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CHAPTER XX
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INDIAN STATESMEN AND SOLDIERS: LAWRENCE
AND THE HEROES OF THE MUTINY
The Indian Mutiny, which produced "such a breed of warlike men," the equals of whom have rarely, if ever, been found awaiting their country's need of them, is especially commemorated2 in the Abbey, which holds the graves of Lord Lawrence; Colin Campbell, Lord Clyde; and Sir James Outram. Only a monument does honour to Warren Hastings, whose name is so indissolubly linked with Westminster and with India, for it was at Westminster School that he was educated, the favourite pupil of the head-master Dr. Nichols, who found him "a hard student, bold, full of fire, ambitious in no ordinary degree;" and it was to India that he went, when eighteen, into the service of the East India Company. To the building up of the British Empire in India he gave his life, working with unfaltering courage under a thousand difficulties, sometimes no doubt making errors of judgment3, more often the victim of other men's intrigues4 and treachery, but always the dauntless, enthusiastic servant of the State. And his reward was disgrace, confiscation5, and impeachment6. He was used by Ministers at home as a cat's-paw in the game of politics. Burke and Fox charged him in Parliament with cruelty, extortion, and corruption7, while Sheridan's brilliant eloquence8 so dazzled the Commons as to obscure all their calm judgment, and they impeached9 Warren Hastings at the bar of the House of Lords for "high crimes and misdemeanours." In the February of 1788 this most famous of trials commenced in Westminster Hall, and it took Burke two days to get through his list of charges. All the force of his great powers as an orator10
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specially
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adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
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commemorated
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v.纪念,庆祝( commemorate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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judgment
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n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见 | |
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4
intrigues
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n.密谋策划( intrigue的名词复数 );神秘气氛;引人入胜的复杂情节v.搞阴谋诡计( intrigue的第三人称单数 );激起…的好奇心 | |
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confiscation
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n. 没收, 充公, 征收 | |
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impeachment
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n.弹劾;控告;怀疑 | |
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corruption
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n.腐败,堕落,贪污 | |
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eloquence
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n.雄辩;口才,修辞 | |
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impeached
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v.控告(某人)犯罪( impeach的过去式和过去分词 );弹劾;对(某事物)怀疑;提出异议 | |
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orator
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n.演说者,演讲者,雄辩家 | |
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deference
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n.尊重,顺从;敬意 | |
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defiance
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n.挑战,挑衅,蔑视,违抗 | |
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fore
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adv.在前面;adj.先前的;在前部的;n.前部 | |
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worthy
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adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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motive
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n.动机,目的;adv.发动的,运动的 | |
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thereby
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adv.因此,从而 | |
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acquitted
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宣判…无罪( acquit的过去式和过去分词 ); 使(自己)作出某种表现 | |
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pointed
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adj.尖的,直截了当的 | |
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cavalry
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n.骑兵;轻装甲部队 | |
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artillery
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n.(军)火炮,大炮;炮兵(部队) | |
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invalid
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n.病人,伤残人;adj.有病的,伤残的;无效的 | |
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entirely
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ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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devoted
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adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的 | |
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longing
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n.(for)渴望 | |
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miserable
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adj.悲惨的,痛苦的;可怜的,糟糕的 | |
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ken
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n.视野,知识领域 | |
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conscientious
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adj.审慎正直的,认真的,本着良心的 | |
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accomplished
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adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的 | |
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ammunition
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n.军火,弹药 | |
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civilian
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adj.平民的,民用的,民众的 | |
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magistrate
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n.地方行政官,地方法官,治安官 | |
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organise
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vt.组织,安排,筹办 | |
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astonishment
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n.惊奇,惊异 | |
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submission
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n.服从,投降;温顺,谦虚;提出 | |
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annex
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vt.兼并,吞并;n.附属建筑物 | |
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annexed
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[法] 附加的,附属的 | |
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decided
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adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的 | |
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frankly
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adv.坦白地,直率地;坦率地说 | |
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commissioner
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n.(政府厅、局、处等部门)专员,长官,委员 | |
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indefatigably
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adv.不厌倦地,不屈不挠地 | |
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regiments
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(军队的)团( regiment的名词复数 ); 大量的人或物 | |
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regiment
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n.团,多数,管理;v.组织,编成团,统制 | |
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massacre
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n.残杀,大屠杀;v.残杀,集体屠杀 | |
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garrison
