mud, like a carpet-layer hammering tacks5, preparing for the buildings that are to make New York’s World Fair of 1939 the most wonderful ever. Everywhere colour, warmth, movement, vitality-and people talking about the new depression and possible war.
The depression that has struck America this autumn has been the most surprising thing in the world. It has been like the unaccountable failure of an engine. The wheels that had been spinning so busily slowed down until now the spokes8 are visible, and nobody on earth seems to know when they will pick up again or even whether they will pick up again. I came over to America once in the season of hope and hardship when President Franklin Roosevelt was newly in the White House. I thought then that he and Stalin were the most eventful persons in the world. They are both in their successes, such as they are, and in their human shortcomings, cardinal9 men. The old private-property money system was showing signs of age and an
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serene
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adj. 安详的,宁静的,平静的 | |
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Ford
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n.浅滩,水浅可涉处;v.涉水,涉过 | |
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skyscraper
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n.摩天大楼 | |
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foaming
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adj.布满泡沫的;发泡 | |
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tacks
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大头钉( tack的名词复数 ); 平头钉; 航向; 方法 | |
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lure
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n.吸引人的东西,诱惑物;vt.引诱,吸引 | |
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spoke
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n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说 | |
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spokes
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n.(车轮的)辐条( spoke的名词复数 );轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 | |
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cardinal
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n.(天主教的)红衣主教;adj.首要的,基本的 | |
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imminent
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adj.即将发生的,临近的,逼近的 | |
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breakdown
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n.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌 | |
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reconstruction
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n.重建,再现,复原 | |
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improvised
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a.即席而作的,即兴的 | |
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constructive
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adj.建设的,建设性的 | |
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modernise
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vt.使现代化 | |
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evoked
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[医]诱发的 | |
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mighty
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adj.强有力的;巨大的 | |
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seamen
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n.海员 | |
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noted
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adj.著名的,知名的 | |
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ebbing
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(指潮水)退( ebb的现在分词 ); 落; 减少; 衰落 | |
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riddle
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n.谜,谜语,粗筛;vt.解谜,给…出谜,筛,检查,鉴定,非难,充满于;vi.出谜 | |
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contemplate
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vt.盘算,计议;周密考虑;注视,凝视 | |
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sleepless
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adj.不睡眠的,睡不著的,不休息的 | |
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anticipation
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n.预期,预料,期望 | |
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organisation
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n.组织,安排,团体,有机休 | |
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inadequate
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adj.(for,to)不充足的,不适当的 | |
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influential
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adj.有影响的,有权势的 | |
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profusion
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n.挥霍;丰富 | |
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fanaticism
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n.狂热,盲信 | |
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abounded
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v.大量存在,充满,富于( abound的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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disposition
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n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署 | |
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ambushed
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v.埋伏( ambush的过去式和过去分词 );埋伏着 | |
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gatherings
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聚集( gathering的名词复数 ); 收集; 采集; 搜集 | |
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varied
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adj.多样的,多变化的 | |
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cylindrical
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adj.圆筒形的 | |
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irrelevance
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n.无关紧要;不相关;不相关的事物 | |
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middle-aged
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adj.中年的 | |
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disapproved
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v.不赞成( disapprove的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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incapable
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adj.无能力的,不能做某事的 | |
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opposition
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n.反对,敌对 | |
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plausible
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adj.似真实的,似乎有理的,似乎可信的 | |
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dealing
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n.经商方法,待人态度 | |
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leisurely
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adj.悠闲的;从容的,慢慢的 | |
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dignified
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a.可敬的,高贵的 | |
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machinery
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n.(总称)机械,机器;机构 | |
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saviour
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n.拯救者,救星 | |
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obsession
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n.困扰,无法摆脱的思想(或情感) | |
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amiable
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adj.和蔼可亲的,友善的,亲切的 | |
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brass
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n.黄铜;黄铜器,铜管乐器 | |
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naval
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adj.海军的,军舰的,船的 | |
