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CHAPTER III
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The victory had not long been reported to Parliament when the House began to consider the question of reducing the forces. Silently and almost imperceptibly the strength of the Standing1 Army had grown since 1645 until it now amounted to thirty regiments3 of foot, eighteen of horse and one of dragoons, or close on fifty thousand men. Besides these there were independent companies in garrison4 to the number of seven thousand more, and several more regiments which were borne permanently5 on the Irish establishment. Five whole regiments, thirty independent companies, and two independent troops were ordered to be disbanded forthwith; other regiments were reserved for service in Ireland or to replace the disbanded companies in garrison; and the establishment for England and Scotland was fixed6 at eighteen regiments of foot and sixteen of horse. It appears too that the actual strength of companies was reduced from one hundred and twenty to eighty, and of troops from one hundred to sixty, thus diminishing the number of men while retaining the name of the corps7 intact. The system is no novelty in these days, but this is the first instance of its acceptance in the history of the Army.
1652.
1652-53.
A revolutionary Government, however, does not easily find peace. By June 1652 the recruiting officers were abroad again, and regiments were increasing their establishment owing to the outbreak of the Dutch War. The quarrel with the United Provinces was curious, inasmuch as the English commonwealth8 had expected[249] sympathy from the sister-republic which had been made by English soldiers, and had even sought to unite the two republics into one. But there is no such thing as national gratitude9; and the discourtesy of the Dutch soon led the English to exchange friendly
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收听单词发音  | 1
     standing   | |
| n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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     regiment   | |
| n.团,多数,管理;v.组织,编成团,统制 | |
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     regiments   | |
| (军队的)团( regiment的名词复数 ); 大量的人或物 | |
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     garrison   | |
| n.卫戍部队;驻地,卫戍区;vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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     permanently   | |
| adv.永恒地,永久地,固定不变地 | |
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     fixed   | |
| adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的 | |
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     corps   | |
| n.(通信等兵种的)部队;(同类作的)一组 | |
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     commonwealth   | |
| n.共和国,联邦,共同体 | |
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     gratitude   | |
| adj.感激,感谢 | |
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     negotiations   | |
| 协商( negotiation的名词复数 ); 谈判; 完成(难事); 通过 | |
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     naval   | |
| adj.海军的,军舰的,船的 | |
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     monk   | |
| n.和尚,僧侣,修道士 | |
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     utterly   | |
| adv.完全地,绝对地 | |
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     mangled   | |
| vt.乱砍(mangle的过去式与过去分词形式) | |
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     gallant   | |
| adj.英勇的,豪侠的;(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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     skilful   | |
| (=skillful)adj.灵巧的,熟练的 | |
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     wrenched   | |
| v.(猛力地)扭( wrench的过去式和过去分词 );扭伤;使感到痛苦;使悲痛 | |
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     supremacy   | |
| n.至上;至高权力 | |
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     ashore   | |
| adv.在(向)岸上,上岸 | |
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     nemesis   | |
| n.给以报应者,复仇者,难以对付的敌手 | |
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     intervals   | |
| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息 | |
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     incapable   | |
| adj.无能力的,不能做某事的 | |
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     scotch   | |
| n.伤口,刻痕;苏格兰威士忌酒;v.粉碎,消灭,阻止;adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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     disposition   | |
| n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署 | |
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     conceal   | |
| v.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽 | |
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     climax   | |
| n.顶点;高潮;v.(使)达到顶点 | |
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     smuggle   | |
| vt.私运;vi.走私 | |
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     interfere   | |
| v.(in)干涉,干预;(with)妨碍,打扰 | |
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     sufficiently   | |
| adv.足够地,充分地 | |
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     civilians   | |
| 平民,百姓( civilian的名词复数 ); 老百姓 | |
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     exertions   | |
| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 );费力;(能力、权力等的)运用;行使 | |
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     distress   | |
| n.苦恼,痛苦,不舒适;不幸;vt.使悲痛 | |
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     corrupt   | |
| v.贿赂,收买;adj.腐败的,贪污的 | |
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     lewd   | |
| adj.淫荡的 | |
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     evaded   | |
| 逃避( evade的过去式和过去分词 ); 避开; 回避; 想不出 | |
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     administrative   | |
| adj.行政的,管理的 | |
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     patriotic   | |
| adj.爱国的,有爱国心的 | |
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     reign   | |
| n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势 | |
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     anarchy   | |
| n.无政府状态;社会秩序混乱,无秩序 | |
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     ousted   | |
| 驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 ); 革职; 罢黜; 剥夺 | |
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     virtue   | |
| n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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     advisers   | |
| 顾问,劝告者( adviser的名词复数 ); (指导大学新生学科问题等的)指导教授 | |
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     thereby   | |
| adv.因此,从而 | |
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     worthiness   | |
| 价值,值得 | |
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     mischief   | |
| n.损害,伤害,危害;恶作剧,捣蛋,胡闹 | |
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     highland   | |
| n.(pl.)高地,山地 | |
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     predecessor   | |
| n.前辈,前任 | |
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     accomplished   | |
| adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的 | |