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n.卫戍部队;驻地,卫戍区;vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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avenge
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v.为...复仇,为...报仇 | |
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whit
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n.一点,丝毫 | |
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determined
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adj.坚定的;有决心的 | |
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disarming
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adj.消除敌意的,使人消气的v.裁军( disarm的现在分词 );使息怒 | |
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forth
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adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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ridge
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n.山脊;鼻梁;分水岭 | |
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foes
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敌人,仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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unlimited
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adj.无限的,不受控制的,无条件的 | |
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odds
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n.让步,机率,可能性,比率;胜败优劣之别 | |
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vigour
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(=vigor)n.智力,体力,精力 | |
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appalling
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adj.骇人听闻的,令人震惊的,可怕的 | |
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beleaguered
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adj.受到围困[围攻]的;包围的v.围攻( beleaguer的过去式和过去分词);困扰;骚扰 | |
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juncture
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n.时刻,关键时刻,紧要关头 | |
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thither
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adv.向那里;adj.在那边的,对岸的 | |
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reigned
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vi.当政,统治(reign的过去式形式) | |
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promptly
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adv.及时地,敏捷地 | |
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distinguished
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adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的 | |
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highland
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n.(pl.)高地,山地 | |
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highlander
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n.高地的人,苏格兰高地地区的人 | |
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perfectly
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adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地 | |
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countenance
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n.脸色,面容;面部表情;vt.支持,赞同 | |
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touching
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adj.动人的,使人感伤的 | |
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hardy
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adj.勇敢的,果断的,吃苦的;耐寒的 | |
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immortal
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adj.不朽的;永生的,不死的;神的 | |
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bagpipes
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n.风笛;风笛( bagpipe的名词复数 ) | |
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bonnet
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n.无边女帽;童帽 | |
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honourable
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adj.可敬的;荣誉的,光荣的 | |
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organisation
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n.组织,安排,团体,有机休 | |
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chaos
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n.混乱,无秩序 | |
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bestowed
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赠给,授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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fully
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adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地 | |
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waive
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vt.放弃,不坚持(规定、要求、权力等) | |
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chivalry
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n.骑士气概,侠义;(男人)对女人彬彬有礼,献殷勤 | |
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esteemed
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adj.受人尊敬的v.尊敬( esteem的过去式和过去分词 );敬重;认为;以为 | |
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valiant
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adj.勇敢的,英勇的;n.勇士,勇敢的人 | |
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knight
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n.骑士,武士;爵士 | |
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infantry
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n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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positively
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adv.明确地,断然,坚决地;实在,确实 | |
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breach
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n.违反,不履行;破裂;vt.冲破,攻破 | |
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impervious
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adj.不能渗透的,不能穿过的,不易伤害的 | |
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feat
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n.功绩;武艺,技艺;adj.灵巧的,漂亮的,合适的 | |
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gasp
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n.喘息,气喘;v.喘息;气吁吁他说 | |
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majesty
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n.雄伟,壮丽,庄严,威严;最高权威,王权 | |
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gratitude
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adj.感激,感谢 | |
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reproof
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n.斥责,责备 | |
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entreats
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恳求,乞求( entreat的第三人称单数 ) | |
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fatigue
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n.疲劳,劳累 | |
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warrior
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n.勇士,武士,斗士 | |
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saviour
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n.拯救者,救星 | |
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modesty
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n.谦逊,虚心,端庄,稳重,羞怯,朴素 | |
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perils
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极大危险( peril的名词复数 ); 危险的事(或环境) | |
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simplicity
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n.简单,简易;朴素;直率,单纯 | |
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sergeants
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警官( sergeant的名词复数 ); (美国警察)警佐; (英国警察)巡佐; 陆军(或空军)中士 | |
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consolidate
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v.使加固,使加强;(把...)联为一体,合并 | |
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acting
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n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
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