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oblivious
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adj.易忘的,遗忘的,忘却的,健忘的 | |
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indifference
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n.不感兴趣,不关心,冷淡,不在乎 | |
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administrators
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n.管理者( administrator的名词复数 );有管理(或行政)才能的人;(由遗嘱检验法庭指定的)遗产管理人;奉派暂管主教教区的牧师 | |
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warfare
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n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突 | |
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confirmation
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n.证实,确认,批准 | |
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supreme
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adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的 | |
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forth
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adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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geniality
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n.和蔼,诚恳;愉快 | |
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delightful
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adj.令人高兴的,使人快乐的 | |
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saturated
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a.饱和的,充满的 | |
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derisive
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adj.嘲弄的 | |
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providence
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n.深谋远虑,天道,天意;远见;节约;上帝 | |
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exhausted
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adj.极其疲惫的,精疲力尽的 | |
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evergreen
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n.常青树;adj.四季常青的 | |
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temperament
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n.气质,性格,性情 | |
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circumvent
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vt.环绕,包围;对…用计取胜,智胜 | |
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foresight
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n.先见之明,深谋远虑 | |
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isolating
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adj.孤立的,绝缘的v.使隔离( isolate的现在分词 );将…剔出(以便看清和单独处理);使(某物质、细胞等)分离;使离析 | |
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pickets
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罢工纠察员( picket的名词复数 ) | |
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purely
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adv.纯粹地,完全地 | |
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insistence
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n.坚持;强调;坚决主张 | |
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scholastic
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adj.学校的,学院的,学术上的 | |
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qualified
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adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的 | |
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accrue
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v.(利息等)增大,增多 | |
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defensive
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adj.防御的;防卫的;防守的 | |
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heresy
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n.异端邪说;异教 | |
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delusion
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n.谬见,欺骗,幻觉,迷惑 | |
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embodied
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v.表现( embody的过去式和过去分词 );象征;包括;包含 | |
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monetary
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adj.货币的,钱的;通货的;金融的;财政的 | |
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unprecedented
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adj.无前例的,新奇的 | |
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equities
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普通股,股票 | |
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platitudes
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n.平常的话,老生常谈,陈词滥调( platitude的名词复数 );滥套子 | |
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intensity
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n.强烈,剧烈;强度;烈度 | |
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irresistible
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adj.非常诱人的,无法拒绝的,无法抗拒的 | |
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hilariously
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distinguished
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adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的 | |
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collapse
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vi.累倒;昏倒;倒塌;塌陷 | |
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necessitated
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使…成为必要,需要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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controversy
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n.争论,辩论,争吵 | |
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complexity
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n.复杂(性),复杂的事物 | |
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insurgent
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adj.叛乱的,起事的;n.叛乱分子 | |
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inevitable
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adj.不可避免的,必然发生的 | |
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strenuous
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adj.奋发的,使劲的;紧张的;热烈的,狂热的 | |
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renascent
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adj.新生的 | |
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lucid
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adj.明白易懂的,清晰的,头脑清楚的 | |
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addict
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v.使沉溺;使上瘾;n.沉溺于不良嗜好的人 | |
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deliberately
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adv.审慎地;蓄意地;故意地 | |
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fuming
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愤怒( fume的现在分词 ); 大怒; 发怒; 冒烟 | |
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administrative
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adj.行政的,管理的 | |
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reigned
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vi.当政,统治(reign的过去式形式) | |
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amber
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n.琥珀;琥珀色;adj.琥珀制的 | |
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pinnacles
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顶峰( pinnacle的名词复数 ); 顶点; 尖顶; 小尖塔 | |
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soften
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v.(使)变柔软;(使)变柔和 | |
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twilight
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n.暮光,黄昏;暮年,晚期,衰落时期 | |
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futile
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adj.无效的,无用的,无希望的 | |
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scrapping
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刮,切除坯体余泥 | |
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