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CHAPTER X THE ABBEY AND THE REFORMATION
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A few months after the death and burial of Henry VII., another royal funeral took place in this beautiful chapel1 of the Tudors, the funeral of his mother, Margaret, the "venerable lady," whose influence was far-reaching, and whose holiness had won for her such universal love and reverence2.
"It would fill a volume to recount her good deeds," says her biographer, and he goes on to tell how she lived a life of prayer and simplicity3, being a member of no leas than five religious houses; how she herself waited on the poor, the sick, the dying, and how she freely gave of her wealth for the encouragement of learning. "Her ears were spent in hearing the word of God, her tongue was occupied in prayer, her feet in visiting holy places, her hands in giving alms." She provided an almshouse for poor women near Westminster Abbey, and another at Hatfield, and besides founding schools and colleges, she maintained many poor scholars at her own expense. She also translated many works in the English tongue. It was in Westminster that she desired to be buried, and she made many gifts to the place which her son was so richly beautifying, stipulating4 in return that prayers should always be said here for herself and all her family. She was destined5 to outlive son, daughter-in-law, and grandson, and it was not till 1509 that her useful life of close on three-score years and ten came to an end, and she passed peacefully away, "the almoner of God, the friend of the poor, the supporter of true religion, the patroness of learning, the comforter of the sorrowing, the beloved of all." As you stand by her monument in the south aisle6 of Henry VII.'s Chapel, look at her strong, noble face, beautiful in its calm old age, her hands clasped in prayer as was their wont7; and while you are lost in wonder at the skill of the sculptor8
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1
chapel
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n.小教堂,殡仪馆 | |
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2
reverence
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n.敬畏,尊敬,尊严;Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称;v.尊敬,敬畏,崇敬 | |
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simplicity
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n.简单,简易;朴素;直率,单纯 | |
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stipulating
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v.(尤指在协议或建议中)规定,约定,讲明(条件等)( stipulate的现在分词 );规定,明确要求 | |
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destined
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adj.命中注定的;(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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aisle
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n.(教堂、教室、戏院等里的)过道,通道 | |
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wont
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adj.习惯于;v.习惯;n.习惯 | |
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sculptor
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n.雕刻家,雕刻家 | |
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genial
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adj.亲切的,和蔼的,愉快的,脾气好的 | |
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devoted
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adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的 | |
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wrestler
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n.摔角选手,扭 | |
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entirely
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ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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bent
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n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的 | |
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motives
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n.动机,目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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thwarted
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阻挠( thwart的过去式和过去分词 ); 使受挫折; 挫败; 横过 | |
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WHIMS
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虚妄,禅病 | |
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eldest
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adj.最年长的,最年老的 | |
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wed
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v.娶,嫁,与…结婚 | |
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lamentation
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n.悲叹,哀悼 | |
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persuasion
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n.劝说;说服;持有某种信仰的宗派 | |
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incapable
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adj.无能力的,不能做某事的 | |
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grievance
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n.怨愤,气恼,委屈 | |
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wrath
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n.愤怒,愤慨,暴怒 | |
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determined
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adj.坚定的;有决心的 | |
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opposition
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n.反对,敌对 | |
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defender
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n.保卫者,拥护者,辩护人 | |
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revival
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n.复兴,复苏,(精力、活力等的)重振 | |
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supreme
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adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的 | |
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cleanse
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vt.使清洁,使纯洁,清洗 | |
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sweeping
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adj.范围广大的,一扫无遗的 | |
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monks
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n.修道士,僧侣( monk的名词复数 ) | |
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monasteries
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修道院( monastery的名词复数 ) | |
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immediate
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adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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jurisdiction
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n.司法权,审判权,管辖权,控制权 | |
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gratitude
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adj.感激,感谢 | |
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needy
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adj.贫穷的,贫困的,生活艰苦的 | |
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ebb
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vi.衰退,减退;n.处于低潮,处于衰退状态 | |
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vow
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n.誓(言),誓约;v.起誓,立誓 | |
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obedience
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n.服从,顺从 | |
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frugal
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adj.节俭的,节约的,少量的,微量的 | |
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retinues
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n.一批随员( retinue的名词复数 ) | |
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squandered
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v.(指钱,财产等)浪费,乱花( squander的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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extravagant
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adj.奢侈的;过分的;(言行等)放肆的 | |
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quenched
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解(渴)( quench的过去式和过去分词 ); 终止(某事物); (用水)扑灭(火焰等); 将(热物体)放入水中急速冷却 | |
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covetousness
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luxurious
