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SEXT
In which Adso receives the confidences of Salvatore, which cannot be summarized in a few words, but which cause him long and concerned meditation1.
As I was eating, I saw Salvatore in one corner, obvious?ly having made his peace with the cook, for he was merrily devouring2 a mutton pie. He ate as if he had never eaten before in his life, not letting even a crumb3 fall, and he seemed to be giving thanks to God for this extraordinary event.
He winked4 at me and said, in that bizarre language of his, that he was eating for all the years when he had fasted. I questioned him. He told me of a very painful childhood in a village where the air was bad, the rains frequent, where the fields rotted while the air was polluted by deathly miasmas5. There were floods, or so I understood, season after season, when the fields had no furrows6 and with a bushel of seed you harvested a sextary, and then the sextary was reduced to nothing. Even the overlords had white faces like the poor, although, Salvatore remarked, the poor died in greater numbers than the gentry7 did, perhaps (he smiled) because there were more of them. ... A sextary cost fifteen pence, a bushel sixty pence, the preachers an?nounced the end of the world, but Salvatore’s parents and grandparents remembered the same story in the past as well, so they came to the conclusion that the world was always about to end. And after they had eaten all the bird carcasses and all the unclean animals they could find, there was a rumor8 in the village that somebody was beginning to dig up the dead. Salvatore explained with great dramatic ability, as if he were an actor, how those “homeni malissimi” behaved, the wick?ed men who scrabbled with their fingers in the earth of the cemeteries
收听单词发音
1
meditation
n.熟虑,(尤指宗教的)默想,沉思,(pl.)冥想录
2
devouring
吞没( devour的现在分词 ); 耗尽; 津津有味地看; 狼吞虎咽地吃光
3
crumb
n.饼屑,面包屑,小量
4
winked
v.使眼色( wink的过去式和过去分词 );递眼色(表示友好或高兴等);(指光)闪烁;闪亮
5
miasmas
n.瘴气( miasma的名词复数 );烟雾弥漫的空气;不良气氛或影响
6
furrows
n.犁沟( furrow的名词复数 );(脸上的)皱纹v.犁田,开沟( furrow的第三人称单数 )
7
gentry
n.绅士阶级,上层阶级
8
rumor
n.谣言,谣传,传说
9
cemeteries
n.(非教堂的)墓地,公墓( cemetery的名词复数 )
10
grimace
v.做鬼脸,面部歪扭
11
corpse
n.尸体,死尸
12
crouched
v.屈膝,蹲伏( crouch的过去式和过去分词 )
13
accosted
v.走过去跟…讲话( accost的过去式和过去分词 );跟…搭讪;(乞丐等)上前向…乞讨;(妓女等)勾搭
14
devoured
吞没( devour的过去式和过去分词 ); 耗尽; 津津有味地看; 狼吞虎咽地吃光
15
flatten
v.把...弄平,使倒伏;使(漆等)失去光泽
16
generic
adj.一般的,普通的,共有的
17
vernacular
adj.地方的,用地方语写成的;n.白话;行话;本国语;动植物的俗名
18
tyrants
专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 ); 暴君似的人; (古希腊的)僭主; 严酷的事物
19
logic
n.逻辑(学);逻辑性
20
benighted
adj.蒙昧的
21
spoke
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
22
arrogance
n.傲慢,自大
23
feudal
adj.封建的,封地的,领地的
24
yearned
渴望,切盼,向往( yearn的过去式和过去分词 )
25
ooze
n.软泥,渗出物;vi.渗出,泄漏;vt.慢慢渗出,流露
26
injustice
n.非正义,不公正,不公平,侵犯(别人的)权利
27
providence
n.深谋远虑,天道,天意;远见;节约;上帝
28
eludes
v.(尤指机敏地)避开( elude的第三人称单数 );逃避;躲避;使达不到
29
pilfering
v.偷窃(小东西),小偷( pilfer的现在分词 );偷窃(一般指小偷小摸)
30
vagrants
流浪者( vagrant的名词复数 ); 无业游民; 乞丐; 无赖
31
vagrant
n.流浪者,游民;adj.流浪的,漂泊不定的
32
monk
n.和尚,僧侣,修道士
33
monks
n.修道士,僧侣( monk的名词复数 )
34
charlatans
n.冒充内行者,骗子( charlatan的名词复数 )
35
invalid
n.病人,伤残人;adj.有病的,伤残的;无效的
36
fugitives
n.亡命者,逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 )
37
banishment
n.放逐,驱逐
38
weavers
织工,编织者( weaver的名词复数 )
39
rogues
n.流氓( rogue的名词复数 );无赖;调皮捣蛋的人;离群的野兽
40
rascals
流氓( rascal的名词复数 ); 无赖; (开玩笑说法)淘气的人(尤指小孩); 恶作剧的人
41
bullies
n.欺凌弱小者, 开球
