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II. ENGLISH BISHOPS, OLD AND NEW.
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If it were said that the difference between bishops2 of the old school and of the new consists chiefly in the fact that the former wore wigs4 and that the latter have ceased to do so, the definition would be true enough if it were followed out, not literally5, but with a liberal construction. In former days the wig3 and apron6, of themselves, almost sufficed; but now, these outer things having been, to so great an extent, laid aside, other things, much more difficult of acquirement, are needed. There was, however, such an odour of pious7 decorum round the episcopal wig, that we cannot but regret its departure; and then, again, so much of awe8 has gone, now that the wig is abandoned! We who can remember the bishops in their full panoply{17} can hardly understand how a bishop1 of these times can be a bishop at all to his subject parsons. And that veneration9 which arose from outer circumstances used to be so peculiarly the perquisite10 of the bench of bishops, that men of the laity11, thinking over it all, are at a loss to conceive why appendages12 so valuable should have been abandoned thus recklessly. Even aprons13 are not worn as aprons were worn of yore,—but in a shorn degree, showing too plainly that the reverend wearer is half ashamed of the
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1
bishop
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n.主教,(国际象棋)象 | |
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2
bishops
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(基督教某些教派管辖大教区的)主教( bishop的名词复数 ); (国际象棋的)象 | |
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3
wig
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n.假发 | |
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4
wigs
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n.假发,法官帽( wig的名词复数 ) | |
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5
literally
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adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实 | |
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6
apron
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n.围裙;工作裙 | |
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7
pious
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adj.虔诚的;道貌岸然的 | |
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8
awe
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n.敬畏,惊惧;vt.使敬畏,使惊惧 | |
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9
veneration
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n.尊敬,崇拜 | |
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10
perquisite
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n.固定津贴,福利 | |
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11
laity
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n.俗人;门外汉 | |
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12
appendages
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n.附属物( appendage的名词复数 );依附的人;附属器官;附属肢体(如臂、腿、尾等) | |
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13
aprons
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围裙( apron的名词复数 ); 停机坪,台口(舞台幕前的部份) | |
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14
tranquil
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adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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15
envelop
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vt.包,封,遮盖;包围 | |
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16
reverent
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adj.恭敬的,虔诚的 | |
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17
succumbed
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不再抵抗(诱惑、疾病、攻击等)( succumb的过去式和过去分词 ); 屈从; 被压垮; 死 | |
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18
invincible
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adj.不可征服的,难以制服的 | |
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19
peculiarities
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n. 特质, 特性, 怪癖, 古怪 | |
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20
baron
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n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王 | |
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21
territorial
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adj.领土的,领地的 | |
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22
domain
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n.(活动等)领域,范围;领地,势力范围 | |
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23
domains
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n.范围( domain的名词复数 );领域;版图;地产 | |
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amassing
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v.积累,积聚( amass的现在分词 ) | |
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25
colossal
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adj.异常的,庞大的 | |
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26
encumbrances
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n.负担( encumbrance的名词复数 );累赘;妨碍;阻碍 | |
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hereditary
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adj.遗传的,遗传性的,可继承的,世袭的 | |
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28
precluded
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v.阻止( preclude的过去式和过去分词 );排除;妨碍;使…行不通 | |
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prone
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adj.(to)易于…的,很可能…的;俯卧的 | |
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30
quiescence
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n.静止 | |
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31
costly
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adj.昂贵的,价值高的,豪华的 | |
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32
expenditure
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n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出;使用,消耗 | |
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33
halcyon
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n.平静的,愉快的 | |
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sublimity
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崇高,庄严,气质高尚 | |
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opulence
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n.财富,富裕 | |
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metropolitan
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adj.大城市的,大都会的 | |
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tenacity
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n.坚韧 | |
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unreasonable
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adj.不讲道理的,不合情理的,过度的 | |
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abhorrence
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n.憎恶;可憎恶的事 | |
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delightful
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adj.令人高兴的,使人快乐的 | |
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aspirants
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n.有志向或渴望获得…的人( aspirant的名词复数 )v.渴望的,有抱负的,追求名誉或地位的( aspirant的第三人称单数 );有志向或渴望获得…的人 | |
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42
punctuation
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n.标点符号,标点法 | |
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43
bias
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n.偏见,偏心,偏袒;vt.使有偏见 | |
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conspicuous
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adj.明眼的,惹人注目的;炫耀的,摆阔气的 | |
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attainments
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成就,造诣; 获得( attainment的名词复数 ); 达到; 造诣; 成就 | |
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impartial
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adj.(in,to)公正的,无偏见的 | |
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patronage
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n.赞助,支援,援助;光顾,捧场 | |
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possessed
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adj.疯狂的;拥有的,占有的 | |
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engendered
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v.产生(某形势或状况),造成,引起( engender的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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attained
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(通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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51
reverence
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n.敬畏,尊敬,尊严;Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称;v.尊敬,敬畏,崇敬 | |
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52
mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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53
auspices
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n.资助,赞助 | |
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54
dissent
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n./v.不同意,持异议 | |
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55
decency
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n.体面,得体,合宜,正派,庄重 | |
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middle-aged
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adj.中年的 | |
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intercourse
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n.性交;交流,交往,交际 | |
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58
creditors
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n.债权人,债主( creditor的名词复数 ) | |
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59
kindly
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adj.和蔼的,温和的,爽快的;adv.温和地,亲切地 | |
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specially
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adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
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61
piety
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n.虔诚,虔敬 | |
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miraculous
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adj.像奇迹一样的,不可思议的 | |
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Oxford
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n.牛津(英国城市) | |
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64
thither
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adv.向那里;adj.在那边的,对岸的 | |
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tracts
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大片土地( tract的名词复数 ); 地带; (体内的)道; (尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的)短文 | |
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opposition
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n.反对,敌对 | |
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followers
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追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件 | |
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dross
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n.渣滓;无用之物 | |
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cleansed
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弄干净,清洗( cleanse的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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poked
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v.伸出( poke的过去式和过去分词 );戳出;拨弄;与(某人)性交 | |
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71
edifices
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n.大建筑物( edifice的名词复数 ) | |
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predilections
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n.偏爱,偏好,嗜好( predilection的名词复数 ) | |
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alas
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int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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74
venerate
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v.尊敬,崇敬,崇拜 | |
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vacancy
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n.(旅馆的)空位,空房,(职务的)空缺 | |
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76
humble
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adj.谦卑的,恭顺的;地位低下的;v.降低,贬低 | |
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ordination
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n.授任圣职 | |
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provincial
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adj.省的,地方的;n.外省人,乡下人 | |
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brandishing
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v.挥舞( brandish的现在分词 );炫耀 | |
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picturesque
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adj.美丽如画的,(语言)生动的,绘声绘色的 | |
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81
graceful
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adj.优美的,优雅的;得体的 | |
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82
remains
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n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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83
grandeur
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n.伟大,崇高,宏伟,庄严,豪华 | |
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84
injustice
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n.非正义,不公正,不公平,侵犯(别人的)权利 | |
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corruption
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n.腐败,堕落,贪污 | |
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86
hemmed
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缝…的褶边( hem的过去式和过去分词 ); 包围 | |
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scrutiny
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n.详细检查,仔细观察 | |
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bestow
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v.把…赠与,把…授予;花费 | |
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nepotism
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n.任人唯亲;裙带关系 | |
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promotion
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n.提升,晋级;促销,宣传 | |
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91
sinecures
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n.工作清闲但报酬优厚的职位,挂名的好差事( sinecure的名词复数 ) | |
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premises
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n.建筑物,房屋 | |
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