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adj.精美而昂贵的;豪华的 | |
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thoroughly
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adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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honourable
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adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的 | |
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vaulted
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adj.拱状的 | |
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inquiry
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n.打听,询问,调查,查问 | |
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appropriation
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n.拨款,批准支出 | |
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cloister
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n.修道院;v.隐退,使与世隔绝 | |
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cloisters
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n.(学院、修道院、教堂等建筑的)走廊( cloister的名词复数 );回廊;修道院的生活;隐居v.隐退,使与世隔绝( cloister的第三人称单数 ) | |
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commissioners
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n.专员( commissioner的名词复数 );长官;委员;政府部门的长官 | |
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shrine
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n.圣地,神龛,庙;v.将...置于神龛内,把...奉为神圣 | |
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shrines
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圣地,圣坛,神圣场所( shrine的名词复数 ) | |
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relics
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[pl.]n.遗物,遗迹,遗产;遗体,尸骸 | |
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gauged
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adj.校准的;标准的;量规的;量计的v.(用仪器)测量( gauge的过去式和过去分词 );估计;计量;划分 | |
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submission
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n.服从,投降;温顺,谦虚;提出 | |
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deluge
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n./vt.洪水,暴雨,使泛滥 | |
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prudent
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adj.谨慎的,有远见的,精打细算的 | |
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severely
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adv.严格地;严厉地;非常恶劣地 | |
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gilt
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adj.镀金的;n.金边证券 | |
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bishop
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n.主教,(国际象棋)象 | |
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minor
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adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修 | |
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humble
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adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;v.降低,贬低 | |
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monastery
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n.修道院,僧院,寺院 | |
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reign
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n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势 | |
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bishops
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(基督教某些教派管辖大教区的)主教( bishop的名词复数 ); (国际象棋的)象 | |
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cardinal
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n.(天主教的)红衣主教;adj.首要的,基本的 | |
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dwelling
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n.住宅,住所,寓所 | |
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chambers
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n.房间( chamber的名词复数 );(议会的)议院;卧室;会议厅 | |
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chamber
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n.房间,寝室;会议厅;议院;会所 | |
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phantom
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n.幻影,虚位,幽灵;adj.错觉的,幻影的,幽灵的 | |
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reverent
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adj.恭敬的,虔诚的 | |
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placid
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adj.安静的,平和的 | |
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formerly
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adv.从前,以前 | |
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layman
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n.俗人,门外汉,凡人 | |
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veneration
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n.尊敬,崇拜 | |
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reigned
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vi.当政,统治(reign的过去式形式) | |
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flicker
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vi./n.闪烁,摇曳,闪现 | |
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devout
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adj.虔诚的,虔敬的,衷心的 (n.devoutness) | |
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underneath
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adj.在...下面,在...底下;adv.在下面 | |
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exquisite
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adj.精美的;敏锐的;剧烈的,感觉强烈的 | |
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wrench
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v.猛拧;挣脱;使扭伤;n.扳手;痛苦,难受 | |
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barge
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n.平底载货船,驳船 | |
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choir
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n.唱诗班,唱诗班的席位,合唱团,舞蹈团;v.合唱 | |
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quaint
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adj.古雅的,离奇有趣的,奇怪的 | |
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boded
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v.预示,预告,预言( bode的过去式和过去分词 );等待,停留( bide的过去分词 );居住;(过去式用bided)等待 | |
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disturbances
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n.骚乱( disturbance的名词复数 );打扰;困扰;障碍 | |
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celebrated
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adj.有名的,声誉卓著的 | |
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passionate
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adj.热情的,热烈的,激昂的,易动情的,易怒的,性情暴躁的 | |
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shudder
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v.战粟,震动,剧烈地摇晃;n.战粟,抖动 | |
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persecution
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n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
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entreated
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恳求,乞求( entreat的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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encumbered
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v.妨碍,阻碍,拖累( encumber的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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coffin
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n.棺材,灵柩 | |
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heresy
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n.异端邪说;异教 | |
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purged
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清除(政敌等)( purge的过去式和过去分词 ); 涤除(罪恶等); 净化(心灵、风气等); 消除(错事等)的不良影响 | |
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disorder
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n.紊乱,混乱;骚动,骚乱;疾病,失调 | |
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collation
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n.便餐;整理 | |
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knights
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骑士; (中古时代的)武士( knight的名词复数 ); 骑士; 爵士; (国际象棋中)马 | |
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ERECTED
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adj. 直立的,竖立的,笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立,建立 | |
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