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     circumscribed   | |
| adj.[医]局限的:受限制或限于有限空间的v.在…周围划线( circumscribe的过去式和过去分词 );划定…范围;限制;限定 | |
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     diplomacy   | |
| n.外交;外交手腕,交际手腕 | |
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     junction   | |
| n.连接,接合;交叉点,接合处,枢纽站 | |
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     secrecy   | |
| n.秘密,保密,隐蔽 | |
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     westward   | |
| n.西方,西部;adj.西方的,向西的;adv.向西 | |
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     drawn   | |
| v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的 | |
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     eluded   | |
| v.(尤指机敏地)避开( elude的过去式和过去分词 );逃避;躲避;使达不到 | |
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     clans   | |
| 宗族( clan的名词复数 ); 氏族; 庞大的家族; 宗派 | |
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     northward   | |
| adv.向北;n.北方的地区 | |
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     thither   | |
| adv.向那里;adj.在那边的,对岸的 | |
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     mere   | |
| adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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     awe   | |
| n.敬畏,惊惧;vt.使敬畏,使惊惧 | |
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     jaws   | |
| n.口部;嘴 | |
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     dispersed   | |
| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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     rugged   | |
| adj.高低不平的,粗糙的,粗壮的,强健的 | |
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     enchanting   | |
| a.讨人喜欢的 | |
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     briefly   | |
| adv.简单地,简短地 | |
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     tract   | |
| n.传单,小册子,大片(土地或森林) | |
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     extraordinarily   | |
| adv.格外地;极端地 | |
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     remarkable   | |
| adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的 | |
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     scouts   | |
| 侦察员[机,舰]( scout的名词复数 ); 童子军; 搜索; 童子军成员 | |
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     sentry   | |
| n.哨兵,警卫 | |
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     exponent   | |
| n.倡导者,拥护者;代表人物;指数,幂 | |
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     savage   | |
| adj.野蛮的;凶恶的,残暴的;n.未开化的人 | |
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     warfare   | |
| n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突 | |
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     systematically   | |
| adv.有系统地 | |
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     ravaging   | |
| 毁坏( ravage的现在分词 ); 蹂躏; 劫掠; 抢劫 | |
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     dispersing   | |
| adj. 分散的 动词disperse的现在分词形式 | |
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     dodged   | |
| v.闪躲( dodge的过去式和过去分词 );回避 | |
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     deserted   | |
| adj.荒芜的,荒废的,无人的,被遗弃的 | |
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     watchfulness   | |
| 警惕,留心; 警觉(性) | |
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     administrator   | |
| n.经营管理者,行政官员 | |
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     kinsman   | |
| n.男亲属 | |
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     supreme   | |
| adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的 | |
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     superseded   | |
| [医]被代替的,废弃的 | |
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     bog   | |
| n.沼泽;室...陷入泥淖 | |
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     nay   | |
| adv.不;n.反对票,投反对票者 | |
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     conspicuous   | |
| adj.明眼的,惹人注目的;炫耀的,摆阔气的 | |
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     foresight   | |
| n.先见之明,深谋远虑 | |
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     tolerance   | |
| n.宽容;容忍,忍受;耐药力;公差 | |
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     creeds   | |
| (尤指宗教)信条,教条( creed的名词复数 ) | |
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     politic   | |
| adj.有智虑的;精明的;v.从政 | |
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     accurately   | |
| adv.准确地,精确地 | |
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     constable   | |
| n.(英国)警察,警官 | |
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     subversion   | |
| n.颠覆,破坏 | |
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     factions   | |
| 组织中的小派别,派系( faction的名词复数 ) | |
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     dissent   | |
| n./v.不同意,持异议 | |
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     fanatics   | |
| 狂热者,入迷者( fanatic的名词复数 ) | |
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     quacks   | |
| abbr.quacksalvers 庸医,骗子(16世纪习惯用水银或汞治疗梅毒的人)n.江湖医生( quack的名词复数 );江湖郎中;(鸭子的)呱呱声v.(鸭子)发出嘎嘎声( quack的第三人称单数 ) | |
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     asunder   | |
| adj.分离的,化为碎片 | |
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     sedition   | |
| n.煽动叛乱 | |
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     attainable   | |
| a.可达到的,可获得的 | |
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     conspirators   | |
| n.共谋者,阴谋家( conspirator的名词复数 ) | |
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     inevitable   | |
| adj.不可避免的,必然发生的 | |
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     meddles   | |
| v.干涉,干预(他人事务)( meddle的第三人称单数 ) | |
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     resolute   | |
| adj.坚决的,果敢的 | |
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     conspiracies   | |
| n.阴谋,密谋( conspiracy的名词复数 ) | |
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     disorder   | |
| n.紊乱,混乱;骚动,骚乱;疾病,失调 | |
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     varied   | |
| adj.多样的,多变化的 | |
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     cavalry   | |
| n.骑兵;轻装甲部队 | |
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     militia   | |
| n.民兵,民兵组织 | |
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     annually   | |
| adv.一年一次,每年 | |
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     strictly   | |
| adv.严厉地,严格地;严密地 | |
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     hatred   | |
| n.憎恶,憎恨,仇恨 | |
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     usurpation   | |
| n.篡位;霸占 | |
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     vengeance   | |
| n.报复,报仇,复仇 | |
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     remains   | |
| n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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                CHAPTER II
                
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                CHAPTER IV
                
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