vt.恐吓, 威胁, 欺负
42
reprobates
n.道德败坏的人,恶棍( reprobate的名词复数 )
43
recreants
n.懦夫( recreant的名词复数 )
44
embezzling
v.贪污,盗用(公款)( embezzle的现在分词 )
45
corrupt
v.贿赂,收买;adj.腐败的,贪污的
46
nuns
n.(通常指基督教的)修女, (佛教的)尼姑( nun的名词复数 )
47
maidens
处女( maiden的名词复数 ); 少女; 未婚女子; (板球运动)未得分的一轮投球
48
deception
n.欺骗,欺诈;骗局,诡计
49
melancholy
n.忧郁,愁思;adj.令人感伤(沮丧)的,忧郁的
50
incurable
adj.不能医治的,不能矫正的,无救的;n.不治的病人,无救的人
51
feign
vt.假装,佯作
52
crutches
n.拐杖, 支柱
v.支撑
53
stinking
adj.臭的,烂醉的,讨厌的v.散发出恶臭( stink的现在分词 );发臭味;名声臭;糟透
54
saliva
n.唾液,口水
55
nostrils
鼻孔( nostril的名词复数 )
56
spurt
v.喷出;突然进发;突然兴隆
57
concocted
v.将(尤指通常不相配合的)成分混合成某物( concoct的过去式和过去分词 );调制;编造;捏造
58
wrest
n.扭,拧,猛夺;v.夺取,猛扭,歪曲
59
exhortations
n.敦促( exhortation的名词复数 );极力推荐;(正式的)演讲;(宗教仪式中的)劝诫
60
hearth
n.壁炉炉床,壁炉地面
61
purges
清除异己( purge的名词复数 ); 整肃(行动); 清洗; 泻药
62
narrating
v.故事( narrate的现在分词 )
63
mire
n.泥沼,泥泞;v.使...陷于泥泞,使...陷入困境
64
mingled
混合,混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 ); 混进,与…交往[联系]
65
agitators
n.(尤指政治变革的)鼓动者( agitator的名词复数 );煽动者;搅拌器;搅拌机
66
discord
n.不和,意见不合,争论,(音乐)不和谐
67
inveighed
v.猛烈抨击,痛骂,谩骂( inveigh的过去式和过去分词 )
68
mendicant
n.乞丐;adj.行乞的
69
extorting
v.敲诈( extort的现在分词 );曲解
70
perjury
n.伪证;伪证罪
71
hermit
n.隐士,修道者;隐居
72
seduced
诱奸( seduce的过去式和过去分词 ); 勾引; 诱使堕落; 使入迷
73
lash
v.系牢;鞭打;猛烈抨击;n.鞭打;眼睫毛
74
hermits
(尤指早期基督教的)隐居修道士,隐士,遁世者( hermit的名词复数 )
75
penance
n.(赎罪的)惩罪
76
clergy
n.[总称]牧师,神职人员
77
bishops
(基督教某些教派管辖大教区的)主教( bishop的名词复数 ); (国际象棋的)象
78
bishop
n.主教,(国际象棋)象
79
vices
缺陷( vice的名词复数 ); 恶习; 不道德行为; 台钳
80
excoriated
v.擦伤( excoriate的过去式和过去分词 );擦破(皮肤);剥(皮);严厉指责
81
ferocious
adj.凶猛的,残暴的,极度的,十分强烈的
82
joyous
adj.充满快乐的;令人高兴的
83
dedication
n.奉献,献身,致力,题献,献辞
84
sects
n.宗派,教派( sect的名词复数 )
85
doctrine
n.教义;主义;学说
86
belly
n.肚子,腹部;(像肚子一样)鼓起的部分,膛
87
devoted
adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的
88
apparently
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
89
enraged
使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 ); 歜; 激愤
90
dispersed
adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的
91
horde
n.群众,一大群
92
humble
adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;v.降低,贬低
93
apostate
n.背叛者,变节者
94
throngs
n.人群( throng的名词复数 )v.成群,挤满( throng的第三人称单数 )
95
heed
v.注意,留意;n.注意,留心
96
Christian
adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒
97
tithes
n.(宗教捐税)什一税,什一的教区税,小部分( tithe的名词复数 )
98
jeopardize
vt.危及,损害
99
lured
吸引,引诱(lure的过去式与过去分词形式)
100
forth
adv.向前;向外,往外
101
courageous
adj.勇敢的,有胆量的
102
courageously
ad.勇敢地,无畏地
103
hurling
n.爱尔兰式曲棍球v.猛投,用力掷( hurl的现在分词 );大声叫骂
104
tormenting
使痛苦的,使苦恼的
105
barricaded
设路障于,以障碍物阻塞( barricade的过去式和过去分词 ); 设路障[防御工事]保卫或固守
106
massacre
n.残杀,大屠杀;v.残杀,集体屠杀
107
evade
vt.逃避,回避;避开,躲避
108
bloody
adj.非常的的;流血的;残忍的;adv.很;vt.血染
109
Christians
n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )
110
usury
n.高利贷
111
annihilated
v.(彻底)消灭( annihilate的过去式和过去分词 );使无效;废止;彻底击溃
112
corpses
n.死尸,尸体( corpse的名词复数 )
113
virtuous
adj.有品德的,善良的,贞洁的,有效力的
114
sepulcher
n.坟墓
115
reign
n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势
116
monasteries
修道院( monastery的名词复数 )
117
scant
adj.不充分的,不足的;v.减缩,限制,忽略
118
larder
n.食物贮藏室,食品橱
119
epitome
n.典型,梗概
120
adventurous
adj.爱冒险的;惊心动魄的,惊险的,刺激的
121
killing
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
122
offense
n.犯规,违法行为;冒犯,得罪
123
phenomena
n.现象
124
frenzy
n.疯狂,狂热,极度的激动
125
obsessed
adj.心神不宁的,鬼迷心窍的,沉迷的
126
hover
vi.翱翔,盘旋;徘徊;彷徨,犹豫
127
irritation
n.激怒,恼怒,生气
128
decided
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
129
vicissitudes
n.变迁,世事变化;变迁兴衰( vicissitude的名词复数 );盛衰兴废